iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2021

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: liver abscess is a common condition in india . A liver abscess occurs when bacteria and protozoa destroy hepatic tissue , producing a cavity, which fills with infective organisms It .Upto 40% of patients develop complications with pyogenic liver abscess most commonly sepsis. In addition to sepsis morbidity can include pleural effusion , empyema , pneumonia . abscesses may also rupture intraperitoneally, which is fatal. liver abscess is a common condition in india . A liver abscess occurs when bacteria and protozoa destroy hepatic tissue , producing a cavity, which fills with infective organisms It ,liquefied liver cells and leukocytes. Necrotic tissue then walls of the cavity from the rest of the liver.....

KEY WORDS: pigtail catheterisation

[1]. Barnes S, Lillemoe K, Liver abscess and hydatid cyst disease. In : Zinner M, Schwartz S,Ellis H, Ashley S, McFadden D (eds). Maingots Abdomial Operations, 10th ed. Stanford,CT:Appleton & Lange; 1997:1513-1545
[2]. Pitt HA. Surgical management oh hepatic abscesses. World J Surg 1990;14:498-504[PubMed: 2200212]
[3]. Huang CJ, Pitt HA, Lipsett PA et al. Pyogenic hepatic abscess: changing trends over 42years. Ann Surg 1996;223:600-609 [PubMed: 13093985]
[4]. Leslie DB, Dunn DL. Hepatic abscess. In: Cameron J (ed). Current Surgical Therapy,8th ed.Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2004:298-303
[5]. Farges O, Leese T, Bismuth H. Pyogenic liver abscess: an improvement in prognosis. Br J Surg.1988;75:862-5.3.

Abstract: Background: Chikungunya (CHIK) is an overlooked, re-emerging arboviral disease. It is characterized by an abrupt onset of fever with severe arthralgia and rash lasting for 1-7 days. The disease is almost self-limiting and rarely fatal, but timely diagnosis is important for early symptomatic and supportive treatment. In Covid 19 Era limited information on CHIK confirmed cases is available from India. Objective: The goal of this study is to find out the Prevalence of CHIK viral infection in a tertiary care hospital with its seasonal variation in year 2020. Materials and Methods: Serum samples from patients with febrile illness with clinically suspected signs and symptoms of CHIK from January 2020 to December 2020 were included in the study. All samples were screened for CHIK IgM antibodies by Standard Diagnostic ELISA method.
Results: Out of total 3173 serum......

Keywords: Chikungunya, Overlooked, Re-emerging, Prevalence, ELISA

[1]. Chhabra M, Mittal V, Bhattacharya D, Rana U, Lal S. Chikungunya fever: A re-emerging viral infection. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008; 26:5-12.
[2]. Text book of Medical Microbiology jawetz, Melnick & Adelbergs 24th edition.
[3]. Ravi V Re-emergence of chikungunya virus in India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006; 24:83-4.
[4]. Muniaraj M. Fading chikungunya fever from India: Beginning of the end of another episode? Indian j med res 2014; 139:468-70
[5]. National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme. Available from: http://nvbdcp.gov.in/ , accessed on February 17, 2018.

Abstract: Background:. Patients with acute ischemic stroke and large vessel occlusion (LVO) may benefit from prehospital identification and transfer to a center offering endovascular therapy. In present study authors aimed to investigate the utility of the vision, aphasia, neglect (VAN) assessment, for clinical diagnosis of emergent large vessel occlusion stroke at a tertiary hospital. Material and Methods: Present study was single-center, prospective, observational study conducted patients with suspected stroke. Vision, aphasia, and neglect (VAN) assessment tool was used to identify stroke patients with emergent LVO on arrival. Residents posted in emergency ward/ casualty were trained to perform the VAN assessment screen in suspected stroke patients. Results: During study period 56 stroke patients were screened for emergent LVO on arrival by vision, aphasia, and neglect (VAN) assessment tool. Mean Age was 63.56.....

Keywords: LVO screen; VAN assessment; acute ischemic stroke; stroke

[1]. Berkhemer OA, Fransen PS, Beumer D, et al; MR CLEAN Investigators. A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2015;372:11-20.
[2]. Malhotra K, Gornbein J, Saver JL. Ischemic strokes due to large-vessel occlusions contribute disproportionately to stroke-related dependence and death: a review. Front Neurol 2017;8:651
[3]. Nogueira RG, Jadhav AP, Haussen DC, et al. . Thrombectomy 6 to 24 hours after stroke with a mismatch between deficit and infarct. N Engl J Med 2018;378:11–21.
[4]. Teleb MS, Ver Hage A, Carter J, Jayaraman MV, McTaggart RA. Stroke vision, aphasia, neglect (VAN) assessment—a novel emergent large vessel occlusion screening tool: Pilot study and comparison with current clinical severity indices. J Neurointerv Surg. 2017; 9(2): 122–126p.
[5]. Lima, Fabricio O et al. "Pre-hospital Assessment of Large Vessel Occlusion Strokes: Implications for Modeling and Planning Stroke Systems of Care." Frontiers in neurology vol. 10 955. 13 Sep. 2019.

Abstract: Background: Colorectal cancers were studied extensively for their association with environmental and dietary factors, and gut microflora. Helicobacter pylori is known to be associated with a large spectrum of gastric and extra-gastric conditions. H. pylori has been recognized as a class I human carcinogen by the International agency for cancer research . There are recent reports on the role of H. pylori in the promotion of tumour growth in extra-gastric organs, of which its role in colorectal neoplasm is gaining interest. Aims and objectives: This study aims to evaluate the association of H. pylori infection and colorectal cancers. To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with colorectal cancers and compare with controls.To examine the possible correlation of overall H. pylori infection and the CagA strains with the site, histopathological differentiation......

Key Words: CAG A, Colorectal cancer ,ELISA, H.Pylori, Rapid Urease Test

[1]. Inoue I, Kato J, Tamai H, Iguchi M, Maekita T, Yoshimura N, et al. Helicobacter pylori-related chronic gastritis as a risk factor for colonic neoplasms. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20:1485-92.
[2]. Zumkeller N, Brenner H, Zwahlen M, Rothenbacher D. Helicobacter pylori infection and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Helicobacter. 2006;11:75-80.
[3]. D'Onghia V, Leoncini R, Carli R, Santoro A, Giglioni S, Sorbellini F, et al. Circulating gastrin and ghrelin levels in patients with colorectal cancer: correlation with tumour stage, Helicobacter pylori infection and BMI. Biomed Pharmacother Biomedicine Pharmacother. 2007;61:137-41.
[4]. Ryberg B, Axelson J, Hakanson R, Sundler F, Mattsson H. Trophic effects of continuous infusion of [Leu15]-gastrin-17 in the rat. Gastroenterology. 1990;98:33-8.
[5]. Renga M, Brandi G, Paganelli GM, Calabrese C, Papa S, Tosti A, et al. Rectal cell proliferation and colon cancer risk in patients with hypergastrinemia. Gut. 1997;41:330-2..

Abstract: Aims and objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of Cost Effective VAC therapy and conventional dressing in patients with diabetic foot ulcer. Materials and methods: A prospective parallel randomized controlled trial was carried out in 60 patients with diabetic ulcer admitted in the Department of General Surgery, Govt Rajaji Hospital Madurai between August 2019 and August 2020 Observation and Results: Time to healing was significantly less in the study group as compared to the control group (mean time to healing of 22.52 days vs 33.85 days respectively, p=<0.0001). The reduction in ulcer area was significantly more in the VAC therapy groups with a mean reduction of 14.29 cm2 vs 4.78cm2 compared to the control group (p=<0.0001). The median rate of granulation tissue fonnation was 2.4cm2/day and 1.7cm2/day in the study and control group respectively (p=0.0306). Visual Analog Score (VAS) was found to be significantly less in the VAC therapy group........

Keywords: Debridement, Granulation, ulcer, vacuum, visual analog score

[1]. Webster J, Scuffham P, Stankiewicz M, Chaboyer WP. Negative pressure wound therapy for skin grafts and surgical wounds healing by primary intention. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Oct 7;(10):CD009261.
[2]. Costello JP, Amling JK, Emerson DA, Peer SM, Afflu DK, Zurakowski D, et al. Negative pressure wound therapy for sternal wound infections following congenital heart surgery. J Wound Care. 2014 Jan;23(l):31-6.
[3]. Kantak NA, Mistry R, Varon DE, Halvorson EG. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy for Bums. Clin Plast Surg. 2017 Jul;44(3):671-7.
[4]. Nain PS, Uppal SK, Garg R, Bajaj K, Garg S. Role of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers. J Surg Tech Case Rep. 2011;3(1):17-22.
[5]. Liu S, He C, Cai Y, Xing Q, Guo Y, Chen Z, et al. Evaluation of negative- pressure wound therapy for patients with diabetic foot ulcers: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2017 Apr;Volume 13:533- 44

Abstract: Background and objectives: Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption and bioavailability of calcium, phosphate and multiple other biological effects. Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent in India despite abundant sunlight throughout the year. There are many studies on vitamin D deficiency in India but there is limited data from eastern Bihar. Keeping this in view, the aim of our study is to find out the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Saharsa district of eastern Bihar. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study carried out at Department of Biochemistry from March 2018 to February 2019 comprising of 314 apparently.....

Key Words: Vitamin D, Hypovitaminosis D, Deficiency, Insufficiency, prevalence

[1]. Harinarayan CV. How to treat Vitamin D deficiency in sun-drenched India - guidelines. J Clin Sci Res 2018;7:131-40
[2]. Pal CP, Kumar H, Kumar D, Mittal V, Deshwar G, Altaf D, et al. Prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in orthopaedic patients – A single centre study. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2016;7:143–6.
[3]. Holick MF. Vitamin D: A millenium perspective. J Cell Biochem. 2003;88:296–307. [PubMed: 12520530]
[4]. Harinarayan CV, Joshi SR. Vitamin D status in India – its implications and remedial measures. J Assoc Physicians India 2009;57:40-8.
[5]. Kapoor M, Charak G. Evaluation of Prevalence Pattern of Vitamin D Deficiency in Known Population- An Observational Study. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res 2018;6(3):52-54.
[6]. Dik D, Kaur M. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and associated risk factors among adults in Chandigarh. Int J Adv Med Health Res 2020;7:67-73..

Abstract: Various therapies have been utilized to treat individuals with disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), but their clinical effectiveness is unknown. Methods: Up until November 1, 2020, four databases — CENTRAL, PUBMED (MEDLINE), EMBASE, and Scopus – were electronically searched. Other manual sources included citation searches and reference lists of included research, reference lists of pertinent review papers and textbook chapters, and 7 journals with a high likelihood of including papers related to the review topic. The researchers looked at two key outcomes (TMJ pain intensity and maximum mouth opening) as well as a number of secondary outcomes.......

Key Words: Disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR), temporomandibular disease (TMD), temporomandibular joint (TMJ),

[1]. Okeson JP. Joint intracapsular disorders: diagnostic and nonsurgical management considerations. Dent Clin North Am. 2007;51(1):85–103.
[2]. Sembronio S, Albiero AM, Toro C, Robiony M, Politi M. (2008). Is there a role for arthrocentesis in recapturing the displaced disc in patients with closed lock of the temporomandibular joint? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 105:274-280.
[3]. Saitoa T, Yamadaa H, Nakaokaa K, Horiea A, Mishimab A, Nomurac Y, et al. (2010). Risk factors for the poor clinical outcome of visually guided temporomandibular joint irrigation in patients with chronic closed lock. Asian J Oral Maxillofac Surg 22:133-137.
[4]. Manfredini D, Guarda-Nardini L, Winocur E, Piccotti F, Ahlberg J, Lobbezoo F. (2011). Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review of axis I epidemiologic findings. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 112:453-462.
[5]. Poveda-Roda R, Bagan JV, Sanchis JM, Carbonell E. (2012). Temporomandibular disorders. A case-control study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 17:e794-800..

Abstract: Background: The maxillectomy defects can be rehabilitated with obturator. The obturator used to restore the An obturator is advised to restore masticatory function, deglutition and esthetics for patients with maxillary defect. For a larger defect, obturator is made hollow to reduce the weight of prosthesis. Various methods were used in literature to create hollow space. This paper describes a clinical report of fabricating closed hollow bulb obturator using a thermoplastic sheet for an acquired maxillary defect. Method: After the conventional impression making and master cast fabrication, hollow bulb and lid part of the defect were formed separately using hard thermoplastic sheet and joined by self cure acrylic resin to form one sized hollow body and........

Key Word: closed hollow bulb, hemimaxillectomy, obturator

[1]. Curtis TA. Treatment planning for intraoral maxillofacial prosthetics for cancer patients. J Prosthet Dent 1967;18:70–6 .
[2]. Lang BR, Bruce RA. Presurgical maxillectomy prosthesis. J Prosthet Dent 1967;17:613–19
[3]. Taylor TD. Clinical maxillofacial prosthetics. Quintessence Publishing, 2000:85–102
[4]. Chalian VA, Drane JB, Standish SM. Maxillofacial prosthetics. Multidisciplinary practice. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1971:133–48
[5]. Beumer J, Curtis TA, Firtell DN. Maxillofacial rehabilitation. St. Louis: Mosby, 1979:188–243

Abstract: Aims and objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of periotome (Group p) in atraumatic extractions of single rooted teeth and to compare clinically and radiographically with normal forceps extraction (Group c) in a sample of 30 patients. Patients and Methods: 30 patients -15 in each group (i.e.periotome and control group) were included in this randomised prospective comparative clinical study. Clinical parameters assessed were pain, buccal cortical plate fracture, gingival lacerations, soft tissue injury, teeth fracture, time taken for extraction, number and frequency of analgesics consumed and any post operative complications were evaluated. Radiographic parameters of crestal alveolar bone.......

Key Word: Extraction, periotome, crestal bone levels, soft tissue injury.

[1]. Sneha D. Sharma. B. Vidya. Mohan Alexander. Sunny Deshmukh. Periotome as an Aid to Atraumatic Extraction: A Comparative Double Blind Randomised Controlled Trial. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg 2015; 14(3):611-15.
[2]. Taiseer Hussain Al-Khateeb, Amir Alnahar. Pain Experience after Simple Tooth Extraction. J Oral MaxillofacSurg 2008; 66:911-17.
[3]. Marcelo Carlos Bortoluzzi, Rafael Manfro, Bruna Eliza De Dea, Taisa Cristina Dutra. Incidence of Dry Socket, Alveolar Infection, and Postoperative Pain Following the Extraction of Erupted Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2010; 11(1):1-9.
[4]. Alan A. Quayle. Atraumatic Removal of Teeth and Root Fragments in Dental Implantology. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1990; 5(3):293-6.
[5]. Stig Hansson and Anders Halldin. Alveolar ridge resorption after tooth extraction: A consequence of fundamental principle of bone physiology. J Dent Biomechanic 2012;

Abstract: Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a locally aggressive odontogenic cyst and it has a high recurrence rate, because of its diverse presentation and high recurrence rate, odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) deserves special attention in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The presence of Bcl-2, cytokeratin 10, and interleukins in the basal and suprabasal layers inhibited surface epithelial apoptosis, resulting in a high rate of recurrence. various treatment options are considered in the management, in this study we discussed a total of three cases of odontogenic keratocyst diagnose by Histopathological examination (HPE) of the biopsy specimen. The contents of the cyst were aspirated during the biopsy to allow.......

Key Word: Odontogenic keratocyst, Orthopantomogram, enucleation, Carnoy's solution.

[1]. Emerson TG, Whitlock RI, Jones JH. Involvement of soft tissue by odontogenic keratocysts (primordial cysts). Br J Oral Surg. 1972;9:181–5.
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[3]. Soluk-Tekkesin M, Wright JM. The World Health Organization classification of odontogenic lesions: a summary of the changes of the 2017. Turkish J Pathol. 2018;34:1-13.
[4]. Pogrel MA. Treatment of keratocysts: the case for decompression and marsupialization. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005;63:1667-1673.
[5]. Shear M. The aggressive nature of the odontogenic keratocyst: is it a benign cystic neoplasm? Part 3. Immunocytochemistry of cytokeratin and other epithelial cell markers. Oral Oncol. 2002; 38:407-415