iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2021

Abstract: Uterine cervix cancer accounted for 6.5 % of cancer in women globally with 9.4% in India in 2020. Cervical cytology plays a significant role in cervical cancer screening program. Conventional Pap smear (CPS) and Liquid Based Cytology (LBC) are two methods available now. Liquid based preparations provide even distribution of cells, reduction in mucus, blood, and inflammatory cells and, effective fixation. In some settings, LBC has replaced the CPS, offering practical advantage. The current studied was conducted to assess the utility of LBC in settings of a private laboratory in India. This prospective one year study was conducted on 393 patients referred for cervical cytological examination with their related complaints by Obstetricians and Gynecologist of variousy.......

Keywords: Cervical cancer, Conventional Pap smear, Liquid based cytology

[1]. GLOBOCAN 2020: New Global Cancer Data | UICC(cited 2021 June 6) from https://www.uicc.org/news/globocan-2020-new-global-cancer-data
[2]. 356-india-fact-sheets.pdf (iarc.fr)(cited 2021 June 6) from https://gco.iarc.fr/.../factsheets/populations/356-india-fact-sheets.pdf
[3]. Papanicolaou GN. Introduction of Pap smear in early detection of cervical malignancies. Am J Clin Path 1940; 19: 301-8.
[4]. Strander B, Andersson-Ellström A, Milsom I, Rådberg T, Ryd W. Liquid-based cytology versus conventional Papanicolaou smear in an organized screening program : a prospective randomized study. Cancer. 2007 Oct 25;111(5):285-91. doi: 10.1002/cncr.22953. PMID: 17724676.
[5]. Kirschner B, Simonsen K, Junge J. Comparison of conventional Papanicolaou smear and SurePath liquid-based cytology in the Copenhagen population screening programme for cervical cancer. Cytopathology. 2006;17:187–194

Abstract: Résumé : L'emphysème sous-cutané, traduit la fuite d'air, souvent depuis le médiastin, vers les tissus sous-cutanés, situé fréquemmentau niveau du cou et de la région thoracique supérieure. L'association à l'emphysème épidural, au pneumo péricarde et/ou au pneumopéritoine est exceptionnelle. C'est une pathologie généralement bénigne qui nécessite généralement une surveillance clinique stricte avec un traitement symptomatique, mais parfois elle peut être grave par compression des structures cervicales et médiatisnales et de ce fait engageant.......

Keywords: diffuse spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema, Pneumo mediastinum, pneumothorax, pneumo pericardium, Pneumoperitoneum, pneumo rachis, very rare association

[1]. M. Rkain, A. Es Seddiki, A. El Ouali, R. Amrani, N. Benajiba (2015). Emphysème sous-cutané spontané associé à un pneumomédiastin et à un pneumopéricarde : à propos d'une nouvelle observation. Journal de Réadaptation Médicale : Pratique et Formation En Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, 36(2), 136–139.
[2]. Maunder RJ, Pierson DJ, Hudson LD. Subcutaneous emphysema. Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Arch Intern Med 1984;144:1447–53.
[3]. Mathieu E. Emphysème thoracique sous-cutané: Du symptôme à la prescription en médecine générale. Paris: Elsevier Masson; 2009: 431–5.
[4]. F. Hmami, A. Oulmaati, M. Boubou, M. Chakib Benjelloun, M. Hida, A. Bouharrou(2015). Emphysème sous-cutané massif, pneumomédiastin, pneumopéricarde, pneumorachis et pneumorétropéritoine révélant une inhalation méconnue d'un corps étranger. Archives de Pédiatrie, 2015, 22(9), 978–981.
[5]. Damore DT, Dayan PS. Medical causes of pneumomediastinum in children. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2001;40:87–91.

Abstract: Background: Normal labour continues to be an obstetrical enigma. It is a test of time for the mother, the fetus and the obstetrician. The primary purpose of the fetal surveillance is to detect fetal hypoxia and acidosis which are the common causes of fetal death and to possibly avoid perinatal morbidity and mortality. antepartum surveillance with NST reduced the perinatal mortality in the tested population of high risk pregnant patients. The stillbirth rate in tested population was twice as low in non-tested population. An Early Amniotomy (EA) in the latent phase of the labour, a procedure first introduced by O'Driscoll et al in 1969 as a component of the active management of labour......

Keywords: NST, High risk group, Low risk group, Early amniotomy

[1]. WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, The World Bank, and the United Nations Population Division. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2015. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2015
[2]. D. Neonatal Care in India: Raising a generation by raising awareness[Online] 2010 Jan 5[cited 2012 Jan 4]. Available from URL:http://www.thebetterindia.com/1107/
[3]. Arulkumaran S, Damania K, Daftary S. Arias' Practical Guide to High Risk Pregnancy and Delivery. 4th ed. Manesar: Elsevier; 1984.p.118-119
[4]. Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Hauth JC, Rouse DJ, Spong CY, In: Williams Obstetrics. 24th edi. New York: The McGraw Hill companies; 2014: p375-376
[5]. Dutta D, Konar H. DC Dutta's textbook of obstetrics including perinatology and contraception 7th ed .jaypee brothers 2011.p.108
[6]. O'Driscoll K, Jackson RJA, Gallagher JT. Prevention of Prolonged Labour. Br Med J. 1969 May 24;2(5655):477–80.

Abstract: Hernia repairs, both inguinal and ventral/incisional, are some of the most common surgeries performed in the world. Over the last 5 years, the field of hernia surgery has had a significant transformation thanks to many new and innovative surgical techniques as well as an exponential growth in mesh and mesh technology. Increased focus on hernia surgery has led to improved research and outcomes data and has provided strategies to treat both simple and complex hernias. Secondary to the increased complexity of patients and new techniques and mesh products available, there has been a renewed interest in hernia surgery amongst the general and plastic surgery community Inguinal hernia was repaired laparoscopically soon after the establishment of laparoscopic cholecystec-tomy as gold standard for.....

[1]. Liem MSL, van der Graaf Y and van Steensel CJ. Comparison of conventional anterior surgery and laparoscopic surgery for ingui-nal -hernia repair. N Eng J Med1997;336:1541-1547.
[2]. Stoker DL, Spiegelhalter DJ, Singh R and Wellwood JM. Laparoscopic versus open inguinal hernia repair. Randomized prospective trial. Lancet 1994;343:1243-1245.
[3]. Grant A. Laparoscopic compared with open methods of inguinalhernia repair: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Br J Surg 2000;87:860-867.
[4]. Rutkow IM, Robbins AW. Demographic, classificatory, and socioeconomic aspects of hernia repair in the United States. Surg ClinNorth Am. 1993;73:413– 26.
[5]. Hair A, Paterson C, Wright D, Baxter JN, O'Dwyer PJ. What effect does the duration of an inguinal hernia have on patient symp-toms? J Am Coll Surg. 2001;193:125–9.

Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disease with adverse effects on various systems including skin. Cutaneous manifestations among diabetes may correlate with diabetic control, duration and other complications. This study was undertaken to educate and raise awareness in patients to prevent long term complications by early diagnosis. Aims: To study and compare cutaneous manifestations in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus and Non-diabetic patients presenting to the outpatient and inpatient department of Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur. Methods: The study was conducted at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India, over a period from January......

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Cutaneous markers, Dermatoses

[1]. Girisha BS, Viswanathan N. Comparison of cutaneous manifestations of diabetic with nondiabetic patients: A case-control study. ClinDermatol Rev 2017;1:9-14.
[2]. Nigam P K, Pande S. Pattern of dermatoses in diabetics. Indian J DermatolVenereolLeprol 2003;69:83-5
[3]. Sicree R, Shaw J, Zimmet P; Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. In: Gan D, editor. Diabetes atlas. International Diabetes Federation. 5 th ed. Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2011; 15-103.
[4]. American diabetes association,diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus, diabetes care, volume32, supplement 1, january2009.
[5]. Rook's textbook of dermatology, ninth edition.skin disorders in diabetes mellitus.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION - stiffness of the elbow joint after trauma is a well recognised disabling entity interfering with daily life activities. Causes of the condition can be intrinsic like a sequelae of intra articular fractures such as cartilage damage, articular incongruity and adhesions; extrinsic causes can be as a result of contracture of capsule or collateral ligaments , extra articular maluniouns and heterotrophic ossification. Treatment of the stiffness of the elbow though a well understood entity is a challenging aspect with equivocal results. Various non operative measures like static progressive and dynamic elbow splinting are tried initially. Operative intervention can be tried when conservative treatment fails or in elbows with functional arc of less than 100 degrees. Open contracture release.....

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Abstract: Aim: This study Compares the efficacy of three Ni-Ti retreatment file systems and determines which retreatment file requires less time in removal of previous root filling material. Methodology: Sixty single rooted anterior teeth were instrumented with K-files and filled using lateral compaction of gutta percha (GP) and AH plus sealer. The obturated specimens were randomly divide into 4 experimental groups of 15 specimens each. Removal of gutta-percha was performed with following devices and techniques: Pro Taper Universal Retreatment system (PTUR) files , R endo and EdgeEndo XR retreatment files and H-file respectively. Operating time to reach working length and to eliminate filling material was also recorded. Post-operatively Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) was used to assess the percentage of residual filling material in coronal, middle and apical third of root canal. The results were evaluated statistically using One Way Anova and Post Hoc Tukey tests..........

Keywords: Ni-Ti instruments, CBCT, EdgeFileXR, PTUR files, R endo, H-files.

[1]. Hulsmann M, Bluhm V. Efficacy, cleaning ability and safety of different rotary NiTi instruments in root canal retreatment. Int Endod J 2004; 37: 468-76.
[2]. Capar ID, Arslan H, Ertas H, Gök T, Saygılh G. Compare the effectiveness of ProTaper Universal retreatment instruments with continuous rotation and adaptive motion (a modified reciprocating motion that combines rotational and reciprocating motion) in the removal of filling material. Int Endod J. 2015 Jan;48(1):79-83.
[3]. Marfisi K, Mercade M, Plotino G, Sindreu D, Bueno R, Roig M. Efficacy of three different rotary files to remove gutta-percha and resilon from root canals. Int.Endod J 2010;43:1022-1028.
[4]. Tabassum S and Khan FR . Failure of endodontic treatment: The usual suspects Eur J Dent. 2016 Jan-Mar; 10(1): 144–147.
[5]. Saad AY, Al-Hadlaq SM, Al-Katheeri NH. Efficacy of two rotary- NiTi instruments in the removal of gutta-percha during root canal re- treatment. J Endod. 2007;33:38-41.

Abstract: Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign but locally aggressive lesion that may be located in joints, tendon sheaths, or bursae. These accounts for about 75 percent of cases. Other joints of the extremities have been reported, but with a lower incidence. The etiology of PVNS is controversial. Here we are reporting a case of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the wrist and its recurrence after excision surgery, which is common, sometimes leading to arthrodesis, arthroplasty and even radiation therapy. First approach is conservative surgical treatment with total synovectomy. The sensitivity of MRI permits early detection of the process and may obviate the need for radical management options in PVNS.

[1]. Breimer, C.W; and Freiberger, R. H.: Bone Lesions Associated with Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis. Am. J. Roentgenol. Rad. Ther. Nuc. Med., 79:618-629, 1958.
[2]. Byers, P.D.; Cotton, R. E.; Deacon, O.W.; Lowy, M.; Newman, PRH.; Sissous, H.; and Thomson, A.D.; Diagnosis and Treatment of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis. J. Bone and Joint Surg 50B: 290-305, 1968.
[3]. Crawford, G. R; and Offerman, R.J.: Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis in the Hand. Hand, 12(3):282-287, October, 1980.
[4]. Jones, F.E.; Soule, E.H.; and Coventry, M.D.: Fibrous Xanthoma of Synovium. A Study of 118 Cases. J. Bone and Joint Surg. 51A: 76-86, 1969.
[5]. Moynaugh, RD.; and Lettin, A.W.: Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Wrist Joint. Proc-R-Soc.-Med., 61(7):670-672, July, 1968.

Abstract: Aims: This study was aimed to measure and evaluate the C-reactive protein in diagnosed cases of COVID-19 Patients. Study design: An observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Sheikh Bhikhari Medical College and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, between 28th March 2021 and 27th April 2021. Methodology: We included 238 patients (140 men, 98 women; age range 18-99 years) with documented COVID-19 were reviewed.The subjects were divided into two group severe and non-severe COVID-19. The details were recorded on a pre-structured performa. Between group, differences were tested using the Mann-Whitney's U-test. The receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted for C-reactive protein with severity. A binary logistic regression was used to identify variables independently associated with severity. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)......

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