iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2021

Abstract: Background: Vitamin A is necessary not only for prevention of xerophthalmia but also for preserving integrity and maintaining the function of several organs in the body. Available evidence has established the role of vitamin A in preventing childhood morbidity and mortality1,2. Vitamin A deficiency is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India and other developing countries 3. An estimated 5.7% children in India suffer from eye signs of vitamin A deficiency 4. Although, vitamin A deficiency can occur in any age group, the most serious effects are usually seen in the preschool children5. So this study was done to assess vitamin A coverage and factors influencing it..........

Keywords: Vitamin A, Coverage, Urban Slum

[1]. Vijayraghavan K, Radhaiah G, Surya Prakasam B. Effect of massive dose of Vitamin A on morbidity and mortality in Indian children. Lancet. 1990;336:1342–5.
[2]. Rahamatulla L, Underwood BA, Thilasiraj RD. Reduced mortality among children in Southern India receiving a small weekly dose of Vitamin A. N Engl J Med. 1990;323:929–35.
[3]. Aggarwal K. Eliminating vitamin A through early supplementation. Indian J Pediatr. 2007;74:963.
[4]. Policy-note on Vitamin A supplementation. Child Health division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Nirman Bhawan, New Delhi. Letter No.Z.28020/30/2003-CH. 2006 Nov 2nd.
[5]. Yadav RJ, Singh P. Vitamin A deficiency and goiter in antenatal mothers in a city hospital. Indian J Community Med. 2004;29:132–3.

Abstract: Background: There is paucity of studies exploring the possible influence of prolonged sitting and non-exercise thermogenic activities on cognition and the autonomic function tests. Therefore this study evaluated effect of sedentary behaviour and Non-exercise thermogenic activities among adults. Methodology: A cross sectional study was designed to score 100 subjects of both genders of age 18-40 years into Inactive (<600Mets min/week, measuring activity) and Health enhancing physically active group (HEPA) group (>3000Mets min/week) by using International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ).2,17 Stroop test to assess cognition and cardiovascular reactivity to stress was evaluated. Heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed in both the groups......

Keywords: Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET), Non-exercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT), International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ), health enhancing physically active group (HEPA) group

[1]. Healy, G.N., Dunstan, D.W., Salmon, J., Cerin, E., Shaw, J.E., Zimmet, P.Z. and Owen, N,. Breaks in sedentary time: beneficial associations with metabolic risk. Diabetes care, 2008. 31(4), pp.661-666.
[2]. Ainsworth, B.E., Haskell, W.L., Whitt, M.C., Irwin, M.L., Swartz, A.M., Strath, S.J., O Brien, W.L., Bassett, D.R., Schmitz, K.H., Emplaincourt, P.O. and Jacobs, D.R. Compendium of physical activities: an update of activity codes and MET intensities. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2000, 32(9; SUPP/1), pp.S498-S504.
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Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are one of the commonest side effects of antituberculosis drug. Early recognition, prompt withdrawal of suspected ATT drug and administration of steroids in severe cases are the corner stone of its management MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five patients admitted with cutaneous adverse reactions to anti tuberculosis therapy in various forms such as Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, Severe Exfoliative Dermatitis,DRESS , pellagra, and Lichenoid eruptions during different time periods of December 2019 to December 2020 in Department of Thoracic medicine at Thanjavur Medical College and Hospital and Kilpauk Medical College and HospitalAmong five cases first three were drug sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis, next two cases were Extrapulmonary tuberculosis like pleural.....

Keywords: Anti-tubercular therapy,cutaneous adverse drug reaction

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Abstract: BACKGROUND Ulcer or raw area formed due to multiple causes like trauma, burns, venous and arterial insufficiency, etc. To cover the raw area most commonly used surgical Technique is SPLIT THICKNESS SKIN graft AIM: To compare the graft take up rate after harvesting with TT and NTT. METHODS Data was collected from patients presenting to outpatient Department of General Surgery and plastic surgery, SVRRGGH, Tirupati with the ulcers due to various etiology during the period of september 2018 to august 2019 were included in the study......

Keywords: TT tumescent technique, NTT non-tumescent technique

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Abstract: INTRODUCTION Human amniotic membrane is a uniquely suited material for use as an allograft in wound management. It is used in its natural form , later in preserved preparations the material assists in the healing process through a number of properties such as physical, biochemical and molecular biological pathways to promote regenerative healing while simultaneously reducing scar formation......

Keywords Chronic leg ulcers, amniochorionic allograft, graft take up.

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Abstract: Background An inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) and various supplemental injections are frequently required for profound pulpal anesthesia in posterior mandibular teeth with irreversible pulpitis. The goal of this randomized, double-blind study was to compare the anesthetic success rate of articaine and lidocaine buccal infiltration injections when coupled with an IANB. Method A total of 125 emergency patients with irreversible pulpitis in their first or second mandibular molars took part in the trial and were given the IANB using either 2 percent lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine or 4 percent articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. One hundred and two patients reported moderate-to-severe pain at the start of their endodontic treatment or......

Key Words: lidocaine, Articaine, infiltration, irreversible pulpitis

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Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to show the effectiveness of TightRope fixation for acromioclavicular joint dislocation in terms of functional outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Between January 2017 to August 2019, patients with acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation who underwent acromiovclavicular joint reconstruction with TightRope were followed. This study included 8 male patients and 2 female patients aged 26 to 49 with an average of 37.5 years. Rockwood classification included 6 cases of type III, 4 cases of type IV. Patients were followed up clinically using the University of California Los Angeles score. RESULTS: All cases were augmented........

Keywords: Acromioclavicular joint dislocation, AC joint, TightRope

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Abstract: Background: Acute Respiratory Tract infections are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality among children globally as well as in India. . With advent of lung protective ventilation and other novel strategies mortality associated with Acute respiratory distress syndrome has showed a steep decline over the past few decades in many of the first world countries. Mortality rates were variable across these centres and have been shown to vary from 10-15% with mild cases to as high as 33% in severe disease. However this decline has not been reflected in studies conducted in Asian developing countries with an average mortality of 51% and some centres showing upto 70% death rate. This variability could be attributed to availability of resources, socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds. The aim of this study is therefore to evaluate the mortality associated with ARDS in a tertiary care centre of Western Maharashtra and to assess the risk factors associated with mortality.........

Key Word: Acute respiratory distress syndrome ; mortality ; anemia ; malnutrition

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Abstract: Tuberculosis is till now an important causes of mortality and morbidity in Bangladesh, a part of South East Asian region caused by Mycobecterium tuberculosis. The disease primarily affects the lungs to cause pulmonary tuberculosis. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is caused by the same bacteria but that are resistant to both isoniazid and rifampicin, the most effective anti-TB drugs, which increases the morbidity of the patient as well as the cost management causing an important impact upon national health economy. To prevent or to control this the 'risk score' obtained from this study could be applied at the high risk community level for early suspicion and can refer to them for further DST and thus the economical load will be lessen of treating MDR-TB. A descriptive cross-sectional study was done......

Keywords: Tuberculosis; MDR-TB; DOTS Corner; Risk Profile; Sputum Microscopy

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