iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-5 ~ May-2019

Abstract: Overall purpose of the manual: 1. To create awareness about trangenders and their lifestyle issues and mental health issues among mental health counselors and professionals. 2. To create awareness about mental health issues in the transgender community itself3 3. Creating awareness about mental health issues of transgenders to other relevant bodies including government, NACO etc;.......

[1]. Counselling and Mental Health Care of Transgender Adults and Loved Ones ,Walter Bockting, Gail Knudson, Joshua Mira Goldberg January 2006
[2]. Kaplan and saddock's" "Synopsis of Psychiatry"
[3]. Ramet, S. P. (1996). Gender reversals and gender cultures: Anthropological and historical perspectives. London: Routledge

[4]. Math and Seshadri 2013. The invisible ones: Sexual minorities

[5]. Indian J Med Res. 2013 Jan; 137(1): 4–6...

Abstract: The present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of systolic and diastolic dysfunction, to determine the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) from left ventricular mass index (LVMI), to correlate the degree of cardiac dysfunction with severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) by echocardiography in patients of CKD on conservative management. Material & method: 75 CKD patients were taken in the study which were divided into three groups - Group A  Age and sex matched healthy controls (n=20). Group B  Patients with mild to moderate CRF (n=45) (S. Creatinine =1.5-6.0 mg/dl). Group C  Patients with severe CRF (n=30) (S. Creatinine > 6.0 mg/dl). Results: The prevalence of LVH along with systolic dysfunction was 10.0% (p<0.2653) in severe CRF (group C), higher than mild...........

[1]. Definition and classification of chronic kidney disease: A position statement from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO); Kidney International: 67, 2089–2100; 2005.
[2]. Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine ,18th edn; Vol-2, page -2308-2321, 2012.
[3]. Braunwald's Heart Diaeases, 8th edn; Interface between renal disease and cardiovascular illness, page- 2155-2169;2008.
[4]. Shlipak MG: Pharmacotherapy for heart failure in patients with renal insufficiency.Ann Intern Med 138:917, 2003.
[5]. Sarnak MJ, Levey AS, et al; American Heart Association Councils on kidney in Cardiovascular diseases. High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology and Epidemiology and Prevention: Circulation 108:2154-2169, 2003.

Abstract: A proper communication combined with a caring attitude develops sound rapport with any paediatric patient. Non-pharmacological behaviour management techniques enable paediatric dentists to successfully alleviate behavioural problems by matching their selection of techniques to that of the child's style of interaction. On the other hand, few aggressive techniques applied in childhood have been implicated as being prominent factors in the behaviour of developed adult patients with dental phobias. The aim of instilling positive reinforcement is achieved by conventional methods but disruptiveness increase with increase in treatment time. Hence, to overcome this disadvantage newer non-threatening techniques were handled by the paediatric dentists, which provide long time reinforcement in younger children. This review will focus on enumerating the recent advances in non-pharmacological behaviour management techniques in children..

Key Words;-Audiovisual distraction, Distraction, Virtual reality, Videogames

[1]. Dean J A, Avery D R, McDonald R E, Editors. Dentistry for the child and adolescent. Nineth edition. New Delhi: Elsevier;2014.p27-40
[2]. Non-Pharmacologic approaches in behavior management. In: Wright G Z, Kupietzky A (Eds.) Behavior management in dentistry for children. Second edition.Iowa;England: Wiley Blackwell;2014.p63-91
[3]. Managing the patient and parents in dental practice. In: Stephen H Y Wei. Pediatric Dentistry: Total Patient Care. First edition. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1988. p140-155
[4]. Nonpharmacologic Behavior Management. In: Marwah N (Ed.) Textbook of pediatric dentistry. Third edition. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers medical publishers (P) ltd 2014. p219-241
[5]. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry: Clinical guideline on behavior management. Pediatr Dent 2015;37(6):180-193.

Abstract: Objective: The drug utilization research is a significant constituent of medical audit which helps in monitoring, evaluating and building required modifications in the prescribing practices to attain a rational and cost effective medical care. The objective of this study was to evaluate drug utilization design of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in a tertiary care teaching hospital, SIMS, Hapur. Material And Methods; This prospective, observational study was conducted in the outpatients of the Orthopaedic department during six months period to evaluate the prescribing.......

Key words: - Prescribing Trend, Analgesics, Pain, Observational Study.

[1]. Monfared H, Sferra JJ, Mekhail N. The medical management of chronic pain. Foot Ankle Clin 2004; 9: 373-403.
[2]. Tabish A, Jha RK, Rathod AM, Rathod RM, Gupta KK. Prescribing trends of analgesics in a tertiary health care setup of rural Vidarbha. Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci 2012;3: 566-71.
[3]. Kumar A, Dalai CK, Ghosh AK, Ray M. Drug utilization study of co-administration of nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs and gastro-protective agents in an orthopedic outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol 2013;2: 199-202.
[4]. World Health Organization. Rational use of Medicines. Available from http://www.who.int/medicines/ areas/rational_use/en/index.html.
[5]. WHO.WHO/DAP/93.Geneva: WHO;93. How to Investigate Drug use in Health Facilities. Selected drug use indicators.[Google Scholar].

Abstract: Dental and medical education has utilized technology increasingly over the past few years for learning as well as training.Medical simulation has become a valuable tool for learning and acquiring skills. Webster's dictionary defines simulator as a training device that duplicates artificially the condition likely to be encountered in some operations.The simulation of clinical situations with the acquisition of fine motor skills is an essential component of the dental students learning experience. The traditional approach to dental skills training has drawbacks in terms of cost, availability, lack of real‑world cases, with the restraints of time, clinical supervision, and the funding of raw materials such as real and plastic teeth. The introduction of dental haptics opens the door to a more realistic clinical experience which can be free from theprevious constraints.

Key words: haptics, simulators.

[1]. Buchanan ja. Use of simulation technology in dental education. J dent educ 2001;65:1225-31.
[2]. Hilmreich r. Managing human error in aviation. Sci am 1997;279:62-7.
[3]. Chaudhry a, sutton c, wood j, stone r, mccloy r. Learning rate for laparoscopic surgical skills on mist vr, a virtual reality simulator: quality of human-computer interface. Ann r collsurgengl 1999;81:281-6.
[4]. Datta vk, mandalia m, mackaysd, darzi aw. Evaluation and validation of a virtual reality based flexible sigmoidoscopy trainer. Gut 2001;48(suppl):a97-a98. Gut 2001;48(suppl):a97-a98. 2001;48(suppl):a97-a98. ;48(suppl):a97-a98.
[5]. Mehta ac, ost d, salinas sg, sanchez de, derosiers a, tasto j, et al. Objective assessment of bronchoscopy objective assessment of bronchoscopy skills by a bronchoscopy training simulator. Am j respircrit care med 2000;161:a234..

Abstract: Aim of clinical trial was to assess the efficacy of 10 % terminalia chebula as an anti-plaque agent and its effect on Periodontal Health Materials and methods: It was a clinical trial conducted in dept of Periodontology at K.D. dental college and Hospital , Mathura . 25 subjects were enrolled in the study after ruling out the inclusion and exclusion criteria . assessment was carried with help of indices which included ;Gingival index (Loe and Silness),Bleeding Index , Quiegleyhein plaque index , Probing Pocket Depth. All the parameters were recorded at baseline (21 days post scaling ), after a period of 1 month and 2 months . Statistical analysis was done by student's T- test Results: The encouraging results clearly.......

Key words: Terminalichebula.

[1]. Marsh PD ;Dental plaque as a biofilm and a microbial community – Implications for health and disease ; BMC Oral Health 2006;6 Suppl
[2]. Said Muhammad, Barkat Ali Khan, Naveed Akhtar ; The morphology, extractions, chemical constituents and uses of Terminalia chebula: A review ; Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 6(33), pp. 4772-4775, 29 August, 2012.
[3]. R.Rathinamoorthy* and G.Thilagavathi ; Terminalia Chebula - Review on Pharmacological and Biochemical Studies ; International Journal of PharmTech Research ; Vol.6, No.1, pp 97-116, Jan-March 2014.
[4]. Ranjeet Sawant et.al.; Phyto-constituents Bio-efficacy and Phyto-pharmacological activities of Terminalia chebula- A Review, Int. J. Ayu. Alt. Med., 2013; 1(1):1-11
[5]. Gupta et al ;Biological and pharmacological properties of terminalia chebularetz. (haritaki)- an overview ;Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, Vol 4, Suppl 3, 62-68

Abstract: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the one of the most common malignancy of the salivary gland. It is considered as one of the intermediate grade of salivary gland neoplasms. ACC shows slow growth with high propensity for spread through perineural sheath, local recurrence and distant metastatic deposits involving bones, lung, and liver. Here, reporting a case of ACC in 60 yr male patient involving the left posterolateral part of the hard palate. Taking consideration of clinical presentation, past history of maxillary sinus drainage provisionally it was diagnosed as Mucous retention cyst wrt 24,25,26. The sections under H&E suggested that, it is adenoid cystic carcinoma. The section also shows the infiltration to the adjacent bone.

Keywords: Maxillary sinus, Adenoid cystic carcinoma

[1]. Mahajan A, Kulkarni M, Parekh M, Khan M, Shah A, Gabhane M. Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Of Hard Palate: A Case Report.OMPJ: Vol 2 (2011); 127-131.
[2]. Tripathi P, Nahar P, Ahemad BN. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the palate;a case report. JCST:Vol2(2010); 160-162.
[3]. Mitra S,Kundu S,Pattari SK,Ghosal AG. Metastatic pleural effusion; a rare presentation of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma; A Case Report. The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases & Allied Sciences. Vol(53), 2011; 106-110.
[4]. Mehta ND, Parikh JS. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the palate: A Case Report. JNSBM. Vol4(2013); 249-252.
[5]. Sonune S, Tupsakhare S, Patil K. Adenoid cystic Carcinoma of the hard palate- A Case Report. JOOO. 2015, 1(3); 142-145.

Abstract: Supra Trochlear Foramen is also termed as Septal aperture of humerus is a deficit of bony septum in the lower end of humerus that seperates the coronoid fossa from the olecranon fossa. Supra Trochlear Foramen (STF) of humerus is a common anatomical variation of the lower end of humerus. Anatomical knowledge of STF is important for discerning normal from various pathological conditions of lower end of humerus in various disciplines of medicine like orthopaedics, radiology and paediatrics etc. The present study was done on a total of 200 dried adult humeri (100 right &100 left) from the bone bank of department of Anatomy, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, East Godavari. The presence of supra trochlear foramen and its various shapes was observed.Out of 200 humeri, supra trochlear foramen is seen in 56 humeri (29 right & 27 left).Incidence of STF is more on right side. Oval shape STF was noticed in mos of the humeri.

Keywords: Humerus, Supra Trochlear Foramen (STF);

[1]. Arunkumar K R etal Morphological study of Supratrochlear Foramen of Humerus and its Clinical Implications Int J Anat Res 2015, Vol 3(3):1321-25. ISSN 2321- 4287.
[2]. AshaJoselet Mathew et al., A Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus: Anatomical and Clinical Perspective.Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2016 Feb, Vol-10(2): AC05-AC08
[3]. Meckel JH (1825), Cited by Kate BR, Dubey PN. A note on the septal apertures in the humerus of Central Indians. Eastern Anthropologist.1970;33:105-10
[4]. Hirsh, S.I. (1927). Cited in Morton, S. H., &Crysler, W. E., Osteochondritisdissecans of the supratrochlear septum. Journal of Bone Joint Surgery 27(A) 12–24
[5]. Govoni KE, Linares GR, Chen ST, Pourteymoor S,Mohan S. T-box 3 negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation by inhibiting expression of osterix and runx2. J Cell Biochem. 2009;106:482-90.

Abstract: The seditionary noncancerous extensions of nasal and paranasal mucosa are called nasal polyps affecting up to 4% of population. They arise from the long-term inflammation of the mucosa of the nasal cavity leading to changes of olfactory, rhinorhea, nasal blockage. If nasal polyps presents with at least two or more of the following symptoms persistently occur for 12 weeks or more, nasal discharge occurring anteriorly or runny nose, post nasal dripping, blockage of nasal cavity. Blockage of nose is the chief complain of patients with nasal polyps that is consistent with variety in severity depending on the size of the polyps, With the help of anterior Rhinoscopy or endoscopy polyps,......

Keywords: Nasal polyposis,Chronicrhinosinusitis, sinonasal cavity, eosinophilic infiltration,hyposmia.

[1]. Fokkens WJ, Lund VJ, Mullol J, Bachert C, Alobid I, Baroody F, et al. European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012. Rhinol Suppl. 2012;3:1–298.

[2]. Rizk HG, Ferguson BJ (2012) Categorizing nasal polyps by severity and controller therapy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 138(9):846–853.

[3]. Haro J, Hernández A, Benítez P, Ares JA (2010) Smell disorders as early diagnosis in the early stage of sinonasal polyposis. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 61(3):209–214.

[4]. Weschta M, Rimek D, Formanek M, Polzehl D, Riechelmann H (2003) Local production of Aspergillus fumigatus specific immunoglobulin E in nasal polyps. Laryngoscope 113:1798–1802.
[5]. Settipane GA, Lund VJ, Bernstein JM, Tos M, eds. Nasal polyps: epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment. Providence, Rhode Island: The New England and Regional Allergy Proceedings, 1997.

Abstract: Structural abnormalities, often referred to as birth defects, has a set of causes ranging from pregnancy or birth complications to genetic malformations to viral infection in utero. Different causes of malformations have been established. The surveillance of a consecutive population of births, including stillbirths and selective terminations of pregnancy because of fetal anomalies can identify each infant with malformations and determine the frequency of the apparent etiologies. The abnormalities were identified from the review of the examination findings of the pediatricians and consultants and diagnostic testing for the liveborn infants and the autopsies of the fetuses in elective terminations and stillbirths. Mendelian disorders, including infants with postaxial polydactyly.........

Keywords: Newborn, Structural abnormalities.

[1]. Ahmed, H , B.A., Akbari, H. , Emami, A ., Akbari, M. R. (2017). Genetic Overview of Syndactyly and Polydactyly. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. Nov: 5 (11): e1549. [2]. Ahmed, S.F., Rodie, M. (2010). Investigation and initial management of ambiguous genitalia. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 24 (2):197–218
[3]. Alaani, S., Savabieasfahani, M., Tafash, M., Manduca, P. (2011). Four polygamous families with congenital birth defects from Fallujah, Iraq. Int. J. Environ Res.Public Heal. 8: 89-96.
[4]. Al-Hadithi, T.S., Al-Diwan, J.K, Saleh, A.M., Shabila, N.P. (2012). Birth defects in Iraq and the plausibility of environmental exposure: a review. Confl. Heal. 6: 3-10.
[5]. Bachman, K.K., DeWard, S.J., Chrysostomou. C, et al. (2015). Array CGH as a first-tier test for neonates with congenital heart disease. Cardiol Young. 25:115–122.

Abstract: Introduction : L'OMS définit la douleur comme étant une expérience sensorielle et émotionnelle désagréable en réponse à une atteinte tissulaire réelle ou potentielle ou décrite en ces termes. La prévalence de la douleur chez les hémodialysés chroniques est signalée comme supérieure à 60-70%. Ses étiologies sont multiples. L'utilisation d'une technique non pharmacologique et non effractive pour la gestion de la douleur semble avoir une place non négligeable dans les douleurs chroniques en général d'ou l'idée d'employer la neurostimulation électrique transcutanée (TENS) dans la douleur chronique de l'hémodialysé. L'objectif principal du présent travail est d'évaluer la qualité de la réponse de la douleur neuropathique à la technique TENS chez les patients hémodialysés.........

[1]. Zyga S, Alikari V, Sachlas A, Stathoulis J, Aroni A, Theofilou P, Panoutsopoulos G. Management of Pain and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis.Pain Manag Nurs. 2015 Oct;16(5):712-20.
[2]. Davidson S.N. Pain in hemodialysis patients: prevalence, cause, severity, and management. American Journal of KidneyDiseases. Volume 42, Issue 6, December 2003, Pages 1239-1247.

[3]. Spallone V, Morganti R, D'Amato C, Greco C, Cacciotti L, Marfia G. A. Validation of DN4 as a screening tool for neuropathic pain in painful diabetic polyneuropathy. Diabetic Medicine 2012; 29 (5) : 578-85.
[4]. Ghonemy TA, Allam HM, Amir ME, Kadry YA, Omar HM, Chronic pain in hemodialysis patients: Role of bonemineralmetabolism. Alexandria Journal of Medicine. 2016, volume 52, Issue 4, 337-342.
[5]. Lozeron P, Kubis N. Prise en charge de la douleur neuropathique. La revue de Médecine Interne, 36(7), 480-486.

Abstract: Tessier Pclassified the rare facial clefts which simplifies the management of these patients1. Still rarities keep appearing which cross the defined boundaries and cast a doubt on the completeness of these classifications. It is immensely difficult to perceive the morphogenesis of a rare cleft which spans a zigzag path through the embryological processes of the foetal head enlarge. This patient presented to us with a bizarre facial cleft which was classified as a combination of Tessier no. 0 and 1 cleft. Tessier craniofacial cleft may involve entire soft tissue skeletal element throughout the course of cleft, resulting in distorted craniofacial growth pattern and altered pattern for normal growth. The presentation of Tessier number: 0 cleft patient may vary from minimal changes on median facial structures such lip, vermilion and nose, and nose to wide clefts dividing all median craniofacial structures. The variability of expression of the unusual orofacial clefts can be challenging for the surgeon, while reconstructing affected facial structures.

[1]. Tessier P (1976) Anatomical classification of facial, craniofacial and laterofacial clefts. J Maxillofac Surg 4(2): 69-92 w
[2]. Shewmake KB, Kawamoto HK Jr. Congenital clefts of the nose: Principles of surgical management. Cleft PalateCraniofac J 1992;29:531-9.
[3]. Ozaki W, Kawamoto HK Jr. Craniofacial cleft. In: Lin K, editor. Craniofacial Surgery: Science & Surgical Technique. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 2001. p. 100-5.
[4]. Tessier P. Anatomical classification facial, cranio-facial and latero- facial clefts. J Maxillofac Surg 1976;4:69-92.
[5]. Kawamoto H. Rare craniofacial clefts. In: McCarthy J, edior. Plastic Surgery. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1990. p. 215-9..

Abstract: Introduction: Cirrhosis is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a diffuse process characterized by fibrosis and the conversion of normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules. In cirrhosis, normal liver is replaced by fibrotic tissue and regenerative nodules leading to progressive loss of liver function. Cirrhosis is an important cause of mortality and morbidity. The clinical presentation of cirrhosis is variable depending on the etiology and whether the hepatocellular or portal hypertension predominates. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology, Kurnool Medical College and Govt General Hospital...........

Keywords: Cirrhosis, portal hypertension, colonoscopy, portal hypertensive colopathy.

[1]. Kim WR, Gross JB, Proterucha JJ,et al. Outcome of hospital care of liver disease associated with Hepatitis C in the US. Hepatology 2001;33(1):201-6.
[2]. Sherlock S, Dooley J. Hepatocellular failure.In:Disease of liver and biliary system. 10thedn.Oxford: Blackwell Science 1997:81-5.
[3]. Sherlock S, Dooley J. The portal venous system and portal hypertension. In:Disease of liver and biliary system. 10thedn. Oxford: Blackwell Sciences 1997:l10-40.
[4]. Tehelepi H, Ralls PW, Radin R,et al. Sonography of diffuse liver disease. J Ultrasound Med 2002;21(9):1023-32.
[5]. Richard MG. Diffuse liver disease In:Textbook of gastrointestinal radiology. 10thedn.Philadelphia: WB Saunders 1994:100-8.
[6]. Kasper D, Fauci A, Longo D, et al. Alcoholic liver disease.In:MalliardME, ed. Harrison's principle of internal medicine. 15thedn. New York:Mc-Graw Hill 2001:1752-4.

Abstract: Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, chronic-re-lapsing, progressive, inflammatory bowel disease. The inflammatory process is limited to mucosa. Ulcerative colitis affects the distal rectum and extends for varying distances proximally. Clinically, it manifests most often through diarrhea, blood and/or mucus in stools, tenesmus, abdominal pain and weight loss. The explicitness of intestinal symptomatology depends on the level of inflammatory process that is the activity......

Keywords: Ulcerative colitis, arthritis, uveitis

[1]. Levine Joel B. Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatorybowel diseases. In: Kirsner Joseph B (5th ed.), InflammatoryBowel Disease. W.B. Sounders Company, Philadelphia, 2000;397-409.
[2]. Bernstein CN, Blachard JF, Rawsthorne P, Yu N. The preva-lence of extraintestinal diseases in inflammatory bowel disease:a population based study. Am J Gastroenterology 2001; 96:1116-1122.
[3]. Raj V, Lichtenstein DR, Hepatobiliary manifestations of in-flammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterology Clin North Am1999; 28: 491.
[4]. Riegler G, D'Inca R, Sturniolo GC, et al. Hepatobiliary altera-tion in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. A multicen-ter study. Caprilli and Gruppo. Italiano studio ColonRecto.Scand of Gastroenterology 1998: 33-93.
[5]. Sandborn WJ. Pouchitis following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis:definition, pathogenesis and treatment. Gastroenterology 1994;107: 1856-1860.

Abstract: Transmigration is a rare intraosseous migratory phenomenon related almost exclusively to mandibular canine. Transposition is a rare condition present in mandible but commonly encountered in maxillary arch. There are number of treatment options for these ectopic situations depend upon variety of case presentations, severity and presence of related pathologies. In this case report a 16 year old male patient presented with transmigrated 43 and transposed 33 along with retained 73 and 83. Arches were in class I molar relation. There was absence of any other related pathology. Fixed orthodontics treatment mechanics was considered as a treatment option. There was utilization of preadjusted edgewise appliance (MBT 0.022X0.028") for fixed orthodontic treatment. A well planned treatment biomechanics was followed for traction of ectopic canines to their respective positions. After around 22 months of full........

Keywords: Transmigration, Transposition, Mandibular canine, Orthodontics, Preadjusted edgewise

[1]. Thilander B, Jakobsson SO. Local factors in impaction of maxillary canine. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 1968;26:145-168.
[2]. Dalessandri D, Parrini S, Rubiano R, Gallone D, and Migliorati M. Impacted and transmigrant mandibular canines incidence, aetiology, and treatment: a systematic review. European Journal of Orthodontics, 2017:161–169.
[3]. Bishara SE. Impacted maxillary canines: A review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1992;101:159–71.
[4]. Peck S, Peck L. Classification of maxillary tooth transpositions. Am J Orthodont Dentofac Orthop 1995;107:505-17.
[5]. Perezt B, Arad A. Bilateral transposition of maxillary canine and first premolars: case report. Quintessence, 1992;23:345-8.