iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-9 ~ September-2018

Abstract: India is one of the very few countries in the world known for its rich heritage of local health traditions. With such a vast knowledge in Ethno Medicine it should be a dynamic approach to use the knowledge base of Traditional healers in the discovery of newer treatment methods for lifestyle diseases affecting the community. Much of the knowledge was built up by the traditional healers through generations of practical experience by trial and error method long before written records were maintained. The civilization in the Southern Indian peninsula had a unique Medical System called "Siddha System" which is found to be earlier than other Medicinal Systems of that age. Siddha Medicine is classified as Internal Medicines (Aga Marundu 32) and External medicines (Pura marundu 32).
"Suttigai (Thermal Cauterization)......

Key words:Traditional healers: Ethnomedicine; Thermal Cauterization; Traditional Knowledge ; Suttigai therapy; Siddha medicine ;Vaatha diseases

[1]. Anonymous, Vaadha noi thoguthi, Palm leaf manuscripts , collected from Folk healers of Dharmapuri district , 2015
[2]. Utthamarayan,K.S, Thaeraiyar tharu, Siddha maruthuvaanga surukkam, Second edition,1983 ,Directorate of Indian Medicine, Govt.
of Tamilnadu, page.443-447.
[3]. Utthamarayan.,K.S, Siddhar Aruvai maruthuvam ,Second edition, 1984 ,Siddha medical council, Directorate of Indian Medicine,
Govt. of Tamilnadu, page.33-38
[4]. Anonymous, Periya Maattu vaagadam, Collection of Palm leaf manuscripts, Govt. oriental manuscripts library, Chennai. 2014
[5]. Mohanaraj.T, Vaatha noi nidaanam-800, First edition, June 2008 ,ATSVS Siddha medical college, Munchirai , Kanyakumari dt.
pages. 14, 24, 33, 44.

Abstract: Tropical chronic pancreatitis (TCP) is a type of chronic calcific non alcoholic pancreatitis mainly occurs in tropical countries.Younger age at onset ,intraductal calculi , intractable course of the disease and development of pancreatic cancer are the hallmarks of TCP.Pancreatitis is one of the differentialdiagnosis of abdominal painin genetically inherited ADPKD patients. Medical treatment is the main stay of management. Surgical interventions are indicated only when or after failed medical therapy. Various surgical options are available in the literature. We present a case of TCP associated with ADPKD which was managed by Single layer Lateral Pancreaticojejunostomy procedure.

Key words: Tropical Pancreatitis, ADPKD, Lateral Pancreaticojejunostomy

[1]. K KBurman , G Premalatha ,V Mohan Tropical PancreatitisPostgrad Med J 2003;79:606-615
[2]. D Malka , P Hammel, V Vilgrain, J-F Flejou,JBelghiti,PBernades Chronic obstructive Pancreatitis due to pancreatic cyst in a patient with autosomal polycystic kidney disease.Gut 1998; 42:131-134
[3]. Prabhakaranraju, Villalan Ramasamy, Chandrabose Ambedhkar et al .Single layer Pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) in surgery for chronic calcific pancreatitis.
[4]. Zuidema PJ .Cirrhosis and disseminated calcification of the pancreas in patients with malnutrition Tropical and geographical medicine 1959;11:70-74
[5]. Geevargheese. PJ Pancreatic Diabetes .Bombay ,Popularprakaashan ,1968,110-115.

Abstract: The aims of this study were to evaluate the linear, volume and texture (CT Hounsfield) of the liver measured on CT scan and to test their reflection in interpretation of the pattern of liver enzyme abnormality. The study was conducted at Antalia Hospital during the period extended from 2014-2017. Total Bilirubin, , Alkaline phosphatase(ALP), Aspartate amino transferase(AST), Alanine amino transferase(ALT), Albumin, Globulin, Total protein, and prothrombin time have been evaluated and were clearly correlated with Linear, volume and hepatic texture measurements The sample included 100 patients in both genders with tested liver function; the sample included 59(59%) females and 41(41%) males .Their ages ranged between 25-˃65years. The linear hepatic measurements were evaluated including :Midhepatic point craniocaudad (MHP CC),Maximum CC to liver tip (Max CC..........

Keyword- Liver Function test, CT Hounsfield, liver measurements

[1]. Gardner E, Gray DJ, O'Rahilly R. Anatomia: estudo regional do corpo humano. 4ª ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 1988.
[2]. Gray H. Anatomia. 37ª ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 1995.
[3]. Moore KL, Dalley AF. Anatomia orientada para a clínica.4ª ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2001.
[4]. Dângelo JG, Fattini CA. Anatomia humana sistêmica esegmentar para o estudante de medicina. 2ª ed. São Paulo:Atheneu; 1998.
[5]. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Tratado de Fisiologia Médica. 10ª ed...

Abstract: It is often challenging to bond first molar tubes, as it confronts the clinicians manual dexterity due to poor accessibility. The solution for this aforementioned problem lies in indirect bonding, which requires additional laboratory procedure, and also uneconomical in nature. Also, if a molar tube has to be welded on to the bands, the clinician often makes an eye balling judgment during positioning of the tubes on to the molar bands, which might result in inaccurate positioning of the tube. Furthermore, every clinician faces a typical problem of debonding of brackets. It becomes more difficult to rebond a bracket, as it requires accuracy during rebonding of brackets, especially.........

Key words: Biopsy, oral biopsy, surgical considerations in biopsy, oral diagnosis.

[1]. Smaha, C.N. and Voth, E.D.: A positioning device for direct bracket attachment, Am. J. Orthod. 62:394-399, 1972.
[2]. Droschl, H. and Bantleon, H.P.: Bracket positioning gauge, J. Clin. Orthod. 20:266-268, 1986.
[3]. McLaughlin RP, Bennett JC. Bracket placement with the preadjusted appliance. J Clin Orthod. 29:302-311, 1995.
[4]. Samuels, R.H.A.: A new bracket-positioning instrument, J. Clin. Orthod. 34:482-483, 2000..

Abstract: Background: Neonates delivered by elective Caesarean section are found to be associated with an increased risk of respiratory morbidity when compared to their vaginal counterparts; and the risk of respiratory complications, mainly respiratory distress syndrome and transient tachypnoea, decreases from 37 weeks to 39 weeks of gestation1. The development of respiratory distress leads to admission to a neonatal intensive care unit, separation from the mother, complications from invasive procedures including artificial ventilation and has psychological and financial bearing on the parents.Therefore, Hansen et al concluded that a significant reduction in morbidity would be obtained if elective Caesarean section was deferred to 39 weeks.2Antenatal corticosteroids reduce the..........

[1]. Morrison JJ, Rennie JM, Milton PJ. Neonatal respiratory morbidity and mode of delivery at term: influence of timing of elective caesarean section. Br J ObstetGynaecol1995;102:101-6.

[2]. Hansen AK, Wisborg K, Uldbjerg N, Henriksen TB. Elective caesarean section and respiratory morbidity in the term and near-term neonate. Acta ObstetGynecolScand 2007;86:389–94.

[3]. Crowley P. Prophylactic corticosteriods for preterm birth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD000065.

[4]. Stutchfield PR, Whittaker R, Russell I. Antenatal betamethasone and incidence of neonatal respiratory distress after elective caesarean section; pragmatic randomised trial. BMJ 2005;331:662–4.

[5]. Antenatal corticosteroid administration before elective caesarean section at term to prevent neonatal respiratory morbidity: a randomized controlled trial.A. M. Nada, M. M. Shafeek, M. A. El Maraghy, A. H. Nageeb, A. S. Salah El Din, M. H. Awad Eur J ObstetGynecolReprod Biol. 2016 Apr; 199: 88–91. Published online 2016 Feb 8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.01.026.

Abstract: Although progress has been made to eradicate or control many infectious diseases, humankind remains vulnerable to a wide array of new and resurgent organisms. The outcome of any infection depends on the virulence of infectious agents, the number of organisms in infecting inoculum and the response of the immune system of the host. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study done in Lifecare Diagnostics and Research Centre for three years (2015-2017). Specimens of different pattern like blood, pus and urine were studied. Total specimens were 563. Urine specimens were 418, blood specimens were 48 and Pus 97. Before starting this study, we have taken ethical clearance from the institution.........

[1]. Rudrajit Paul, Jayanti Ray, Sourav Sinha, Jayati Mondal; Antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria isolated from various clinicalspecimens: an eastern Indian study;International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health.Paul R et al. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2017 Apr;4(4):1367-137.
[2]. Saroj Kumar Sah, Shobha Regmi , Anup Raj Upreti, Shiva Pathak;Antibiotic resistance patterns and evaluation of treatment In out-patients with urinary tract infections in Nepal.International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sah et al., IJPSR, 2016; Vol. 7(11): 4626-4631. E-ISSN: 0975-8232; P-ISSN: 2320-5148, IJPSR (2016), Vol. 7, Issue 11.
[3]. Rijal A, Ghimire G, Gautam K, Barakoti A;Antibiotic Susceptibility of Organisms Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Patients Presenting to a Teaching Hospital,J Nepal Health Res Counc 2012 Jan;10(20):24-7.
[4]. Karki S, Rai GK, Manandhar R; Bacteriological Analysis and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Blood Culture Isolates in Kanti Children Hospital. J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. May-August, 2010/Vol 30/Issue 2.
[5]. R Gautam, M L Chapagain, A Acharya, N Rayamajhi, S Shrestha, S Ansari, G Upadhaya and HP Nepal; Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli from various clinical sources.Journal of Chitwan Medical College 2013; 3(3): 14-17..

Abstract: Desmoplastic fibroma is a rare, benign soft-tissue tumor composed of spindled and stellate-shaped cells that are embedded in a dense collagenous stroma. The most common sites are the upper extremities, followed by the lower extremities. Rare lesions arise in the head and neck region. The present study describes the case of 56 year old female who presented with an inactive, firm painless swelling below the nipple areola complex in the left breast. A biopsy was preformed and the result of the histopathological examination indicated a collagenous fibroma.

[1]. Nishio J, Akiho S, Iwasaki H and Naito M: Translocation t(2;11) is characteristic of collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibro-blastoma). Cancer Genet 204: 569-571, 2011
[2]. Nielsen GP, O'Connell JX, Dickersin GR and Rosenberg AE: Collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibroblastoma): a report of seven cases. Mod Pathol 9: 781-785, 1996.
[3]. Miettinen M, Fetsch JF. Collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibroblastoma): A clinicopathologic study of 63 cases of a distinctive soft tissue lesion with stellate-shaped fibroblasts. Hum Pathol1998;29:676-82.
[4]. Bernal K, Nelson M, Neff JR, Nielsen SM, Bridge JA. Translocation (2;11)(q31;q12) is recurrent in collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibroblastoma). Cancer Genet Cytogenet2004;149:161-3.
[5]. M. Miettinen and J. F. Fetsch, "Collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibroblastoma): a clinicopathologic analysis of 63 cases of a distinctive soft tissue lesion with stellate-shaped fibroblasts," Human Pathology, vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 676–682, 1998...

Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to assess the postoperative visual outcomes of phacoemulsification in patients with white mature cataract from a western Indian population who were operated in a military Hospital from Jan 2016 to Dec 2017. Methods: The study comprised of 58 eyes with unilateral white mature cataract that underwent cataract surgery by phacoemulsification. A detailed preoperative assessment including visual acuity, slit lamp examination, intraocular pressure measurement, keratometry, biometry for axial length measurement and B-scan ultrasonography was done for all the patients. Patients had phacoemulsification through a 2.8 mm superotemporal clear corneal.........

Key words: white mature cataract, trypan blue dye, viscoelastic devices, phacoemulsification

[1]. Vasavada A, Singh R, Desai J. Phacoemulsification of white mature cataracts. J Cataract Refract Surg 1998; 24:270–7.
[2]. Brazitikos PD, Tsinopoulos IT, Papadopoulos NT, Fotiadis K, Stangos NT. Ultrasonographic classification and phacoemulsification of white senile cataracts. Ophthalmology. 1999 Nov; 106(11):2178-83.
[3]. Dada VK, Sindhu N. Management of cataract-A revolutionary change that occurred during last two decades. J Indian Med Association. 1999; 97:313-7.
[4]. Venkatesh R, Das M, Prashanth S, Muralikrishnan R. Manual small incision cataract surgery in eyes with white cataracts. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2005 July 1, 2005;53(3):173-6.
[5]. Brusini P. Capsulorhexis in mature cataracts: why not? Documentaophthalmologica Advances in ophthalmology. 1992; 81(3):281-4..

Abstract: Objectives: To determine the pattern of presentations of oro-facial malignant lesions in Gombe, North-East Nigeria Subjects and Methods: Records of all patients with histologically diagnosed oro-facial malignant lesions in Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe from January 2002- December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Information obtained from patients records were age, sex, site and histological diagnosis. The information were analysed using SPSS version 21. Results:. Fifty seven patients consisting of 29 males and 28 females presented with oro-facial malignant lesions during the study period. The mean age of patients was 41.9 ± 21.0 years. 43 (75.4%) were carcinomas, 10 (17.6%) were.........

Key words: Oro.-facial, Malignancies, Presentation, Gombe ,Nigeria

[1]. Adisa AO, Adeyemi AA, Oluwasola AO, Kolude B, Akang AA, Lawoyin JO. Clinico-pathological profile of head and neck malignancies at University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Head Face Med 2011; 7: 9
[2]. Shan JP, Gil Z. Current concepts in management of oral cancer-surgery. Oral Oncol 2009; 45 (4-5): 394-401.
[3]. Johnson NW. Orofacial neoplasms: global epidemiology, risk factors and recommendations for research. Int Dent J 1991 : 41; 365-375.
[4]. Silverman Jr S. Epidemiologic and demographic update in oral cancer. California and National update- 1973 to 1985. J Am Dent Asso 1990 :120; 495-499
[5]. Akinmoladun V, Pindiga U, Akintububo O, Kokong D, Akinyamoju C. Head and neck malignant tumours in Gombe, Northeast Nigeria. J West Afr Coll Surg. 2013; 3(3): 1-15...

Abstract: Introduction:Post streptococcal diseases caused by beta haemolytic group A streptococcus usually confirmed by antistreptolysin O test. The aim of this study is evaluation of ASO titre and correlation with clinical request. Methodology: It is a retrospective and descriptive study conducted at the Central laboratory of Department of Microbiology, Malda Medical College. We analyzed all requests during last one year. From sera, obtained from patient, we done qualitative test to determine ASO positive sera and semiquantitative test to determine ASO titre.Results: There were 586 requests of ASO titration during the last one year of study. The mean age was 32.5 years (ranging from 5 to 60 years), with a female predominance (53.9 %).Cardiac symptoms were most common request (54.9%). Most........

Key words: ASO titration, Post-streptococcal infections, Malda.

[1]. AC Steer, I Law, L Matatolu , BW Beall, JR Carapetis, Global distribution of group A streptococci: systematic review and implications for vaccine development, The Lancet infectious diseases, 9(10), 2009, 611-616.
[2]. M McDonald , BJ Currie, JR Carapetis, Acute rheumatic fever: a chink in the chain thatlinks the heart to the throat, The Lancet infectious diseases, 4(4), 2004, 240-245.
[3]. Elmer W. Koneman, Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology, The GramPositive Cocci, Part-II: Streptococci, Enterococci and the Streptococcus like Bacteria, Sixth edition, P-584.
[4]. MD Seckeler, TR Hoke, The worldwide epidemiology of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease, Clinical epidemiology, 3,67-84.
[5]. SJ Jackson, AC Steer, H Campbell, Systematic Review: Estimation of global burden of non-suppurative sequelae of upper respiratory infection: rheumatic fever and poststreptoccal glomerulonephritis, Trop Med Int Health, 16(1), 2006, 2-11...

Abstract: Surgical site infections(SSIs) are the most important post operative complication. SSIs are infection of tissues , organs or spaces exposed by surgeon during performance of an invasive procedure.SSIs are classified as being Incisional or Organ/space . In spite of advances in infection control practiceand availability of antimicrobial prophylaxis , SSIs remains a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients.Therefore the main aim of this study is to determine the risk factors and the incidence. Different risk factors include age,sex , type of wound, prophylactic antibiotics, operation type,time of shaving ,pre operative bed stay. A total of 200 patients were included in this study and various factors are studied during the period May 2011-May 2012. The incidence is found to be higher than the previous literatures and particularly in large and small bowel surgery..

[1]. Abdominal surgical site infections: incidence and risk factors at anIranian teaching hospitalSeyd Mansour Razavi1 , MohammadIbrahimpoor2 , Ahmad Sabouri Kashani3 and Ali Jafarian4 BMC Surgery 2005, 5:2doi:10.1186/1471‐2482‐5‐2
[2]. Troillet N, Petignant C, Matter M, Eisenring MC, Mosimann F,Francioli P: Surgical site infection surveillance: an effectivepreventive measure.Rev Med Suisse Romande 2001, 121(2):125‐8. PubMed Abstract
[3]. BurkittJf: Identification of the sources of staphylococcicontaminating the surgical wound during operation.AnnSurg 1963, 158:898‐904. PubMed Abstract
[4]. Schwartz SI, Comshires G, Spencer FC, Dally GN, Fischer J, GallowayAC: Principles of surgery. 7th edition. NY: McGraw‐Hill companies;1999:83.65
[5]. Habte‐Gabr E, Gedebau M, Kronvall G: Hospital‐acquired infectionsamong surgical patients in TikurAnbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa,Ethiopia. Am J Infect Control 1988, 7‐13. PubMed Abstract.

Abstract: Objectives: To study the morphology and topography of nutrient foramina and to determine the foraminal index of the upper limb longbones. Materials and Methods: The study comprised of 243 upper limb long bones, which included humeri, radii, and ulnae. The nutrientforamina were identified macroscopically in all the bones and an elastic rubber band was applied around these foramina. The bones werephotographed with the digital camera and foramen index was calculated. Each bone was divided into five equal parts and was analyzedtopographically. Results: From our........

Key words: foraminal index, long bones, morphology, nutrient artery, nutrient foramen, topography

[1]. Mysorekar VR, Nandedkar AN, Diaphysial nutrient foraminain human phalanges, J Anat, 1979, 128(Pt 2):315–322.
[2]. Patake SM, Mysorekar VR, Diaphysial nutrient foraminain human metacarpals and metatarsals, J Anat, 1977,124(Pt 2):299–304.
[3]. Henderson RG, The position of the nutrient foramen inthe growing tibia and femur of the rat, J Anat, 1978,125(Pt 3):593–599.
[4]. Mysorekar VR, Diaphysial nutrient foramina in human longbones, J Anat, 1967, 101(Pt 4):813–822.
[5]. Taylor GI, Fibular transplantation. In: Serafin D, Bunke HJ(eds), Microsurgical composite tissue transplantation, C.V.Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1979, 418–423.

Abstract: The purpose of this descriptive study was to establish the normal values of cervical Cobbs' angle in Sudanese subjects using Computerized Tomography (CT).This study was done at Al-Zytouna specialized hospital and Royal Care hospital. A sample of 90 patients in different ages and different genders were involved and Cobbs' method was used in the evaluation of superior and inferior end plates. The lateral scouts for cervical spine were obtained. Traumatic cases, any disease of the vertebral column, spinal canal, para vertebral muscles diseases were excluded. Toshiba CT scanner was used. The exposure factors were 120 KVp, 10.........

Key words: Cobb Angle, end Plates, cervical, CT

[1]. K L Moore, A F Dalley, A M Agur. Clinically oriented anatomy, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013 Feb 13.6 (pp.1173-1175)
[2]. R S Snell. Clinical anatomy by regions, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012.9 (pp690-691)
[3]. A .Kuettner, T. Flohr , R .Bruening(editor).Protocols for multislice CT. Springer; 2006 Jan 16:2 pp.238-239
[4]. Dougherty, G.editor. Medical image processing: techniques and applications. Springer Science & Business Media; 2011 Jul 25pp.231-232
[5]. S. Linder-Aronson Respiratory functions in relation to facial morphology and the dentition. Brit J Orthod 1979; 6:59–71

Abstract: The purpose of this descriptive study was to standardize the normal values of lumbar vertebral Cobb's angle for Sudanese subjects using Computerized Tomography (CT).This study was obtained at Al-Zytouna specialized hospital and Royal Care hospital. A sample of 200 Sudanese patients with different ages and genders were included. Cobb's method was used in the evaluation of superior and inferior lumbar vertebra end plates. The lateral scouts for lumbar spine were obtained. Traumatic cases and any disease of the vertebral column, spinal canal, para vertebral muscles were excluded. Toshiba CT scanner was used. The exposure factors were 120 KVp, 10-50 MA. End plates angle from L1 to L5 were measured using Cobb's method for both genders and the data were correlated to their ages, and body mass index (BMI). The mean Cobb's angle of lumbar vertebral in males was (30.590).........

Key words: Cobb's Angle, end Plates, lumber, CT.

[1]. GJ Tortora, BH Derrickson. Principles of anatomy and physiology. John Wiley & Sons; 2017:15.pp.215-225.
[2]. W.T Edwards, Y. Zheng, , L.A .Ferrara, and H.A Yuan, Structural features and thickness of the vertebral cortex in the thoracolumbar spine, 2001. 26(2), pp.218-225.

[3]. T.Whitmarsh, LM.Barquero, S .Di Gregorio, JM .Sierra, L .Humbert, AF .Frangi. Age-related changes in vertebral morphometry by statistical shape analysis. In Workshop on Mesh Processing in Medical Image Analysis 2012 Oct 1 (pp. 30-39). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

[4]. A .Kuettner, T. Flohr , R .Bruening(editor).Protocols for multislice CT. Springer; 2006 Jan 16:2 pp.238-239

[5]. Dougherty, G.editor. Medical image processing: techniques and applications. Springer Science & Business Media; 2011 Jul 25. pp.231-232

Abstract: Estimation of microalbumin levels in urine has been the gold standard for monitoring the diabetic nephropathy progression and is also predictive of high HbA1C levels.MAU is a preliminary manifestation of diabetic nephropathy which initiates as a result of microvascular changes. Objective: To assess the renal functions (Urea, Creatinine and Uric Acid) and to evaluate the levels of CRP association of CRP with MAU,Urea, Creatinine and Uric Acid in type 2 DM. Result: mean ACR levels Uric acid, CRP levels was significantly higher in poor glycemic control patients significant correlation coefficient were observed between HbA1C & CRP level was 0.539 (P=0.000), between HbA1C & MAU was (r=0.237,(P=0.017), CRP and ACR was (r=0.325,P=0.000).

Key words: CRP levels, ACR,type 2 diabetes mellitus

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