iosr-JDMS   Volume-16 ~ Issue-10 ~ October-2017

Abstract: Hypertension is the leading cause of death and a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Beta blockers play an important role in the reduction of both systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Newer beta blockers like nebivolol bear much of future as mono therapeutic anti hypertensive agents due to their better patient compliance, better efficacy with negligible side effects. A comparative, prospective, randomised open labelled study was conducted in patients with mild to moderate hypertension patients attending medical OPD in OGH, Hyderabad for 6 months. A total of 104 patients were enrolled in the study. Group A contained 58 patients, was advised to take atenolol 50 mg once daily. Group B contained 46 patients, was advised to take nebivolol 5 mg once daily. Patients were followed after...........

Keywords –Hypertension, Beta blockers, Atenolol, Nebivolol, Heart rate

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[4]. Carlberg B, Samuelsson O, Lindholm LH. Atenolol in hypertension: is it a wise choice?. The Lancet. 2004 Nov 12;364(9446):1684-9.
[5]. Kuyper LM, Khan NA. Atenolol vs nonatenolol β-blockers for the treatment of hypertension: a meta-analysis. Canadian Journal of Cardiology. 2014 May 31;30(5):S47-53..

Abstract: Susac's syndrome is an uncommon neurologic disorder of unknown cause. It has been described as a clinical triad of encephalopathy, sensorineural hearing loss, and branch retinal artery occlusions (BRAO). Susac's syndrome is presumed to be an autoimmune endotheliopathy. We present a case of 21 year old 12 weeks primigravida female patient who presented with visual loss, sensorineural hearing loss, altered sensorium & missed abortion. A high index of suspicion leading to correct diagnosis and early appropriate therapy may reduce the permanent sequel seen with this disease. Because of its rarity and some similarities to other common neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, it is often misdiagnosed and therefore mistreated. In patients...........

Key words: BRAO, Encephalopathy, Primigravida, Sensorineural hearing loss, Susac's syndrome

[1]. Susac JO. Susac's syndrome: the triad of microangiopathy of the brain and retina with hearing loss in young women. Neurology 1994; 44(4): 591-3.
[2]. Susac JO, Hardman JM, Selhorst JB. Microangiopathy of the brain and retina. Neurology 1979; 29(3): 313-6.
[3]. Dorr J, Krautwald S, Wildemann B, Jarius S, Ringelstein M, Duning T, et al. Characteristics of Susac syndrome: a review of all reported cases. Nat Rev Neurol 2013; 9(6): 307-16.
[4]. van Winden M, Salu P. Branch retinal artery occlusion with visual field and multifocal erg in Susac syndrome: a case report. Doc Ophthalmol 2010; 121(3): 223-9.
[5]. Deane KD, Tyler KN, Johnson DW, Tanabe JL, Oskarrson BE, Nitka EE, et al. Susac syndrome and pregnancy: disease management. J Clin Rheumatol 2011; 17(2): 83-8....

Abstract: Background : In India use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) is on a larger scale. It has been documented in several International and National studies that NSAIDs cause significant rise in the gastrointestinal adverse reactions. Aims and Objectives: The main aim of this study is to identify the incidence of the adverse drug reactions of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and to assess the percentage & severity of the adverse reactions. Patients and Methods : A prospective Observational study was carried out in SVRR VT.Hospital,Tirupati.Total 200 patients of age between 18-60 years group fulfilling.........

Keywords: Adverse drug reactions,NSAIDs,Fixed dose combinations,Gastro protective agents.

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[2]. JK Aroson.The International Encyclopedia of Adverse Drug Reactionsand interactions 15th ed. Oxford, United Kingdom: Honorary Edition, Oslo,Norway:2006(4):2555-82.
[3]. ShamsurRahman, ZinnatAra Begum, KhoshrozSamad.Prescribing pattern ofnon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at outpatient departments of teaching hospitals. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2007;2:1-6.
[4]. OSAwofisayo et al. The Pattern of Sale and Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Rural and Urban Centres in Nigeria. Trop J Pharm Res, 2008;7(3):1013-18.
[5]. D.V. Derle, K.N. Gujar, B.S.H. Sagar. Adverse effect associated with the use ofNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): An overview. IJP2006;68 (4):409-14

Abstract: Quality of life (QOL) represents the wellbeing of a person which is influenced by various factors. The aim of this study is to assess the QOL of caregivers of autism children and compare it with that of normal children caregivers. Method: sample is collected from caregivers of children attending OPD of Niloufer children hospital, Hyderabad using semi structured intake proforma and WHOQOL BREF scale. Results: as a whole QOL of caregivers of autism children is significantly affected (p= <0.05) than that of normal children's caregivers. Conclusion:These finding must be taken into account in policy making to provide better and more specific supports.

Keywords: caregivers, autism, QOL

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Abstract: Background:. Oral lichen planus is an immunologically based, chronic, inflammatory mucocutaneous disorder of undetermined etiology. The overall prevalence of lichen planus in the general population is about 0.1-4%. Materials and method:. The present cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Oral Pathology, SVS Dental College, Mahaboobnagar, Telangana State. 30 cases of lichen planus were included in the study and 30 healthy subjects were taken as controls. A total of 3 mL of blood sample was taken from each subject and the serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL were determined. The mean outcomes of each group were compared with each other and analyzed two by two tables. Results: The results of statistical analyses showed no significant differences in mean HDL and LDL serum levels between the two groups.........

[1]. Mehdipour M, Taghavi Zenouz A, Davoodi F, et al. Evaluation of the Relationship between Serum Lipid Profile andOral Lichen Planus. Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects. 2015;9(4):261-266. doi:10.15171/joddd.2015.046.
[2]. Eversole LR. Immunopathogenesis of oral lichen planus and recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Semin Cutan Med Surg 1997; 16:284-94.
[3]. Dreiher J, Shapiro J, Cohen AD. Lichen planus and dyslipidaemia: a case-control study. Br J Dermatol. 2009 Sep; 161(3):626-9.
[4]. R Mehrotra, S Pandya, AK Chaudhary, HP Singh, RK Jaiswal, M Singh, SC Gupta, M Singh. Lipid profile in oral submucous fibrosis. Lipids Health Dis. 2009;8(29):2–7. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
[5]. S Gupta, S Gupta. Alterations in serum lipid profile patterns in oral cancer and oral precancerous lesions and conditions-a clinical study. Indian J Dent. 2011;2(2):1–7..

Abstract: Cancer being the most stressful events, anxiety is one of the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric illness. Anxiety may interfere with cancer treatment. Screening and assessment of anxiety in cancer patients is necessary for good cancer care. The main aim of this study is to screen and assess for anxiety in newly diagnosed cancer patients attending the oncology OPD at KAMSRC. Patients who gave their informed consent were recruited and screened for anxiety using the Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale (HADS). The positively screened subjects were further assessed using Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). In the study sample age and illiteracy were the factors frequently affecting anxiety.

Keywords : Anxiety, Cancer, HADS, HAM-A

[1]. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/coping/feelings/anxiety-distress-pdq

[2]. American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Depression and Anxiety. 2012. available At: URL:http://www.cancer.net.

[3]. Grassi L, Johansen C, Annunziata MA, et al. Screening for Distress in Cancer Patients: A Multicenter, Natonwide Study in Italy. Cancer. 2013;119:1714–21. [PubMed].
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[5]. Michopoulos I, Douzenis A, Kalkavoura C, et al. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS): validation in a Greek general hospital sample. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2008;7:4. [PMC free article] [PubMed].

Abstract: Introduction. It is a well known fact that microorganisms either remaining in the root canal space after endodontic therapy or recolonizing the canal system post-therapy are the main cause of endodontic failure. While most practitioners spend a great deal of time on shaping procedures, not much emphasis is paid on irrigation. There is a great deal of confusion regarding the choice of irrigant, methods and protocols followed during irrigation of the canal systems. The purpose of the current survey was to find the various irrigation techniques and protocols followed by practitioners nationwide and discuss sodium hypochlorite as an irrigant. Methodology: An anonymous questionnaire with ten questions covering all aspects of irrigation protocols pertaining to sodium hypochlorite was formulated using google forms® (http://docs.google.com/forms) and was sent to the intended participants across different platforms like whatsapp®, facebook® and email, responses to which were duly noted.............

Keywords-:irrigation; irrigation protocols; root canal treatment; sodium hypochlorite, survey

[1]. Mohammadi Z. Sodium Hypochlorite in endodontics- an update review. Int Dent J 2008; 58: 329-41.
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[3]. Prente JM, Loushine RJ, SusinL.Root canal debridement using manual dynamic agitation or the EndoVac for final irrigation in a closed system and an open system. Int Endod J 2010; 43; 1001-1012.
[4]. Regan JD,Fleury AA. Irrigants in nonsurgical endodontic treatment. J Ir Dent Assoc 2006; 52: 84-92.
[5]. Garberoglio R, Becce C. Smear layer removal by root canal irrigants. A comparative scanning electron microscopic study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1994; 78: 359-367.

Abstract: At times Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy becomes difficult. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy may be rendered difficult by various problems encountered during surgery. Aims and Objective: To study preoperatively, the Clinical, biochemical and radiological parameters in predicting difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Material and Methods:This prospective study was conducted on patients of Gallbladder stone disease in the Department of General Surgery of subharti medical college admitted through surgery OPD and emergency or transferred from other department after taking informed consent and clearance from University Ethical Committee on 200 patients out of which 90 are viral marker........

Keywords: Gallstone Pancreatitis, Acute cholecystitis, Empyema Gallbladder, Fibrosed Gallbladder, Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy..

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[4]. Prakash A. Chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis in India.IntSurg 1968; 49:79-85.
[5]. Khurro MS, Mahajan R, Zargar SA, Javid G. Prevalence of biliary tract disease in India: a sonographic study in adult population in Kashmir. Gut 1989; 30:201-05.

Abstract: Erythroderma, first described by Hebra in 1868, is a reaction pattern characterized by generalized and confluent erythema with desquamation affecting more than 90% of body surface area. It is usually accompanied by other systemic manifestations resulting in hemodynamic and metabolic derangements.1 In erythroderma, there is an increase in the rate of epidermal cell turnover.2The number of germinative cells and their mitotic rate are increased. Transit time of the cells through the epidermis is shortened thereby leading to loss of cell components from the skin surface in the form of scales, estimated to be 20–30 g/day. The amount of protein loss is so large that the systemic metabolism is affected.3 The main causes of erythroderma are psoriasis, eczema, drugs, pityriasis rubra pilaris, pemphigus foliaceous, lymphoma and others. Males are affected two to three times more frequently than females.1 Histopathology helps in identifying the cause of erythroderma in upto 50% of cases. The histological appearance varies depending upon the severity.

[1]. Burton JL. Erythroderma: Rook, Wilkinson, Ebling Textbook of Dermatology. In: Champion RH, Burton JL, Ebling FJ, editors. 5th ed, Vol. 1. United States: Oxford Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1992. p. 584‑8.
[2]. Rebecca S, Wilfred E, Wooldridge W. In: Demis DJ, editor. Clinical dermatology. Vol. 1. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Raven.
[3]. Schuster S, Wilkinson P. Protein metabolism in exfoliative erythroderma. Br J Dermatol. 1963;75:344–53.
[4]. Walsh NMG, Prokopetz R, Tron VA et al. Histopathology in erythroderma: review of a series of cases by multiple observers. J Cutan Pathol 1994; 21:419–23.
[5]. Textbook of Dermatology. In: Rook A, Wilkinson DS, Ebling FJ, Champion RH, Burton JL, editors. 4th edition. New Jersey, United States: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1986. .

Abstract: Background:Periodontal disease is essentially a combination of gingivitis, which is aninflammatory condition of the gingiva and periodontitis, which refers to the destruction of the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and cementum, a destructive process that could lead to tooth loss. Studies confirm that diabetics are three times more likely to develop periodontal disease than the control. Objectives:To examine the oral hygiene status of diabetic patients and evaluate the extent of periodontal disease in them..........

Keywords:Calculi; Dental Plaque Index; Diabetics;Gingivitis; Periodontitis

[1] Kinane DF. Causation and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000. 2001; 25: 8–20
[2] Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Dental biofilms: difficult therapeutic targets. Periodontol 2000. 2002; 28: 12–55
[3] Kinane DF, Berglundh T, Lindhe J. Host-Parasite Interactions in Periodontal Disease In: Lindhe J, Karring T, Lang NP, ClinicalPeriodontology and Implant Dentistry, (4th.ed) Manhattan, Wiley Publishing, 2003; 150-175.
[4] Joshi VM, Vandana KL. The detection of eight putative periodontal pathogens in adult and rapidly progressive periodontitis patients: An institutional study. Indian J Dent Res. 2007; 18 (3):6-10
[5] Parameters of care-American academy of Periodontology. Journal ofPeriodontology. 1996; 1 (1): x-xiii. doi:10.1902/annals.1996.1.1.x.

Abstract: Background: laparoscopic cholecystectomy became the first choice of treatment for symptomatic cholelithiasis, but still we may be enforced during laparoscopic cholecystectomy to convert the operation to open cholecystectomy due to many reasons and factors which related to the patients, surgeonsand gall bladder status and quality of the facilities . Objective: We aim to reduce the percentage of laparoscopic cholecystectomyconversion by studying the causes and its percentage which impose the surgeon to convert the operation and the effect of that conversion on the operatives' outcome regarding morbidity and mortality and to study the importance of evaluation of the patient preoperatively.....

Keywords: Lapcholey, conversion, open choley, acute cholecystitis

[1] Reynolds W Jr . The first laparoscopic cholecystectomy .JSLS 2001 ;5(1):89-94 .
[2] Ros A, GustafssonL,Krook H, NordgrenCE,Thorell A ,Wallin G, et al .Laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus mini –laparotomy cholecystectomy :a prospective ,randomized , single blinded study .Ann Surg . 2001;234:741-9.10.1097/00000658-200112000-00005[Pub Med].
[3] Chaudhry MR, Malik A, Abbas T, Ahmed W. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy-initial experience at 18 Lahore General Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. Pak J Surg 1996;12:33-6.
[4] Zucker KA, Bailey RW, Gadaccz T R , Imbembo AL. Laparoscopic guided cholecystectomy. Am J Surg 1991 ;161:36-44 . [5] Livingston EH, Rege RV. A nationwide study of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy.Am J Surg. 2004; 188: 205–211 [PubMed]...

Abstract: A new advancing field has been under development for the better diagnosis and treatment in the field of dentistry which is called Nanodentistry. This technology may also help in the preventive, restorative and curative procedure in the future. It may also provide early diagnosis and superior approach to assess the onset and progression of the disease. This is a review article based on nanotechnology and its uses in dentistry.

Keywords-: Nanotechnology, nanocomposite, nanorobots, nanodiagnosis

[1]. Abhilash M.Nanorobots.Int.J.PharmaBio.Sci.2010;1(1):1–10.
[2]. Albrektsson T, Sennerby L, Wennerberg A. State of the art of oral implants. Periodontology 2008;47:15–26.
[3]. Freitas R. A., In : Nanomedicine //Basic Capabilities,vol.1. Landes Bioscience, Georgetown, 1999;1 :345–347.
[4]. Freitas R.A. Nanodent J Am Dent Assoc .2000;131(3),1559–1566.
[5]. Freitas Jr R.A. What is nano medicine? Nanomed Nanotech Biol Med. 2005;1:2–9..

Abstract: Background: Macular edema is known to cause decreased vision post operatively after cataract extraction and Intra Ocular Lens (IOL) implantation. In this study we correlated the post-operative visual acuity following uneventful Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery(MSICS) and IOL implantation with macular thickness measured by Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT). Methods: In this study 62 patients between 45 to 90 years who were assigned to undergo MSICS with IOL implantation under local anaesthesia were selected. Detailed pre operative ophthalmic examination including BCVA using the Log MAR chart, slit-lamp examination and fundus examination was done. OCT measurements were done pre-operatively, between 1st day to 3rd day, 7th to 10th day and at 6 weeks. These measurements were then correlated with log MAR best corrected visual acuity..........

Keywords:Macular Edema, MSICS-Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery, OCT-Optical Coherence Tomography, Log MAR –Logarithm of Minimum Angle of Resolution, BCVA - Best Corrected Visual Acuity, MFT- Mean Foveal Thickness, Foveal Minimum

[1]. Rossetti L, Autelitano. CME following cataract surgery. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology 2000; 11:65-72.

[2]. Ching HY, Wong AC et al. CME and changes in retinal thickness after phacoemulsification with OCT. Eye 2006; 20(3):297-303.

[3]. UrsellPG, SplatonDJ, WhitcupSM. Cystoid macular edema after phacoemulsification: relationship to blood aqueous barrier damage and visual acuity. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery 1999, 25:1492-7.

[4]. Nicholas S, Riley A, Patel H, et al. Correlations between optical coherence tomography measurement of macular thickness and visual acuity alter cataract extraction. Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 2006:34:124-129.

[5]. Tewari HK, Wagh VB, Sony P, Venkatesh P, Singh R. Macular thickness evaluation using the optical coherence tomography in normal Indian eyes. Indian J Ophthalmol 2004; 52:199-204..

Abstract: Introduction:Peripheral artery disease is a major macrovascular complication of diabetes mellitus. The present study was carried out to find out the levels of glycosylated haemoglobin and duration of diabetes in diabetics with PAD and study its comparison to diabetics without PAD. Materials and Method:This prospective observational study was carried out from June 2015 to May2017 and 100 diabetics were enrolled who underwent Ankle Brachial Pressure Index measurement for diagnosis of PAD. The HbA1c levels and duration of Diabetes were compared between diabetics with PAD and Diabetics without PAD..............

Keywords: Diabetes, HbA1c,PVD, ankle Brachial Pressure index(ABI)

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