iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2023

Abstract: Mitral stenosis is a common disease that causes substantial morbidity worldwide. The disease is most prevalent in developing countries like India, but is increasingly being identified in an atypical form in developed countries.(1) Mitral valve is affected by various pathologies with Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) being quite common in developing countries. Echocardiography has evolved as the most predominant diagnostic imaging technique in Cardiology. Over the last 5 decades the diagnostic capability of echocardiography has increased dramatically from M-mode to two-dimensional imaging(2). Restricted leaflet motion,chordal fusion, leaflet thickening, calcification, and commissural fusion, are few.......

[1]. ChandrashekharY,Westaby S,Narula J,Mitral stenosis, TheLancet,2009;Volume-374, Pp:
[2]. 1271-1283.
[3]. Carapetis J.et al, Rheumatic heart disease in developing countries, N Engl J Med, 2007;Pp:439–441.
[4]. Remenyi B, WilsonN, Andrew S, et al, World Heart Federation criteria for echocardiographic diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease, Nature research J, 2012;Pp:297309 . 4. Stephen Z , Pamela S, Gordon P, Douglas K , Patricia C. and Warren J, Prevalence and outcome of subclinical rheumatic heart disease, JACC,1996; Vol-19, Pp:56-59.

Abstract: Background: Caries teeth are a well-recognized source of pain and discomfort, and when it strikes, toothache is distressing for the child and is disruptive for other family members. Therefore, the prevention of caries in children and adolescents is considered as a priority and cost-effective than its treatment. Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of using Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and Sodium Fluoride gel 2% on the color change of the white spot lesions of the primary teeth. Materials and Methods: A total of thirty-nine freshly extracted, primary anterior were used in this study and were divided into three groups, thirteen......

Keywords: Er,Cr:YSGG Laser

[1]. Vashisht, R., Indira, R., Ramachandran, S., Kumar, A., & Srinivasan, M. R. (2013). Role of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate in remineralization of white spot lesions and inhibition of Streptococcus mutans?. Journal of conservative dentistry: JCD, 16(4), 342.
[2]. Roopa, K. B., Pathak, S., Poornima, P., & Neena, I. E. (2015). White spot lesions: A literature review. J Pediatr Dent, 3(1), 1-7.
[3]. Asl-Aminabadi, N., Najafpour, E., Samiei, M., Erfanparast, L., Anoush, S., Jamali, Z.,... & Ghertasi-Oskouei, S. (2015). Laser-Casein phosphopeptide effect on remineralization of early enamel lesions in primary teeth. Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry, 7(2), e261.
[4]. Assarzadeh, H., Karrabi, M., Fekrazad, R., & Tabarraei, Y. (2021). Effect of Er: YAG Laser Irradiation and Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride Therapy on Re-Mineralization of White Spot Lesions. Journal of Dentistry, 22(3), 153.
[5]. Ghelejkhani, A., Nadalizadeh, S., & Rajabi, M. (2021). Effect of casein- phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate and fluoride with/without erbium, chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet laser irradiation on enamel microhardness of permanent teeth. Dental Research Journal, 18

Abstract: Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most common laparoscopic surgery performed in the world. The traditional treatment (initial) of acute calculus cholecystitis includes bowel rest, intravenous hydration, correction of electrolyte abnormalities, analgesia, and intravenous antibiotics. Following this treatment, patients with uncomplicated disease are managed on outpatient basis and are called for laparoscopic cholecystectomy after a period of 6–8 weeks. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is avoided for acute cholecystitis due to concerns about the potential hazards of complications, especially common bile duct injury and a high conversion rate to open cholecystectomy..

[1]. Gerard J, Luu MB, Poirier J, et al Acute cholecystitis: comparing clinical outcomes with TG13 severity and intended laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy in difficult operative cases. Surgical Endoscopy; (2018): 32, (9): 3943–3948
[2]. Soomro AH, Memon AA, Malik KA, et al Role of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the management of acute cholecystitis. JLUMHS; (2015): 68- 71.
[3]. Yamashita Y, Takada T, Steven M, et al TG13 surgical management of acute cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci; (2013): 20:89–96.
[4]. Zhu B, Zhang Z, and Wang Y, Comparison of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis within and beyond 72 h of symptom onset during emergency admissions. World J Surg; (2012): 36:2654– 2658.
[5]. Kohga A, Suzuki K, Okumura T, et al Outcomes of early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis performed at a single institution. (2018): Asian J Endosc Surg. doi: 10.1111/ases.12487.

Abstract: Corneal allograft rejection is the main complication and the first cause of full-thickness keratoplasty failure. Early detection of rejection is essential, allowing aggressive treatment to be introduced quickly, and therefore reducing the risk of definitive graft failure, in particular by loss of too many endothelial cells. The aim of our work is to present the results of the management of corneal transplant rejections at the pediatric ophthalmology department of the August 20 hospital in Casablanca..

[1]. Hori J, Yamaguchi T, Keino H et al. Immune privilege in corneal transplantation. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2019;72:100758.
[2]. Woo JH, Ang M, Htoon HM, Tan D. Descemet membrane endothelialkeratoplasty versus Descemet stripping automatedendothelialkeratoplasty and penetratingkeratoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol. 2019; 207:288-303.
[3]. Hou Y, Le VNH, Clahsen T et al. Photodynamictherapy leads to time-dependentregression of pathologiccorneal (lymph) angiogenesis and promotes high-riskcornealallograftsurvival. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017;58(13):5862-9.
[4]. Giannaccare G, Weiss JS, Sapigni L et al. Immunologicstromal rejection afterdeepanteriorlamellarkeratoplastywithgrafts of a larger size (9 mm) for variousstromaldiseases. Cornea. 2018;37(8): 967-72
[5]. Hou Y, Le VNH, Tóth G et al. UV light crosslinkingregresses mature cornealblood and lymphaticvessels and promotessubse

Abstract: Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), also known as Von Recklinghausen disease, is a rare genodermatosis with autosomal dominant inheritance. Congenital glaucoma is a rare ophthalmological complication. We report a case of congenital glaucoma in the context of type 1 neurofibromatosis. We will discuss the pathophysiology, the modalities of therapeutic management and the prognosis of congenital glaucoma in the context of vonRecklinghausen's disease..

Keywords: Congenital glaucoma, neurofibromatosis type 1, trabeculectomy

[1]. VankireddiMahathi, SairaniKaranam, MalleswariMedikonda. Congenital Glaucoma with Neurofibromatosis Type-I A Rare
Occurrence. Delhi J Ophthalmol 2018;28;64-6;
[2]. Michael Kinori, MDa, Nickisa Hodgson, MDb, Janice LaskyZeid, MDa, Ophthalmic manifestations in neurofibromatosistype 1.
survey o f ophthalmology xxx ( 2 0 1 7 ) 1e1 6
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Brain. 1988;111(Pt 6):1355e81
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1968;79(2):127e34
[5]. Morales J, Chaudhry IA, Bosley TM. Glaucoma and globe enlargement associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Ophthalmology.
2009;116(9):1725e30

Abstract: Alcoholic ketoacidosis is one of the underdiagnosed ketoacidosis condition in non- diabetic patients with chronic alcoholism. There are only a few studies reported till now on Alcoholic ketoacidosis in pregnancy. Here we report a case of 30 years old pregnant female who presented with complaints of pain abdomen, vomiting with a history of chronic alcohol intake. Patient was treated in-hospital with aggressive fluid therapy, Delivered baby normally with spontaneous labour. In pregnant alcoholics, there is an early production of ketoacids due to metabolic derangements. It is very important to differentiate alcoholic ketoacidosis from starvation and diabetic ketoacidosis as the management varies completely. Early diagnosis and management improve the prognosis of the patient.

Key Words: Alcoholic ketoacidosis, Pregnancy, Ketoacidosis, Starvation, Diabetic Ketoacidosis

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Abstract: Background: -Total Knee Replacement (TKR) or Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a common orthopaedic surgery that involve replacing the articular surfaces of the knee joint with smooth metal and highly cross-linked polyethylene plastic. Physical Impairments occur after TKA Surgery and all these impairments contribute to inability to do Activities of Daily Living and hence effect quality of life. As a result of these impairments, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of Rehabilitation Exercise Program along with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) to see its role on TKA Patients.....

Key Word: Conventional Physiotherapy, Rehabilitation Exercise Program, TKA.

[1]. Thosar JA, Parikh M, Desai MM. Comparison of Effectiveness of Cryotherapy and Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) on Pain, Range of Motion and Gait Speed in Early Post-Operative Phase in Subjects with Unilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty. Int J Res Rev. 2021;8(6):245-259.
[2]. Wang W jun, Sun M hui, Palmer J, et al. Patterns of Compartment Involvement in End-stage Knee Osteoarthritis in a Chinese Orthopedic Center: Implications for Implant Choice. Orthop Surg. 2018;10(3):227-234.
[3]. Stevens-Lapsley JE, Balter JE, Wolfe P, Eckhoff DG, Kohrt WM. Early Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation to Improve Quadriceps Muscle Strength After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial Background. Phy Ther. 2012;92:210-226. 210-226
[4]. Stephanie C. Petterson, Ryan L. Mizner , Jennifer E. Stevens, Leo Raisis, Alex Bodenstab WN and LSM. Improved Function from Progressive Strengthening Interventions after Total Knee Arthroplasty : A Randomzed Controlled Trial with an embedded prospective

Abstract: Ob jectives: This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the pocket depth and gingival index o f abutments with OT cap equator a nd ball and socket attachment in tooth retained mandibular over denture. Materials& methods: T welve male patients with partial ly edentulous ridge with two remaining canines were selected and randomly divided into two equal groups according to type of attachment used for overdenture retention, both groups received tooth supported mandibular overdenture........

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Abstract: Background: It Is Apparent That Remaining Structural Integrity And Peri-Cervical Dentin(PCD) Are Key Factors That Determine The Long-Term Prognosis Of These Teeth. PCD Extends 4 Mm Above And 4 Mm Below The Crestal Bone. Root Fractures In Endodontically Treated Teeth Is Strongly Correlated To Remaining Dentin Thickness(RDT) Following Intra-Radicular Procedures. The Type Of Instrument Used Plays An Important Role In The Amount Of Dentin Removed. The Advent Of Single File Rotary Systems, With Smaller Initial Wire Blank, Fluting Design And Thermal Treatments Have Simplified Cleaning And Shaping And Aids In Minimally Invasive Endodontics(MIE). Revo-S(RVS), Trunatomy (TNT) And Hyflex EDM(HEDM) Are Three Fifth Generation[3] File Systems Where Manufacturers Claimed To Remove Lesser Amount Of Dentin Than Previous Files.........

Key Word: Intrathecal; Bupivacaine; Buprenorphine; Nalbuphine; Postoperative Analgesia.

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