iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2021

Abstract: Introduction : Morbidly adherent placenta is the condition when there is an abnormal invasion of the placenta into the uterine wall. Morbid adhesion of placenta is associated with severe morbidity as it often requires increased operative intervention Objective: to evaluate the incidence,demographic profile, associated risk factors, feto-maternal outcome and management options so that this life threatening condition can be anticipated and dealt properly at the time of delivery.......

Keywords: Pregnancy,Female,Incidence,Tertiary Care Centers,Placenta, Morbidity

[1]. Pinas-Carrillo A, Chandraharan E. Management of morbidly adherent placenta. Obstet Gynaecol Reproduc Med. 2016;26(10):283-90
[2]. Wu S, Kocherginsky M, Hibbard JU. Abnormal placentation: twenty year analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecoll. 2005:192:1458-61.
[3]. Caesarean section in cases of placenta praevia and accreta.Palacios-Jaraquemada JM,Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2013 Apr; 27(2):221-32
[4]. Caesarean section in cases of placenta praevia and accreta.Palacios-Jaraquemada JM,Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2013 Apr; 27(2):221-32.
[5]. Jagielska I, Kazdepka-Ziemińska A, Tyloch M, et al. Clinical study of perinatal hysterectomy between 2000-2011 in the clinic of obstetrics, gynecological diseases and oncological gynecology in Bydgoszcz. Ginekol Pol. 2014;85(3):192–196. doi: 10.17772/gp/1712. [PubMed] [CrossRef]

Abstract: Background- To study the ABO blood group discrepancy in patient healthy voluntary blood donors at SMS medical college jaipur Methods- This is an observational, descriptive study of ABO blood group discrepancy in patients requiring blood transfusion and healthy donors at Department of immunohaematology and transfusion medicine SMS medical college, Jaipur from 1st august 2019 to 30 march 2020 till the designed sample size is achieved after approval from institutional ethical.......

Keywords: ABO, Discrepancies, RH.

[1]. Dr. R.N.Makroo. ABO Blood group system. Compendium of Transfusion Medicine. 1st edition. New Delhi, Alps Printers. 1999: 28-32.
[2]. Olsson M L et al. Genomic analysis of clinical samples with serologicABO blood grouping discrepancies.Blood2001;98(5):1585-1593.
[3]. Chiaroni J, Legrand D, DettoriI, Ferrera V. Analysis of ABO discrepancies occurring in 35 French hospitals. Transfusion 2004;44(6):860-4.
[4]. Cho d et al. Chimerism and mosaicism are the important causes of ABO phenotype and genotype discrepancies.Immunohematology2006;22(4):183-7.
[5]. Priscilla I. Figueroa, Nearly Two Decades Using the Check-Type to Prevent ABO-Incompatible Transfusions. Am JPathol:2006;126:422-426.

Abstract: Background- To study the ABO blood group discrepancy in patients at SMS medical college jaipur Methods- This is an observational, descriptive study of ABO blood group discrepancy in patients requiring blood transfusion and healthy donors at Department of immunohaematology and transfusion medicine SMS medical college, Jaipur from 1st august 2019 to 30 march 2020 till the designed sample size is achieved after approval from institutional ethical committee and research review board. Results-During the period of study maximum discrepancies were obtained in the month of January (8 out of 35). Conclusion- The study on analysis of ABO discrepancies showed the incidence in donor population as 35 out of 38511 (0.09%).

Keywords: ABO, Discrepancies, RH, Disease

[1]. Dr. R.N.Makroo. ABO Blood group system. Compendium of Transfusion Medicine. 1st edition. New Delhi, Alps Printers. 1999: 28-32.
[2]. Olsson M L et al. Genomic analysis of clinical samples with serologicABO blood grouping discrepancies.Blood2001;98(5):1585-1593.
[3]. Chiaroni J, Legrand D, DettoriI, Ferrera V. Analysis of ABO discrepancies occurring in 35 French hospitals. Transfusion 2004;44(6):860-4.
[4]. Cho d et al. Chimerism and mosaicism are the important causes of ABO phenotype and genotype discrepancies.Immunohematology2006;22(4):183-7.
[5]. Walter J. Linz and Robert T Curie. ABO discrepancy: reverse type. Transfusion J. 2007 (47):1-3.

Abstract: Background- To study ABO discrepancies observed in healthy voluntary blood donors and patient requiring blood transfusion using serological workup at SMS hospital jaipur. Methods- This is an observational, descriptive study of ABO blood group discrepancy in patients requiring blood transfusion and healthy donors at Department of immunohaematology and transfusion medicine SMS medical college, Jaipur from 1st august 2019 to 30 march 2020 till the designed sample size is achieved after approval from institutional ethical committee and research review......

Keywords: ABO, Discrepancies, RH, Disease

[1]. M.H.Kim et al. Analysis of ABO discrepancy(82 cases).1991 11(2):Korean:493-499.
[2]. BeenuThakral, Karan Saluja, MeenuBajpai, Ratti Ram Sharma, NeelamMarwaha. Importance of Weak ABO Subgroups in Indian population. Laboratory Medicine.2005;36(1):32-34.
[3]. H.M. BhatiaandMalti. S. Sathe. Incidence of 'Bombay' (Oh) Phenotypeand Weaker Variants of A and B Antigen in Bombay (India). VoxSanguinis. 2009(27):524-532.
[4]. Technical manual of the American Association of BloodBanks.16thedition;Arlington.virginia,AABB,2000: 32

Abstract: Background: Placental abruption is defined as the complete or partial separation of the placenta before delivery is one of the leading causes of vaginal bleeding in the second half of pregnancy. Approximately 10% of all preterm births and up to one third of all perinatal deaths are caused by placental abruption. The present study was planned to review the problem of abruption placentae as it presents clinically and to study the clinicopathological correlation as it relates to the maternal and perinatal outcome.
Materials & Methods: Study.......

Keywords: Abruptio placentae, Maternal and perinatal outcome, clinical profile.

[1]. Ananth CV, Savitz DA, Bowes WA Jr et al: Influence of hypertensive disorders and cigarette smoking on placental abruption and uterine bleeding during pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynecol 1997 ;104:103 .
[2]. Oyelese Y, Ananth CV. Placental abruption. Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 108(4):1005–16.
[3]. Blair RG. Abruption of the placenta. A review of 189 cases occurring between 1965 and 1969. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 1973; 80:242-245.
[4]. Williams MA, Lieberman E, Mittendorf R, Monson RR, Schoenbaum SC (1991) Risk factors for abruptio placentae. Am J Epidemiol 134: 965–972

Abstract: Aims: To study the uncommon presentations of common tumours at uncommon sites in the department of paediatric surgery, Coimbatore medical college hospital Materials: Prospective study for one year from 2016 to 2017.The mode of presentation, clinical features, treatment and follow up were noted in these cases. Results: There were three cases in this series. One 3year old female child presented with florid grape like lesions in the vagina and urinary retention owing to the tumour pressure on the bladder had elevated Serum AFP level, MRI revealed extensive pelvic sidewall infiltrate and histopathology revealed an extragonadal yolk sac tumour of vagina......

Key words; Yolk sac tumour, Wilms tumour, Rhabdomyosarcoma

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Abstract: Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome encompasses several neurological disorders including paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) caused by an immune-mediated mechanism in patients with an underlying malignancy. We report a case of a 47 year old female paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with breast carcinoma. She presented with Symmetrical progressive chronic limb and gait ataxia of cerebellar type. Relevant investigations including genetic analysis to exclude primary cerebellar pathology were done which didnt give any clue. Systemic examination revealed hard right breast mass which was subsequently confirmed as breast carcinoma and paraneoplastic cerebellar dysfunction was confirmed by positive anti–yo antibodies in the serum. So its important to include to paraneoplastic cerebellar dysfuntion as an important differential diagnosis in subacute to chronic cerebellar dysfuntion......

[1]. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated with breast cancer: A case report and review of the literatureMol Clin Oncol. 2018 Aug; 9(2): 163–167.
[2]. Published online 2018 May 25. doi: 10.3892/mco.2018.1638Lanyun Yan,1,* Xin Dong,1,* Huan Xu,1 Jingjing Huang,2 Wei Wang,1 Lin Huang,1 Qi Wan,1
[3]. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated with serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary Duaa B Saeed and Limci Gupta
[4]. BMJ Case Rep. 2014; 2014: bcr2014206377.
[5]. Published online 2014 Nov 28. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2014-206377

Abstract: A 5 year old female child presented with multiple brief (10-15 sec) frightening episodes 5 months duration without any impairment of consciousness or other stigmata of seizures. Her neurologic and psychiatric examination were normal. EEG was found to be normal. MRI revealed T2 and FLAIR hyperintensities in posterior pons, mid brain, bilateral cerebral peduncles, medial thalami, b/l caudate nuclei and left optic tract. No enhancement on contrast was noted. CSF analysis was found to be normal. The anatomical distribution of lesions allowed us to hypothesise that the frightening episodes are due to unreal visual hallucinations which are due to ARAS dysfunction leading to release phenomena. She was treated with IV steroids and has shown remarkable improvement......

Key Words: Frightening episodes, brain stem hyperintensities, visual hallucinations, ARAS.

[1]. Visual Hallucinations and Pontine Demyelination in a Child: Possible REM Dissociation? J Clin Sleep Med. 2008 Dec 15; 4(6): 588–590
[2]. Peduncular hallucinosis : an unusual sequelae of medulloblastoma surgery. Kumar R, Kaur A Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurology India , Year : 2000 | Volume : 48 | Issue : 2 | Page : 183-5
[3]. A case of peduncular hallucinosis presenting as a primary psychiatric disorderVasfiye Burcu Dogan, Ayten Dirican, Ayhan Koksal, and Sevim Baybas Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2013 Oct-Dec; 16(4): 684–686. doi: 10.4103/0972-2327.120469
[4]. Peduncular Hallucinosis: An Unusual Case of Visual Hallucination in a Delirious Patient ,Krishnendu Ghosha, b, Guitelle St. Victor,Journal of medical cases, Volume 4, Number 3, March 2013, pages 176-178.
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Abstract: Background: There are variations in the global, regional and local distributions of the histopathological types of brain tumour. A national brain cancer registry is necessary to document various types of brain tumours seen in various individual centres that deal with the management of brain tumours. This study aims to provide information about the various types of brain tumours presenting to our facilities.
Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study of all consecutive patients with brain tumour presenting to the Jos University Teaching Hospital and who had surgical excision of the tumour either partly or as a whole between January 2012 and December......

Key words: Brain tumours, Histopathology, Jos, meningiomas, gliomas

[1]. Bell JS, Koffie RM, Rattani A, Dewan MC, Baticulon RE, Qureshi MM, et al. Global incidence of brain and spinal tumors by geographic region and income level based on cancer registry data. J Clin Neurosci [Internet]. 2019;66:121–7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2019.05.003
[2]. Patel AP, Fisher JL, Nichols E, Abd-Allah F, Abdela J, Abdelalim A, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of brain and other CNS cancer, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 2019;18(4):376–93.
[3]. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. Vol. 71, CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 2021. p. 209–49.
[4]. McKinney PA. Brain tumours: Incidence, survival, and aetiology. Neurol Pract. 2004;75(2):12–7.
[5]. Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Cavenee WK, Burger PC, Jouvet A, et al. The 2007 WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol. 2007;114(2):97–109.

Abstract: Aim: This study was aimed to measure serum ferritin and correlate it with HRCT score in diagnosed cases of COVID-19 patients with pneumonia. Study Design: An observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Sheikh Bhikhari Medical College and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, between 28th April 2021 and 27th May 2021. Methodology: We included 126 patients (74 men, 42 women; age range 18-99 years) with documented COVID-19 were reviewed. All patients underwent RT-PCR tests and had a non-contrast HRCT scan done at presentation. Estimation of serum ferritin was analyzed by using chemiluminescence method. The subjects were......

Keyword: COVID-19, Serum ferritin, HRCT score, Correlation

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[3]. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al.: Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020, 395:1054-1062. 10.1016/S0140- 6736(20)30566-3.
[4]. Wessling -Resnick M: Crossing the iron gate: why and how transferrin receptors mediate viral entry. Annu Rev Nutr. 2018, 38:431-458. 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051749.
[5]. V. M. Corman, O. Landt, M. Kaiser et al., "Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR," Eurosurveillance, vol. 25, no. 3, 2020.

Abstract: Ocular Trauma is common in an agricultural & industrial area like Kancheepuram. One of the most common presentation of ocular trauma is traumatic cataract . It remains a significant cause of visual disability in the productive age group. Aim: To analyse the incidence of traumatic cataract in various age groups, the nature and characteristics of trauma in traumatic cataract, the operative and post operative complications, and to assess the visual prognosis of traumatic cataract Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried on 100 patients who had traumatic cataract and diminished vision. Complete.....

Key Word: Cataract, Trauma, Phacoemulsification, Subluxation.

[1]. Clinical Anatomy of the Eye - Richard S. Snell, Second edition(2): 2-14
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[5]. American Academy of Ophthalmology - Lens and cataract 2009-2010, Section 11.(5):53-58 [6]. Ashok Garg - Instant Clinical Diagnosis in Ophthalmology

Abstract: Obesity is an increasing worldwide health problem, which linked to many health consequences as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and male infertility. Obesity is associated with low testosterone levels in men. Several mechanisms are involved in decreasing testosterone levels in obese men such as dyslipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress and low adiponectin levels. Adiponectin, an adipokine secreted from adipose tissue and its level is decreased in obese subjects. It may play a role in decreasing testosterone levels in obese subjects. This review article, discusses causes of low testosterone levels associated with obesity, causes of decreased adiponectin levels in obesity and its association to testosterone.

Key Word: Obesity; testosterone; adiponectin

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Abstract: Background: The central corneal thickness is a sensitive indicator of health of cornea and serves as an index for corneal hydration and metabolism. It is also important indicator of health of cornea and serves as an index for corneal hydration and metabolism. Aim & Objective: Aim of this study is to find the impact of diabetes mellitus on central corneal thickness in relation to the duration of the disease and glycaemic control in patients presenting to MBS Hospital, Kota. MATERIAL & METHODS: - Observational.......

Keyword: Diabetes mellitus, Central corneal thickness, Anterior segment OCT

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[4]. Kotecha A, Oddone F, Sinapis C, Elsheikh A, Sinapsis D, Sinapsis A, Garway-Heath DF. Corneal biomechanical characteristics in patients with diabetes mellitus. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2010;36:1822–8.
[5]. L Longanesi, GMCavallini andRToni, Quantitative clinical anatomy of human cornea in vivo. A morphometric study by pachymetry and computer assisted topographic videokeratoscopy, ActaAnat 157,1996

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