iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-9 ~ September-2018

Abstract: Introduction: The pregnant woman is usually young and in good health before she becomes critically ill; hence, her prognosis will be hopefully be better if she receives timely intensive care intervention. The objective was to analyze all, consecutive critically ill obstetric patients admitted to Post Anaesthesia Intensive care unit after caesarean section with respect to the obstetric intensive care utilization rate, their clinical course, treatment, ICU interventions, prediction of maternal mortality by APACHE II score, and maternal outcome. AIMS: To know the indications of transfer of post Lower Segment Caesarian Section (LSCS)patients to post anaesthesia care unit, To know the Post anaesthesia intensive care unit utilization rate, To know the clinical course, treatment and ICU interventions............

Key words: Lscs Patients, Maternal Morbidity And Mortality, Apache Ii Score.

[1] Trikha A, Singh P. The critically ill obstetric patient-recent concepts. Indian J Anaesth.2010;54:421–7.
[2] Minal Harde, Sona Dave, Sachin Wagh, Pinakin Gujjar, Rakesh Bhad de, and Aarati Bapat Prospective evaluation of maternal morbidity and mortality in post-cesarean section patients admitted to postanesthesia intensive care unit J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2014 Oct-Dec; 30(4): 508–513.doi: 10.4103/0970- 9185.142844.
[3] Lapinsky SE, Kruczynski K, Seaward GR, Farine D, Grossman RF. Critical care management of the obstetric patient. Can J Anaesth. 1997;44:325–9.
[4] Selo-Ojeme DO, Omosaiye M, Battacharjee P, Kadir RA Risk factors for obstetric admissions to the intensive care unit in a tertiary hospital: a case- control study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2005 Sep; 272(3):207-10.
[5] Al-Suleiman SA, Qutub HO, Rahman J, Rahman MS Obstetric admissions to the intensive care unit: a 12-year review. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2006 Apr;274(1):4-8. Epub 2006 Jan 24.

Abstract: Introduction:The term ''odontogenic tumors'' comprises a group of neoplasms and hamartomatous lesions derived from cells of tissues involved in the formation of teeth or remnants of tissues that has been involved in the Odontogenesis.1The tumors occur exclusively in three locations(i) intraosseous (centrally) in the maxillofacial skeleton(ii) extraosseous (peripherally) in the gingiva or alveolar mucosa overlying tooth bearing areas.TheyArise denovo without any causative factor2.Developmental odontogenic cysts may contribute to the formation of some Odontogenic tumors and Intraosseous Squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and methods:- The present study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada in the period between January 2016 to December 2017. Total number of cases were 41..........

Key words- Odontogenic tumors, cysts.Benign ,malignant

[1] Odontogenic and maxilofacial bone tumours. In: el-naggarak, Chan JkC, GrandisJr, Takata T, slootweg P, editors. WHO classification of Head and neck Tumours. 4th ed. lyon: IarC; 2017.205-60.
[2] Wright JM, Vered M. Update from the 4th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and neck Tumours: Odontogenic and maxillofacial bone tumors. Head neck Pathol. 2017;11:68-77.
[3] Odontogenic tumors. In: barnes l, eveson J, reichart P, sidransky D, editors. World Health Organization classification. Pathology and Genetics of Head and neck Tumors. 3rd ed. lyon: IarC Press; 2005.283-327.

[4] brunner P, bihl M, Jundt G, baumhoer D, Hoeller s. braF p.V600e mutations are not unique to ameloblastoma and are shared by other odontogenic tumors with ameloblastic morphology. Oral Oncol. 2015;51:e77-8.
[5] bologna-Molina r, Mosqueda-Taylor a, Molina-Frechero n, Mori-estevezaD, sán- chez-acuña G. Comparison of the value of PCna and ki-67 as markers of cell proliferation in ameloblastic tumors.Med Oral Patol Oral Cir bucal. 2013;18:e174-9

Abstract: Introduction: Epilepsy and headaches are the common neurological disorders that co-occur more often than would be expected by chance. The re occurrence of epilepsy and headaches has become a concern issue as it frequently brings uncertain symptoms and outcomes in different ages. Objective: Our aim is to analyze the frequency of epilepsy related headaches, classify these headaches, and arid to classify seizure among the epilepsy related headache patients. Methodology: The study was conducted in Department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka for around two years. Total 376 epileptic patients were examined.......

Keywords: Epilepsy, Headaches, Seizure, Post ictal, Pre ictal, Symptoms

[1] Leniger T, von den Driesch S, lsbruch K, l)ienerNC, Hufnagel A, 2003, 'Clinical characteristics of patients with coinorbidity o migraine and epilepsy', Headache, vol. 43, no. 6, pp-672-7.
[2] Marks DA, Ehrenberg BL, 1993, 'Migraine-related seizures in adults with epilepsy, with EEG correlation', Neurology, vol. 43, pp-2476-83
[3] Leniger T, lsbruch K, von den Dricsch S, Diener TIC. Hufnagel A, 2001, 'Seizure associated headache in epilepsy, Epilepsia, Vol. 42, '10. 9, -l 176-9.
[4] Förderreuther S, Henkel A, Noachtar S, Straube A, 2002, 'Headache Associated with Epileptic Seizures: Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics', Headache. vol. 42, pp-649-5
[5] Karaali-Savrun F, Göksan B, Yeni SN, Ertan S, Uzun N, 2002, 'Seizure-related headache in patients with epilepsy', Seizure, vol. 11, pp-67—9..

Abstract: Aim: To study the awareness and knowledge of Diabetic retinopathy among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in a rural based hospital of Central India Materials and Methods: A prospective time bound study was done among the 89 consecutive diagnosed patients with Diabetes Mellitus visiting Ophthalmology department of a rural based hospital in M.P. All patients went through the questionnaire translated in the language they understand and patients were judged on the basis of their answers. A comprehensive ocular examination was carried out. Documentation of both anterior segment and posterior segment was done by digital imaging system. Statistical analysis was carried out using Univariate Analysis (chi square test).........

Key words: Awareness, Knowledge, Diabetic Retinopathy, Early Treatment

[1]. WHO report October 2013- WHO Factsheet on Diabetes: WHO Health Statistics 2013; pg1.
[2]. Wild Sarah , MB BCHIR,PHD, Gojka Roglis, MD,Anders Green,MD,PHDDr Med Sci,Richard Sigree MBBS,MPH,Hilary King MD,DSC:Global Prevalence Of Diabetes; Diabetes Care 27:1047-1053,2004
[3]. Sobha Sivaprasad, FRCS, Bhaskar Gupta, MRCOphth, Roxanne Crosby-Nwaobi, Msc and Jennifer Evans, PhD; Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy In Various Ethnic Groups: A Worldwide Perspective: Surv Ophthalmol 57: 347-370, July-August2012.
[4]. Klein R, Davis MD, Moss SE, et al. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. A comparison of retinopathy in younger and older onset diabetic persons. Adv Exp Med Biol. 985; 189:321—35
[5]. Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD,

Abstract: Guillain Barre Syndrome is an Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy(AIDP) condition1. It is a rare but serious medical emergency characterized by rapid onset of muscle weakness caused by immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system leading to weakness, numbness and tingling eventually causing paralysis2. The incidence rate is 1.2-3/100,000 persons per year globally.

[1]. Yuki N, Hartung HP. Guillain-Barre Syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366:2294-2304. [PubMed]
[2]. Alter M. The epidemiology of Guillain-Barre´ syndrome.Ann Neurol 1990;27(Suppl):S7–S12
[3]. Prineas JW. Pathology of the Guillain-Barre´ syndrome.Ann Neurol 1981;9(suppl):6–19
[4]. Winer JB, Hughes RA, Osmond C. A prospective study ofacute idiopathic neuropathy. I. clinical features and theirprognostic value. J NeurolNeurosurg Psychiatry 1988;51:605–612
[5]. Asbury AK, Cornblath DR. Assessment of current diagnostic criteria for Guillain-Barre syndrome, Ann Neurol , 1990, vol. 27 Suppl(pg. S21-4)

Abstract: Background: There has been a rise in the magnitude of dermatological diseases in India. It is generally agreed that the pattern of skin diseases differs in different countries, and within the various regions of same country depending on social, economic, racial and environmental factors. Many workers have reported various patterns of skin diseases from different parts of India. So far, no such report is available from this backward district of Andhra Pradesh state. To fill the lacunae, we decided to undertake a study on the skin disease pattern in this premier hospital of Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh state. *Objective & Aim: We conducted this study to find out the various patterns of skin diseases in relation to age, sex, occupation, and socio-economic status which influence the patients attending to SKIN OPD, RIMS GENERAL HOSPITAL, in SRIKAKULAM which is a tertiary care hospital and to identify the risk factors of skin diseases among the population of our area and to determine the burden of these.........

Keywords: Tertiary care, Pattern of skin diseases, Infective skin diseases, Non-infective skin diseases, occupational dermatoses.

[1]. Rook A, Savin JA, Wilkinson DS. The Prevalence, incidence and ecology of diseases of skin, In : Rook A. Wilkinson DS, Ebling FJ, Champion RH, Burton JL, editors, Text book of Dermatology. Oxford University Press: Mumbai 1987. p. 39-53.
[2]. Mehta TK. Pattern of skin diseases in India. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1962;28:134-9.
[3]. Gangadharan C, Joseph A, Sarojini PA. Pattern of skin diseases in Kerala. Indian J Dermatol Venereol leprol 1976;42:49-51.
[4]. Dayal SG, Gupta GP. A cross section of skin diseases in Bundelkhand region, UP. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1977;43:258-61.
[5]. Jaiswal AK, Singh Gurmail. Pattern of skin diseases in Kashmir region of India. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1999;65:258-60.

Abstract: Background: Diarrhoea is a leading cause of death in children, accounting for 9% of all deaths among children under age 5 worldwide in 2015.Treatment with ORS has reduced significantly the incidence of mortality and morbidity caused by diarrhoea. Probiotics are commonly used in the treatment and prevention of acute diarrhoea. Probiotics are live microbial feeding supplements that beneficially affect the host animal by improving its microbial balance. However, the clinical efficacy of probiotics in the treatment and prevention of acute infectious diarrhoea has not been fully established. Aim; The present study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic consumption to decrease the severity and duration of diarrhoea in children aged 6 months to 5 years...........

Keywords: diarrhoea,lactobacillus, probiotics, dehydration, zinc.

[1]. Bryce J, Baschi-Pinto C, Shibuya K, Black RE, and the WHO Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group. WHO estimates of the causes of death in children. Lancet 2005; 365: 1147-52.
[2]. Boschi-Pinto et al., Estimating child mortality due to diarrhoea in developing countries, 2008, 713.

[3]. WHO and MCEE estimates 2015(By category > Mortality and global health estimates > Child mortality > Causes of child death > Number of deaths by cause > By country)
[4]. Fauveau V, Yunus M, Zaman K, Chakraborty J, Sarder AM. Diarrhoea mortality in rural Bangladeshi children. J Trop Pediatr 1991;37:31-6.

[5]. Puffer RR, Serrano CV. Patterns of mortality in childhood: report of the Inter-American Investigation of Mortality in Childhood. Washington, D.C.: Pan American Health Organization, 1973. (PAHO scientific publication no. 262.)

Abstract: A very common occurrence in medical colleges nowadays is finding junior resident struggling to perform even a basic surgical procedure. Workshop based learning or Simulation-based learning in surgery is a learning model where an environment similar to real life surgical situation is created for the trainee to learn various surgical skills. In this study my objectives were to compare the effectiveness of video assisted and simulator based learning in teaching suturing skills to the students, to compare the knowledge regarding the sutures and suturing methods and to assess student's perception towards these methods. Study design was experimental study and on considering the results students who were exposed to video based learning scored better in the post-test MCQ's when..........

KEYWORDS: Workshop based learning, Video based learning, Suture training.

[1]. .Morris MC, Gallagher TK, Ridgway PF. Tools used to assess medical students competence in procedural skills at the end of a primary medical degree: a systematic review. Med Educ Online. 2012;17. doi:10.3402/meo.v17i0.18398.PubMedGoogle Scholar
[2]. Alam M, Nodzenski M, Yoo S, Poon E, Bolotin D. Objective structured assessment of technical skills in elliptical excision repair of senior dermatology residents: a multirater, blinded study of operating room video recordings. JAMA Dermatol. 2014;150(6):608-612.PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
[3]. Martin JA, Regehr G, Reznick R, et al. Objective structured assessment of technical skill (OSATS) for surgical residents. Br J Surg. 1997;84(2):273-278.PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
[4]. Khan MS, Bann SD, Darzi AW, Butler PE. Assessing surgical skill using bench station models. PlastReconstr Surg. 2007;120(3):793-800.PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
[5]. Acton RD, Chipman JG, Gilkeson J, Schmitz CC. Synthesis versus imitation: evaluation of a medical student simulation curriculum via objective structured assessment of technical skill. J Surg Educ. 2010;67(3):173-178.PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref

Abstract: Introduction :Le mésentère est l'organe de soutien de l'intestin grêle, il peut être la cible d'atteintes primitives ou secondaires, son exploration est facile par la TDM multi-détecteur, l'objectif de notre étude est d'illustrer les atteintes primitives du mésentère.
Matériel et méthode :Etude rétrospective incluant 69 observations des atteintes primitives du mésentère colligées au service de radiologie du CHU de Fès, Maroc, sur une durée de 4 ans (Janvier 2014- Décembre 2017). L'exploration des patients comporteuneéchographieabdominale, un scanner abdomino-pelvienou thoraco-abdomino-pelvien, une IRM pourcertains patients. Une confirmation anatomopathologique a étéobtenue pour les casnécessitantune confirmation pré-thérapeutique...........

[1]. P. Puech, F. Cotton, O. Pellet, N. Blineau, M. Hermier, V.A. Tran minh.Le mésentère : radio-anatomie et pathologie. Feuillets de Radiologie, 2001, 41, n° 4, 291-304 Masson, Paris 2001
[2]. C. Dufaya, A. Abdellia, V. Le Pennecb, L. Chichea. Diagnostic et traitement des tumeursmésentériques. Mesenteric. tumors: Diagnosis and treatment. Journal de ChirurgieViscérale (2012) 149, 271—284. EMC [3]. Emile J-F, Bachet J-B, Tabone-Eglinger S, Brahimi S. Histologie et pathologie moléculaire des tumeurs stromales gastrointestinales (GIST) Revue Francophone des Laboratoires. 2008;2008(398):53–8.
[4]. Miettinen M, Monihan JM, Sarlomo-Rikala M, Kovatich AJ, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors/smooth muscle tumors (GISTs) primary in the omentum and mesentery: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 26 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1999 Sep;23(9):1109–18.
[5]. Yamamoto H, Oda Y, Kawaguchi K, Nakamura N, et al. c-kit and PDGFRA mutations in extragastrointestinal stromal tumor (gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the soft tissue) Am J Surg Pathol. 2004 Apr;28(4):479–88.

Abstract: Research question: What are the various epidemiological factors related to road traffic accident cases? Objectives: 1. To assess the prevalence of road traffic cases coming to hospitals. 2. To know the various epidemiological factors related to road traffic accident cases. Participants: 1260 road traffic victims reported in one year period. Study variables: . Type of accidents, vehicle involved in accidents etc. Statistical analysis: Proportions. Results: There were 85% male and 15% female accident victims. The occupants of the various vehicles constituted the large (55.55%) group of the victims. Among the motorized vehicles, two wheeler drivers were more (44.84%) involved in accidents. Out of 460 drivers (36.50%)were found to have consumed alcohol. Being knocked down was the common mode of accidents.

Key Words: Road traffic accident, Accidents, Epidemiological study, Trauma, Injuries

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Abstract: Onset time of neuromuscular blocking drugs dependson the rate at which a pharmacologically effective concentration is achieved in the neuromuscular junctionalcleft which in turn is determined by muscle blood flow and cardiac output. Ephedrine being a potent sympathomimetic can produce an increase cardiac output and muscle blood flow thereby increasing the onset time of rocuronium. Theobjective of the study was to study the effect of pretreatment with ephedrine on the intubating conditions and duration of effect and hemodynamic characteristics using rocuronium.

[1]. Donalti F. Onset of action of relaxants. Can J Anaesth 1988; 35: 552-528.
[2]. Ezri T, Szmuk P, Waters RD, etal.Changes in onset time of rocuronium in patient pretreated with ephedrine and esmolol- the role of cardiac output. ActaAnaesthesiolScand 2003; 47: 1067-72.
[3]. Fuchs-Buder T, Sparr HJ, Zweigenfu T. Thiopental or etomidate for rapid sequence induction with rocuronium. Br J Anaesth 1998; 80: 504–6.
[4]. Hans P, Brichant JF, Hubert B, Dewandre PY, Lamy M. Influence of induction of anaesthesia on intubating conditions one minute after rocuronium administration: comparison of ketamine and thiopentone. Anaesthesia 1999; 54: 276-279.
[5]. Leykin T, Pellis T, Lucca M, Gullo A. Effects of ephedrine on intubating conditions following priming with rocuronium. ActaAnaesthesiolScand 2005; 49(6): 792-7.

Abstract: It is right of every individual to look good and have proper nutrition. In certain hereditiry condition like Ectodermal displasia, patient has difficulty in eating and esthetics is also poor. Ectodermaal dysplasia is congenital disorder which affects body part of ectodermal origin like hair, nails, teeth and sweatglands. In this case report prosthetic rehabilitation of female patient suffering from hypohydroitic ectodermal dysplazia is explained.

Keywords: ectodeermal displasia, hypohydriotic ectodermal displasia, congenital disorder, missing teeth

[1]. Weech AA. Hereditary ectodermal dysplasia (congenital ectodermal defect). Am J Dis Child. 1929;37:766-90.
[2]. Rahul Prasad, Abdulaziz, Abdullah Al-Kheraif, Nidhi Kathuria, V.N.V. Madhav, S.V. Bhide. Ravikumar Ramakrishnaiah. Ectodermal Dysplasia: Dental Management and Complete Denture Therapy. World Applied Sciences Journal 20 (3): 423-428, 2012.
[3]. Tarjan, I., K. Gabris and N. Rozsa, 2005. Early prosthetic treatment of patients with ectodermal dysplasia: a clinical report. J. Prosthet Dent. 93: 419-424.
[4]. Hickey, A.J. and T.J. Vergo, Jr. 2001. Prosthetic treatments for patients with ectodermal dysplasia. J. Prosthet. Dent., 86: 364-368
[5]. Lo Muzio L, Bucci P, Carile F, Riccitiello F, Scotti C, Coccia E, et al. Prosthetic rehabilitation of child affected from anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia: Acase report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005; 6:120-6.