iosr-JDMS   Volume-16 ~ Issue-10 ~ October-2017

Abstract: Background: Cough causes various complications during emergence from general anaesthesia especially in smokers. Objective of the Study: To assess the efficacy of intracuff alkalinized 2% lidocaine as compared to saline in reducing cough, sore throat and hoarseness during emergence in smokers undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Materials and Methods: 50 smoking patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia including nitrous oxide (N2O) were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either endotracheal tube intracuff 2% lidocaine plus 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (Group I, Study Group), or endotracheal tube intracuff 0.9% saline (Group II, Control Group). The endotracheal...........

Keywords –Intracuff alkalinized 2% lidocaine, Smoking, Cough, Sore throat, Emergence, Surgery

[1]. Schwilk B, Bothner U, Schraag S, Georgieff M. Perioperative respiratory events in smokers and non-smokers undergoing general
anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1997; 41: 348-55.
[2]. Myles PS, Iacono GA, Hunt JO, Fletcher H, Morris J, McIlroy D, Fritschi L. Risk of respiratory complicat ions and wound infection
in patients undergoing ambulatory surgery: Smokers versus nonsmokers. Anesthesiology 2002; 97: 842-7.
[3]. Navarro LHC, e Lima RM, Aguiar AS, Braz JRC, Carness JM, Modolo NSP. The effect of intracuff alkalinized 20% lidocaine on
emergence coughing, sore throat and hoarseness in smokers. Rev Assoc Med Bras Mar/Apr 2012; 58(2).
[4]. Suzuki N, Kooguchi K, Mizobe T, Hirose M, Takano Y, Tanaka Y. Postoperative hoarseness and sore throat after tracheal
intubation: effect of a low intracuff pressure of endotracheal tube and usefulness of cuff pressure indicator. Masui 1999; 48: 1091-
5.
[5]. Shroff PP, Patil V. Efficacy of cuff inflation media to prevent postintubationrelated emergence phenomenon: air, saline, and
alkalinized lignocaine. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2009; 26: 458-62.

Abstract: Background: Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease which is characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone micro-architecture, resulting in increased susceptibility to fractures. The pathological fracture due to osteoporosis is a serious medical problem and a notable burden on the health care system. Many patient will experience significant functional loss, poor health –related quality of life and higher mortality rate. Many breakthroughs have been made in order to prevent osteoporotic fracture and improve the quality of life. However, today, a completely safe, effective and generally accepted treatment for osteoporosis has not been
defined yet. Objectives: This study is under taken.............

Key words:Osteoporosis, bone mineral density, Dexa- scan, teriparatide, zolendronic acid

[1]. Tokgoz N, Akdeniz M, Ucar M, Kilic K and Celik A. Is quantitative magnetic resonance imaging valuable in the assessment of
trabecular bone structure in osteoporosis? Eklem Hastalik Cerrahisi. 2013; 24:2-6.
[2]. Aslan A, Uysal E and Karakoyun Ö. Bone mineral density value in Kastamonu and area of Turkish society women. J Clin Anal
Med. 2013;4:209-12.
[3]. Aslan A, Karakoyun O, Guler E, Aydin S, Gok MV and Akkurt S. Evaluation of bone mineral density, osteoporosis prevalence and
regional risk factors in Turkish women living in Kastamonu: KASTURKOS study. Eklem Hastalik Cerrahisi. 2012; 23:62-7.
[4]. Wiktorowicz ME, Goeree R, Papaioannou A, Adachi JD, Papadimitropoulos E: Economic implications of hip fracture: health
service use, institutional care and cost in Canada. Osteoporos Int 2001, 12:271-78.
[5]. Cauley JA, Hochberg MC, Lui LY, Palermo L, Ensrud KE, Hillier TA, Nevitt MC, Cummings SR: Long-term risk of incident
vertebral fractures. JAMA 2007, 298:2761-67.

Abstract: Blood donation is major concern to the society as donated blood is life saving for those who need it. There is no substitute for blood. Voluntary blood donation is safe source of good quality blood and ideal method to face blood shortage. College students constitute large healthy group of assessable quality blood providers if they are motivated and sensitized about the importance of blood donation. Hence, this study was undertaken to know the knowledge and practice of blood donation among medical students Methodology: A cross sectional study was done among 200 preclinical medical students with the help of pretested, semi structured questionnaire during the month of January 2015.The data was analyzed by using MS-Excel and the results were represented in the form of tables and figures.........

Keywords: attitude, blood donation, knowledge, medical students, practice

[1]. Dr. Mrigendra Amatya. Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Blood Donation among Students of Different Colleges of Kathmandu, Nepal. International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archives 2013; 4(3): 424 – 428.
[2]. H. Sanayaima Devi, Jalina Laishram, Shantibala K, Vijaya Elangbam. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of Blood Safety and Donation. Indian Medical Gazette,january2012
[3]. S. Manikandan, R. Srikumar, P. N. Ruvanthika. A Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Blood Donation among Health Professional Students in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, South India. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume Issue 3, March 2013
[4]. Zeeshan Ahmed, Mubashir Zafar, Adeel Ahmed Khan, Muhammad Umair Anjum and Muhammad Asad Siddique.Knowledge, Attitude and Practices about Blood Donation among Undergraduate Medical Students in Karachi. J Infect Dis Ther 2014, 2:2
[5]. Umakant G Shidam, Subitha Lakshminarayanan, Suman Saurabh, Gautam Roy. KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE REGARDING BLOOD DONATION IN RURAL PUDUCHERRY, INDIA National Journal of Community Medicine│Volume 6│Issue 1│Jan – Mar 2015 Page 64

Abstract: Background: Dental implants are the new modalities for replacement of missing teeth. Dentists should have the basic knowledge relevant to periimplant diseases and implant maintenance programs. Aim: As dental implants are becoming an important treatment for replacing teeth these days, it's beneficial for the dental practitioners to have some kind of knowledge on dental implant pathologies and maintenance programs. Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of peri-implant diseases and implant maintenance programs among a sample of dentists in the state of Khartoum........

Keywords: Knowledge of Peri-Implant Diseases and Implant Maintenance, Dentists Khartoum-Sudan

[1]. Adriane Yaeko Togashi, R. A. C., Mathalia Coimbra Pereira. (2014) Level of Knowledge of Dentists About the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peri-implantitis. Dental Press Implantol, 8, 9.
[2]. Alireza Pounasrollah, R. N., Seyyed Mahdi Vahid Pakdel (2015) Evaluation of the Knowledge of General Dental Practitioners in Tabriz about the Implant Treatment Planning. Advances in Bioscience and Clinical Medicine, 3(3).
[3]. Anahita Ashuri Moghaddam, N. K., Mahsa Javadi Aghdam (2015) Assessment of Dentists' Knowledge of Peri-implant Inflammatory Diseases and Their Related Treatment in Rasht. Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Pathology and Surgery, 4(2), 6.
[4]. Basutkar, N. (2013) Assessment of knowledge related to implant dentistry in dental practitioners of north Karnataka region, India. Journal of Dental Implants, 3(1), 26.
[5]. Lang, N. P., Bridges, S. M. & Lulic, M. (2011) Implant dentistry in undergraduate dental curricula in South-East Asia: forum workshop at the University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 19-20 November 2010. J Investig Clin Dent, 2(3), 152-5.

Abstract: Background: ENT diseases are amongst most common causes for patient to report to hospital in both rural and urban setups. Since India is developing country with growing economy, its health system is still evolving. This study was done to assimilate the data on patients reporting to ENT OPD and emergency in past 2 years, so that the future treatment and trend of diseases could be studied and managed. It will help in further reconstruction of health care system of barpeta.. Objective: To study the epidemiological profile of otorhinolaryngology disorders in the patients attending OPD and emergency ,Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College and Hospital at Barpeta............

Keywords: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media, Epidemiology, emergency.

[1]. Mina R, Bisht RS, Sikarwar V, Arya A. An Epidemiological profile of otolaryngological disorders in patients attending ENT OPD
of H.N.B. Base teaching hospital of VCSGGRAM &R I,Srinagar, Pauri, Garwal.Int J Med Res REV2015;39110:1333-
1338.doi:10.17511/ijmrr.2015.i11.242.
[2]. Srivastava, Dayawanti et al.(ed)2010"states and union territories:Assam:Goverment",India2010: A Reference Annual(54th
ed).New Delhi ,India .Additional Director general, publication devision. Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India) . P. 1116
ISBN978-81-230-1617-7.
[3]. "Island Directory Tables:Island by Land area‟United Nation Environment program. 18th Feb1998.Retrived 11th October
2011."Iturup (Etorofu) 3,238km.
[4]. ‟‟District census 2011‟‟ Census2011.co.in.2011.Retrived 30 september2011.
[5]. Deo MG. "Doctor Population ratio for India-the reality". Indian J Med Res.2013 Apr; 137 (4):632-5.

Abstract: Rabies has long been thought to be an invariably fatal disease with few reports of survival being available. Because of the fulminant course of the disease, imaging is mostly not possible in these patients. Even though rabies is definitively confirmed by the isolation of virus from biological samples or detection of the rabies antigen or antibodies, diagnosis is essentially clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain can be used as one of the modalities of investigation for the early detection of rabies and for distinguishing it from other encephalitis.

Keywords: Encephalitis, MRI, rabies

[1]. Hemachudha T, Laothamatas J, Rupprecht CE. Human Rabies: a disease of complex neuropathogenetic mechanisms and diagnostic challenges. Lancet Neurol. 2002;1:101–9.
[2]. Rao AS, Varma DR, Chalapathi Rao MV, Mohandas S. Case report: Magnetic resonance imaging in rabies encephalitis. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2009;19:301-4.
[3]. WHO Expert Consultation on Rabies. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2005;93:1–88.
[4]. Rupprecht CE, Hanlon CA, Hemachudha T. Rabies re-examined. Lancet Infect Dis. 2002;2:327–43.
[5]. Jain M, Mathur RK. MRI in Rabies Encephalitis. Available from: http://www.maxhealthcare.in/newsletter/max-medical-journal/may-11/mri-in-rabies.html [Last accessed on 2015 Mar 24]...

Abstract: Background And Objectives: Regional anaesthesia is becoming more popular especially with the advent of safer drugs and techniques; This study was conducted in elective surgeries of upper limb below the elbow to compare two regional anaesthesia techniques i.e. th upraclavicular brachial plexus block and Bier's Block with respect to 1. The onset of Analgesia 2. Quality of Analgesia 3. The degree of motor blockade. 4. Duration of Analgesia 5.Complications if any............

Keywords: Regional anaesthesia, Brachial plexus block, Biers block, 0.5% plain lidocaine, 1% plain lidocaine

[1]. Wegener JT, Van Ooij B, Hollmann MW, Stevens MF.Value of single injection or continuous sciatic nerve block in addition to a continuous femoral nerve block in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, a 101 prospective, randomised, controlled trial.Reg Anesth Pain Med 2011,36(5);481-488

[2]. Bromage PR. Mechanism of action. In: Bromage PR, ed. Epidural analgesia. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 1978:119-159

[3]. Chilvers CR, Kinahan A, Vaghadia H, Merrick PM. Pharmacoeconomics of intravenous regional anaesthesia vs general anaesthesia for outpatient hand surgery. Can J Anaesth 1997;44: 1152-1156

[4]. Carrel, Edson et al; intravenous regional anaesthesia for childhood fractures Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care: April 1971 - Volume 11 - Issue 4 - ppg 301-305

[5]. Aarons CE, Willsey M, Peterson B, Key C, Fabregas J Bier block regional anaesthesia and casting for forearm fractures: safety in the pediatric emergency department setting; J Pediatr Orthop. 2014 Jan;34(1):45-9..

Abstract: Background and objectives: The objects of the study were to compare the laryngoscopic view and the hemodynamic changes by using flex tip McCoy laryngoscope with Macintosh laryngoscope.Observations and results:The mean rise in heart rate from a pre-induction value of 72.74 ± 0.1976 to 97.68 ± 0.2892 Beats per Minute (bpm) was noted in group Macintosh, while in group Mc'Coy the mean rise in heart rate was observed from 72.64 ± 0.1995 to 86.10 ± 0.2559 bpm. The mean rise in SBP from the pre-induction value from 113.5 ± 0.3490 to 145.3 ± 0.3366 mm of Hg was noted in group Macintosh, while in group Mc coy the mean rise in SBP was observed from 112.9 ± 0.2686 to 127.6 ± 0.1639 mm of Hg. Laryngeal view comparison: All patients in both groups were of Mallampati 1 and 2.patients intubated.............

Keywords: Macintosh laryngoscope blade, McCoy laryngoscope blade, laryngoscopy, tracheal intubation, Visualization of vocal cords

[1]. E. P. McCoy, R. K. Mirakhur and B. V. McCloskey, ―A Comparison of the Stress Response to Laryngoscopy. The Macintosh versus the McCoy Blade,‖ Anaesthesia, Vol. 50, No. 11, 1996, pp. 943-946. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1995.tb05924.
[2]. T. Nishiyama, T. Higashizawa, H. Bito, A. Konishi and T. Sakai, ―Which Laryngoscope Is the Most Stressful in Laryngoscopy; Macintosh, Miller or McCoy?‖ Masui. The Japanese Journal of Anesthesiology, Vol. 46, No. 11, 1997, pp. 1519-1524
[3]. Tewari P, Gupta D, Kumar A, Singh V. Opioid sparing during endotracheal intubation using McCoy laryngoscope in neurosurgical patients: the comparison of haemodynamic changes with Macintosh blade in a randomized trial. J Postgrad Med 2005; 51(4): 260-265
[4]. Sarabjit Kaur, Asha Gupta, Ranjana, Rita ―Intubating Conditions and Stress Response to Laryngoscopy: Comparison between Macintosh and Levering(McCoy‟s Type) Laryngoscope‖ J Anaesth Clin Pharmacol 2009; 25(3): 333-336..

Abstract: Introduction:Sepsis is one of the commonest & major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Sepsis alone contribute 30-50%of the total neonatal deaths in developing countries like India.1,2In March 2002, CDC launched a campaign to reduce prevalence of antibiotic resistance. It recommends "use local data" byusing institution's antibiogram.(20) Objectives:The study was aiming at assessing the proportion of neonatal admission and death due to all causes in NICU and SNCU of Medical College, Kolkata; finding out causative organism of sepsis; sensitivity and resistance to antimicrobial agents. Methodology:It was a descriptive observational.............

Keywords: Sepsis, Magnitude, Antibiogram, Neonate, Kolkata

[1]. Bang AT, Bang RA, Bactule SB, Reddy HM, Deshmukh MD. Effect of home-based neonatal care and management of sepsis on neonatal mortality: field trial in rural India. Lancet. 1999;354:1955–61. [PubMed]
[2]. Stoll BJ. The global impact of neonatal infection. ClinPerinatol. 1997;24:1–21. [PubMed]
[3]. Rajaratnam JK, Marcus JR, Flaxman AD, Wang H, Levin-Rector A, Dwyer L, et al. Neonatal, post-neonatal, childhood, and under-5 mortality for 187 countries, 1970-2010: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 4. Lancet. 2010;375:1988–2008. [PubMed]
[4]. United Nations Children‟s Fund (UNICEF) State of the World‟s Newborns 2001.
[5]. Report of the National Neonatal Perinatal Database (National Neonatology Forum) 2002-03....

Abstract: Objective: It was aiming to know the diagnostic efficacy of biomarkers as serum creatinine (SCr) and serum cystatine C (SCysC) to evaluate prognosis of CIN in the hospital-admitted patients among eastern Indians. Methods: 100 patients were selected for primary coronary angioplasty between February2015 – January2016. Out of 100 patients, 95 patients were evaluated for development of CIN and categorized into CIN and non-CIN groups, which was further divided into male, female and combination of them. SCr value was checked on day-1 (baseline), after 24hr (day-2) and 48hr (day-3). SCysC value was also estimated on day-1 (baseline) and after 24hr (day-2). Statistical analyses were done in all groups at P<0.05 level............

Keywords: Biochemical biomarkers, Contrast-induced nephropathy, Percutaneous coronary and peripheral intervention, Risk of CIN, Serum creatinine and cystatin C

[1]. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease. Kidney International Supplements, 3, 2013, 1-150. [2]. T. Perrin, E. Descombes, and S. Cook, Contrast-induced nephropathy in invasive cardiology, Swiss Medical Weekly, 142, 2012, w13608.
[3]. P.A. McCullough, A. Adam, C.R. Becker, C. Davidson, N. Lameire, F. Stacul and J. Tumlin, Epidemiology and prognostic implications of contrast-induced nephropathy, The American Journal of Cardiology, 98(6A), 2006, 5-13K.
[4]. N.M.A. Mohammed, A. Mahfouz, K. Achkar, I.M. Rafie and R. Hajar, Contrast-induced nephropathy, Heart Views, 14(3), 2013, 106-116.
[5]. C.M. William and Chui, Contrast-induced nephropathy, Hong Kong Medical Diary, 15, 2010, 18-19.

Abstract: Introduction:Salivary neoplasms (SN) are rare but not uncommoncondition. Benign and malignant tumors can arise from both epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Parotid gland is most commonly involved. Diagnosis and treatment remain complex and challenging since facial nerve passes right through the middle of the gland. Material and methods: we obtained following data from medical record. We had 30 cases of salivary neoplasms.Out of 30, 28 were parotidneoplasms , 1 from submandibular gland and 1 from minor salivary gland. Among 28 parotid neoplasms, 25 were benigntumors and 3 were malignant tumors. Out of 25 benign tumors, 22 were pleomorphic adenomas and 3 were Warthinstumors. Among malignant parotid neoplasms,2 were mucoepidermoid and 1 adenoid cystic carcinoma. Though............

Keywords: Adenoid cystic carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), Salivary neoplasms (SN)andWarthins tumor (WT).

[1]. Guzzo M, Locati LD, Prott FJ, Gatta G, McGurk M, Licitra L. Major and minor salivary gland tumors. Crit Rev OncolHematol. 2010; 74:134–148.

[2]. Tumors of the salivary glands. In: Barnes L, Eveson JW, Reichart P, Sidransky D (eds) World HealthOrganization classification of tumors: pathology and genetics of head & neck tumors. IARC Press, Lyon,2005; pp 208-281.

[3]. Courtney M. Townsend, R. Daniel Beauchamp, B.Mark Evers, Kenneth L. Mattox; Sabiston text book of surgeyManesar; : Elsevier, Ed. 19th, 2015; vol (i) 811-813.

[4]. Fonseca FP, de VasconcelosCarvalho M, de Almeida OP, Rangel AL, Takizawa MC, Bueno AG, Vargas PA. Clinicopathologic analysis of 493 cases of salivary gland tumors in a Southern Brazilian population. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2012;114:230–239

[5]. Eveson JW, Cawson RA. Salivary gland tumours. A review of 2410 cases with particular reference to histological types, site, age and sex distribution. J Pathol. 1985;146:51–8..

Abstract: Aims & Objectives: To know the yield of CT guided FNAC and histopathological profile in suspected clinco-radiological cases of malignancy. Materials And Methods: This is a prospective study done from July 2015 to Jun 2016 in clinico-radiological suspected patients of malignancy placed peripherally.CT guided FNAC was done under all aseptic conditions and aspirate was sent for histopathological evaluation. Results: Out of 50 cases of suspected mass lesion, 36 were males (74%) and rest 14 were females(36%) with ratio 2.8: 1. The smoking pattern was 72% with maximum in males(70%) and minimum females (2%). The histopathological diagnosis was made in 44 cases with higher incidence of malignant lesion. Among malignant lesions(39), squamous cell carcinoma (32%) commonest followed...........

Keywords: CT guided FNAC, lung mass , histopathology

[1]. Haaga et al, Lung Tumours: CT Sign Radiology 2009; 190: 841-46
[2]. Shah S, Shukla K, Patel Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of lung tumours – A study of 100 cases. Indian J PatholMicrobiol 2007;50:56-83.Siegelman SS, Khouri NF, LEO FP, Fishman EK: Solitary Pulmonary Nodule CT Assessment. Radiology1986; 160:307-312.
[3]. Yamashita: SPN Preliminary Study of Evaluation with Implemental Dynamic CT. Radiology 1995; 194:399-405
[4]. Gouliamos AD, Giannopoulos DH, Panagi GM, FletoridisNK,Deligeorgi-Politi HA, Vlahos LJ. Computed tomography- guided fine needle aspiration of peripheral lung opacities : An initial diagnostic procedure Actacytologica 2000; 44(3): 344-348
[5]. Mohammad GM. CT guided fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of thoracic lesions. JIMA 2001;99(10): 1-5.

Abstract: Nanobiomaterials are materials with basic structural units, grains, particles, fibers, or other constituent components smaller than 100nm in at least one dimension, have evoked a great amount of attention for improving disease prevention ,diagnosis, and treatment. Tissue engineering and regeneration improve damaged tissue and organ functionality. While tissue engineering has hinted at much promise in the last several decades, significant research is still required to provide exciting alternative materials to finally solve the numerous problems associated with tradi- tional materials. Nanotechnology may have the answers since only nanobiomaterials can mimic surface properties (including topography and energy) of natural tissues. For these reasons, over the last decade, nanobiomaterials have been highlighted as promising candidates for improving dental medicines.

[1]. Weir E, Lawlor A, Whelan A, Regan F. The use of nanoparticles in anti-microbial materials and their characterization. Analyst 2008; 133(7): 835-45
[2]. Seoktae K. Single-walled carbon nanotubes exhibit strong antimicrobial activity. Langmuir 2007; 23(17): 8670-3.
[3]. Lyon DY, Fortner JD, Sayes CM, Colvin VL, Hughe JB. Bacterial cell association and antimicrobial activity of a C60 water suspension. Environ Toxicol Chem 2005; 24(11): 2757-62
[4]. Moghimi SM. Nanomedicine: prospective diagnostic and therapeutic potentials. Asia Pacific Biotech News 2005; 9(20): 1072-7
[5]. Sondi I, Salopek-Sondi B. Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria. J Coll Inter Sci 2004; 275(1): 177-82.

Abstract: Background And Objectives: Perineal trauma is the most commonly encountered surgery in the day-to-day practice of an obstetrician. The factors which may influence the extent of any subsequent maternal morbidity include the type of suture material which is used, the suturing technique and the skill of the operator. The use of synthetic materials in episiotomy repairs reduce the postpartum pain and provides a better wound healing.The present study was designed to study the two different suture materials, namely, vicryl rapide and chromic catgut for episiotomy repair, in relieving the postpartum morbidity associated with episiotomy repair. Methods:This study is a prospective..............

Keywords: Sutures, Episiotomy, Perineal pain, wound healing, maternal morbidity

[1]. Leurox N, Bujold E. Impact of chromic catgut versus polyglactin-910 versus fast absorbing polyglactin-910 sutures for perineal repair : A randomized, controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006;l94: 1585-90.
[2]. Mackrodt C, Gorden B, Fern E, Ayers S, Truesdale A, Grant A. The Ipswich childbirth study : 2. A randomized comparison of polyglactin-910 with chromic catgut for postpartum perineal repair. BJOG l998;l05:44l-445.
[3]. Perumal D, Selvaraju D. Comparative study of episiotomy repair: absorbable synthetic versus chromic catgut suture material. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2017;6:2186-90.
[4]. Kettle C, JohansonRB. Absorbable synthetic versuscatgutsuture material for perineal repair. Cochrane Database Syst Rev2000: CD000006.
[5]. Shah PK, Nickalse P, Gourewar V, Dholakia S. A randomized comparative study of polyglactin-910 vs chromic catgut for postpartum episiotomy repair : A pilot study. Obstet Gynaec 200l;6(8):465-68

Abstract: Surgical site infections constitute a major financial problem in healthcare. Although, the complete elimination of infections is difficult, a reduction in the wound infection rate to a minimum level will benefit the patient in terms of both the patient comfort and the resources used.1 These principles will help to prolong life successfully and alleviate fears of complications such as death when performed carefully. With the advent of antibiotic course in the middle of the 20th century, there came a whole new dimension to treat and prevent surgical infections. The present generation of surgeons have seen increasing numbers of serious infections related to a complex combination of factors such as prolonged duration of complicated surgeries; an increase in the number of geriatric patients with accompanying...........

[1]. Anthony T, Murray BW, Sum‐Ping JT, et al. Evaluating an evidence‐based bundle for preventing surgical site infection: a randomized trial. Arch Surg 2011;146(3):263-269.
[2]. Awad SS. Adherence to surgical care improvement project measures and post‐operative surgical site
[3]. infections. Surg Infect (Larchmt)2012; 13(4):234‐237.
[4]. Thomas WEG, Reed MWR, Wyatt MG. Health care associated infection. Chapter 1.5.3. Oxford textbook of fundamentals of surgery. 1st edn. UK: Oxford University press 2016:182-184.
[5]. Collee JG, Marr W. Specimen collection, culture containers and media. In: Collee JG, Marmion BP, Fraser AG, et al, eds. Mackie and McCartney practical medical microbiology. 14th edn. London: Churchill Livingstone 2006:p. 95-111...

Abstract: Congenital and acquired defects of the face create an unfortunate condition for the affected individual. To lead a comfortable life patient requires facial rehabilitation. To perform rehabilitation of such patients, reassessment of materials used in the field of maxillofacial prosthesis seems desirable. Maxillofacial material should best suit the ideal selection criteria to satisfy the functionality, biocompatibility, aesthetics as well as the durability. While the new materials have exhibited many desirable properties they have also exhibited some frustrating deficiencies. This article presents a systemic review of the materials used for maxillofacial prosthesis..

Keywords: Heat-vulcanized silicones, Maxillo-facial materials, Room temperature vulcanized Silicones

[1]. The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms. 8th ed. J Prosthet Dent 2005:94:7-92.
[2]. Kenneth J. Anusavice, Chiayi Shen, H. Ralph Rawls. Phillips' Science of Dental Materials. 12th ed. Elsevier; 2013.
[3]. Harsh Mahajan, Kshiliz Gupta. Maxillofacial prosthetic material: A literature review. J Orofac Res. 2012;2(2):87-90.
[4]. Khindria SK, Bansal S, Kansal M. Maxillofacial prosthetic materials- Review Article. J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2009;9(1):2-5.
[5]. Udita S Maller , Karthik KS , Sudhakara V Maller. Maxillofacial Prosthetic Materials - Past & Present Trends. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010;1(2):26-30..

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global pandemic & India is one of the major TB endemic countries. The worldwide magnitude of modern tuberculosis is so great that in April 1993 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared tuberculosis to be a global emergency.It is important to accurately characterize Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) as NTM are inherently resistant to many conventional anti-tuberculosis drugs, require modified treatment regimens and are often misdiagnosed as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR). Differentiation between MTBC and NTM is done by either conventional biochemical tests or molecular methods. The former are time consuming and cumbersome while the latter are expensive, require trained personnel.............

Keywords: MPT64, MTBC, NTM

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Abstract: Tooth loss and subsequent ridge collapse continue to burden restorative implant treament. Careful management of the post-extraction tissues is needed to preserve the alveolar ridge. In-lieu of surgical augmentation to correct a ridge defect, the socket-shield technique offers a promising solution. As the root submergence technique retains the periodontal attachment and maintains the alveolar ridge for pontic site development, this review article demonstrates the hypothesis that retention of a prepared tooth root section as a socket-shield prevents the recession of tissues buccofacial to an immediately placed implant.

Keywords: Alveolar bone preservation, buccal bone, esthetic zone, extraction socket, immediate implant, socket shield

[1]. Hürzeler MB, Zuhr O, Schupbach P, Rebele SF, Emmanouilidis N, Fickl S. The socket‐shield technique: a proof‐of‐principle report. Journal of clinical periodontology. 2010 Sep 1;37(9):855-62
[2]. Anas B, Shenoy KK. Socket Shield Technique-A Neoteric Approach in Ridge Preservation. Scholars Journal of Dental Sciences, 2017; 4(3):125-128
[3]. Schropp L, Wenzel A, Kostopoulos L, Karring T . Bone healing and soft tissue contour changes following single-tooth extraction: a clinical and radiographic 12-month prospective study. Int J Period Resto Dent 2003; 23: 313-23.
[4]. Buser D, Martin W , Belser UC. Optimizing esthetics for implant restorations in the anterior maxilla: anatomic and surgical considerations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2004; 19 Suppl:43-61.
[5]. Von Arx T, Brägger U, Scheuber S, Bosshardt D. Implantat therapie nach Frontzahntrauma. Schweiz. Monatsschr. Zahnmed. 2013;123:417–427