iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-9 ~ September-2018

Abstract: Aim: To compare the safety of zinc and probiotics as adjunct therapy in acute diarrheal disease in children of 6 to 24 months of age. Methods: Children of age 6 to 24 months with acute diarrheal disease admitted in the pediatric ward were randomized into 3 groups. Along with the usual fluid replacement therapy, first group received 20mg of zinc sulphate tablet once daily, the second group received probiotics saccharomyces 2.5 billion spores & lactic acid bacillus 100 million spores. The control group received only fluid replacement .Stool frequency and consistencies, mean duration of diarrhea, episodes of vomiting and amount of fluids utilized were monitored in the three groups. Results: Stool frequency......

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Abstract: Background: A muscle relaxant is a drug which affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone. It may be used to alleviate symptoms such as muscle spasm, pain and hyperreflexia. Skeletal muscle relaxants are heterogeneous group of medications that refer to 2 major therapeutic groups: neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics. Aim and objectives: The study was designed to assess the muscle relaxant activity of alprazolam and compare the muscle relaxant activity of alprazolam with diazepam using albino male mouse as experimental model Materials and methods: The white albino mice were selected, weighed and numbered. A total of 24 animals weighing about 30 grams were selected for the present study. They were divided into four groups each group.... .

Keywords: Muscle relaxant activity, diazepam, alprazolam, Rotarod method

[1]. Bertam G. Katzung Skeletal muscle relaxant, in Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 13th Edition; 2015:455.
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[3]. Acharya SRK, Rao S. Action of chlorpromazine on the skeletal muscle of frog, current sciences. 1978; 36:147-9.
[4]. Sundara Veena N, Sivaji K, Benerji GV, Farid Babu M, Rekha Kumari D. Skeletal muscle relaxant property of diazepam by using rotarod on albino mice. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research. 2015; 4 (4): 714-721.
[5]. Sharmila R. Muscle Relaxants in Treating Tempromandibular Joint Disorder- An Update. J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. 2015; 7(8): 611-614...

Abstract: The term tumefactive is used in literature to describe large demyelinative lesion that are frequently misdiagnosed as brain tumours.Tumefactive demyelinative lesions (TDL) can mimic intracranial neoplasm and pose diagnostic dilemma both in clinical presentation and conventional MR imaging features.The aim of our study was to study the clinical and radiological profile of TDL and their response to steroids.

Key words: TDL,brain tumour,ADEM,MR Spectroscopy,steroids

[1]. Hunter SB, Ballinger WE Jr, Rubin JJ. Multiple sclerosis mimicking primary brain tumor. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1987;111:464-8.
[2]. Pakos EE, Tsekeris PG, Chatzidimou K, Goussia AC, Markoula S, Argyropoulou MI, et al. Astrocytoma-like multiple sclerosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2005;107:152-7
[3]. Erana-Rojas IE, Barboza-Quintana A, Ayala AG, Fuller GN. Demyelinating pseudotumor. Ann Diagn Pathol 2002;6:265-71.
[4]. Abbott RJ, Howe JG, Currie S, Holland I. Multiple sclerosis plaque mimicking tumour on computerized tomography. Br Med J 1982;285:1616-7.
[5]. Wang AM, Morris JH, Hickey WF, Hammerschlag SB, O'Reilly GV, Rumbaugh CL. Unusual CT patterns of multiple sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1983;4:47-50

Abstract: Purpose: Bile duct dilatation after open cholecystectomy continues to be a matter of controversy. We aimed determine the magnitude of common bile duct (CBD) dilatation after open cholecystectomy followed up to 1 year. Methods: Sixty-four cases (age, 47.3 ± 11.7 years; men, 28; women, 36) enrolled in this study. They received open cholecystectomy in Upgraded Department of Surgery, Darbhanga Medical College & Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar for symptomatic cholelithiasis or gallbladder polyps with normal bile duct, less than 7 mm. The CBD diameter was measured by one radiologist using ultrasonography at the maximum point after full length evaluation of extrahepatic bile duct. Forty-five and thirty-one cases were followed at 6 months and 1 year, respectively. Results: The CBD........

Key Words: Cholecystectomy, Common bile duct, Dilatation, Ultrasound

[1]. F.Anderson:The biliary tract in normal and cholecystecomized patient; AJR Am J Roentgenol,78(1957),pp.623-631
[2]. Chawla S, Trick WE, Gilkey S, Attar BM. Does cholecystectomy status influence the common bile duct diameter? A matched-pair analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2010;55:1155-60.
[3]. Bachar GN, Cohen M, Belenky A, Atar E, Gideon S. Effect of aging on the adult extrahepatic bile duct: a sonographic study. J Ultrasound Med 2003;22:879-82.
[4]. Bruneton JN, Roux P, Fenart D, Caramella E, Occelli JP. Ultrasound evaluation of common bile duct size in normal adult patients and following cholecystectomy: a report of 750 cases. Eur J Radiol 1981;1:171-2.
[5]. Cho SW, Shim CS, Park NC, Lee JS. The measurement of size of extrahepatic bile ducts in normal control, patients with cholelithiasis, and postcholecystectomy patients. Korean J Gastroenterol 1987;19:178-82..

Abstract: Assessment is an important component in educational spiral. The students feedback regarding assessment is needed as a quality indicator. Conventional written assessment methods carry an element of subjective bias. To overcome this, objectivising the assessment methods by adopting multiple choice questions (MCQ) are needed. Present study intends to analyze the perception of MBBS students on assessment tests. After obtaining Institutional Ethical Committee Clearance, we commenced our study with 145 Pre-final MBBS students. Feedback questionnaire were distributed and collected back from them. In conclusion, 96 students (64%) preferred MCQs better than descriptive writing and 92 students(63.4%) preferred a combination of both descriptive and MCQ test. Applying MCQs can be used along with conventional pattern of test as an adjunct to assessment of MBBS students.

Keywords : Multiple Choice Question, MCQ, Conventional assessment, MCQ based assessment, perception

[1]. Tim.S.Roberts. The Use of Multiple Choice Tests for Formative and Summative Assessment. Vol52, Denise Tolhursand Samuel MannsEds. ACE 2006,January , Queensland, Australia.
[2]. PoulamiMukherjee, SaibenduKumar Lahiri–Analysis of Multiple Choice Questions ( MCQs) : Item and Test Statistics from an assessment in a medical college of Kolkata, West Bengal. IOSR-JDMS, Vol14, Issue 12, VerVI(Dec 2015) PP 47 -52
[3]. C.P.M. van der Vleuten, PhD, Professor of Education a,*, L.W.T. Schuwirth, MD, PhD, Professor for Innovative Assessment a,d , F. Scheele, MD, PhD, Gynaecologist and Professor of Medical Education b,e , E.W. Driessen, PhD, Senior Lecturer in Education a,d , B. Hodges, PhD, Psychiatrist, Richard and Elizabeth Currie Chair in Health Professions Education Research The assessment of professional competence: building blocks for theory development. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 24 (2010) 703–719
[4]. Dagenais ME, Hawley D, Lund JP. Assessing the effectiveness of a new curriculum: Part I. J Dent Educ. 2003-;67:47_54
[5]. Oppenheim AN. Questionnaire design, interviewing and attitude measurement. Pinter publications. ST Martins-press. First

Abstract: Khammam District is known as a high risk, endemic and vulnerable district easily susceptible to vector – borne disease like malaria, dengue, chicken guniya and filariasis. Agency areas where tribals inhabit are prone to seasonal diseases every year with the onset of the monsoons. Against the background elaborated so far this research paper makes an attempt to analyse the incidence of dengue in the plain areas of the district along with the follow up action of the health providing agencies. Materials and Methods: Data has been collected for the period between 2010 and 2016 from the health department of the district and from the office of the district malaria officer. The district was divided in 2016 under the recognition process of the Telangana Government. As such the data.........

Keywords : Dengue, Incidence, Kammam District

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Abstract: In view of increasing incidence of coronary heart disease in type II diabetes women , a study was conducted to analysis the incidence, relationship, association and severity of coronary heart disease in diabetes women and having other risk factors in a territory care hospital in Coimbatore. Study was done with random selection of 100 patients over a period of 6 months in a territory care hospital. As a result women with diabetes and other risk factors like dyslipedimia hypertension are more risk and prone to develop coronary heart disease.

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Abstract: Introduction: A frenum that encroaches on the gingival margin may interfere with plaque removal. Tension on frenum may open the gingival sulcus. In this kind of cases, surgical removal of frenum is indicated. The surgical removal can be performed either with a scalpel, electrocautery or lasers. Case report: A 17 year old patient with a chief complaint of bleeding gums from lower front teeth was referred to department of Periodontology. After careful and detailed evaluation, frenectomy with a diode laser at 940nm, in continuous wave mode was planned for the patient. Results: the patient experienced normal healing process with no post operative complications. Favorable outcome of laser surgery was observed on follow up session.........

Key words: Diode laser, frenectomy, mandibular labial frenum.

[1]. Dibart serge, Karima Mamdouth. Practical periodontal plastic surgery. Germany: Blackwell Munksgaard; Labial frenectomy alone or in combination with a free gingival autograft; p. 53.
[2]. Olivi G, Chuamanet G, Genovese MD, Beneduce C, Andreana S. Er, Cr: YSGG laser labial frenectomy: A clinical retrospective evaluation of 156 consecutive cases, Laser Therapy. General Dentistry, May/June 2010; 58: 126-133.
[3]. Kaur P, Dev YP, Kaushal S, Bhatia A, Vaid R, Sharma R. Management of the upper labial frenum: A comparison of conventional surgical and lasers on the basis of visual analogue scale on patients perception. Journal of Periodontal Medicine and Clinical Practice 2014; 1(1):38-46.
[4]. Kafas P, Stavrianos C, Jerjes W, Upile T, Vourvachis M, Theodoridis M. Upper lip laser frenectomy without infiltrated anesthesia in a pediatric patient: A Case Report. Cases Journal 2009; 2:7138.
[5]. Gontijo I, Navarro RS, Haypek P, Ciamponi AL, Haddad AE. The application of diode and Er: YAG lasers in labial frenectomy in infant patients. Journal of Dentistry for Children. 2005; 72(1):10-5.

Abstract: Background: Neonates delivered by elective Caesarean section are found to be associated with an increased risk of respiratory morbidity when compared to their vaginal counterparts; and the risk of respiratory complications, mainly respiratory distress syndrome and transient tachypnoea, decreases from 37 weeks to 39 weeks of gestation1. The development of respiratory distress leads to admission to a neonatal intensive care unit, separation from the mother, complications from invasive procedures including artificial ventilation and has psychological and financial bearing on the parents.Therefore, Hansen et al concluded that a significant reduction in...........

[1]. Morrison JJ, Rennie JM, Milton PJ. Neonatal respiratory morbidity and mode of delivery at term: influence of timing of elective caesarean section. Br J ObstetGynaecol1995;102:101-6.

[2]. Hansen AK, Wisborg K, Uldbjerg N, Henriksen TB. Elective caesarean section and respiratory morbidity in the term and near-term neonate. Acta ObstetGynecolScand 2007;86:389–94.

[3]. Crowley P. Prophylactic corticosteriods for preterm birth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD000065.

[4]. Stutchfield PR, Whittaker R, Russell I. Antenatal betamethasone and incidence of neonatal respiratory distress after elective caesarean section; pragmatic randomised trial. BMJ 2005;331:662–4.

[5]. Antenatal corticosteroid administration before elective caesarean section at term to prevent neonatal respiratory morbidity: a randomized controlled trial.A. M. Nada, M. M. Shafeek, M. A. El Maraghy, A. H. Nageeb, A. S. Salah El Din, M. H. Awad Eur J ObstetGynecolReprod Biol. 2016 Apr; 199: 88–91. Published online 2016 Feb 8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.01.026..

Abstract: Introduction: Extraction involves bone resorption and soft tissue contraction, events that can compromise the ideal implant placement along with other future prosthesis with functional and aesthetics limitations. Following tooth extraction, socket preservation techniques can limit bone resorption. The present study compared non grafted versus grafted extraction socket with hydroxyapatite clinically and radiographically at subsequent time interval. Materials and methods: A total of 40 patients with posterior extraction sockets were divided into two groups: 20 sockets received hydroxyapatite bone graft as a test group and 20 sockets were left for secondary healing as control group. At subsequent time intervals of 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months; alveolar.........

Key words: extraction, hydroxyapatite, ridge preservation, socket preservation

[1]. Bartee BK. Alveolar Ridge Preservation - Part I. Journal of Oral Implantology. XXVII(Four),2001,187-93.
[2]. Johnson K. A study of the dimensional changes occurring in the maxilla following tooth extraction. Australian Dental Journal. 14,1969;: 241-4.
[3]. Jung R, Philipp A, Annen B, Signorelli L, Thoma D, Ha¨mmerle C, et al. Radiographic evaluation of different techniques for ridge preservation after tooth extraction: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 40,2013, 90–8.
[4]. Schroff L, Wenzel A, Kostopolous L, Karring T. Bone healing and soft tissue contour changes following single-tooth extraction: a clinical and radiographic 12-month prospective study. International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry. 23,2003, 313-23.
[5]. Barone A, Ricci M, Tonelli P, Santini S, Covani U. Tissue changes of extraction sockets in humans: a comparison of spontaneous healing vs. ridge preservation with secondary soft tissue healing. Clin Oral Impl Res. 2012, 1-7.

Abstract: The link between Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection and peptic ulceration is now well established: presence of infection is a strong risk factor for later ulcer development and ulcers rarely occur in the absence of H. pylori or the other main risk factor, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The role of H pylori in peptic ulceration in human is presented in this paper. A peptic ulcer is an excoriated area of stomach or intestinal mucosa caused principally by the digestive action of gastric juice. The two most common factors that predispose to ulcers are chronic gastric infection with H. pylori and ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This retrospective analysis of 250 cases of acid peptic diseases in gastro enterology dept, govt Mohan Kumaramangalam medical college, Salem, Tamilnadu, from June 2017 –December 2017.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, peptic ulcer, stomach

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