iosr-JDMS   Volume-16 ~ Issue-10 ~ October-2017

Abstract: The management of chronic suppurative otitis media had witnessed a profound change over the last 100 years. Most ear reconstruction can be done after successful removal of the disease. However, the main primary aim of any surgical procedure is the complete removal of bone destroying disease. This could be either Canal wall up or Canal wall down Mastoidectomy. For a successful ossicular reconstruction an air-filled middle ear and a functioning eustachian tube are very important prerequisites. The tympanic membrane must be intact, healthy and mobile. The ossicular reconstruction must be secure and stable. Grafts and biomaterials chosen for use in middle ear reconstruction ideally should not induce a sustained foreign body reaction, extrude or biodegrade. In the present study the results of ossiculoplasty are compared with 4 standard criteria (Belfast rule of thumb ) for successful out come of ossiculoplasty.

Keywords –CSOM, Ossicular reconstruction, Belfast rule of thumb, Grafts, Biomaterials

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Abstract: The Global burden of noncommunicable diseases constitutes a major public health challenge that undermines the social and economic development across the world. Globally in 2008, it is estimated that 63% of the 57 million deaths that occurred, were due to noncommunicable diseases. India is currently amid rapid socio-economic, demographic, nutrition and health transition. Four behavioural risk factors like tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and harmful use of alcohol are significantly associated with the noncommunicable disease. In today's fast paced world, as we do not have enough time for planning a healthy meal, it will be easy if we adopt a simple healthy eating plan like My Plate. A Report of a study conducted in the state of Andhra Pradesh in 2014 showed that in..........

[1]. Patel V, Chatterji S, Chisholm D, Ebrahim S, Gopalakrishna G, Mathers C, et al. Chronic diseases and injuries in India. Lancet (London, England). 2011 Jan;377(9763):413–28.
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[3]. Ashakiran, Deepthi R. Fast Foods and their Impact on Health. J Krishna Inst Med Sci Univ. 2012;1(2):7–15.
[4]. Popkin BM. The shift in stages of the nutrition transition in the developing world differs from past experiences! Public Health Nutr. 2002 Feb;5(1A):205–14.
[5]. Avvaru K, Vanka S. Assessment of risk factors for non communicable diseases in an urban area of Visakhapatnam , Andhra Pradesh. Int J Res Med 2014;3(2):16–8. Available from: http://www.ijorim.com/siteadmin/article_issue/14054434915_Krishnaveni Avvaru END.pdf.pdf

Abstract: This retrospective study was carried out in a tertiary care medical college at periphery of state of west bengal during January 2014 to December 2016 to assess the epidemiological pattern of burn victim coming for autopsy. Total 300 cases were taken in chronological sequence. There are several social, economic, cultural and psychological factors interplaying which influence the reporting, treatment, management and if the patient dies the further investigations. Most burns were domestic, with cooking being the most prevalent activity. The maximum incidence of burn injuries in males were noted in the age group of 21-40 years. 75% cases who suffered burns were housewives. Maximum burns were of 1st & 2nd degree with 33.33% males and 66.67% females.30.33% victims suffered from > 90% BSA(BODY SURFACE AREA).

Key words: burn, death, epidemiological, fatal, incidence.

[1]. Subrahmanyam M, Joshi AV. Analysis of burn injuries treated during one year period at a district hospital in India. Annals of burns and Fire Disasters June 2003; 16(2): 74-6.
[2]. Krug E. A WHO plan for burn prevention and care, Geneva, Switzerland, 2008
[3]. Singh D, Sing A, Sharma AK, Sodhi L. Burn mortality in Chandigarh zone: 25 years autopsy experience from a tertiary care hospital of India. Burns March 1998; 24 (2): 150-6.
[4]. Attia AF, Sherif AA, Mandil AM, Massoud NM, Arafa MA, Mervat W et al. Epidemiological and socio-cultural study of burn patients in Alexandria, Egypt. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 1997; 3(3): 452-61.
[5]. Singh MV, Ganguli SK, Aiyanna BM. A study of epidemiological aspects of burn injuries. Medical Journal of Armed Forces in India Oct 1996; 52(4): 229-32.

Abstract: Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the victim profile and pattern of injuries in railway related fatalities in Sealdah (south) section, Kolkata. Material & Methods:A retrospective analytical study performed on dead bodies autopsied in mortuaries of NRS Medical College &hospitals, Kolkata during the period of one year from 1st September, 2015 to 31st August 2016. Out of the total autopsies, details of autopsies on railway related fatalities were collected in a preformed performa under the heading of age, gender, type of injuries, region of the body involved and cause of death. Results: A total of 2764 medico legal autopsies were conducted during the study period, out of which 138 (4`99%) were reported to be on dead bodies of railway fatalities.........

Key words: Railway fatalities, Polytrauma, Laceration, Fractures, Head injury, Safety

[1]. Nandy. A , Principles of Forensic Medicine, 2012 Edition, New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd. Regional injuries :473-475
[2]. KrishanVij: Text Book of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 5th Edition 2011, Reed Elsevier India pvt. Ltd. Regional injury : 301-303
[3]. Pathak A, Barai P, Mahajan AK, Rathod B, Desai KP, Basu S. Risking Limbs and Life– Railway fatalities in Vadodara: (A Retrospective Study). Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 2009; 26(1): 54-58.
[4]. Sarvesh Tendon , Ajay Aggarwal , Sharma K l and Das gupta P S .-Suicide simulating homicide – A Rail way Track mystery ,a case report journal of Karnataka medicolegal society 2001 ;10(2):60-62
[5]. Davis G.G.,Alexander B and Brissie R M A 15 year review of railway –related deaths in Jefferson County , Alabama . Am.J.Forensic Med.Pathol.18,363-8..

Abstract: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), a chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal disease affecting primarily the peripheral joints may also present with extra-articular manifestations like involvement of exocrine lacrimal glands. Rheumatoid arthritis patients develop ocular dryness due to inflammation of lacrimal gland tissue. Ocular dryness is also a characteristic feature of autonomic dysfunction which greatly affects the quality of life in RA patients.The study was conducted to assess the parasympathetic ocular function among RA patients using schirmer's test and to find out the correlation of parasympathetic ocular dysfunction with age, gender, disease duration and RF factor positivity. This cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital among 200 RA patients aged 20-55 years attending Rheumatology clinic. Age matched...........

Key words: Rheumatoid arthritis, Parasympathetic ocular dysfunction, Schirmers test

[1]. David A Warrell, Timothy M Cox, John D Firth et al, Oxford textbook of medicine,4 thedition, Volume 2,Chapter 18.5 Rheumatoid Arthritis, pg 27-28
[2]. Till Uhlig,Tore Kristian Kvein,JanickeLiaaen Jensen et al . Siccasymptoms,saliva and tear production anddisease variables in 636 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis.1999;58:415-422.
[3]. Silman and Molen .Weisman,Textbook of Rheumatology,3 RD edition. Pg 885-900
[4]. HoracioKartmann, ItalioBlaggioni, Textbook of geriatric medicine and gerontology,6 thedition,chap 51,Disorders of ANS,pg 639-642
[5]. P J Barendregt, G L Van der Heijde, F C Breedveld, H M Marisse. Parasympathetic dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis patients with ocular dryness.Ann Rheum Dis. 1996;55: 612-615..

Abstract: Introduction: Appropriate breastfeeding practices for babies is essential for their optimal growth and development;reduction of child morbidity and mortality. But due to lack of awareness such an invaluable gift is still not being properly used by all. Objectives:The study aiming at describing socio-demographic profile, assessing level of awareness and sources of information regarding breastfeeding among antenatal mothers. Methodology:It was an observational descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Antenatal Clinic of Medical College, Kolkata during February-March 2017. 349 antenatal mothers in third trimester were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Mothers were interviewed using a predesigned and pre-tested schedule, datawas analysed in MS Excel in computer.............

Keywords: Breast feeding, Awareness, Antenatal mother, West Bengal

[1]. UNICEF, The World‟s Children Report, 2011.
[2]. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011. National Institute of Population Research and Training Dhaka, Bangladesh Mitra and Associate Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[3]. Infant feeding practices and associated factors in the first 6 months of life: The Norwegian Infant Nutrition Survey.
[4]. Quantifying the benefits of breastfeeding: a summary of the evidence. Washington: Pan America Health Organization, 2002.
[5]. Abhay C. Pal , DiptaKantiMukhopadhyay , Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Breastfeeding in a Rural Community of Bankura District, West Bengal, India, Jan 1, 2014. IOSR-JDMS.

Abstract: An eight-yr-old girl presented with history of progressive dyspnoea and cough for 12 days with fatigue and rapid worsening of symptoms. There was features of cardiogenic shock ,congestive cardiac failure and mild cardiomegaly. Investigations revealed marked leucocytosis with 63% eosinophils. Cardiac MRI was suggestive of endomyocardial fibrosis with mural thrombi in the left ventricle. Extensive work up was consistent with the diagnosis of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) with Loeffler endocarditis , a rare differential of heart failure in children.

Key words:Cardiogenic shock, Heart failure, Hypereosinophilic syndrome, Loeffler endocarditis

[1]. Valent P, Klion AD, Horny H-P, Roufosse F, Gotlib J,Weller PF et al : Contemporary proposal on criteria and classification of eosinophilic disorders and related syndromes. J Allergy Clin Immunol , 2012 Sep;130(3): 607-612

[2]. Ogbogu P, Rosing DR, Horne III MDK. Cardiovascular manifestation of Hypereosinopholic syndrome. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2007, Aug: 27(3): 457-475

[3]. Chusid MJ, Dale DC, West BC, Wolff SM. The hypereosinophilic syndrome: analysis of fourteen cases with review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 1975;54(1):1–27.

[4]. Vickery BP. Eosinophils. In: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF ,St Jame JW, Schor NF, editors. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 20th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier ; 2016. P 1038-40

[5]. Crane MM, Chang CM, Kobayashi MG, Weller PF. Incidence of myeloproliferative hypereosinophilic syndrome in the United States and an estimate of all hypereosinophilic syndrome incidence. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010, 126: 179 - 181..

Abstract: The diagnosis of neck masses has long been a challenge to radiologists. Many small but critical structures pass from the head to the thorax through a region that is compact, yet remarkably flexible, i.e., the neck. A thorough understanding of the gross anatomy of the neck is needed to communicate findings precisely & generate meaningful differential diagnosis. High resolution B-mode sonography has improved and has become a very valuable tool in the diagnosis of neck masses. Sonography is commonly the first imaging modality after clinical examination as it is cost effective procedure. It provides valuable diagnostic information with high degree of diagnostic accuracy. Ultrasound is also useful in all needle aspirations, since it can guide the position of needle in relation to lesion. Ultrasound is an ideal......

Key words: B-mode: Brightness mode, FNAC: Fine needle aspiration cytology, CT: Computed tomography, MR: Magnetic resonance imaging.

[1]. Role of Ultrasound in Thyroid DisordersGerald T. Kangelaris, MD, Theresa B. Kim, MD, Lisa A. Orloff, MD , OtolaryngolClin N Am 43 (2010) 1209–1227 33

[2]. EL MONEM ETAL: Head and neck lipomaJournal of laryngology and otology 2006 jan;120(1): 47-55
[3]. Clinical Ultrasound of the Salivary GlandsPhilippe Katz, MD, Dana M. Hartl, MD, PhD, Agne` s Guerre, MD,OtolaryngolClin N Am 42 (2009) 973–1000

[4]. Anil T Ahuja et al, second branchial cleft cyst :variability of sonographic appearances ;AJNR 2000;21:315-319.

[5]. M. Ying, A. Ahuja, R. Evans, W. King, C. Metreweli. Cervical lymphadenopathy: sonographicdiferentiation between tuberculous nodes and nodal metastases from non - head and neckcarcinomas. Journal of Clinical Ultrasound 26: 383-389, 1998..

Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of spinal anesthesia using two different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with low-dose bupivacaine in anorectal surgery. Methods: In this prospective, double-blind study, 52 American Society of Anaesthesiologists I–II patients scheduled for elective anorectal surgery were randomized into two groups. The patients in group I received intrathecal 2.5 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine plus 5μg dexmedetomidine and in group II received intrathecal 2.5 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine plus 10 μg dexmedetomidine. All the patients remained in the seated position for 10 min after completion of the spinal anesthesia. Sensory block was evaluated with pin-prick test and motor block was evaluated with a modified Bromage scale.........

Key words: Hyperbaric bupivacaine, dexmedetomidine, saddle block, anorectal surgery

[1]. Eisenach JC, Shafer SL, Bucklin BA, Jackson C, Kallio A. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intraspinaldexmedetomidine in sheep. Anesthesiology 1994;80:1349-59.
[2]. Lo WC, Harris J, Clarke RW. Endogenous opioids support the spinal inhibitory action of an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist in the decerebratedspinalised rabbit. Neurosci Lett 2003;340:95-8.
[3]. Fukushima K, Nishimi Y, Mori K, Takeda J. Effect of epidurally administered dexmedetomidine on sympathetic activity and postoperative pain in man. AnesthAnalg 1996;82: S121.
[4]. Maroof M, Khan SA, Jain D, Khan RM, Maroof SM. Evaluation of effect of dexmedetomidine in reducing shivering following epidural anesthesia. Anesthesiology 2004;101: A495.
[5]. Kanazi GE, Aouad MT, Jabbour-Khoury SI, AI Jazzar, Alameddine MM, AI-Yaman R, et al. Effect of low dose dexmedetomidine or clonidine on the characteristics of bupivacaine spinal block. ActaAnesthesiolScand 2006;50:222-7..

Abstract: Intricate relationship between epithelium and stromal tissue is believed to play a significant role in pathogenesis of odontogenic lesions. Role of epithelium in its pathogenesis is well established and at the same time role of mesenchyme cannot be underestimated. This study was undertaken to investigate, compare and correlate different pattern of distribution of collagen fibres in Keratocystic odontogenic tumor with other odontogenic cysts using picrosirius red stain under polarizing microscopy in order to delineate its exact role in biological behavior of these lesions. The colour of collagen fibres in the fibrous tissue walls of 30 Keratocystic odontogenic tumor,10 cases each of dentigerous cysts, periapical cysts and orthokeratinised odontogenic cysts were studied by staining with picrosirius red and examining under polarizing microscope...........

Key words:Birefringence, Collagen, Keratocystic odontogenic tumor, Picrosirius red

[1]. Zhang J-Y, Dong Q, Li T-J. Differences in collagen fibers in the capsule walls of parakeratinized and orthokeratinised odontogenic cysts. Int. J. Oral Maxillofacial surgery, 2011; 40: 1296-1300.
[2]. Taylor A M. New findings and controversies in odontgenic tumors. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Buccal .2008; 13(9): E555-
[3]. Sapp JP, Eversole LR,Wysocki GP. Cysts of the Oral Regions. Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2004 2nd edition pg 46.
[4]. Jones A V, Craig G T, Franklin C D. Range and demographics of Odontogenic cysts diagnosed in a UK population over a 30 year period.J Oral Pathol Med 2006 Sep; 35(8):500-7.
[5]. Aarti M Mahajan,Mahendra C Mahajan, S.M. Ganvir and V K Hazarey. The role of stroma in the expansion of odontogenic cysts and adenomatoid odontogenic tumor. A polarized microscopy study. J Nat Sci Biol Med.2013 Jul-Dec; 4(2) : 316-320.

Abstract: Goitre being one of the most common neck swelling we encounter in surgical practice, our tertiary care, academic institution conducted a prospective observational study on clinicopathological aspects of multinodular goiter and the results were tabulated. Our study concludes that FNAC is must in all cases of multinodular goiter and a sincere clinical suspicious malignancy is a must in all cases of multinodular goiter.

Key words: Multinodular goiter.

[1]. J Amudhan et al; clinicopathological study on multinodular goiter: A prospective study; International journal of scientific study; April 2017, Vol 5 Issue.
[2]. Pang HN, Chen Cm, The incidence of cancer in nodular goiters. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2007; 36; 241-3.
[3]. Mangesh Ram Padmawat et al, clinicopathological study of multinodular goiter; International journal of Biomedical and advance research, IJBAR (2014)05/01 www.ssjournals.com DOI:10.7439/ijbar..

Abstract: Mandibular second molars commonly have two roots and three canals. Several variations of root canal anatomy of mandibular second molar have been in numerous studies. This can be either extra canals, lesser number of canals or abnormal configurations. Clinician should be aware of all these variations for a successful endodontic therapy. Thus the aim of this article is to report endodontic management of two mandibular second molars with a single conical root and single canal.

Key words: mandibular second molar, single root, single canal

[1]. J. I. Ingle, L. K. Bakland, and J. C. Baumgartner, Endodontics, B C Decker, Hamilton, Canada, 6th edition, 2008.

[2]. F. J. Vertucci, ―Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth,‖ Oral Surgery Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 589–599, 1984.

[3]. Franklin S.Weine, Richard A.Pasiewicz, R.Ted Rice. Canal Configuration Of The Mandibular Second Molar Using A Clinically Oriented In Vitro Method. J Endod 1988;14:207-213.

[4]. Peiris R, Ohzeki S, Igarashi Y, Satake T. Mandibular permanent second molar with four roots and root canals: a case report. Odontology 2009;97:51—3.

[5]. Jafarzadeh H, Wu Y. The C-shaped root canal configuration: a review. J Endod 2007;33:517—23

Abstract: Homicide-suicide (dyadic) deaths have got important social impact. Whenever an incident of homicide-suicide occurs, many questions arises and need attention, many facts need consideration and evaluation. The present case-report documents homicide of wife by her husband in a reputed hospital. The perpetrator (husband) killed his wife by the continuous attack by saline stand. Then he hanged himself by the ceiling fan. The suspicion of infidelity is said to be the reason for the killing.

Key words:dyadic death, homicide, perpetrator, suicide

[1]. Mazruk P et al. The epidemiology of murder –suicide, J Am Med Assoc 1992, 267, 31: 79-83.
[2]. Berman AL, Dyadic death: a typology, Suicide Life Threat Behav. 1996; 26, 4:342-50.
[3]. Milroy CM et al, Reasons for homicide and suicide in episodes of dyadic death in Yorkshire and Humberside, Med SCi Law 1995, 35: 213 -217.
[4]. Graser RR, Family murder in South Africa: some possible explanations, Acta Criminology 1992,5 (19): 75 -80.. [5]. Bossarte RM, Simon RT , Barker L , Characteristic of homicide followed by suicide incidents in multiple states 2003-04, Injury prevention 2006,12: ii 33-ii38.

Abstract: A cutaneous horn is a relatively rare tumour, most often arising from sun exposed skin in elderly men, usually after fifth decade. The tumour is often conical, consisting of marked retention of stratum corneum. Cutaneous horn occurs in association with or as a response to a wide variety of underlying benign, premalignant and malignant cutaneous diseases. A 52 years old patient coming with the chief complaint of painless growth over the upper lid margin of right eye for last 1 year, which was progressive in nature. Anterior segment was normal. A complete resection was primarily performed. Histopathological study disclosed thickening &hyperkeratotis stratum corneum with parallel layers of keratin suggestive of benign lesion.

Key words: Cutaneous horn, Cornucutaneum, Actinic keratosis, Eyelid mass

[1]. Bondeson J. Everard home, John hunter, and cutaneous horns: A historical review. Am J Dermatopathol 2001;23:362‑9.
[2]. Michal M, Bisceglia M, Di Mattia A, Requena L, Fanburg-Smith JC, Mukensnabl P, et al. Gigantic cutaneous horns of the scalp: Lesions with a gross similarity to the horns of animals: A report of four cases. Am J SurgPathol 2002;26:789-94.
[3]. Nthuuta PM; Gant cutaneous horn in an African woman – a case report. J Med Case Rep., 2007; 1: 170.
[4]. Mantese SAO, Diago PM, Rocha A, Berbert AL, Ferreira AK, Ferreira TC; Cutaneous Horn: A retrospective histopatholgical study of 222 cases. An Bras Dermatl., 2010; 85(2): 157–163.
[5]. Durkee S (1866) Human Horn (CornuCutaneum of Rokitansky). Boston Med Surg J 74 :9-11...

Abstract: Background and Objectives: The full mud bath and full body massage are treatment modality is commonly used by Naturopathy physicians as a treatment. Though mud bath and full body massage therapy has been used extensively in a clinical scenario both for rejuvenation as well as therapy. But their effect on autonomic activity is not studied. Hence, this study aims at understanding the physiological changes of mud bath and massages therapy on heart rate variability and compares them in healthy volunteers............

Key words: Full mud bath, full body massage, Heart rate variability, Naturopathy.

[1]. The therapeutic effects of mud Chadzopulu A.1*, Adraniotis J.1, Theodosopoulou E.2 1 General Hospital of Kavala, Greece 2 University of Athens, Faculty of Nursing, Greece http://talkspas.com/tag/natural-mud-bath/2011 [cited 10 march 2011].

[2]. Rajiv Rastogi. Therapeutic uses of mud therapy in naturopathy. Indian journal of traditional knowledge. 2012; 11: 556-9.

[3]. Chadzopulu A, Adraniotis J, Theodosopoulou E. The therapeutic effects of mud. Progress in Health Sciences. 2011; 1:132-6.

[4]. ^ Definition of massage, Prescottlmt.com

[5]. "Massage Therapy as CAM". The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM). 2006-09-01. Retrieved 2007-09-26.