iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-9 ~ September-2018

Abstract: Small foci of extramedullary hematopoiesis can be a normal finding in the lymph nodes of infants and children. However, the presence of large foci of extramedullary hematopoiesis(EMH) in children or the presence of any degree of EMH in lymph nodes in adults is an abnormal finding. Hereditary disorders of red blood cells and chronic myeloproliferative disorders are the usual causes in children and adults respectively. Proliferation of bone marrow elements in a lymph node, in a patient with no known hematologic disorder, should trigger immediate bone marrow evaluation, as this could be the first clue in diagnosing underlying bone marrow disorder..

Key words: Extramedullary hematopoiesis, lymph node, fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC)

.......

Abstract: Aim was to observe the post operative complications following IOL surgery in "reach in" camps.In this prospective study carried out over a period of 1 year taking 486 patients with uncomplicated cataract attending "reach in" camps out of 2154 patients were assessed for the occurrence of complications post operatively. Early and late post-operative complications were recorded until 4-6 week follow up period.In early complications, uveitis reported the highest(6.16% ECCE,2.70%SICS) and the least common was endophthalmitis (0.68% ECCE).After cataract(4.12%ECCE,4.05% SICS) was found to be the most predominant late complication with the least incidence in case of secondary glaucoma (0.68% ECCE,0.90% SICS). The post-operative BCVA was excellent(6/6 to 6/18) for 81% in ECCE and 86% in SICS group. Overall complications were 27% in ECCE group and 20% in SICS group.

[1]. Duke Elder S : System of Ophthalmology, disease of lens and vitreous, glaucoma and hypotony, volunteers. 11,st.Louis, CV Mosby, 1969,p.248-64
[2]. Minassian DC, Mehran V. 3.8 million blinded by cataract each year. Projection from the first epidemiological study of incidence of cataract blindness in India. BrJ Ophthalmology 1990,74:341-3Bener A, Zirie M, Musallam M, Khader YS, Al-Hamaq AOAA. Prevalence ofmetabolic syndrome according to adult treatment panel III and internationaldiabetes federation criteria: a population-based study. Metabolic Syndromeand Related Disorders. 2009;7(3):221–230
[3]. govt.of India annual report, ministry of Health and family welfare, new delhi
[4]. WHO:global initiative for elimination of avoidable blindness report no. WHO/PBL/97.61Brunzell JD, Davidson M, Furberg CD, et al. Lipoprotein management inpatients with cardiometabolic risk:consensus statement from the American diabetes association and the american college of cardiology
[5]. Natchiar God, Robin A L, Thulasiraj etc al. Attachment of backlog of India's curable blind, the Aravind eye hospital model, 112:987-993.

Abstract: Background: Anal fissure is a one of the most common and painful benign anorectal disease and its clinical management is still controversial despite several systematic reviews. Chronic anal fissure is defined by a history of symptoms present for more than 2 months' duration and with a triad of external skin tags, namely, a hypertrophied anal papilla, an ulcer with rolled edges, and a base exposing the internal sphincter. Because complications such as incontinence are associated with surgical treatment, chemical sphincterotomy is currently favored. Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare the difference in outcome between open partial lateral internal sphincterotomy and application of topical 2% diltiazem ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure............

Key words: Chronic anal fissure, open partial lateral internal sphincterotomy, calcium channel blocker, topical diltiazem.

[1]. Cross KL, Massey EJDA, Fowler AL, Monson JRT.The management of anal fissure: ACPGBI position statement.Colorectal Dis.2008;10(Suppl 3):1-8.doi:10.1111/j.1463-1318.2008.01681.x.[Pubmed]
[2]. Orsay C, Rakinic J, Perry Brian W, et al. ASCRS practical parameters for the management of anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum. 2004;47:2003–2007. doi: 10.1007/s10350-004-0785-7

[3]. CKS/NHS Anal fissure, http://www.cks.nhs.uk/anal_fissure#-314748

[4]. Lund JN, Scholefield JH. Aetiology and treatment of anal fissure. Br J Surg. 1996;83:1335–1344. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800831006. [PubMed] [Cross Ref]

[5]. Richard LN. Medical treatments are only marginally better than placebo, but surgery may cause incontinence. BMJ. 2003;327: 354e355

Abstract: The incidence of hydatidiform moles is 1 per 1,000 pregnancies. Ectopic pregnancy occurs in 20 per 1,000 pregnancies. Thus, the incidence of the ectopic molar gestation is very rare. Hydatidiform moles are abnormal gestations characterized by the presence of hydropic changes affecting some or all of the placental villi. Hydatidiform moles arise as a result of the fertilization of an abnormal ovum. A dermoid cyst (also called as "mature teratoma") is a sac-like growth that may be present at birth. It contains structures such as hair, fluid, teeth or skin glands that can be found on or in the skin. In some cases, especially when in the ovary, it also contains........

[1]. Burton JL, Lidbury EA, Gillespie AM, Tidy JA, Smith O, Lawry J. Overdiagnosis of hydatidiform mole in early tubal ectopic pregnancy. Histopathol. 2001; 38(5): 409-417.
[2]. E. Szulman and U. Surti, "The syndromes of hydatidiform mole. I. Cytogenetic and morphologic correlations," American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 131, no. 6, pp. 665–671,1978.
[3]. K. D. Bagshawe, J. Dent, and J. Webb, "Hydatidiform mole in England and wales 1973–1983," The Lancet, vol. 328, no. 8508, pp. 673–677, 1986.
[4]. Salem S, Rumack CM, Wilson SR. The uterus and adnexa. In: Hurley RA, Corra E, editors. Diagnostic Ultrasound. 2nd ed., Vol. 1. Cambridge: Mosby Year Book; 1998. p. 558.
[5]. Alotaibi MO, Navarro OM. Imaging of ovarian teratomas in children: a 9-year review. Can Assoc Radiol J 2010 Feb;61(1):23-28.

Abstract: Tracheostomy is a life saving procedure that is done in ICU's. it reduces both the mortality and morbidity of patients. Slowly percutaneous tracheostomy (PCT) is becoming common in hospitals catering to population of middle economic class. The major concern is related to the high cost of marketed PCT kits. We performed PCT in 40 patients in ICU in an innovative way with results similar to PCT done with standard kits thereby reducing the cost of the patient from approximately ₹8000/- to ₹500/- Our technique is now followed as a standard technique for all PCT's done in our hospital. Corresponding Author: Dr Krishna Murty.

........

Abstract: Eyes are organs of the visual system. They provide organisms with vision, the ability to receive and process visual detail, as well as enabling several photo response functions that are independent of vision. Eyes detect light and convert it into electro-chemical impulses in neurons. The loss or absences of an eye which are caused by a congenital defect, irreparable trauma, tumor, a painful blind eye, and sympathetic ophthalmia evaluate the need for histologic confirmation of a suspected diagnosis. There may be several cases of accidents which cause loss of single eye. Loss of eye leads to severe physical and psychological trauma to the patient. Ocular prosthesis is the only mode of rehabilitation for the missing eye. There are different materials and techniques used for the fabrication of the same. Resin proved to be the better among the available materials. Physical defects that..........

Key words: eye prosthesis, ocular prosthesis, customized eye, eye defect

[1]. Lubkin V, Sloan S. Enucleation and psychic trauma. Adv Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 1990;8:259–62. [PubMed]
[2]. Raflo GT. Enucleation and evisceration. In: Tasmun W, Jaeger E, editors. Duane's Clinical Ophthalmology. Revised edition. Vol. 5. Phildelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1995. pp. 1–25.
[3]. Parr GR, Goldman BM, Rahn AO. Surgical considerations in the prosthetic treatment of ocular and orbital defects. J Prosthet Dent. 1983;49:379–85. [PubMed]
[4]. Benson P. The fitting and fabrication of a custom resin artificial eye. J Prosthet Dent. 1977;38(5):532–8. [PubMed]
[5]. Murphey PI, Schlossberg L. Eye replacement by acrylic maxillofacial prosthesis. Naval Med Bull.1944;43:1085..

Abstract: The management of fractures of the proximalhumerus has always been a challenge to the orthopaedic surgeons. The significant increase in the number of cases is noted due to increase in the number of elderly people with osteoporotic bones and also due to increase in the incidence of high velocity road traffic accidents resulting in fractures of proximal humerus in young adults. Various modalities of internal and external fixation have been tried to get the best possible results ,but no single method has given uniformly good results in everybody's hands. Out of the various modalities described closed reduction and percutaneous pinning is minimally invasive method with minimal damage to the soft tissues.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the management of fractures of proximal humerus by closed reduction and percutaneous fixation by smooth............

[1]. Buhr AJ, Cooke AM ,Fracture patterns.Lancet. 1959 Mar 14;1(7072):531-6.
[2]. Lind T, Krøner K, Jensen J.The epidemiology of fractures of the proximal humerus. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1989;108(5):285-7.
[3]. NeerCS.Displaced proximal humeral fractures. I. Classification and evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1970 Sep;52(6):1077-89.
[4]. Neer CS.Displaced proximal humeral fractures. II. Treatment of three-part and four-part displacement J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1970 Sep;52(6):1090-103.
[5]. Sidor ML, Zuckerman JD, Lyon T, Koval K, Cuomo F, Schoenberg N.TheNeer classification system for proximal humeral fractures. An assessment of interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility.J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1993 Dec;75(12):1745-50..

Abstract: A teen pregnancy woman in infancy often has a very high morbidity before, during and after childbirth. The objective of this study was determine epidemiological and obstetrical profile of childbirth in adolescents. A descriptive cross-sectional study in health areas Kilwa ,Kasenga and Kashobwe all pregnant adolescents, aged 10 to 19 years old came to birth. The analyzes were performed using SPSS 20.0 software. The frequency of childbirth in adolescents was 14%; (69.28%) had age over 15 years with an average age of 16; in (68.98%) parturients were illiterate and..........

Key words: Epidemiological Profile, teenage pregnancy, southern Haut Katanga / Ground

[1]. Meeting on Pregnancy and Abortion in Adolescence (1974: Geneva), World Health Organization. Pregnancy and abortion in adolescence: report of a WHO meeting [Geneva, 24-28 June 1974] [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization Language; 1975 p. 27 p. Available at: http://www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/38270.
[2]. Deschamps JP. Adolescent mothers, relatives teenager. Arch Public Health. 1992; 50 (25): 172.
[3]. WHO. early marriage, teenage pregnancy and young women. March 2012. (Sixty-fifth World Health Assembly). Report No .: A65 / 13.
[4]. Yoba M, Kizonde. early motherhood in Lubumbashi. Congo Med. 2001; 3 (1): 26-30.
[5]. Luhete PK, Mukuku O, Tambwe AM Kayamba PKM. Study of maternal and perinatal outcome during childbirth in adolescents in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo. Pan Afr Med J. 2017; 26: 182.-.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon of unclear etiology with an increasing incidence in India. Typical symptoms are diarrhoea, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain and fever. Sulfasalazine is effective well tolerated first line therapy for mild, moderate and severe ulcerative colitis. AIM: To Study the Clinical Remission in Ulcerative Colitis patients on Sulfasalazine at our hospital. METHODS: Retrospective data of70 Patients with Ulcerative colitis on sulfasalazine, diagnosed by Clinical, Endoscopic and Histopathologic evaluation, from year 2014-2017 at our hospital were included in the study and patients with other comorbidity, non-compliance to treatment,on azathioprine or biologicals were excluded. The primary end point was Clinical.......... .

[1]. Grisham, MD. 1994. Oxidants and free radicals in infl ammatory bowel disease. Lancet, 344:859–61.
[2]. Hanauer SB. 2004. Review article: aminosalicylates in inflammatory bowel ulcerative colitis. Aliments Pharmacol Ther, 20:(Suppl 4)60–5.
[3]. Hanauer SB, SandbornWJ, Kornbluth A, et al. 2005. Delayed-release oral
[4]. mesalamine at 4.8 g/day (800 mg tablet) for the treatment of moderately active disease. Ascend II Trial. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 100:2478–85.
[5]. Kaiser GC, Yan F, Polk DB, et al. 1999. Mesalamine blocks tumor necrosis factor growth inhibition and nuclear factor kappaB activation in mouse colonocytes. Gastroenterology, 116:602–9.
[6]. Kane SV, Bjorkman DJ. 2003. The effi cacy of oral 5-ASAs in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis: A Systematic Review.

Abstract: Introduction Ameloblastoma has its inclusion in a group of odontogenic tumours that originate from the odontogenic remnants of various tissues which remain trapped in the bone or soft tissue. Management of Ameloblastoma occupies a space in our specialty where the treatment protocol still remains controversial. Various authors have debated over the best approach to treat this tumour. Considering the benign nature of the tumour, it is advisable to offer different treatment options to the patient. The decision whether to go for a conservative or radical approach should also be based on various clinical entities like age, aesthetics, aggressiveness of the tumour etc. Materials and method This is a retrospective study of 9 cases of ameloblastoma diagnosed and treated with Enucleation, peripheral ostectomy and chemical..........

Key words: Resection, Enucleation, Cauterization, Peripheral ostectomy.

[1]. Chapelle KAOM, Stoelinga PJW, de' Wilde PCM. Rational approach to diagnosis and treatment of ameloblastomas and odontogenic keratocysts. Br J Oral Max facSurg 2004; 42:381-390.
[2]. Bedi NS, Grewal P. Different treatment modalities for the management of ameloblastoma. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res 2016;4(1):96-100.
[3]. Zain BR and Janakarajah N. Ameloblastoma: A still controversial tumour. Med. J Malaysia. 1985;40 (2): 115-119.
[4]. Stephen A. Sachs. Surgical excision with peripheral ostectomy: A definitive, yet conservative, approach to the surgical management of Ameloblastoma. J oral maxillofacsurg. 2006; 64: 476-483.
[5]. Robinson HB. Ameloblastoma: a survey of 379 cases from the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1937;23:831..

Abstract: A Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a group of diseases that require continuous treatment with a strategy for decreasing blood sugar levels. Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor- ϒ (PPAR-ϒ) is a receptor that may effect the insulin signaling to enhance the insulin sensitivity.Puguntano is a plant of Sumatera Utara used hereditary as anti diabetic.Our study aimsto investigate the effect of Puguntano extract (Curangafel-terrae Merr.) towardsPPAR-ϒ levels inT2DM Wistar rat model. It is an experimental study with posttest-only control group design, was conducted in April to August 2018 at Laboratorium Unit PenelitianFakultasKedokteranUniversitasPadjadjaran, Bandung. The samples wereT2DM Wistar rat model was divided into 2 groups: control group and experiment group. Experiment group was given puguntano extract(200mg/Kg). Changes that occurred.......

[1]. Perkeni (The Indonesian Society of Endocrinology). Konsensus Diagnosis Dan Penatalaksanaan Diabetes Melitus. Jakarta: BalaiPenerbit; 2015.
[2]. Lindarto D, Syafril S, Zein U, Saragih A. The effect of Dhawalsan-1 (Curangafel-terrae [Lour.]) Extract Versus Metformin on the Metabolic and Inflammatory Characteristics of Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2016;9(1): 225-228.
[3]. Taylor R. Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes. 2012; 61(14): 778-779.
[4]. Bermudez V, Finol F, Parra N, Parra M, Perez A, Penaranda L, et al. PPAR-ϒ Agonists and Their Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Management. American Journal of Therapeutics. 2010; 17: 274-283.
[5]. Pattanayak A.K, Bankura B, Balmiki N, Das T K, Chowdhury S. Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of West Bengal, India. J Diabetes Invest. 2014; 5:188-191.

Abstract: Haemorrhoids is a common human illness that has limited choice accessible for the typical open surgical procedure. The foremost common complication of open surgical procedure is operative pain caused by spasm of the inner sphincter muscle. Lateral internal sphincterotomy could be an ordinarily performed procedure for relieving spasm and pain. Hence, we tend to determine whether or not addition of lateral internal sphincterotomy beside surgical procedure will facilitate within the operative pain relief. The aim of this study is to compare of open haemorrhoidectomy without lateral internal sphincterotomy and haemorrhoidectomy with lateral internal sphincterotomy. The study conducted between January 2014 to December 2016 in a district level public hospital and several private hospitals in Feni districts, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Patients......

Key words: Hemorrhoids, hemorrhoidectomy, Lateral sphincterotomy, Post operative pain

[1]. Quraishy SM, Idris F, Sultan N. Outpatient treatment of hemorrhoids with electronic coagulatorinitial experience with 103 patients. Med Spectrum. 1999; 21:20-2.
[2]. Suchdev S, Ghayassuddin M, Younus SM, Mirani AJ, Ghias N, Qazi A, et al. Calcium Channel Blockers for pain relief after aemorrhoidectomy; a randomized controlled trial from Karachi, Pakistan. Pak J Surg. 2014; 30(2):187-92.
[3]. Hosch SB, Knoefel WT, Pichlmeier U, Schulze V, Busch C, Gawad KA, et al. Surgical treatment of piles: Prospective, randomized study of Parks vs. Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy. Dis Colon Rectum. 1998; 41:159-64
[4]. Safwan AT. Routine internal sphincterotomy with the hemorrhoidectomy for third and fourth degree hemorrhoids greatly improves the outcome. IJGE. 2003;4(1):48-51
[5]. Davies J, Duffy D, Boyt N, Aghahoseini A, Alexander D, Leveson S. Botulinum toxin (botox) reduces pain after hemorrhoidectomy: results of a double-blind, randomized study. Dis Colon Rectum. 2003;46:1097-1102

Abstract: Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as a glucose intolerance during pregnancy where the blood glucose level remains below the diagnostic values of diabetes mellitus. The differences in the prevalence of GDM reported in these studies are as much due to ethnic and racial characteristics as it is to the screening protocols and diagnostic criteria used
Objective: Assess the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Nyala City. South Darfur-Sudan. Methodology: This study is a descriptive hospital-based study carried out in Nyala City, South Darfur, Sudan during the period from May 2014 to November 2014). The sample size was 200 Sudanese pregnant women aged between 15 - 40 years, and.........

Key word: Gestational diabetes mellitus, Sudanese, pregnant, Darfur

[1]. Reece EA, Leguizamon G, Wizinitze A; gestational diabetes: the need for a common ground, Lancet. 2009 May 23;373(9677):1789-97.
[2]. Kaaja R, Creer IA, Manifestation of chronic disease during pregnancy. JAMA 2005, 294: 2751 - 7. Cross Re Medline web Science.
[3]. Coustan DR. Gestational diabetes mellitus. Clin Chem. 2013 Sep;59(9):1310-21.
[4]. Seshigh V, Balajiv, Balaji MS, et al. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in South India (Tamil Nalu) - a community-based study. A ssocphysicians India 2008;56: 329 - 33.
[5]. Anna V, van der Ploeg HP, Cheung NW, Huxley RR, Bauman AE. Socio-demographic correlates with the increasing trend in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in a large population of women between 1995 and 2005. Diabetes Care. 2008 Dec;31(12):2288-93.

Abstract: Background: Globally, India Is A Home For More Than 25% Of Global Tuberculosis (TB) Burden. The Sensitivity Of Smear Microscopy And Its Inability To Detect Drug Resistance Limits Its Impact On TB Control. Early And Accurate Diagnosis Is The First Critical Step In Controlling TB. The Control Of TB Is Hampered By Diagnostic Methods With Sub-Optimal Sensitivity, Particularly For The Detection Of Drug Resistant Forms And In Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection. Early Detection Is Essential To Interrupt Transmission And Reduce The Death Rate, But The Complexity And Infrastructure Needs Sensitive Methods Which Limit Their Accessibility And Effect. Diagnosis Of Extra Pulmonary TB (EPTB) Remains Especially Challenging Since The Number Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) Bacilli Present In Tissues At Sites Of Disease Is Often..........

Key words: Cartridge-Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT); Tuberculosis; Fluorescent Microscopy; MGIT: MYCOBACTERIAL GROWTH INDECATOR TUBE MDR-TB: Multi-Drug Resistant TB;.

[1]. Lawn SD, Zumla AI. Tuberculosis. Lancet. 2011; 378:57–72. [PubMed: 21420161]
[2]. World Health Organisation. Global Tuberculosis Report 2015. Geneva; 2015. Web site. http://www.who.int/tb/publications/ global_report/en/. Accessed August 17, 2017.
[3]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated guidelines for the use of nucleic acid amplification tests in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep. 2009; 58:7– 10. [PubMed: 19145221]
[4]. Lawn SD, Nicol MP. Xpert(R) MTB/RIF assay: development, evaluation and implementation of a new rapid molecular diagnostic for tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. Future Microbiol. 2011; 6:1067–1082. [PubMed: 21958145]
[5]. Boehme CC, Nabeta P, Hillemann D, et al. Rapid molecular detection of tuberculosis and rifampin resistance. N. Engl. J. Med. 2010; 363:1005–1015. [PubMed: 20825313].

Abstract: Introduction: There is a high incidence of Pterygium in our country. Pterygium effects corneal curvature as well as contrast sensitivity. Hence in this study 50 patients with pterygium were taken and the effect of pterygium excision on corneal curvature and contrast sensitivity were studied. Material and Methods: It was a prospective interventional study.50 patients who underwent pterygium excision were taken. Corneal curvature and contrast sensitivity were tabulated pre-operatively as well as after pterygium excision.The follow up duration was 1 month after pterygium excision.The astigmatism induced by primary pterygium was measured......

[1]. Kanski's Clinical Ophthalmology 8 th edition pg no. 162-164
[2]. Duke ES. System of Ophthalmology, vol. 8, part 1, 2nd ed. London: Henry Kimpton; 1965, pp 573-583
[3]. YagmurM,O¨ zcan AA, Sari S, Ersoz TR (2005) Visual acuityand corneal topographic changes related with pterygium surgery. J Refract Surg 21:166–170
[4]. Bahar I, Loya N, Weinberger D, Avisar R (2004) Effect of pterygium surgery on corneal topography: a prospective study. Cornea 23:113–117
[5]. Maheshwari S (2007) Pterygium-induced corneal refractive changes. Indian J Ophthalmol 55:383–386.

Abstract: Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a slowly progressive, chronic degenerative disease that is characterized with varying degrees of joint cartilage loss with local inflammation and peri-articular bone rebuild.The progression of cartilage lesions manifests with pain, stiffness, swelling, decreased joint range of motion while significantly affecting the quality of life.Osteoarthritis is the most common cause of disability in the older population. Disability is caused by pain and limitations in mobility.Patients resistant to topical and oral pharmacological treatments can benefit from intra-articular injections platelet rich plasma (PRP) and surgical techniques like Proximal Fibular Osteotomy (PFO), High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO) and Total Knee Replacement (TKR).........

Keywords:Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis Knee,PFO, PRP Injection, VAS, WOMAC, OKS

[1]. Vincent KR, Conrad BP, Fregly BJ, Vincent HK. The pathophysiology of osteoarthritis: a mechanical perspective on the knee joint. PM&R. 2012; 4(5):S3-S9.
[2]. Michael JW, Schlüter-Brust KU, Eysel P. The epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. DtschArzteblInt 2010;107:152-62.
[3]. Felson DT, Naimark A, Anderson J, Kazis L, Castelli W, Meenan RF. The prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in the elderly: The Framingham Osteoarthritis Study. ArthritisRheum. 1987; 30(8):914-918.
[4]. Neogi T, Zhang Y. Epidemiology of osteoarthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2013;39:1–19. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
[5]. Wei XC, Wang XH, Li PC, et al. Proximal Fibular Osteotomy, A New Surgery For Pain Relief and Improvement of Joint Function in Human Knee Osteoarthritis: a Short-Term Clinical Study. Poster #: 1071. ORS 2016 Annual Meeting at the Disney's Coronado Springs Resort in Orlando, Florida, March 5–8..