iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2021

Abstract: Throughout the SARS-Cov 2 pandemic, multiple interrogations concerning the standard of care of infected patients were raised. Updating and regular sharing of knowledge at national and international level has been the cornerstone of advancing knowledge and improving the care of these patients. In this case report, we present a thrombo-embolic complication of the viral infection, that manifested itself with hemodynamic lability, in a patient with a history of ischemic cardiomyopathy treated with acetylsalicylic acid who received high-dose pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. Based on clinical and ultrasound arguments, the patients received a thrombolytic treatment. Unfortunately, he died 12 hours later. No hemorrhagic complication of the thrombolytic treatment was noted. In this article, we will also discuss the diagnostic modalities of thrombo-embolic events and their pharmacological treatment in infected patients.

Keywords: COVID-19, thromboembolic events, thromboprophylaxis, pulmonary embolism

[1]. Grillet, Franck & Behr, Julien & Calame, Paul &Aubry, Sébastien &Delabrousse, Eric. (2020). Acute Pulmonary Embolism Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia Detected with Pulmonary CT Angiography. Radiology. 296. 201544. 10.1148/radiol.2020201544.
[2]. Leonard-Lorant, Ian &Delabranche, Xavier &Severac, François & Helms, Julie &Pauzet, Coralie &Collange, Olivier & Schneider, Françis&Labani, Aissam&Bilbault, Pascal & Moliere, Sébastien &Leyendecker, Pierre & Roy, Catherine &Ohana, Mickaël. (2020). Acute Pulmonary Embolism in COVID-19 Patients on CT Angiography and Relationship to D-Dimer Levels. Radiology. 296. 201561. 10.1148/radiol.2020201561.
[3]. Middeldorp, Saskia & Coppens, Michiel&Haaps, Thijs &Foppen, Merijn&Vlaar, Alexander & Müller, Marcella &Bouman, Catherine &Beenen, Ludo &Kootte, Ruud &Heijmans, Jarom& Smits, Loek&Bonta, Peter & Es, Nick. (2020). Incidence of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 18. 10.1111/jth.14888.
[4]. Klok FA, Kruip MJHA, van der Meer NJM, et al. Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID- 19. Thrombosis Research. 2020;191:145-147. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2020.04.013
[5]. Klok FA, Kruip MJHA, van der Meer NJM, et al. Confirmation of the high cumulative incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19: An updated analysis. Thrombosis Research. 2020;191:148-150. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2020.04.041

Abstract: Background – Anaemia is one of the commonest nutritional dificiency disorders occuring in pregnant women in developing courtries. In India, prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia is one of the highest in the world among pregnant women. Objective – The objective of this study was to determine prevalance of anaemia in pregnant women and the factors associated with it Methods – This is a prospective observational study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nalanda Medical College, Patna. A total of 400 pregnant women were recruited for this study. Results – Prevalence of anaemia amongst pregnant women was 63%. Maximum number of women were of the age group 20-24 years. Prevalence was more in illeterate and women with education upto primary school level , manual workers and women on vegetarian diet. Multigravida had more prevalence of anaemia.....

Keywords- Anaemia in pregnancy, literacy, gravida

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Abstract: Introduction: Preeclampsia during pregnancy is one of the major risk factors for maternal and fetal mortality in developing countries. After implantation in the uterine cavity, the arterial system that irrigates the endometrium and myometrium undergoes a series of changes which lead to the uteroplacental circulation. Such changes in the arterial system are a result of the deciduas invasion by the trophoblast. So uterine artery Doppler has become common in evaluation and management of pregnancy associated complication like fetal growth restriction. Aim:To known the role of Doppler study in prediction of preeclampsia and its outcome on maternal and fetal risk factors.......

Keywords- Doppler, Preeclampsia, Fetal growth restriction, Pph

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Abstract: Background: Wheat is among the most important crop in the world and its consumption in Niger is increasing rapidly, but the national production in the country is very low due to lack of knowledge on cultivation techniques. Adequate Nitrogen and irrigation management practices as well as choice of good variety can significantly increase yield. Materials and Methods:A field experiment was conducted during two dry seasons (2016/2017 and 2017/2018) at Konni in central southern zone of Niger Republic. Analysis of variance and acorrelation analysis were performed between some yield characters of four wheat varieties (El-Madaoua as local check, Sokoll/3/, Norman and Reyna-28) and a regression......

Key Word: Correlation, regression, wheat, Nitrogen, yield, yield components.

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Abstract: Objective: Lung infection post thoracic surgeries are one of the most common complications that can lead to an increase in the length of hospital stay. We aimed to investigate whether perioperative bronchoalveolar lavage can decrease post operative lung infection. Methods: This is a retrospective study including 194 patients who underwent different thoracic surgeries at single site from June 2013 to March 2020. Patients were divided into two groups. The first group is the standard group included 94 patients , while the second group included 100 patients who had perioperative bronchoalveolar lavage. Data were collected from patient's files......

Keywords: Bronchoalveolar lavage, Chest infection, Thoracic surgery

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Abstract: Background:In Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, bacterial co pathogen are found. Hospital acquired infections occurs as the patients has to stays in hospital for longer duration. Blood stream infection among the Hospital acquired infection are found to be increased. Material And Methods: Out of 975 admitted patients 22% developed secondary bacterial infection in COVID positive and clinically suspected COVID patients. Isolation of gram positive cocci was more than gram negative bacilli. Majority were Staphylococcus aureus (34.5%) followed by Enterococcus species (28.3%). Among the gram negative bacilli Acinetobacter baumanii (14.8%) followed by Klebseilla pneumoniae (11%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6%) and Escherichia. coli (4%).

Keywords: COVID-19, Secondary infections, Hospital acquired infections and Antibiotic sensitivity testing.

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Abstract: Aim and objective: The study aimed to evaluate the clinical profile and management of patients with minor salivary gland carcinoma of nose and paranasal sinuses. Materials and Method: A retrospective study was conducted in the department of otorhinolaryngology over a period of 5 years from year 2016 to 2020. Ten patients of minor salivary gland carcinomas of nose and PNS were found. The distribution of patients according to age, gender, primary site, histologic subtypes and surgical management along with their clinical profile were studied. Results: Patient's age ranged from 38-60 years with a mean of 51.5 years. There was a male preponderance seen in 80% cases. Out of these, 50% cases were ACC, 30% Adenocarcinoma(AC) and 20% MEC. Conclusion: Minor salivary gland malignancies of nose and PNS is an uncommon group. An elderly or middle aged male with unilateral obstruction should be seen with suspicion of malignancy and should be worked up to rule it out.

Key Word: Adenoidcystic carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, Adenocarcinoma, Minor salivary gland.

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Abstract: This Descriptive study was obtained to study the diabetic effect on placenta in second and third trimester using ultrasongraghy. This study was done in Omdurman maternal hospital – Khartoum Sudan ,during the period extended from march 2020 to December 2020 .100 pregnant diabetic women were included ,another 100 normal pregnant were closed as control group .All were extended using ultrasound protocol .the scan was done using mindray ultrasound machine .The placenta has been evaluated as thickener ,site , and grade .The study showed significant differences between placenta grading in diabetic group and control group at p–value 0,000 , as well as placenta site at p-value 0,037,and placenta thickness at p-value 0,000.

Key word: diabetes , ultrasound , placenta

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Abstract: Introduction: Mortality of secondary peritonitis was as high as 90% in the early 20th century and is still 30- 50% despite advances in antibiotics, surgical technique, radiographic imaging, and resuscitation therapy. Material and methods: After obtaining approval from Institutional ethical committee, the present study was undertaken at a tertiary care hospital. This was an observational clinical study.Adult patients above the age of 12 years who were diagnosed intra-operatively to have a small bowel perforation were enrolled in the study. Results : At admission, maximum comorbidity was found to be Hypertension in 37 patients (38.5%) followed by Diabetes Mellitus in 26 (27.1%) patients........

Key Words: Small bowel perforations,Hypertension, Outcome

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Abstract: Hypertensive disorders complicate 5% to 10% of all pregnancies and are associated with significant maternal morbidity and mortality1,2. The latest analysis by the World Health Organization suggests that, in developed countries, 16% of maternal deaths in pregnancy were a result of hypertensive disorders2. In women presenting with hypertension in the latter half of pregnancy, detailed laboratory evaluations are essential to determine whether a patient has a diagnosis of preeclampsia.Measurement of protein excretion in a 24-hour urine collection has been the longstanding gold standard for the quantitative evaluation of proteinuria in pregnancy. 24- hour urine collection is time consuming, inconvenient, and not always reliable because of the difficulty in collecting the sample correctly......

Keywords:- Preeclampsia, Spot urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, Proteinuria

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Abstract: Foramen magnum is a fundamental largest aperture of skull consisting of bony, ligamentous and soft tissue structures forming cranio-vertebral junction. Measurement of size and observation of shape has a critical importance clinically as it is helpful in surgical resection of skull and nearby structures like lower part of medulla oblongata, meninges, vertebral arteries, spinal nerves through transcondylar approach. AIM:The aim of the study was to find out shape and size and their variationsin dry human skull.......

Key Words: Foramen magnum, Morphometry, Foramen magnum index, Skull, Surgery.

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Abstract: Background: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare but life-threatening soft tissue infection that requires immediate surgical intervention. The condition is fast progressing and, if not treated swiftly, can result in substantial morbidity or even death. This study was aimed to investigate the different predisposing variables that are frequently present and to examine the various anatomical locations. Methods:The institutional scientific review protocol committee and the institutional ethical review protocol committee both approved the protocol. Additionally, the patient's written informed consent was acquired. From June 2018 to May 2019, all patients admitted to the department of general surgery at Dr.Rajendra Prasad Govt. Medical College & Hospital......

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