iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2021

Abstract: Background: Schistosomiasis impact of urinary tract which leads to apparition of physiological changes, this changes leads to other several diseases affect visceral organs. Materials and Methods: This is descriptive, cross section study aimed to assess urinary schistosomiasis using ultrasonography; in 60 students in age ranged 7-18 years with positive schistsomahaematobium came for abdominal ultrasound. During the period from February 2019 to September 2020. The data was collected by data collection sheet special design for this study and then analyzed by statistical package for social science and correlation person's coefficient (SPSS) version 21.0. Results: The study show that more than halve of students affected by schistosomiasis are in age group 11-14 years (51.7%) , followed by 7-11years (38.3%),Male students are affected by schistosomiasis more than female (85%) , This study was detected urinary system...

Key Word: Ultrasound; Schistosomiasis; Children; Urinary Tract; Sudan.

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[5]. Elmadani.AE, Hamdoun AO, Monis A, Karamino NE, Gasmelseed N. Ultrasound findings in urinary schistosomaisis infection in school children In the Gezira state centeralsudan.SaudiJKidney DisTranspl 2013; 24:162-7 DOI: http://www.sjkdt.org/ text.asp?2013/24/1/162/106362.

Abstract: Background/Aims: Dilutional hyponatremia associated with liver cirrhosis is caused by impaired free water clearance. Several studies have shown that serum sodium levels correlate with survival in cirrhotic patients. Little is known regarding the relationship between the degree of dilutional hyponatremia and development of cirrhotic complications. The aim of this study was to study the prevalence of hyponatremia in cirrhosis and evaluate the association between the serum sodium level and the severity of complications in liver cirrhosis and its prognostic significance. Methods: It was conducted in the Department of General Medicine, PDU Medical College, Churu, Rajasthan, from Jan-2019 to Dec-2019. Data of patients with cirrhosis were collected prospectively. The prevalence and serum sodium levels and severity of........

Keywords: Hyponatremia , liver cirrhosis, hepatic encephalopathy

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Abstract: Background: Covid-19 has proven to be a deadlier infection. Recent Covid virus has elicited consequential impact on pregnant women and their fetus. Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, S.P. Medical college and associated group of hospital, Bikaner, Rajasthan. This was a hospital based prospective comparative study. The study group comprise of pregnant females attending Obstetrics and Gynaecology O.P.D. A total of 108 women were examined. Result: We retrieved 108 patients out of which 12 expired 0.8%, 48%, 52% were infected in 1st trimester and 2nd trimester and 3rd trimester respectively......

Key word: Covid-19, Pregnancy.

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Abstract: Diagnosis of intestinal malroation is often overlooked in geriatric patients presenting with abdominal pain and weight loss. We present a rare case of malrotation of gut in a 60 year old adult who diagnosed with imaging modalities and successfully managed with Ladd's procedure

Key words: intestinal malrotation, Ladd's band, Ladds's procedure

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Abstract: Background Intussusception is the most common bowel obstruction in young children usually occurring between 4 to 10 months of age some of these may be transient and resolve spontaneously. If the intussusception is not relieved early, it may lead to bowel ischaemia and perforation ,, or peritonitis and may be fatal. Intussusception results from the alteration of normal peristalsis by a lesion on the bowel wall that creates invagination. It may occurs anywhere in the small and large intestine......

Keywords: Ileo colic, ischaemia , peritonitis ,perforation, invagination

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Abstract: Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in both men and women. Cytology is a major, diagnostic modality used in the initial evaluation of patients with lung cancer because 70% of lung cancers are unresectable at the time of diagnosis. Material methods : Purpose of the study was to evaluate diagnostic efficacy of image guided fine needle aspirations in cytological diagnosis of suspected lung cancer using cytosmears (CS) and cell block (CB) preparation, to evaluate their reliability in cytological diagnosis of lung cancer and to review the role of CB for additional diagnostic yield in cytodiagnosis......

Keywords: Cell Block, Cytosmears, Cytology, Lung Cancer, Image guided FNAC

[1]. Whithaus K, Fukuoka J, Prihoda TJ, Jagirdar J. Evaluation of napsin A, cytokeratin 5/6, p63, and thyroid transcription factor 1 in adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2012;136:155–62.
[2]. Crapanzano JP., Saqi A. Adequacy and Tissue Preservation of Small Biopsy and Cytology Specimens. In: Andre L. Moreira, Anjali Saqi (eds.) Diagnosing Non-small Cell Carcinoma in Small Biopsy and Cytology. New York. Springer 2015;39-59.
[3]. Gupta N, Sekar A, Rajwanshi A. Role of FNAC, fluid specimens, and cell blocks for cytological diagnosis of lung cancer in the present era. J Cytol 2015;32:217-22.
[4]. Kshatriya AS, Santwani PM. Comparison of FNAC smears, cytospin smears, and cellblocks of transthoracic guided FNAC of suspected lung tumor: A study of 100 cases. J Cytol 2016; 33:141-4.
[5]. Basnet S, Talwar OP. Role of cell block preparation in neoplastic lesions. Journal of Pathology of Nepal 2012; 2: 272-6.

Abstract: Background: Anemia in children with Lower tract respiratory infection (LRTI) is a common phenomenon that have crucial role on outcome and quality of life. Proving the observation in our country context, the present study was designed to evaluate the role of anemia as a risk factor among children <5 years along with LRTI. Methods: The case-control study was conducted among 59 children aged <6 years and were admitted in Dhaka Sishu Hospital for the period of June 2019 to November 2019. They study population was divided into two groups where case was defined as- children with LRTI and controls were apparently healthy children. Age and sex matched were done. The study protocol conformed to the ethical guideline of the current Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by local ethics.....

Keywords: Anemia, Bronchiolitis, Lower tract respiratory infection, Risk factors

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Abstract: Background- Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) disease is a common entity encountered in routine otolaryngologic practice. It has a variable presentation posing a difficulty in diagnosis and treatment. Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are considered as both a diagnostic and therapeutic approach for LPR. Methodology- In the present, randomized open label study, 54 patients with LPR were evaluated to determine efficacy and safety of Rabeprazole monotherapy vs Rabeprazole and Domperidone combination therapy. The patients were divided into 2 groups of 27 each. Group A received Rabeprazole 20mg + Domperidone 30mg and group B received Rabeprazole 20mg once daily for 4 weeks. The patients were assessed by flexible laryngoscopy before and after 4 weeks. Reflux symptom index (RSI) and Reflux finding score (RFS) were used to assess the outcomes......

Keywords: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI), Rabeprazole, Domperidone, Reflux Symptom Index (RSI), Reflux Finding Score (RFS)

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[5]. Dore MP, Pedroni A, Pes GM, Maragkoudakis E, Tadeu V, Pirina P, Realdi G, Delitala G, Malaty HM. Effect of antisecretory therapy on atypical symptoms in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Digestive diseases and sciences. 2007 Feb 1;52(2):463-8.

Abstract: Background: Poor eating habits which include meal skipping, frequent snacking and fast food consumption along with substance abuse and physical inactivity have been rampant among young adults experiencing the transition into college life.Medical training is perhaps the toughest undergraduate program draining a student physically, mentally and emotionally. As future physicians, ignoring a healthy lifestyle are more likely to fail to establish health-promoting opportunities for their patientsObjectives : To find out the eating habits among the medical students studying in a medical college and to determine the psycho-social factors associated with the eating habits among these medical students.Materials and Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 156 medical students......

Keywords: Eating habits, psycho-social factors, medical students

[1]. Koopman JJ, van Bodegom D, Ziem JB, Westendorp RG. An emerging epidemic of noncommunicable diseases in developing populations due to a triple evolutionary mismatch. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 2016 Jun 1;94(6):1189-92.
[2]. Nelson MC, Story M, Larson NI, Neumark-Sztainer D, Lytle LA. Emerging adulthood and college-aged youth: an overlooked age for weight-related behavior change. Obesity. 2008 Oct 1;16(10):2205.
[3]. Ganasegeran K, Al-Dubai SA, Qureshi AM, Al-Abed AA, Rizal AM, Aljunid SM. Social and psychological factors affecting eating habits among university students in a Malaysian medical school: a cross-sectional study. Nutrition journal. 2012 Dec;11(1):1-7.
[4]. Sajwani RA, Shoukat S, Raza R, Shiekh MM, Rashid Q, Siddique MS, Panju S, Raza H, Chaudhry S, Kadir MM. Knowledge and practice of healthy lifestyle and dietary habits in medical and non-medical students of Karachi, Pakistan. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. 2009;59(9):650.
[5]. Grossniklaus DA, Dunbar SB, Tohill BC, Gary R, Higgins MK, Frediani J. Psychological factors are important correlates of dietary pattern in overweight adults. The Journal of cardiovascular nursing. 2010 Nov;25(6):450.

Abstract: Introduction. A variety of nucleic acid methods are currently utilized for detection/identification of organisms and their virulence factors/resistance determinants. Since the advent of the PCR, numerous applications in infectious diseases diagnostics have been developed. Real-time PCR allowed this transition of the scientific technology from basic research and reference into the mainstream clinical laboratories having the efficiency of detecting group B Streptococcus (GBS) and influenza virus within no time. Methods. Nucleic acid testing can be separated into amplified and non-amplified methods. Among the No amplified most common methods used are DNA-labeled or RNA-labeled probes that has target binding sites in the nucleic acid sequence and then......

Keywords: Hybridization, Molecular diagnostics, Molecular Typing, real-time PCR, sequencing

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[3]. Cheung, P. Y., Chan, C. W., Wong, W., Cheung, T. L., and Kam, K. M. (2004) Evaluation of two real-time polymerase chain reaction pathogen detection kits for Salmonella spp. in food. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 39, 509–515.
[4]. Templeton, K. E., Scheltinga, S. A., van der Zee, A., et al. (2003) Evaluation of real-time PCR for detection of and discrimination between Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, and Bordetella holmesii for clinical diagnosis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41, 4121–4126.
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Abstract: The right to the highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental human right. An ambulance is a specially equipped motor vehicle, airplane, etc. for carrying sick or injured people usually to a hospital. Skilled personnel, appropriate supplies, equipment, coordination, and management that are oriented towards the needs of the critically ill, contribute to making emergency care effective in reducing death. Kenya has in the past experienced cases of mass casualties. This necessitates the presence of efficient ambulance services in the country. Broad objective was to investigate management of ambulance services and specific objectives included determining the number of ambulances and their state of operation, capacity of drivers and their skills on ambulance services, and level of emergency preparedness of the ambulance staff at Eldama Ravine Sub-County Referral Hospital. A Cross sectional descriptive study design was employed. Convenience sampling technique was used to pick the key informants.....

Keywords: Ambulance services

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