iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-1 ~ January. 2020

Abstract: Introduction: The analgesic regime for postoperative pain usually includes paracetamol, NSAIDs and opioids. The opioid epidemic as well as the opioid side effects like sedation, respiratory depression, constipation, delayed patient mobilization has led Anesthetist to find a way of decreasing the use of opioids. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Anaesthesiology And General Surgery Departments of Government Vellore medical college and hospital after obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee approval. Written and informed consent was obtained from each patient in the prescribed format prior to performance of any study related procedures, before physical examination, laboratory screening or any other investigational procedure and before administration of any study related medication. The patients and patients relatives were explained in detail about the nature, procedure and importance of the study. Result values were recorded using a proforma sheet for all cases......

Key Words: opioids, GA, metoclopramide, erector spine plane block.

[1]. Forero M, Adhikary SD, Lopez H,Tsui C,Chin KJ.The erector spinae plane block: A Novel analgesic technique in thoracicneuropathic pain. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2016;41:621-7.
[2]. Chin KJ, Forero M, Adhikary SD. Reply to Dr. Ueshima andDr. Murouchi. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2017;42:124‑5.
[3]. Ueshima H, Otake H. Similarities between the retrolaminar and erector spinae plane blocks. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2017;42:123-4
[4]. Scimia P, Basso Ricci E, Droghetti A, Fusco P. The ultrasound-guided continuous erector spinae plane block for postoperative analgesia in video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2017;42:537.
[5]. Ueshima H,Otake H.Clinical experiences of ultrasound guided erector spinae plane block for thoracic vertebra surgery. J Clin Anesth 2017;38:137.

Abstract: Osteosarcoma is defined as the primary malignant mesenchymal tumor.Bone tumors make up to 3-5% of childhood cancers and less than 1% of cancers in adults.1,2Of these osteosarcoma is the most commonly diagnosed primary malignant bone tumor.Individuals with localized osteosarcoma have an average 5 yr survival of about 80% but those with metastatic disease have much worse outcomes.3Its incidence is bimodally distributed by age with first peak in adolescence and second peak in the elderly.1,3,4.

Keywords: Osteosarcoma,children,Fine Needle Aspiration

[1]. Dorfman HA, Czerniak B. Bone Cancers. Cancer supplement. 1995;75:203–210.
[2]. Mascarenhas L, Siegel S, Spector L, Arndt C, Femino D, Malogolowkin M. Malignant bone tumors: cancer in 15- to 29-year-olds in the United States. In: Bleyer A, O'Leary M, Barr R, Ries LAG, editors.Cancer Epidemiology in older adolescents and young adults 15 to 29 years of age, including SEER incidence and survival: 1975–2000. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute; 2006. pp. 98–109. NIH Pub. No. 06-5767.
[3]. Mirabello L, Troisi RJ, Savage S. Osteosarcoma incidence and survival rates from 1973 to 2004: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Cancer. 2008 in press.
[4]. Ji J, Hemminki K. Familial risk for histology-specific bone cancers: An updated study in Sweden. Eur J Cancer. 2006;42:2343–2349.
[5]. Nakajima H, Sim FH, Bond JR, Unni KK. Small cell osteosarcoma of bone. Review of 72 cases. Cancer.1997;79:2095–106..

Abstract: Teratoma originates from multipotential germ cells that recapitulate normal somatic development by developing elements of the three embryonic germ layers. Primary retroperitoneal teratoma develops from totipotential germ cells that have failed to migrate their normal gonadal locations. Case summary: Here we present a case of an adolescent girl presenting with a huge abdominal swelling. On clinical examination it was a hard abdominal mass. Radiological investigations revealed that a large retroperitoneal mass extending from epigastrium to hypogastrium filling bilateral flanks, displacing bowel loops laterally, pancreas superiorly and bilateral kidneys inferiorly. The mass was composed of cystic areas with fat and bony components within..

[1]. Morgagni J. The seats and causes of disease. 1769 ed. New York: Hafner Publishing Company, 1960, p. 364.
[2]. Mecray PM Jr and Frazier WD. Retroperitoneal teratoma. Arch Surg 1937; 25: 258–367No Title.
[3]. Chute R, Leard S and Osgood R. Primary retroperitoneal teratoma. J Urol 1953; 70: 520–525.
[4]. Gatcombe HG, Assikis V, Kooby D, et al. Primary retroperitoneal teratomas: a review of the literature. J Surg Oncol 2004; 86: 107–113.
[5]. Bonnet R. Giebt es Wirbeltieren-Parthenogenesis? Ergebn. der Anat. u. Entwickl. 1900; 9..

Abstract: Background: Interlocking intramedullary nail is now the standard treatment for femoral shaft fractures in adults. However open Kuntscher nail is still remains an option for the management of noncomminuted isthmus fractures of femur in a developing country like us. Aims: This study was done to evaluate the outcome of Kuntscher nailing with regard to union, infection, limb length and range of motion. Materials & Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 30 patients with fracture shaft of femur treated with K nail in a tertiary care centre of eastern India with institutional ethical clearance and informed consent of the subjects. All patients were treated and they were followed up after operative management in the institution for 12 months....

Keywords: shaft femur fracture , k-nail, union, fixation, functional outcome.

[1]. Frederick M. Azar. James H. Beaty. S. Terry Canale. CAMPBELL'S OPERATIVE ORTHOPAEDICS. 13th edition, Philadelphia,ELSEVIER,2017 : 2796
[2]. Sage FP. The second decade of experience with Kuntscher medullary nail in the femur. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1968;60:77-85.
[3]. Kuntscher GB. The Kuntscher method of intramedullary fixation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1958;40- A(1):17-26.
[4]. Winquist RA, Hensen ST. Segmental fracture of the femur treated by closed intramedullary nailing. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1978;60(7):934-9.
[5]. Roy RK, Prasad M. Comparative study of Kuntscher nail vs. interlocking nailing for femoral isthmus fractures. J Evid Based Med Healthc 2017;5(41):2450- 2.

Abstract: Background: Well-developed adolescents who were empowered with appropriate life skills, had a better chance of becoming healthy, responsible and productive adults, leading to better potentials for leading successful careers, and increased productivity and progress.For most of the adolescents, school is the most important setting outside the family. Students' perceptions of the school environment are associated significantly to their health and well-being.The present study aims to find out the mental health related issues among the study population and association if any with the various socio-demographic factors among the adolescents in an urban community of Kolkata, India. Materials and Methods:The current school-based descriptive study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in a randomly selected boys' school......

Keywords: Adolescents, Cross-sectional, Mental Health, School, Stress, Urban.

[1]. World Health Organization. Adolescent peer education in formal and non-formal settings - Report of an intercountry workshop Monastir, Tunisia [Internet]. Cairo; 2005 [cited 2019 Dec 27]. Available from: http://applications.emro.who.int/docs/who_em_wrh_042_e_en.pdf
[2]. Barber BK. Introduction: Adolescent Socialization in Context-the Role of Connection, Regulation, and Autonomy in the Family. J Adolesc Res [Internet]. 2016 Jul 25 [cited 2019 Dec 27]; Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0743554897121002
[3]. Health and health behaviour among young people. :134.
[4]. World Health Organization, editor. Mental health atlas 2005. Rev ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005. 540 p.
[5]. Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Lifetime Prevalence and Age-of-Onset Distributions of DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005 Jun 1;62(6):593..

Abstract: Background: For most of the adolescents, school is the most important setting outside the family. Every country and culture has children and adolescents struggling with mental health problems. Most of these young people suffer needlessly, unable to access appropriate resources for recognition, support, and treatment. Ignored, these young people are at high risk for abuse and neglect, suicide, alcohol and other drug use, school failure, violent and criminal activities, mental illness in adulthood, and health- jeopardizing impulsive behaviors.The present study aims to assess physical violence and verbal abuse committed towards the adolescents in an urban community of Kolkata, West Bengal and find out....

Keywords: Abuse,Adolescents, Cross-sectional, School, Urban, Violence..

[1]. WHO. Adolescent health [Internet]. [cited 2019 Dec 27]. Available from: https://www.who.int/westernpacific/health-topics/adolescent-health
[2]. World Health Organization. Adolescent peer education in formal and non-formal settings - Report of an intercountry workshop Monastir, Tunisia [Internet]. Cairo; 2005 [cited 2019 Dec 27]. Available from: http://applications.emro.who.int/docs/who_em_wrh_042_e_en.pdf
[3]. Barber BK. Introduction: Adolescent Socialization in Context-the Role of Connection, Regulation, and Autonomy in the Family. J Adolesc Res [Internet]. 2016 Jul 25 [cited 2019 Dec 27]; Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0743554897121002
[4]. WHO. Health and health behaviour among young people. :134.
[5]. Weltgesundheitsorganisation, editor. Mental health: new understanding, new hope. repr. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002. 178 p. (The world health report).

Abstract: Background: Conservative treatment of displaced forearm shaft fractures usually results in a poor functional outcome because of the importance of the anatomic relationship of the radius and ulna and the difficulty in obtaining and maintaining an acceptable reduction. Operative treatment thus represents the rule rather than exception in the treatment of forearm shaft fractures. The purpose of operative treatment is to achieve anatomic reduction and obtain stable fixation to allow early range of motion while healing occurs. Although the Locking compression plate (LCP) represents the latest development in plating systems, its usage in fractures with simple configuration and its superiority over conventional plating system (LC-DCP) is yet to be proved. Aims: To analyze and compare the outcomes of using the Locking compression plate(LCP) and Limited contact Dynamic compression plate(LC-DCP) for internal fixation in adult diaphyseal both bone forearm fractures in terms of fracture union and functional outcome....

Key Word: Locking compression plate (LCP), Limited contact Dynamic compression plate (LC-DCP), Criteria of Anderson et al, Quick Dash score, Compression mode.

[1]. Streubel PN, Pesantez RF. Diaphyseal fractures of the Radius and Ulna. In: Court-Brown CM, Heckman JD, Tornetta III P, Ricci WM, editors. Rockwood and Green's fractures in adults Vol. I, 8th ed. Philadephia: Wolter Kluwer;2015.p.1121-77.
[2]. Charnley J. Closed treatment of common fractures. 4th ed. Edinburgh: Livingstone;1999.p.116.
[3]. Hughston JC. Fractures of the distal radial shaft; mistakes in management. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1957 Apr;39-A(2):249-64.
[4]. Knight RA, Purvis GD. Fractures of both bones of the forearm in adults. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1949 Oct;31A(4):755-64.
[5]. Perren SM. The concept of biological plating using the Limited contact dynamic compression plate (LC-DCP).Scientific background, design and application. Injury 1991;22(1):1-41.

Abstract: Background:Dyspepsia is a common complaint in surgical practice. Dyspepsia is a symptom complex, characterized by nausea, bloating sensation, epigastric pain or discomfort, indigestion and heartburn. Alarming features include Age >50years with new onset of symptoms, Family history of malignancy, Unintended weight loss, Gastro intestinal bleeding, Iron deficiency anaemia, Progressive dysphagia. Dyspepsia associated with alarming symptoms is thought to be associated with serious gastrointestinal disease such as underlying malignancy or significant pathology like stricture or ulcer. Patients and methods: A prospective study was....

Keywords: dyspepsia, upper GI endoscopy, alarming symptoms

[1]. Ikenberry SO, Harrison ME, Lichtenstein D, Dominitz JA, Anderson MA, Jagannath SB, et al. the role of endoscopy in dyspepsia. Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2007, 66(6) 1071-1075
[2]. Ziauddin , Endoscopic findings in dyspepsia a prospective study of 200 cases J post grad Med Inst. 2003; 17 (2):235-9.
[3]. Sarwar M et al. Endoscopic assessment of dyspepsia. Pak, Armed Forces Med J.2004;54:48-50.
[4]. Khan N et al. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic assessment of patients presenting with dyspepsia. JPMI. 2007:21(3):212-6.

Abstract: Purpose - To study the clinical profile of patients of dry eye presenting to the tertiary health care centre. Methods- This was a prospective observational study that involved 100 eyes of 50 patients with dry eye complaining of burning, itching, foreign body sensation, grittiness, redness and pain,. Dry eye diagnostic tests were done in all the patients. Results-There were 19 males and 31 females and the age group taken was 30 to 75 years. 14 patients belonged to the age group of 30 to 45 years, out of which 9 were males and 5 were females. 29 patients belonged to age group of 46 to 60 years,.....

Keywords: dry eye syndrome, computer vision syndrome, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, aqueous deficiency

[1]. M. A. Lemp, C. Baudouin, J. Baum et al., "The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the definition and classification subcommittee of the international Dry Eye WorkShop," Ocular Surface, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 75–92, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
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[4]. M. Uchino, Y. Uchino, M. Dogru et al., "Dry eye disease and work productivity loss in visual display users: the Osaka study," The American Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 157, no. 2, pp. 294–300, 2014. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
[5]. J. R. Grubbs Jr., S. Tolleson-Rinehart, K. Huynh, and R. M. Davis, "A review of quality of life measures in dry eye questionnaires," Cornea, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 215–218, 2014. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus

Abstract: Purpose - to study the clinical profile of patients of vernal keratoconjunctivitis presenting to the tertiary health care centre. Methods- This was a prospective observational study that involved 100 eyes of 50 patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis complaining of itching, burning and ropy discharge. Slit lamp examinationwas done in all the patients. Results-There were 37 males and 13 females and the age group taken was 1 to 15 years. 4 patients belonged to the age group of 1 to 5 years, out of which all 4 were males. 32 patients belonged to age group of 6 to 11 years, out of which 24 were males and 8 were females. 14 patients belonged to the age group of 12 to 15 years , out of which 9 were males and 5 were....

Keywords:vernal keratoconjunctivitis, papillae, ropy discharge,psuedogerontoxon

[1]. La Rosa M, Lionetti E, Reibaldi M, Russo A, Longo A, et al. (2013) Allergic conjunctivitis: a comprehensive review of the literature. Italian Journal of Pediatrics 39: 18 10.1186/1824-7288-39-18 [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
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Abstract: Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (SGS) or Marfanoid-craniosynostosis syndrome is a rare disorder of connective tissue characterized by the presence of craniofacial disorder, marfanoid features and cardiac anomalies. Delay in developmental milestones and intellectual diasability are also commonly seen. The syndrome was first described by Sugarman and Vogel in 1981 and since then fewer than fifty cases have been reported in the medical literature worldwide. The syndrome shows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance and is caused by the mutation in SKI gene which is important in cell growth and development. Presenting a case of five year old boy with a known history of Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome having unusual finding like absence of uvula and other abnormal facial features. Giving the importance that there is little evidence about this syndrome in the medical literature, this case report serves to create awareness about this rare condition.....

Keywords: craniosynostosis, marfanoidfeatures,Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome

[1]. Sankalp Y, Gautam R. Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome: a rare disorder. The Pan African Medical Journal. 2016;23.
[2]. Bari A, Sadaqat N, Nawaz N, Bano I. Shprintzen-Goldberg Syndrome: A Rare Disorder. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan: JCPSP. 2019 Jun;29(6):S41-2.
[3]. Ingle SY, Shah P, Karande P. A rare case of Shprintzen Goldberg syndrome. JOURNAL OF EVOLUTION OF MEDICAL AND DENTAL SCIENCES-JEMDS. 2016 Mar 3;5(18):914-6.
[4]. Waterlow JC. Classification and definition of protein-calorie malnutrition. British medical journal. 1972 Sep 2;3(5826):566.
[5]. Topouzelis N, Markovitsi E, Antoniades K. Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome: case report. The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal. 2003 Jul;40(4):433-6.

Abstract: Xerostomia is defined as the subjective sensation of dry mouth. Because it affects various systemic functions, it becomes relevant to research the therapeutic possibilities so that appropriate treatment can be indicated. Thus, this study aims to discuss the therapeutic possibilities for xerostomia treatment and analyze the most studied in clinical trials conducted worldwide. This descriptive exploratory study was conducted through a data analysis of clinical trials conducted worldwide for the treatment of xerostomia registered in the online platform "clinicaltrials.gov". The research was conducted during May 2019. Initially, 234 studies were identified, of which 97 corresponded to interventional...

Keywords: Clinical Studies, Treatment, Xerostomia

[1]. FURNESS, S. et al. Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 12, 2011, 2-7.
[2]. BROCHADO, J. I. V. Xerostomia e produção de saliva artificial na doença oncológica. 2014. 79f. Dissertação (Grau de Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas) - Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Porto, 2014.
[3]. GHAZZAOUI, S. F. et al. Acupuntura para xerostomia e hipofluxo salivar: revisão de literatura. Rev. bras. odontol., 73(4), 2016, 340-343.
[4]. BURCI, L. M. et al. Patentability potential of natural products for xerostomia treatment. Braz. dent. sci, 19(1), 2016, 4-12.
[5]. DOST, F.; FARAH, C. S. Stimulating the discussion on saliva substitutes: a clinical perspective. Aust Dent J., 58(1), 2013, 11-17. [6]. HAN, P.; SUAREZ-DURALL, P.; MULLIGAN, R. D. M. Dry mouth: a critical topic for older adult patients. J Prosthodont Res., 59(1), 2015, 6-19..

Abstract: Inhalation of Pesticides mixtures over a levy period of time leads to proliferation and fibrotic changes in the lungs. Early recognition of this damage provides an important clue to insure good health. Spirometry is an invaluable screening test to identify the patient with airflow obstruction. The study has been conducted on 100 farmers who are using pesticide mixtures for farming (cases) and 100 farmers who are not using the pesticides and doing doing organic farming between 20-50 years of age. The pulmonary function tests like FEV1 and PEFR measured by the computerized spirometer (MED-Sprior) showed a highly significant decline in the farmers using the pesticide mixtures. Different pesticide mixtures were associated with flu, thoracic pain allergic rhinitis and obstructive pattern in spirometry. The cause of better preserved lung function especially the flow valumes in the farmers not using any pesticide mixtures and doing organic farming is due to lesser exposure to the irritants and toxic effects of the pesticide mixtures so chronic exposure to the pesticide mixtures is associated with chronic bronchitis and reduced lung functions.

Keywords: Pesticide mixtures, organic farming, FEV1, PEFR obstructive pattern, asthma.

[1]. Gonzalez N, Diaz SL , Wiches MR, Franky MP, Mendez AC, Herrera ADR: Spirometry in a populations of coal miners in paipa, Colombia, Biomedica 2017 Dec 1;37 (4):498-506.
[2]. Musafiri S, Van Meerbeeck JP, Musango L, Derom E, Brusselle G, Joos G, Rutayisire C; Siprometric Reference values for an east African Population, Respiration 2013; 85(4);297-304.
[3]. Aggarwal AN, Gupta D, Jindal Sk: Comparison of Indian reference Equations for respiratory interpretation, Respirology, 2007 Sep;12(5): 763-8.
[4]. Mberikunashe J, Banda S, Chandambuka A, Gombe NT, Shambira G, Tshimanga M, Matchaba-Hove R: Prevalence and risk factors for obstruction Respiratory conditions among textile industy workers in zinbabwe,2006, Pan Air Med J.2010 Jul 17;6:1.
[5]. Anyfantis ID, Rachiotis G, Hadjichristodoulou C, Gourgoulianis KI: Respiratory Symptoms and lung function among Greek cotton industry workers : A cross sectional study , Int J OCCU Environ Med.2017 Jan ; 8(1):32-38..

Abstract: Aim: To compare the clinical effectiveness of chlorhexidine gel and ozonated oil in the treatment of plaque induced gingivitis patients. Methods: A total of 20 subjects aged from 16 to 65 years suffering from plaque induced gingivitis were selected for this study. Subjects were randomly divided into group I (control) and group II (test) with 10 subjects in each group. Subjects were advised to apply chlorhexidine gel/ ozonated oil twice daily onto buccal and lingual surfaces of marginal gingiva for 3 weeks. PI, GI and BI was assessed at baseline, 7th, 14th and 21st day. Results: PI, GI and BI in group I and group II showed statistically significant reduction from baseline to 21st day, whereas there was no statistically significant difference between the groups from baseline to 21st day. Conclusion: Gingival application of ozonated oil can be an effective alternative to chlorhexidine gel to combat plaque induced gingivitis.

Keywords: Plaque induced gingivitis, ozonated oil, chlorhexidine gel. Abbreviations: PI- plaque index; GI- gingival index; BI – bleeding index

[1]. Indhurkar MS, Verma R . Effect of ozonated oil and chlorhexidine gel on plaque induced gingivitis: A randomized control clinical trial. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2016;20:32-5.
[2]. Shrikanth A,Sathish M,Venkatanaga H. Application of ozone in the treatment of periodontal disease.J Pharm Bioall Sci 2013;5:89-94.
[3]. Gupta M, Abhishek ..Ozone: An emerging prospect in dentistry. Indian J Dent Sci. 2012;1:47–50.
[4]. Kandwal A, Mamgain RK, Mamgain P. Comparative evaluation of turmeric gel with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate gel for treatmentof plaque induced gingivitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Ayu.2015;36:145-50.
[5]. Iliadis D, Millar BJ. Ozone and its use in periodontal treatment. Journal of Stomatology.2013;3:197-202

Abstract: Abdominal pain is a common occurrence and may vary from subtle pain to very agonizing pain due to variety of causes, some of which may be life threatening.Here in this case report, we report a case of abdominal pain in a young otherwise healthy lady, with no co-morbid association, non smoker, non alcoholic. Her pain rapidly increased with associated symptoms leading to diagnosis of peritonitis and only significant factor found was that patient was on oral contraceptive pills from last 4 years. Later investigations and imaging techniques revealed SUPERIOR MESENTERIC VEIN thrombosis for which available tests were done and patient was put on anticoagulants, but her general condition rapidly deteriorated not giving a chance for exploration and finally patient collapsed....

Keywords: SMVT,OCP,Prothrombotic states, APS(antiphospholipid syndrome).

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