iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-9 ~ September-2019

Abstract: Background and Objectives Intoxication has been illustrated as a particular stake in teenagers, both from epidemiologically and experimentally. Various studies found that fair reduction in the frequency of use among teenagers' substance, drug or alcohol abusers was associated with improvements on QOL. In this study, we evaluated the relationships between alcohol/drug use and QOL among teenagers. Methods Organisations contacted up to 100 adolescents each for age group (Thirteen to Nineteen years). The adolescents were assessed by using digital questionnaire and RAND SF-36 (v.1) questionnaire. HRQoL were analysed by RAND SF-36 (v.1) Questionnaire those who tried once or used toxic stuff due to mass media exposure. Result Out of 300 adolescents, 217 males and.........

Key word: Intoxication, Teenager's QoL, Mass media exposure, HRQoL, SF-36

[1]. Strandheim A, Holmen T.L., Coombes L and Bentzen N (2009): Alcohol intoxication and mental health among adolescents – a population review of 8983 young people, 13–19 years in North-Trøndelag, Norway: the Young-HUNT Study, Bio Med Central, doi:10.1186/1753-2000-3-18
[2]. DejanStevanovic, Olayinka Atilola, Yatan Pal Singh Balhara, Mohamad Avicenna, Hasan Kandemir, PanosVostanis, RajnaKnez&Petar Petrov (2015): The Relationships Between Alcohol/Drug Use and Quality of Life Among Adolescents: An International, Cross-Sectional Study, Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2013.773864
[3]. Elkins IJ, McGue M, Iacono WG: Prospective effects of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and sex on adolescent substance use and abuse. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2007, 64:1145-1152.
[4]. Niemela S, Sourander A, Poikolainen K, Helenius H, Sillanmaki L, Parkkola K, Piha J, Kumpulainen K, Almqvist F, Moilanen I: Childhood predictors of drunkenness in late adolescence among males: a 10-year population-based follow-up study. Addiction 2006, 101:512-521.
[5]. Marshal MP, Molina BSG, Pelham WE: Childhood ADHD and adolescent substance use: An examination of deviant peer group affiliation as a risk factor. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors2003,17:293-302.

Abstract: Introduction: Inherited hemoglobin disorders ( hemoglobinpathies and Thalassemias) constitute an important cause of mobidity and mortality in children. They impose a heavy burden on the affected families and the health sector. This is a public health problem in Assam and North Eastern states. Data pertaining to the pattern of the thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies are lacking in our state .Hence, this study was undertaken to know the clinical profile and pattern of hemoglobinpathies and thalassemias cases admitted in pediatrics department. Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Pediatrics , Tezpur Medical College and hospital,Tezpur,Assam over a period of one year from January 2017 to December 2017 . Total 75 children of inherited hemoglobin disorders (chronic.........

Key words :Anemia,Hemoglobinopathies, Thalassemia, Children, HPLC, Assam

[1]. Michael R , DeBaun, Mellisa J, Frei Jones, Elliot P, Vichin sky: Hemoglobinopathies: chapter 462: page 2336-2348: Nelson Text Book of Pediatrics, First south Asia edition:2016 : vol-2.
[2]. Michael R , DeBaun, Mellisa J, Frei Jones, Elliot P, Vichin sky: Thalassemia syndrome : chapter 462 .10: page 2349-2353: Nelson Text Book of Pediatrics, First south Asia edition:2016 : vol-2.
[3]. https// www. who.int./ : Bulletin of the World health organization: 2019 : Global epidemiology of hemoglobin disorders.
[4]. https// mohfw.gov.in : files pdf. : Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, 7th August, 2018
[5]. Mohanty D, Colah RB, Gorakshakar AC, Patel RZ, Master DC,Mahanta J, et al. Prevalence of β-thalassemia and other haemoglobinopathies in six cities in India: A multicentre study. J Community Genet 2013;4:33-42..

Abstract: Introduction: The emergence and spread of resistance to antibiotics among common pathogenic bacteria is an important health care concern. Today the magnitude of the problem has become a threat to reverse the scientific progress made so far. Aims and objectives: To know the prevalence of extended broad spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs) producing Klebsiella pneumonia strains among nosocomial infections and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Materials and methods: Klebsiella pneumonia, 300 strains isolated from various clinical samples namely urine, pus, sputum and blood collected from various admitted cases in Katuri Medical College and hospital during the period from June 2015-2016. The organisms cultured from specimens were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae......... .

[1]. Dr. Anbumani Narayanaswamy* Ψ MDPhD and Prof. M. Mallika** MD, Prevalence and Susceptibility ofextended spectrum beta-lactamases inurinary isolates of Escherichia coli,Internet Journal of Medical Update 2011 January;6(1):39-43 Published online 2014 Aug 17. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.08.002

[2]. Sibhghatulla Shaikh,a Jamale Fatima,b Shazi Shakil,b,⁎ Syed Mohd. Danish Rizvi,a and Mohammad Amjad Kamalc,d, Antibiotic resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases: Types, epidemiology and treatment, Saudi J Biol Sci. 2015 Jan; 22(1): 90–101. Published online 2014 Aug 17. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.08.002

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[5]. Livermore D.M. Beta-lactamases in laboratory and clinical resistance. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.1995;8:557–584. [PubMed]

Abstract: Background: Brachial plexus block with Bupivacaine provides effective intraoperative anesthesia and analgesia. Studies have found that the addition of Dexamethasone as an adjunct to Bupivacaine prolonged the duration of anesthesia and analgesia when compared to bupivacaine alone. Objective: to compare the onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade following administration of either bupivacaine alone or in combination with dexamethasone in supraclavicular brachial plexus block using peripheral nerve stimulator. Material and Methods: 100 ASA I and II patients, aged between 18 and 60 years, who underwent elective upper limb surgeries were randomly....... .

Keywords: brachial plexus block; regional anesthesia; bupivicane; dexamithasone; sensory block; motor block

[1]. El-Emam E-SM. Comparative evaluation of dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants for bupivacaine in ultrasound-Guided infraorbital nerve block for cleft lip repair: A prospective, randomized, Double-Blind study. Anesthesia, essays, and researches. 2019;13(2):354.
[2]. Pöpping DM, Elia N, Marret E, Wenk M, Tramer MR. Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Local Anesthetics for Peripheral Nerve and Plexus BlocksA Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials. Anesthesiology: The Journal of the American Society of Anesthesiologists. 2009;111(2):406-15.
[3]. Rachel H, Foster AM. Levobupivacaine A Review of its pharmacology and use as a Local Anaesthetic. Drugs. 2000;59(3):551.
[4]. Saryazdi H, Yazdani A, Sajedi P, Aghadavoudi O. Comparative evaluation of adding different opiates (morphine, meperidine, buprenorphine, or fentanyl) to lidocaine in duration and quality of axillary brachial plexus block. Advanced biomedical research. 2015;4.
[5]. Nancheva J, Andonovski A, Georgieva D, Božinovski Z, Džoleva R, Gavrilovski A, et al. Does the addition of dexamethasone to local anesthetic prolong the analgesia of interscalen plexus brachialis block in patients with shoulder surgery? Sanamed. 2016;11(1):15-20.]

Abstract: Objective – Abnormal collection of fluid in pleural cavity is pleural effusion. Aim of this study was to provide a systematic approach to investigate the patients of pleural effusion in respect to etiology and clinical profile. Material and Method: A prospective observational study was conducted in 100 consecutive cases of pleural effusion. Detailed history, clinical examination. Thoracentesis followed by pleural fluid analysis were done in each cases. Pleural biopsy, Fibreoptic bronchoscopy, CT scan were done where indicated. Results – Most of the cases were male (65%) and were in the age group of 31-40 years(36%). Exudative pleural effusion was commonest (93%). Tuberculosis........ .

Key words – Pleural effusion, Tuberculosis, Malignancy, Pleural fluid analysis, Pleural biopsy

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[2]. Maskell NA, Butland RJA: BTS Guidelines for the investigation of a unilateral pleural effusion in adults. Thorax 2003; 58 (supple 2):ii8-ii17.
[3]. Prakash URS, Reiman HM. Comparison of needle biopsy with cytologic analysis for the evaluation of pleural effusion: analysis of 414 cases. Mayo Clin Proc. 1985;60:158-164
[4]. Maldhure BR, Bedukar SP, Kulkarni HP, Papinwar SP. Pleural biopsy and adenosine deaminase in pleural fluid for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion. The Indian journal of Tuberculosis. 1994;41:161-5.
[5]. Valdes L, Alvarez D, Valle JM, Pose A, Jose ES. The etiology of pleural effusions in an area with high incidence of tuberculosis. Chest.1996;109(1) :158-62.

Abstract:This paper refer to a prototype clinical decision support tool for risk level of patientswithpolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is a disease with hormones that affects women during their childbearing years (ages 15 to 40). Between 2.2 and 26.7 percent of women in this age group have PCOS.It is a mixedsyndrome of uncertain cause. Since the symptoms of PCOS are seemingly distinct to one another the condition is often overlooked and undiagnosed. The determination of accurate degree of PCOS signs is difficult for the doctor of medicine.Hence, the accuracy of diagnostic process is difficult to achieve.The signs and symptoms of PCOS are usually expressed in qualitative and quantitative ways. Since the qualitative factors cannotmeasure in a quantitative way, various types of uncertaintiesmay occur such as incompleteness and vagueness. For...... .

Keywords: Belief Rule Base (BRB), Uncertainty, RIMER, Evidential Reasoning, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), Signs and Symptoms

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[3]. Y. M. Wang, J. B. Yang and D. L. Xu, "Environmental Impact Assessment Using the Evidential Reasoning Approach", European Journal of Operational Research, Vol.174, No.3, pp.1885-1913, 2006.
[4]. Lisa M. (2008). The Sage encyclopedia of qualitative research methods. Los Angeles, Calif.: Sage Publications. ISBN 1-4129-4163-6.
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Abstract: Factor XI deficiency is an uncommon disorder and is rarely encountered during pregnancy. However correct diagnosis, appropriate management planning and multidisciplinary collaboration is required to have successful outcomes. Although rare but tertiary obstetric care centers have to be well versed in the care of these cases.

[1]. Emsley J, Mcewan PA, Gailani D. Structure and function of factor XI. Blood. 2010;115(13):2569–77.
[2]. Sharma SK, Kumar S, Seth T, Mishra P, Agrawal N, Singh G, Singh AK, Mahapatra M, Tyagi S, Pati H, Saxena R. Clinical profile of patients with rare inherited coagulation disorders: a retrospective analysis of 67 patients from northern India. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2012;4(1):e2012057
[3]. Pavord, S, Rayment, R and Madan, B et al. Green-top Guideline No. 71: Management of Inherited Bleeding Disorders in Pregnancy. BJOG. 2017;19(3):261–..
[4]. Musclow CE, Amato D, Ofosu F, Armstrong AL, Abbott D Transfusion-induced specific anti-factor XI inhibitor in a patient with previously unrecognized factor XI deficiency. Am J ClinPathol. 988 Mar;89(3):418-22
[5]. Sharma SK, Kumar S, Seth T, Mishra P, Agrawal N, Singh G, Singh AK, Mahapatra M, Tyagi S, Pati H, Saxena R. Clinical profile of patients with rare inherited coagulation disorders: a retrospective analysis of 67 patients from northern India. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2012;4(1):e2012057

Abstract: Introduction: Breast pain also known as mastalgia is the dull acne in the breast, cause is multifactorial. It can affect any age group.Breast cancer is the most common site-specific cancer in women and is the leading cause of death from cancer for women aged 20-59 years worldwide. In India, breast cancer has ranked number one cancer among females, with age adjusted incidence as high as 25.8 per 100,000 women and mortality 12.7 per 100,000 women. Materials and Methods: Patients with complaints of breast pain in the age group 15 to 60 years with clinically no palpable mass attending to the Surgery OPD, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Porompat, Imphal, Manipur, between........ .

Key Words: Breast pain, Breast cancer, palpable mass,

[1]. Kumar HC, Khadri SI, Kemparaj T,et al. Benign breast diseases: our institutional experience. JEMDS2014;3(62):13637-44.
[2]. Memon A, Parveen S, Sangrarasi AK, et al. Changing pattern of benign breast lumps inyoung females. World J Med Sci 2007;2(1):21-4.
[3]. Morris KT, Pommier RF, Morris A, et al. Usefulness of the triple test score for palpable breast masses. Arch Surg2001;136(9):1008-13.
[4]. Johnsen C. Breast disease. A clinical study with special reference to diagnostic procedures. Acta Chir Scand Suppl 1975;454:1-108.
[5]. Bassett LW, Ysrael M, Gold RH,et al. Usefulness of mammography and sonography in women less than 35 years of age. Radiology1991;180(3):831-5.

Abstract: Background
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a chronic inflammatoryprocess of the muco-periosteal lining of the middle ear cleft and often occurs as a sequel of untreated acute otitis media.Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media is a disease caused by various factors, But main etiological factor causing chronic ear disease lies in nose and the nasopharynx(2,3).World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated the global burden of illness from CSOM involves 65–330 million individuals with draining ears, 60% of whom (39–200 million) suffer from significant hearing impairment.It is one the commonest causes ofconductive deafness(5).The present study is an........ .

Key Words: Deviated nasal septum, Eustachian tube dysfunction, Medialized uncinate process

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Abstract: Shoulder pain is one of the most common complaint with which patients consult an orthopaedician and rotator cuff pathologies is the commonest cause of it. The imaging modalities used for evaluation of rotator cuff pathologies are USG and MRI.USG is less time consuming and cost effective modality for detection of rotator cuff pathologies. This study is done to compare the efficiency of USG in detection of shoulder pathologies when compared to MRI.

Key Words: Full thickness tears, Rotator cuff Pathologies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Ultrasonography

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[5]. Bureau NJ, Beauchamp M, Cardinal E, Brassard P. Dynamic sonography evaluation of shoulder impingement syndrome. Am J Roentgenol. 2006;187(1):216-20..

Abstract: Accessibility and affordability to health care facilities is an important concern for the developing countries. It is the responsibility of the entire health system hence to prescribe, provide and dispense correct and appropriate drugs and avoid polypharmacy given the general socioeconomic status of our country. Evaluation and study of prescribing pattern will help in rational use of drugs directly leading to good patient compliance and dispersal of a good prescription containing the required details for patient's understanding and delivery of a rational treatment. A prospective, cross-sectional and observational study was conducted in the OPD of ENT department...... .

Key Words: Prescribing pattern, Antimicrobials, ENT, Generic name.

[1]. Anandhasayanam A, Kannan S, Md. Sajir and Zachariah N: Drug Prescription Pattern Observation at a ENT OPD Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Malappuram District of Kerala. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2016; 7(10): 4157-63.doi: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7(10).4157-63
[2]. Sumalatha R, Nagabushan H, Prasad HM. Drug utilization study in otorhinolaryngology outpatient department in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol 2017;6:572-6

[3]. Guru Prasad N. B, Kulkarni Dhananjay, Rajasekhar C. H, Rajesh D, Raghavendra A. Y, Vinodraj K, Advaitha M. V, Nikhilesh Anand. "A Study of Prescription Pattern of Antimicrobial Usage in Ear, Nose and Throat Infections of a Rural Teaching Hospital". Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2014; Vol. 3, Issue 60, November 10; Page: 13407-13414, DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2014/3788
[4]. George M, Joseph L , Manju R , Mathew A , Babu F L , Abraham T. Analysis of Drug Utilization Pattern of ENT Infections in Paediatric Patients. Ijppr.Human, 2018; Vol. 12 (4): 369-387
[5]. Kishore Kumar Y, Cheekavolu C, Obulesu G. Drug utilization pattern in Ent OPD of government tertiary care teaching hospital in Raigarh. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017;3:1042-5.

Abstract: Introduction: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is the most common cause of prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis and accounts for nearly half of all prenatally1 detected uropathies .The incidence of UPJO is high & often leads to development of hydronephrosis that is dilation of renal collecting system. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Surgery, Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata from April 2014 to August 2015. All patients (Age 2-12 years) admitted in paediatric surgery ward for Anderson Hynes pyeloplasty for Hydronephrosis due to pelvi-ureteric obstruction in Medical College Hospital, Kolkata. Medical records including OPD tickets, BHTs for relevant history & chemical examination, reports of previous & current investigations (biochemical, hematological, microscopical & radiological investigations as stated above)........ .

Key Words:Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty, Cumming stent, DJ stent, Hydronephrosis, Uretero-pelvic junction obstruction

[1]. Weerakkody Y, Niknejad MT. Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction. Radopedia. Available at: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ pelviureteric-junction-obstruction-1.
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[3]. Notley RG. Electron microscopy of the upper ureter and the pelvi-ureteric junction. Br J Urol. 1968;40(1):37-52.
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[5]. Hanna MK, Jeffs RD, Sturgess JH, Barkin M. Ureteral structure and ultrastructure: part 11: congenital hydronephrosis and primary obstructive megaureter. J Urol. 1976;116:725-9.
[6]. Nadu A, Mottrie A, Geavlete P. Ureteropelvic junction obstruction: which surgical approach?. Euro Urol Supplements. 2009;(8):778-81..

Abstract: Introduction: Cerebrovascular stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability throughout the World. There are many risk factors which precede stroke by several years. Hypertension is considered the main risk factor for cerebral thrombosis as well as cerebral hemorrhage. In most cases stroke is merely an incident in the slowly progressive course of a generalized vascular disease. After heart disease, Stroke is the second leading single cause of death, with 5·8 million fatal cases per year, 40% of which are in people younger than 70 years. About 15 million new acute stroke events arise every year, and about 55 million people have had a stroke at....... .

Key Words: Cerebrovacsular stroke, Hypertension, Hscrp.

[1]. Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine, 19 E(2015) chapter 446, page 2559.
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Abstract: Introduction: Cerebrovascular stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability throughout the World. There are many risk factors which precede stroke by several years. Hypertension is considered the main risk factor for cerebral thrombosis as well as cerebral hemorrhage. In most cases stroke is merely an incident in the slowly progressive course of a generalized vascular disease. Objective: To determine the association of serum homocystiene level with other clinical findings associated with patients of stroke. Method: Data for the study was collected from patients with CVA admitted in Department of Medicine at R.I.M.S RANCHI. Total of 100 patients were included in this study and their detailed clinical and etiological analysis was done........ .

Key Words: Cerebrovacsular stroke, Hypertension, Homocysteine

[1]. Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine, 19 E(2015) chapter 446, page 2559.
[2]. Brain's textbook of nervous system , oxford university press UK.
[3]. Easton JD, Saver JL, Albers GW, et al. Definition and evaluation of transient ischemic attack.
[4]. API text book of medicine, ninth edition, volume 2 , ischemic cerebrovascular diseases , page 1401

[5]. Perry, I. J., et al. "Prospective study of serum total homocysteine concentration and risk of stroke in middle-aged British men." The Lancet 346.8987 (1995): 1395-1398..

Abstract: Introduction: Cerebrovascular stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability throughout the World. There are many risk factors which precede stroke by several years. Hypertension is considered the main risk factor for cerebral thrombosis as well as cerebral hemorrhage. In most cases stroke is merely an incident in the slowly progressive course of a generalized vascular disease. . In urban India stroke accounts for 1% mortality of all hospital admissions, 4% in all medical cases and about 20% in all disorders of central nervous system. Objective: To determine the association of serum fibrinogen level with other clinical findings associated with patients of stroke........ .

Key Words: Cerebrovacsular stroke, Hypertension, Fibrinogen.

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