iosr-JDMS   Volume-16 ~ Issue-10 ~ October-2017

Abstract: Dyspepsia is affecting about 25% of general population in developed nations and it is a major cause for medical visits. New patients comprise about 10% of population every year. Dyspepsia majorly affects quality of life and it is a major burden in view of social costs. Directly the expenses are for laboratory tests, medical consultation and drugs and indirectly by absence from work.Eventhoughalarm features provides a roadmap in guiding endoscopic investigation, the complexity of those symptoms comprising dyspepsia makes it difficult.

Keywords –dyspepsia, gastric ulcer ,malignancy,gastritis,

[1]. Talley NJ. Dyspepsia: how to manage and how to treat?. Aliment PharmacolTher. 2002;16 (4):95-104.
[2]. Drossman DA, Corazziari E, Talley NJ et al. The functional gastrointestinal disorders. 2nded. In: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology and Treatment: a Multinational Consensus. Degon: McLean, Virginia;2000.
[3]. Westbrook JI, McIntosh JH, Talley NJ. The impact of dyspepsia definition on prevalence estimates: considerations for future researchers. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2000;35:227–33.
[4]. Talley NJ, Holtmann G. New concepts in functional gastrointestinal diseases: functional dyspepsia and its link to other disorders. In: Textbook of Gastroenterol. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins;2001.
[5]. Choomsri P et al. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in patients presenting with dyspepsia. Thai J Surg.2010;31:7-12.

Abstract: Background and objectives: Amenorrhoea is not a diagnosis in itself, but rather a most common clinical sign of reproductive dysfunction and the incidence of amenorrhoea due to polycystic ovarian syndrome is 28%. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of research drugs Muqil, (Commiphora muqul), Murmakki (Commiphora myrrha) and Abhal (Juniperus communis Linn) in Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) associated Secondary Amenorrhoea. Methods: A single blind non-randomized..........

Key words:PCOD; Secondary Amenorrhoea; Muqil; Murmakki; Abhal; Withdrawal Bleeding; Menstrual Regulation.

[1]. Parveen R, Shameem I. Effect of wet cupping in the management of secondary amenorrhoea. STM Journal; A Journal of Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy 2014; 1(1):12-19.
[2]. Beiber EJ, Sanfillip JS, Horowitz IR. Philadelphia. Clinical Gynaecology. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2006: 815-29.
[3]. Schorge JO, Schaffer JI, Halvorson LM, Hoffman BL, Bradshaw KD, Cunningum FG. Williams Gynaecology. 1st ed. China: Mc Graw Hill companies; 2008:105-33,365-80,383-99.
[4]. Current evaluation of amenorrhoea. The Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. WHO Guidelines 2006: Bermingham, Alama; 86(4): S148-55.
[5]. Mokaberinejad R, Zafarghandi N, Bioos S, Dabaghian FH, Naseri M, Kamalinejad M. Mentha longifolia syrup in secondary amenorrhoea: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trials. DARU journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2012; 20(97): 1-8.

Abstract: Stomach cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in both sexes worldwide.This study is a retrospective case series study done on 181 patients who were diagnosed and treated surgically as a case of carcinoma stomach at our institute for a period of 2 years from January 2015 to December 2016. The objective of the study is to investigate the incidence, clinical presentation and site of occurrence, pathological information and management of carcinoma stomach. Aim of the study:.......

Keywords: Carcinoma stomach, Antrum, adenocarcinoma, anterior gastro-jejunostomy. Introduction Gastric cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, shows marked geographical variation, with high-risk areas in Japan, China, Eastern Europe and certain countries in Latin America. Low-risk population is seen among whites in North America, India, Philippines, most countries in Africa, some Western European countries and Australia

[1]. Mohandas KM, Jagannath P. Epidemiology of digestive tract cancers in India. VI. Projected burden in the new millennium and the need for primary prevention. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2000;19:74–8.
[2]. Crawford J. The gastrointestinal tract. In: Robbins SLCR, Kumar V, Schoen FJ, eds. Pathologic Basis of Disease. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co; 1994:755–783. [Ref list])
[3]. Schwartz G. Invasion and metastasis in gastric cancer: in vitro and in vivo models with clinical considerations. SeminOncol. 1996;23:316–324.
[4]. V Rao DN, Ganesh B. Estimate of cancer incidence in India in 1991. Indian J Cancer. 1998;35:10–8.
[5]. Green D, Ponce de Leon S, Leon-Rodriguez E, et al. Adenocarcinoma of the stomach: univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with survival. Am J Oncol. 2002;25:84–89

Abstract: Hypertension is leading cause of morbidity and mortality in India, End organ damage is most common cause of morbidity leading to mortality. Strokes,myocardial infarction, renal failure are the commonest manifestation of end organ damage in patients with hypertension.Early detection and treatment of hypertension and tight control will help to reduce this morbidity and mortality. Hypertension goes asymptomatic in most of the patients .Very few studies are available to assess the end organ damage at the time of detection or diagnosis of hypertension. Hence an attempt to study the status of end organ damage (EOD) in newly detected hypertensive individuals........

[1]. Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ. Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: Systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet. 2006 May 27; 367:1747–1757.

[2]. Mancia G et al. European Society of Hypertension. Reappraisal of European guidelines on hypertension management: a European Society of Hypertension Task Force document. J Hypertens. 2009 Nov; 27(11):2121-58.

[3]. Gupta R. Trends in hypertension epidemiology in India. Journal of Human Hypertension.2004 Feb;18(2): 73–78

[4]. Vasan RS, Beiser A, Seshadri S, et al. Residual lifetime risk for developing hypertension in middle-aged women and men: The Framingham Heart Study. JAMA. 2002;287:1003-1

[5]. Winter KH, Tuttle LA, Viera AJ. Hypertension. Prim Care. 2013 Mar; 40(1):179-94. Esunge PM . "From blood pressure to hypertension: the history of research". J R Soc Med.1991 Oct; 84 (10): 621..

Abstract: Intoduction: Renal dysfunction is the common complication of HIV infection with a prevalence of 30 % in HIV patients. The spectrum of renal dysfunction is multifactorial ranging from exacerbation of chronic kidney disease to acute kidney injury. Kidney disease in the setting of HIV can pose a significant challenge to patients and clinicians by increasing the risk for AIDS- defining illness, hospitalization and death. Objectives: The prevalence of renal dysfunction among HIV-1 infected outpatients starting ART therapy in India is limited. Recent recommendation to include the Nephrotoxic drug tenofovir in the first-line ART regimens make clarification of this issue urgent............

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Abstract: Statement of problem:-soft denture lining materials has a key role in modern prosthodontics because of their capability of restoring health of inflamed and distorted mucosa, and the patients suffer from the injury , fungal or bacterial after maxillo facial surgery also the patient needed obturator prosthesis after postsurgery in the mouth . *Purpose of this study :- Evaluate the effect of incorporated povidone iodine in different volum into acrylic soft denture liner and to assessment the effect of this addition on some mechanical and physical properties . Materials and methods:-Atotal of 200..........

[1]. Anusavice KJ.:"Philips Science of Dental Materials".11th ed.philadelphia :Elsevier Saunders ;2003 pp 750-1.
[2]. Bulad K,Taylor R,Verran JF.:"Colonization and penetration of soft linning materials by candida albicans".Dent.Mater.2004;20:167-175.
[3]. Taylor RL,Bulad K,VerranJ,McCord JF.:"Colonization and deterioration of soft denture lining materials in vivo."Eur J.Prosthodontic Restor Dent .2008;16:50-55.
[4]. Mese A.:"Bond strength of soft denture liners following immersion of denture cleanser ."Biotechnology and Biotechnological Eq.,2006;20(3):184-191.
[5]. Aronson JK,Dphil,MBCHB,:"Side effect of drug :The international Encyclopedia adverse drug reactions and interactions ".Meyler's,2016.16th:875-876..

Abstract: Evolution has been in progress from the time light cure adhesives came into clinical use in orthodontics. The ongoing search for methods to enhance polymerization and reduce curing time was always given priority, which triggered the emergence of new light curing devices. In recent years, research and development in this domain has resulted in identifying several new concepts in curing systems owing to the disadvantages faced by using halogen units such as, reduced life of the bulbs, increased curing time and large unit size. In 1995, Light Emitting Diode (LED) was proposed as an excellent polymerization source. 1,2 The LED curing unit proved more efficient than conventional halogen lights as they possessed high curing efficiency, higher intensity, shorter curing time and comparable bond strength. These lights have an output of 1000 mW/cm2 and were capable of curing the brackets in 10-20 seconds. The..........

[1]. Mills RW, Jandt KD, Ashworth SH. Dental composite depth of cure with halogen and blue light emitting diode technology. Br Dent J 1999; 186:388–391.
[2]. Mills RW. Blue light emitting diodes - another method of light curing? Br Dent J 1995; 178:169.
[3]. 3M Unitek instruction guide for OrtholuxTM Luminous Curing Light Fast Curing Cordless LED Light.
[4]. 3M Unitek OrtholuxTM Luminous Curing Light. Frequently Asked Questions.
[5]. Markus Niepraschk, Christos Rahiotis, T. Gerard Bradley, Theodore Eliades, George Eliades. Effect of various curing lights on the degree of cure of orthodontic adhesives. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2007; 132:382-4.

Abstract: Background: Peripheral intravenous access is the most frequent procedure of action in emergency department installations. The installation of peripheral venous by conventional methods often fails in patients with unpalpable veins, although performed by trained medical personnel. There is a need for peripheral venous cannulation innovation with greater success rate, one of them using ultrasound. Objective: comparing the effectiveness (number of attempts, time, cost) as well as the emerging complications in obtaining peripheral intravenous access between conventional and ultrasound methods in patients with unpalpable venous access............

Keywords: peripheral vein, ultrasound, conventional, vascular access

[1]. Au, AK, Rotte, MJ, Grzybowski, RJ, Ku, BS & Fields, JM. 2012, 'Decrease in central venous catheter placement due to use of ultrasound guidance for peripheral intravenous catheters', Am J Emerg Med, vol. 30, no. 9, pp. 1950-4. Multicenter Study.

[2]. Bauman, M., Braude, D. and Crandall, C., 2009. Ultrasound-guidance vs. standard technique in difficult vascular access patients by ED technicians. The American journal of emergency medicine, 27(2), pp.135-140.

[3]. Chinnock, B., Thornton, S. and Hendey, G.W., 2007. Predictors of success in nurse-performed ultrasound-guided cannulation. The Journal of emergency medicine, 33(4), pp.401-405.
[4]. Costantino, T.G., Parikh, A.K., Satz, W.A. and Fojtik, J.P., 2005. Ultrasonography-guided peripheral intravenous access versus traditional approaches in patients with difficult intravenous access. Annals of emergency medicine, 46(5), pp.456-461.

[5]. Dargin, J.M., Rebholz, C.M., Lowenstein, R.A., Mitchell, P.M. and Feldman, J.A., 2010. Ultrasonography-guided peripheral intravenous catheter survival in ED patients with difficult access. The American journal of emergency medicine, 28(1), pp.1-7...

Abstract: Introduction:- Acute STEMI is one of the leading cause of death in the world. It is less common in younger individuals ( less than 45 yrs). But it is of more clinical importance in younger patients, because it can cause premature death and long term disability in the form of heart failure . . Recently the incidence of STEMI is significantly increasing in younger population due to risk factors like obesity, diabetes, smoking etc. Prevention of these lethal heart condition requires a through understanding of their risk factors. Aim :- To analyse the risk factors in young STEMI patients who are admitted in the intensive coronary care units Materials And Methods:-.............

Keywords: STEMI ,young MI

[1]. YUNYUN et al: Analysis of riskfactors of ST – Segment elevation myocardial infarction in young patients, BMC, 14: 179- 85, 2014.
[2]. JAMIL et al : Risk factor assesment in young patients with acute myocardial infarction, AJCD, 3: 170 – 74, 2013.
[3]. SK CHUA et al: Acute ST elevation myocardial infarction in young patients : 15 years of experience in a single center, clin. Cardiol.33: 140 – 148, 2010....

Abstract: This is a prospective analytical study done on 50 patients with perforative peritonitis in Govt Rajaji Hospital, Madurai. The objective of the study was to analyse Mannheim Peritonitis Index, APACHE-II and p-POSSUM by comparing Discriminatory ability, Positive predictive value, Sharpness of prediction and Reliability of prediction. Online calculators were used to calulate risk of mortality and statistical analysis was done with SPSS Version 15 for Windows.MPI score is apt for hospitals in a peripheral setting as it does not overemphasize on intensive monitoring and biochemical values.APACHE-II is a highly accurate score with good reliability at higher scores and moderate sharpness. p-POSSUM is less difficult to calculate than APACHE-II and as if not more reliable. None of the scores here provide..........

Keywords: APACHE,Mannheim Peritonitis Index,Peritonitis,p-Possum, Scoring

[1]. Dellinger EP. Use of scoring systems to assess patientswith surgical sepsis. Surg Clin North Amer 1988; 68:123-145.
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[4]. Moser KH, Bouillon B, Troidl H, Koppen L. Validationof the continuous APACHE score (CAPS~) for a better prediction of outcome in surgical ICU patients. TheorSurg 1989; 3: 192-197.
[5]. Schein M, Gecelter G, Freinkel Z, Gerding H.APACHE 11 in emergency operations for perforatedulcers. Am J Surg 1990; 159: 309-313..

Abstract: The main objective of this study is to show our experience and the interest of endoscopic surgery and especially the multilayer technique in the treatment of post-traumatic osteo-dural defects in the roof of the ethmoid bone in the pediatric population.35of children, 13 girls / 22 boys, mean age 8 years old (range from 02-15years) with post-traumatic cerebrospinal rhinorrhea, radiological exploration including multipl anarscanner Theses children were operated in 2011-2015 by an endoscopic approach with the multilayers technique. A long-term follow-up ranges from 12 to 52mois.The major symptom is unilateral rhinorrhea in all patients (100%), Repeated Meningitis was observed in 15children.........

Keywords: endoscopy, ethmoid roof , morbidity, multilayer, , rhinorrhea

[1]. F. Di Rocco, V. Couloigner, P. Dastoli, C. Sainte-Rose, M. Zerah, G. Roger, Treatmentof anterior skull base defects by a transnasal endoscopic approach in children, J.Neurosurg. Pediatr. 6 (2010) 459–463.
[2]. R.N. Shah, J.B. Surowitz, M.R. Patel, B.Y. Huang, C.H. Snyderman, R.L. Carrau, et al., Endoscopic nasoseptal flap reconstruction for pediatric skull base defects, Laryngoscope119 (2009) 1067–1075.
[3]. K.M. Lloyd, K.M. DelGaudio, P.A. Hudgins, Imaging of skull base CSF leaks in adults, Radiology 248 (2008) 725–736.
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[5]. A. Kassam, A.J. Thomas, C. Snyderman, R. Carrau, P. Gardner, A. Mintz, et al.Fully endoscopic expanded endonasal approach treating skull base lesions in pediatric patients, J. Neurosurg. 106 (2 Suppl.) (2007) 75–86.

Abstract: Background: Cellular metabolism is known to be altered in cancer cells which switch to glycolysis and lactate fermentation for ATP production (Warburg Effect) providing a growth advantage for cancer cells. The "Warburg Effect" is mediated by dysregulation of metabolic enzymes. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is one of the metabolic enzymes; it catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate, with subsequent NADPH/NADH release. Recently, IDH1 mutation was discovered to be involved in multiple human cancers, such as adult gliomas, acute myeloid leukemias, prostate cancer, and colorectal cancer. This study aim to evaluate IHC expression IDH1 mutation in non-neoplastic and neoplastic non- melanoma epithelial skin lesions and correlate its expression with clinicopathological features of patients. Materials and methods: Fifty patients were..........

Keywords: IDH, IHC, skin cancer

[1]. Gabriel JL, Zervos PR, Plaut GW.Activity of purified NAD-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase at modulator and substrate concentrations approximating conditions in mitochondria.Metabolism.1986;35(7):661–667.
[2]. Jennings GT, Sechi S, Stevenson PM, Tuckey RC, Parmelee D, McAlister-Henn L. Cytosolic NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase. Isolation of rat cDNA and study of tissue-specific and developmental expression of mRNA.J Biol Chem. 1994;269(37):23128–23134.
[3]. Nekrutenko A, Hillis DM, Patton JC, Bradley RD, Baker RJ. Cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase in humans, mice, and voles and phylogenetic analysis of the enzyme family.MolBiolEvol.1998;15(12):1674 –1684.
[4]. Sanson M, Marie Y, Paris S, et al. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 codon 132 mutation is an important prognostic biomarker in gliomas. J ClinOncol.2009;27(25):4150–4154.
[5]. Bleeker FE, Lamba S, Leenstra S, et al. IDH1 mutations at residue p.R132 (IDH1(R132)) occur frequently in high-grade gliomas but not in other solid tumors. Hum Mutat. 2009;30(1):7–11..

Abstract: Among the congenitally missing teeth in permanent dentition maxiller lateral incisors are most frequently missing teeth. Because of being at anterior region lack of these teeth effects phsycologic and social status of the patients and in terms of esthetic,phonetic and physyology replacement of these teeth immediately is very important for the patients. With the developments in adhesive technologies fiber reinforced adhesive bridges are an alternative to traditional methods for treatment of this condition, because of being more conservative, more economic and a reversible method for being noninvasive to abutment teeth or dental tissues. In this case report restoration of congenitally missing maxiller lateral incisor with fiber reinforced adhesive bridge and 18-months follow-up have been expressed.

Keywords:Hypodontia , Polyethylene fiber, Ribbond , Adhesive Bridge

[1]. PJ. De Coster, LA. Marks, LC. Martens and A. Huysseune, Dental agenesis: genetic and clinical perspectives, J Oral Pathol Med,
[2]. 38(1), 2009,1-17.
[3]. A. Khetarpal, S.Talwar and M. Verma,Creating a Single-Visit, Fibre- Reinforced,Composite Resin Bridge by Using a Natural Tooth
[4]. Pontic: A Viable Alternative to a PFM Bridge, J ClinDiagn Res., 7(4),2013, 772-5
[5]. CP. Marinello , KH. Meyenberg, N. Zitzmann , H. Lüthy , U. Soom and M. Imoberdorf,Single-tooth replacement: some clinical.

Abstract: Calculus disease of the biliary tract is one of the most common problems affecting the digestive tract .It accounts for more than 95% of calculus disease which include cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis. Choledocholithiasis is associated in 10-15% of patients with cholelithiasis. Its incidence in india is increasing, due to the change in lifestyle and dietary modifications. Primary bile duct stones are of brown pigment type . Secondary bile duct stones are those migrating from the gall bladder and its major component is cholesterol variety. Patients admitted in various surgical units of GRH, Madurai between September 2010- Nov.2011 encompass the materials of this study.A total of 58 patients with CBD stones included. Slight Female preponderance was observed.Most of the CBD calculi............

Keywords: Choledocholithiasis,CBD Exploration,Endoscopic Sphincterotomy,Jaundice,Pain

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Abstract: Hypertension is a chronic medical condition, which require high compliance and modification in lifestyle. As it is widely believed that hypertension prevalence has increased worldwide and especially among our geographic area which is in this case Bahrain. WHO reported: "Globally, nearly one billion people have high blood pressure (hypertension); of these, two-thirds are in developing countries"1. In addition, WHO also published in April 2011 that hypertension in Bahrain reached 11% of total death percentage, which make it the third cause of death. The prevalence of hypertension in Bahrain is 16.3%2.From a medical point view, blood pressure is determined by the amount of blood.........

[1]. Ministry of health , Bahrain cited 13 Oct 2011,Available from http://intranet.health.gov.bh/Docs/Reports%20%20Studies/NCD%20Survey%20Report.pdf
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[4]. Health profile in Bahrain [podcast on the internet]. available from: http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/sitemap.
[5]. WHO Statistical Information Service (WHOSIS).2011..