iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-9 ~ November-2019

Abstract: Vermiform appendix should not be considered a vestigial organ in human beings. It is a lymphoid organ which when inflamed causes serious trouble. The most common cause of acute appendicitis is obstruction of its lumen. Among all the causes of appendicitis Enterobius vermicular is is a rare cause. It is commonly seen in children. It mimics the features of acute appendicitis but may not always be responsible for acute appendicitis. The finding of E.vermicularis in appendectomy specimens is infrequent. We report a case of acute appendicitis due to Enterobius vermicular is in an elderly aged Male patient. Acute appendicitis due to parasitic infection is very rare in north costal Andhra Pradesh. In our institute it was the first case among the 150 cases of acute appendicitis in past 3yr...... .

Key words: Appendicitis, Enterobius vermicular is, helminthes, intestinal, parasitic infection.

[1]. Burkitt DP (1971) The aetiology of appendicitis. Br J Surg 58: 695-699.
[2]. Yabanoğlu H, Aytaç HÖ, Türk E, Karagülle E, Calışkan K, et al. (2014) Parasitic Infections of Appendix. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 38: 12-26.
[3]. Eleni Efraimidou, Anthia Gatopoulou, Charilaos Stamos,Nikolaos Lirantzopoulos and George Kouklakis; Enterobius Vermicularis
infection of the appendix as a cause of acute appendicitis in a Greek adolescent: a case report, Cases Journal 2008, 1:376
doi:10.1186/1757-1626-1-376 (Cases Journal).
[4]. Pickering LK, Baker CJ, Long SS, McMillan JA (2006) 2006 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases (27th edn.), American Academy of
[5]. Pediatrics, United States of America

Abstract: Patients with bowel obstruction still represent some of the most difficult and vexing problems that surgeons face today. One of the most common intra-abdominal problems faced by general surgeons in their practice remains bowel obstruction. 12% to 16% of acute abdominal emergencies may be contributed to intestinal obstruction. With its multiple etiologies, intestinal obstruction of either the small or large bowel continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Early recognition and prompt intervention can prevent irreversible ischemia and thereby decrease the mortality and long-term morbidity. The most common causes of intestinal obstruction are post-operative adhesions and hernias. Aims and Objectives is to study the incidence and various etiology of intestinal obstruction, the various modes of presentation, the importance of early diagnosis and management........

Key words: Adhesions, Obstructed hernia, Ostomy, Resection and anastomosis, Volvulus

[1]. Scott G Houghton, Antonio Ramos De la Medina, Michael G Sarr. Bowel obstruction. In: Michael J Zinner, Stanley W Ashley, eds. Maingot's Abdominal operations. 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical; 2007:479-505.
[2]. Miller G, Boman J, Shrier I, Gordon P. Etiology of small bowel obstruction. The American Journal of Surgery. 2000;180(1):33-36.
[3]. Khurana B, Ledbetter S, McTavish J, Wiesner W, Ros P. Bowel Obstruction Revealed by Multidetector CT. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2002;178(5):1139-1144.
[4]. Fischer JE, Nussbain MS. Principle of Surgery. 7th ed. New York: McGraw Hill International Editions; 1999.

Abstract: Objectives: To study the clinical scenario of acute kidney injury among cases of acute pancreatitis in a tertiary care center. Materials and methods: Cases of acute pancreatitis admitted in medical wards of government general hospital, Guntur during a study period of June 2017 to September 2018, who developed acute kidney injury were analyzed for clinical presentation, laboratory parameters, management and outcome. Results: 22 cases were found to have acute kidney injury,6 were females and 16 were males with male: female ratio 2.6:1with majority in the age range of 31 - 40 years. Pain abdomen was common presenting complaint in all cases,shortness of breath in 36.4%, fever......... .

Key words: Acute Pancreatitis (AP), Acute Kidney Injury (AKI),Intra AbdominalHypertension (IAH),Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), MultipleOrgan Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS), Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT).

[1]. Harrison text book of medicine, 19th edition.
[2]. API text book of medicine, 10th edition.
[3]. Petejova N, Martinek A. Acute kidney injury following acute pancreatitis: A review. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2013;157(2):105–113. doi:10.5507/bp.2013.048.
[4]. Whitcomb DC. Acute Pancreatitis. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(20):2142–2150.doi:10.1056/NEJMcp054958.
[5]. Kumar R, Pahwa N, Jain N. Acute Kidney Injury in Severe Acute Pancreatitis:An Experience from a Tertiary Care Center. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2015;26(1):56–60. doi:10.4103/1319-2442.14∞.

Abstract: Breast is a modified sweat gland that develops into a complex functional structure in females but remains rudimentary in males. Lesions of breast are preponderantly confined to females. In males breast is a rudimentary structure relatively insensitive to endocrine influences and apparently resistant to neoplastic growth. In females on the other hand the more complex structure, the greater breast volume and extreme sensitivity to endocrine influences all predispose this organ to a number of pathological conditions.
Most diseases of breast present as palpable masses, inflammatory lesions, nipple discharge or mammographic abnormalities. Although fortunately most are benign, cancer of breast is second most common cause of cancer deaths and one of the most dreaded diseases of women.

[1]. Park, S.-M., Lee, D.-W., Jin, S.-Y., Kim, D.-W., Jeen, Y.-M. and Choi, I.-H (.Fine-needle aspiration cytology as the first pathological diagnostic modality in breast lesions: A comparison with core needle biopsy. Basic and applied Pathology, 3: 1-6.

[2]. Obaseki DE, Olu-Eddo AN, Ogunbiyi JO. Diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology of palpable breast masses in Benin City, Nigeria. West Afr J Med. 2010 Jul-Aug; 29(4):259-62.
[3]. Martin H.E, Ellis EB, Biopsy by needle puncture and aspiration. Ann Surg.1930; 92:169-81.
[4]. O.N.Alema, A.M Gakwaya, D.Wamala.Comparision of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Fine Needle Sampling without Aspiration in Diagnosis of Palpable Breast Lumps in Mulago Hospital. East and Central African journal of Surgery. 2012 March/April; 17(1):104-10.

[5]. Prakash H Muddegowda, Jyothi B Lingegowda, Ramkumar Kurpad, PG Konapur, AS Shivarudrappa, PM Subramaniam. The value of systemic pattern analysis in FNAC of breast lesions: 225 cases with cytohistological correlation.J Cytol. 2011 Jan-Mar; 28(1): 13–19.

Abstract: For the obturation to occur satisfactorily, in addition to a well-conducted chemical-mechanical preparation, the obturator materials must be properly selected. Gutta-percha main points and accessories, associated with an endodontic cement, are the most commonly used materials to fill the root canals. He objective of this study was to evaluate the gutta-percha points standardization in Reciproc single cone obturation system, from VDW and Tanari brands, in apical diameter (D0) of 25.08, 40.06 e 50.05(n=10) sizes. The cones were stuck in a gutta-percha gauge and observed in an operating microscope in 40x increasing. Then, the diameter in the tip was measured with a digital caliper. It could be verified that there is no standardization of gutta-percha points AT D0 in the tested brands.

Keywords: Endodontics. Pulp Cavity. Root canal obturation.

[1]. CARVALHO, E.; JÚNIOR J. A.; MALVAR M. F.; ALBERGARIA S. Avaliação do selamento apical em dentes obturados pela técnica da condensação lateral híbrida, de Tagger e Thermafil. Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas, Salvador, v. 5, n. 1, p. 239-244, set./dez. 2006.
[2]. ANDREASEN JO, Relationship between cell damage in the periodontal ligament after replantation and subsequent development of rootresorption. A time-related study in monkeys.ActaOdontolScand 1981. vol.39,n.1,p.15-25.
[3]. CASTILHO, E. H. et al. Acurácia do diâmetro de ponta de cones de guta-percha com diferentes conicidades. Arquivos em Odontologia, Belo Horizonte, v. 50, n.3, p. 138-141, jul/set. 2014.
[4]. CUNHA, S. R. et al. Avaliação do diâmetro D0de cones estandardizados de diferentes marcas comerciais através de régua calibradora. Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia, [S. l.], v. 4, n. 51, p. 215-218, out. 2003.
[5]. DE DEUS, G. et al. Extended cyclic fatigue life of F2 ProTaper instruments used in reciprocating movement.International Endodontic Journal, v. 43, n. 12, p. 1063-1068, 2010.

Abstract:Background: Influenza A H1N1 virus emerged in 2009 and caused pandemic with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. India confirmed its first case on 16th May 2009. After 2009 pandemic, influenza A H1N1 has become a seasonal influenza strain circulating with other seasonal influenza strains. Aim: To study clinical and epidemiological profile of influenza A H1N1 cases in a tertiary care hospital of central India. Material and methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted from January to December 2017. Swabs were taken from suspected patients and sent to ICMR Reference Laboratory for real time RT PCR. Results: A total of 717 suspected cases were..............

Keywords: CFR, Influenza A H1N1, RT PCR.

[1]. Influenza (Seasonal), World Health Organization, April 2009. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs211/en.
[2]. Update: Novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection Mexico. 2. March-May, 2009. CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report June 5,2009/58;585-9.
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[4]. John TJ, Moorthy M. 2009 pandemic influenza in India. Indian Pediatr 2010;47:25-31.
[5]. Khanna M, Kumar P, Choudhary K, Kumar B. Emerging influenza virus: A serious global threat. J Biosci 2008;33:475-82.

Abstract: Background: Cesarean scar pregnancy is an increasing challenge worldwide. Caesarean scar pregnancies are a rare obstetric complication, resulting from implantation of an embryo on previous cesarean scar, but there has been a surge of reports in the medical literature in the past decade, prompted by the increase in occurrence secondary to the seemingly inexorable rise in caesarean deliveries.. It can be devastating because of complications such as uterine rupture and massive hemorrhage, leading to increased maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To identify the clinical presentations, determinants of management and management outcomes in presenting our experience with this condition over a 5-year period in Ain Shams University maternity hospital.............

Keywords: Caesarean section, cesarean section scar pregnancy, abnormally invasive placenta

[1]. Köroğlu M, Kayhan A, Soylu FN, Erol B, Schmid-Tannwald C, Gürses C, Karademir I, Ernst R, Yousuf A, Oto A. MR imaging of ectopic pregnancy with an emphasis on unusual implantation sites. Japanese journal of radiology. 2013; 31(2):75-80.
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[4]. Biccard BM, Madiba TE, Kluyts HL, et al. Perioperative patient outcomes in the African Surgical Outcomes Study: a 7-day prospective observational cohort study. Lancet 2018; 391: 1589–98.
[5]. Molina G, Weiser TG, Lipsitz SR, et al. Relationship between cesarean delivery rate and maternal and neonatal mortality. JAMA 2015; 314: 2263–70.

Abstract: Background: Targeted therapy such as TKIs have prominent application in treatment of solid organ malignancies due to their effective response associated with changes in HRQoL scores during treatment and correlation of ADRs with medication adherence. Objectives: The aim of the present study is to assess the Adverse Drug Reaction of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and their impact on Quality of Life in Solid Organ Malignancy Patients. Methodology: 33 patients with solid organ malignancies on TKIs were included in this prospective, observational and analytical study conducted in the day care wards and in-patient department of Sri Shankara Cancer Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Bengaluru, India..........

Keywords: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Quality of Life, Solid Organ Malignancy, Adverse Drug Reactions, Non small cell lung carcinoma, Hepatocellular carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumour.

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[3]. Susan Chang, Lidia Schapira. Lung Cancer - Non-Small Cell. [Internet]. American society of clinical oncology. 2019 [cited 19 Feb 2019]. Available from: https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/lung-cancer-non-small-cell/treatment-options.
[4]. Leo, Gloria Rosen. What Are Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors? [Internet].American cancer society. 2019 [cited 15 Feb 2019]. Available from: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/gastrointestinal-stromal-tumor/about/what-is-gist.html#references.