iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2023

Abstract:Background: Sacral hiatus is an important landmark used during caudal epidural anesthesia or block (CEB).
Aim and objectives: Present study was planned to study the various shapes and location of apex and base of sacral hiatus with respect to sacral vertebrae. Material and methods: Descriptive type of observational study was conducted on 80 dry human sacra in the department of Anatomy, R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur. Morphological features such as shape of sacral hiatus, level of apex and base of sacral hiatus with respect to sacral vertebrae were observed. Results: It was found that out of total studied sacra 53.75%, 27.50%, 11.25%, 5%, and 2.5% were having Inverted V, Inverted U, Dumbbell....

[1]. Standring S, Gatxoulis MA, Collins P, Healy JC. Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice, 41th Ed. Edinburgh, Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, London, 2016:726-730,739.
[2]. Malarvani T, Ganesh E, Nirmala P. Study Of Sacral Hiatus In Dry Human Sacra In Nepal, Parsa Region. Int J Anat Res ( ISSN 2321- 4287) 2015; 3(1):848-55.
[3]. Kamal Ahmm, Ara S, Ashrafuzzaman M, Khatun K, Islam MS. Morphometry of sacral hiatus and its clinical relevance in caudal epidural block. J Dhaka Med Coll. April 2014; 23(1):31-36.
[4]. Brailsford JF. Deformities of lumbosacral region of spine. British Journal of Surgery 1929; 16: 562 – 570.
[5]. Sekiguchi M, Yabuki S, Saton K, Kikuchi S. An anatomical study of the sacral hiatus: A basis for successful caudal epidural block. Clin J Pain 2004; 20(1): 51-4

Abstract: Background: This pioneer study on the infraorbital foramina in the Goan population aims to determine its shape, the presence of accessory foramina and its location with respect to anatomic landmarks. Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted on 49 dry adult human maxillae of Goan origin, 26 of the right and 23 of the left side. Infraorbital foramina shapes were classified and subclassified as circles and ovals respectively and presence of accessory foramina were noted. The position of the infraorbital foramen was measured using a digital vernier caliper. Results: Data collected.........

Keywords: Infraorbital foramen, infraorbital margin, anterior nasal spine, nasal notch.

[1]. Lim J-S, Min K-H, Lee J-H, Lee H-K, Hong S-H. Anthropometric Analysis of Facial Foramina in Korean Population: A Three-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Study. Arch craniofacial Surg. 2016;17(1):9.
[2]. Malamed SF: Handbook of Local Anesthesia. 6th ed. RELX India Private Limited. 2013.
[3]. Hu KS, Kwak J, Koh KS, Abe S, Fontaine C, Kim HJ. Topographic distribution area of the infraorbital nerve. Surg Radiol Anat. 2007;29(5):383–388.
[4]. Aggarwal A, Kaur H, Gupta T, Tubbs RS, Sahni D, Batra YK, et al. Anatomical study of the infraorbital foramen: A Basis for Successful Infraorbital Nerve Block. Clin Anat. 2015 Sep 1;28(6):753–760.
[5]. Mozsary PG, Middleton RA. Microsurgical reconstruction of the infraorbital nerves. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1983;41(11):697–700.

Abstract: Goblet cell adenocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumour of the....

[1]. Tumors of the appendix. Misdraji J, Carr NJ, Pai RK, editors.
WHOclassificationoftumorsDigestivesystemtumors.5thed.LyonIARC;2019. p.149-51.
[2]. Alsaad,Khaled&Serra,Stefano&Chetty,Runjan.(2009).Combined goblet cell carcinoid and mucinous cystadenoma of thevermiform appendix. World journal of gastroenterology : WJG. 15.3431-3.10.3748/wjg.15.3431.
[3]. al-TalibRK,MasonCH,TheakerJM.Combinedgobletcellcarcinoidandmucinouscystadenomaoftheappendix.JClinPathol1995;48:869-870

Abstract: Purpose: The objective of this study is the analysis of the reliability of the ITK-SNAP software in calculating the total volume of the maxillary sinuses, as well as their visualization in 3D. Materials and Methods: A total of 68 patients were included in this study, 26 men and 42 women, with an age between 40 and 76 years. A total of 129 maxillary sinuses were studied. Results: In the right maxillary sinus, the minimum value was 2648 mm³, the maximum value was 29650 mm³, and the mean was 13978 mm³. In the left maxillary sinus, the minimum value was 3246 mm³, the maximum value was 27200 mm³, and the mean was 14950 mm³. Conclusion: The ITK-SNAP software is a useful tool in calculating the total volume of the maxillary sinus, due to its effectiveness in measurements, its speed and simplicity, as well as the 3D image it provides.

Keywords: Maxillary sinus; ITK-SNAP; Volume of maxillary sinus; CBCT; Volumetric analysis.

[1]. Ariji, Y., Kuroki, T., Moriguchi, S., Ariji, E. & Kanda, S. Age changes in the volume of the human maxillary sinus: a study using computed tomography. Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology 23(3):163-168.doi:10.1259/dmfr.23.3.7835518 (1994).
[2]. Ariji, Y., Ariji, E., Yoshiura, K. & Kanda, S. Computed tomographic indices for maxillary sinus size in comparison with the sinus volume. Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology 25(1):19-24. doi: 10.1259/dmfr.25.1.9084281 (1996).
[3]. Uchida, Y., Goto, M., Katsuki, T. & Akiyoshi, T. A cadaveric study of maxillary sinus size as an aid in bone grafting of the maxillary sinus floor. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 56(10):1158-1163. doi: 10.1016/S0278-2391(98)90761-3 (1998).
[4]. Uchida, Y., Goto, M., Katsuki, T. & Soejima, Y. Measurement of maxillary sinus volume using computerized tomographic images. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 13:811-8 (1998). [5]. Shahbazian, M., Xue, D., Hu, Y., van Cleynenbreugel, J. & Jacobs, R. Spiral computed tomography based maxillary sinus imaging in relation to tooth loss, implant placement and potential grafting procedure. J Oral Maxillofac Res 1;1(1):e7. doi: 10.5037/jomr.2010.1107 (2010).

Abstract: Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third and second most common cancer affecting males and females respectively. Based on area, race and ethnicity, variations in rate of prevalence of CRC is seen. Studies have found that in India, a five-year survival rate of CRC is one of the lowest (40%) among world. The present study aimed to take such a preliminary step by studying the clinicopathological profile of colorectal cancer patients presenting at Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College Kangra, Tanda. Materials and method: The present....

Key words: Colorectal cancer; Colonoscopy; Histopathology; Treatment

[1]. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 2010;127(12):2893-917.
[2]. Corman ML, Bergamaschi RCM, Nicholls RJ, Fazio VW. Carcinoma of the rectum. CORMAN'S COLON and RECTAL SURGERY. Philadelphia: Lippincott williams & wilkins; 2005.
[3]. Bhat SA, Chowdri NA, Khan MA, Parray FQ, Wani RA, Mehraj A, et al. Clinicopathological Profile of Colorectal Cancer in Kashmir. Clin Surg. 2019; 4: 2368.
[4]. Jemal A, Tiwari RC, Murray T, Ghafoor A, Samuels A, Ward E, et al. Cancer statistics, 2004. CA Cancer J Clin. 2004;54(1):8-29.
[5]. Patil PS, Saklani A, Gambhire P, et al. Colorectal Cancer in India: An Audit from a Tertiary Center in a Low Prevalence Area. Indian J Surg Oncol. 2017;8(4):484-490

Abstract: Introduction: Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyper-glycemia. T2DM is a long term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.Impaired glucose tolerance exerts an influence by enhancing thrombogenic factors such as, fibrinogen in the diabetics.Poor glycemic control has been reported to be associated with hyperfibrinogenemia and its complications. Plasma fibrinogen is an important component of the coagulation cascade as well as a major determinant of blood viscosity and blood flow. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at SRN hospital MLN medical college; a tertiary care centre, Prayagraj (U.P).To estimate....

Keywords: Fibrinogen level,Type 2 Diabetes,Microalbuminuria,Glycemic Control

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[4]. Barnes AJ. Is hyperviscosity a treatable component in diabetic micro- circulatory disease. Lancet 1977; 2: 789-791.
[5]. Wilhelmsen L, Reaven GM, Jenge, et al. Fibrinogen as a risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction. N Eng Med 1984; 311: 501-505.

Abstract: Pyogenic Granuloma (PG) is a reactive hyperplasia of connective tissue in response to local irritants which may bleed on probing. Histologically, the surface epithelium may be intact, or may show foci of ulcerations or even exhibit hyperkeratosis. It predominantly occurs in the second decade of life with female predilection, and size of lesion varies in diameter from few millimeters to several centimeters, but rarely exceeds 2.5cm. Pyogenic Granuloma of the oral cavity is known to involve the gingiva commonly. Extra gingivally, it can occur on the lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, palate, and alveolar mucosa. This article presents a case of Pyogenic Granuloma in a 12-year-old female patient....

Key words: Hard palate, Pyogenic Granuloma, Complete excision

[1]. Pallavi Yadav., et al. "Management of Misnomer Pyogenic Granuloma in 7 Year Old Paediatric Patient - A Case Report". Acta Scientific Paediatrics 4.7 (2021): 26-30.
[2]. Kamal R, Dahiya P, Puri A. Oral pyogenic granuloma: Various concepts of etiopathogenesis. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2012;16:79-82.
[3]. Poncet A, Dor L. Botryomycose humaine. Rev Chir 1897;18:996- 1003
[4]. Ojanotko-Harri AO, Harri MP, Hurttia HM, Sewón LA. Altered tissue metabolism of progesterone in pregnancy gingivitis and granuloma. J Clin Periodontol. 1991 Apr;18(4):262-6. Doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1991.tb00425. x. PMID: 1856307.
[5]. Pagliai KA, Cohen BA. Pyogenic granuloma in children. Pediatr Dermatol. 2004 Jan- Feb; 21(1):10

Abstract: Introduction: For the detection of thyroid gland nodules ultrasound evaluations ervesas very accurate and highly sensitive method but its usefulness is very low in differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid gland tumors. Inpatient with thyroid gland nodule the efficient tool for diagnos is of thyroid cancer is fine needle aspiration although it has certain disadvantage like it is an invasive procedure and subject to sampling and analysis. Aims and objectives: 1)To study the role of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and DataSystem (ACRTIRADS) indifferentiation of benign and malignant thyroid lesions.2)To find the association of ultrasonography findings with cytopathological reports....

Keywords: Elastography, Tirads, FNAC,Thyoid

[1]. Nesreen Mohey et al, Role of combined grey scale US and US tissue elastography in differentiating solid thyroid nodules, The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (2013) 44, 505–512
[2]. Horvath E, Majlis S, Rossi R et-al. An ultrasonogram reporting system for thyroid nodules stratifying cancer risk for clinical management. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2009;94 (5): 1748- 51. doi:10.1210/jc.2008-1724
[3]. Jin Young Kwak et al Ultrasound elastography for thyroid nodules: recent advances, The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (2013) 44, 505–512
[4]. Alptekin Gürsoy et al Ultrasonographic Approach to Thyroid Nodules: State of Art
[5]. Jenny K. Hoang et al : US Features of Thyroid Malignancy: Pearls and Pitfalls 848 May-June 2007 RG f Volume 27 Number 3.

Abstract: This case report showcases the occurrence of a rare entity of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy which is paranodopathy linked to Auto-antibodies against the paranodal proteins neurofascin-155 , and the efficacy of rituximab compared to other treatments in attaining clinical remission as confirmed in review articles that were carried out about the treatment of this disease .

KEYWORDS : Paranodopathy , rituximab , chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy , CIDP

[1]. Khadilkar SV, Kamat S, Patel R. Nodo-paranodopathies: Concepts, Clinical Implications, and Management. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2022 Nov-Dec;25(6):1001-1008. doi: 10.4103/aian.aian_382_22. Epub 2022 Aug 4. PMID: 36911467; PMCID: PMC9996523.
[2]. Querol L, Rojas-García R, Diaz-Manera J, Barcena J, Pardo J, Ortega-Moreno A, et al. Rituximab in treatment-resistant CIDP with antibodies against paranodal proteins. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation. 2015;2:e149.
[3]. Devaux JJ, Miura Y, Fukami Y, Inoue T, Manso C, Belghazi M, et al. Neurofascin-155 IgG4 in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Neurology. 2016;86:800.
[4]. Querol L, Nogales-Gadea G, Rojas-Garcia R, Diaz-Manera J, Pardo J, Ortega-Moreno A, et al. Neurofascin IgG4 antibodies in CIDP associate with disabling tremor and poor response to IVIg. Neurology. 2014;82:879.
[5]. Ogata H, Yamasaki R, Hiwatashi A, Oka N, Kawamura N, Matsuse D, et al. Characterization of IgG4 anti-neurofascin 155 antibody-positive polyneuropathy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2015;2:960.

Abstract: Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a significant global health issue with high neonatal morbidity and mortality rates. There is a growing interest in neuroprotective therapies for neonates suffering from moderate to severe asphyxia, with topiramate showing potential in animal models. However, limited clinical data exist to support its use. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted at Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Bangladesh, from April 2015 to March 2016. Sixty-four neonates with moderate to severe asphyxia were randomly assigned to receive either supportive....

Keywords: Asphyxia, Neonate, Topiramate, HIE

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[5]. Ferriero DM. Neonatal brain injury. N Engl J Med. 2004 Nov 4;351(19):1985–95.

Abstract: Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication during pregnancy that affects both maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Identifying risk factors associated with GDM is crucial for early detection and intervention to improve pregnancy outcomes. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital, Sirajganj, Bangladesh, with a total of 348 hospital patient records. Result: Of the 348 participants, 24.71% had GDM. Significant differences were observed between the groups in age, gravida, BMI....

Keywords: Diabetes, Pregnancy, Gestational, Maternal

[1] Alzahrani, S.H., Alzahrani, N.M., Al Jabir, F.M., Alsharef, M.K., Zaheer, S., Hussein, S.H., Alguwaihes, A.M. and Jammah, A.A., 2021. Consanguinity and Diabetes in Saudi Population: A Case-Control Study. Cureus, 13(12).
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