iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2023

Abstract:AIM: To determine the efficacy of intrathecal 1% Chloroprocaine 40mg compared to intrathecal 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine 12.5mg in short duration infraumbilical surgeries. Study Design:Prospective Randomized comparative study.After obtaining Institutional scientific and ethical clearance and written informed consent, 70 patients posted for elective infraumbilical surgeries at Apollo Main hospital chennai were allocated into two groups by computer generated Block randomization. Group C received 4ml of 1% 2-Chloroprocaine and Group B received 2.5ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine heavy. Materials and Methods: Under standard anaesthetic protocols,intrathecal Chloroprocaine or Bupivacaine administered and following parameters compare the time meeting discharge criteria from Post anaesthesia care unit , the Complete regression....

Key Word: Chloroprocaine, bupivacaine, fast track ambulatory surgery, infraumbilical surgeries

[1]. Europe W, Policies E, Castoro C, Bertinato L, Baccaglini U, Drace C et al. Day surgery: making it happen [Internet]. Apps.who.int. 2022 [cited 22 June 2022]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/107831. [2]. White PF. Ambulatory anesthesia advances into the new millennium. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 2000 May 1;90(5):1234-5. [3]. Shetty A, Raveendra US. Anesthesia for day care surgery. Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU. 2015 Jun;5(02):097-103. [4]. Camponovo C, Fanelli A, Ghisi D, Cristina D, Fanelli G. A prospective, double-blinded, randomized, clinical trial comparing the efficacy of 40 mg and 60 mg hyperbaric 2% prilocaine versus 60 mg plain 2% prilocaine for intrathecal anesthesia in ambulatory surgery. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 2010 Aug 1;111(2):568-72. [5]. Kouri ME, Kopacz DJ. Spinal 2-chloroprocaine: a comparison with lidocaine in volunteers. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 2004 Jan 1;98(1):75-80..

Abstract: Introduction: Technical advances in automated cell separators have substantially improved the productivity and quality of the collection of apheresis platelets. Various studies on automated plateletpheresis have been conducted to investigate the quality of platelet concentrates and their relation to the biological contribution (platelet count and/or total mass) of the donor. Apheresis separates the blood into these components while the donor is still connected to the separation device. A rotating centrifuge or a rotating belt separates the donor's whole blood into its components based on density......

Key Word: Plateletpheresis, Apheresis, Platelet, Blood, Donation

[1]. Vikas Tiwari, Ayush Negi. "Pre-and-post-donation haematological values in healthy donors undergoing plateletpheresis with fresenius.com.tec." International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology 3.8 (2018).
[2]. www.yalemedicine.org
[3]. www.medicinenet.com/hemapheresis/article.
[4]. Beyan C, Cetin T, Kaptan K, Nevruz O. Effect of plateletpheresis on complete blood count values using three different cell separator systems in healthy donors. Transfus Apher Sci, 2003
[5]. Benjamin RJ, Rojas R, Christmas S, et al. Plateletpheresis efficiency: a comparison of the Spectra LRS and AMICUS separators. Transfusion, 1999

Abstract: Background: The need for fast, precise diagnostic tests to identify active tuberculosis is essential, mainly in endemic nations such as India. The TrueNat MTB Plus assay is a rapid molecular test that has been recommended by the World Health Organization since 2020 as an initial test to detect tuberculosis (TB). The WHO highlighted the need to further evaluate assay performance to inform future recommendations, including in people living with HIV. TrueNat MTB/RIF (rifampicin) is a novel method, which is battery operated, point-of-care and chip-based Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) micro device. The purpose of this study is to evaluate TrueNat as a screening test.....

Key Word: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, diagnostics, smear microscopy, molecular methods

[1]. World Health Organization. 2020. Global tuberculosis report 2021. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. https://www.who.int/publications/ i/item/9789240037021. Accessed 31 January 2022.
[2]. World Health Organization. 2019. Global tuberculosis report 2020. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. https://www.who.int/publications/ i/item/9789240013131. Accessed 31 January 2022
[3]. Reid MJA, Arinaminpathy N, Bloom A, Bloom BR, Boehme C, Chaisson R, Chin DP, Churchyard G, Cox H, Ditiu L, Dybul M, Farrar J, Fauci AS, Fekadu E, Fujiwara PI, Hallett TB, Hanson CL, Harrington M, Herbert N, Hopewell PC, Ikeda C, Jamison DT, Khan AJ, Koek I, Krishnan N, Motsoaledi A, Pai M, Raviglione MC, Sharman A, Small PM, Swaminathan S, Temesgen Z, VassallA, Venkatesan N, van Weezenbeek K, Yamey G, Agins BD, Alexandru S, Andrews JR, Beyeler N, Bivol S, Brigden G, Cattamanchi A, Cazabon D, Crudu V, Daftary A, Dewan P, Doepel LK, Eisinger RW, Fan V, et al. 2019. Building a tuberculosis-free world: the Lancet commission on tuberculosis. Lancet 393: 1331–1384. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30024-8.
[4]. MacLean E, Broger T, Yerlikaya S, Fernandez-Carballo BL, Pai M, Denkinger CM. 2019. A systematic review of biomarkers to detect active tuberculosis. Nat Microbiol 4:748–758. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-019-0380-2.
[5]. Nathavitharana RR, Garcia-Basteiro AL, Ruhwald M, Cobelens F, Theron G. 2022. Reimagining the status quo: how close are we to rapid sputum-free tuberculosis diagnostics for all? EBioMedicine 78:103939. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103939.

Abstract: Aim: To assess the macular thickness changes after cataract surgery in diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Materials and methods: In this Prospective study each diabetic patient Optical coherence tomography testing was performed within 1 week before surgery and at 4th and 12th week postoperative visits. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded at each visit. Macular edema was defined as an increase of foveal thickness on OCT > 30% from preoperative baseline. Results: The incidence of ME on....

Key Word: macular edema, OCT

[1]. S.C. Chow and J.P. Liu, Design and Analysis of Clinical Trials: Concepts and Methodologies, Wiley, New York (1998), pp. 277–280286–90.
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[3]. OCT IIIC.A. Dublin, Zeiss-Humphrey Systems(2004).
[4]. Antonio Polito, MD; Michele Del Borrello, MD; Miriam Isola, MHS; Nicola Zemella, MD; Francesco Bandello, MD Repeatability and Reproducibility of Fast Macular Thickness Mapping With Stratus Optical Coherence Tomography Arch Ophthalmol. 2005;123:1330-1337.
[5]. Pollack A, Leiba H, Bukelman A, Oliver M. Cystoid macular edema following cataract extraction in patients with diabetes. Br J Ophthalmol 1992; 76:221–4..

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Abstract: Introduction: Calcium is one of the crucial ions that has an immense role in maintainingbiological homeostasis. It's known that critical illness may trigger an acute phase response which may be associated with severe metabolic derangements including hypocalcemia. Various studies have shown that hypocalcemia is a common electrolyte imbalance in ICU patients and is associated withadverseprognosticoutcomes. APACHE- II score is commonly used to assess severity of critically ill patients but is cumbersome and involves multiple parameters of which calcium is not considered.....

Key Word: Hypocalcemia, APACHE II, Sepsis

[1]. Zaloga GP. Hypocalcemia in critically ill patients.Crit Care Med 1992;20:251-62.
[2]. Jay Wook Lee: Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances in Critically Ill Patients Electrolyte Blood Press. 2010 Dec; 8(2): 72–81.
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[6]. Zaloga GP, Chernow B, Cook D, Snyder R, Clapper M, O'Brian JT. Assessment of calcium homeostasis in the critically ill surgical patient. The diagnostic pitfalls of the McLean-Hastings nomogram. Ann Surg.; 202(5):587-94. doi: 10.1097/00000658-198511000-00009. [PubMed: 4051606]..

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Many individuals around the world are at increased risk of severe clinical outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection due to underlying health conditions. Both diabetes and obesity are major risk factors for many non-communicable diseases. According to WHO information, COVID-19 Vaccines are safe, and getting vaccinated will help us to protect against developing severe COVID-19 disease and dying from COVID-19. So people may experience some mild side effects after getting vaccinated, which are signs that your body is building protection.(1) The aim of this study was to observe the acute side effects of vaccinated first line workers with diabetes and obesity in a tertiary care hospital.....

Key Word: COVID vaccine, obesity, diabetes

[1]. World Health Organization (WHO), Newsroom, side effects of COVID-19 vaccines https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/side-effects-of-covid-19-vaccines
[2]. World Health Organization (WHO), Health Topics Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1
[3]. International Diabetes Federation (IDF), What is diabetes. https://www.idf.org/aboutdiabetes/what-is-diabetes.html?
[4]. World Health Organization (WHO), Health Topics Obesity. https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity#tab=tab_1
[5]. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes atlas 2021 – https://diabetesatlas.org/idfawp/resource-files/2021/07/IDF_Atlas_10th_Edition_2021

Abstract: Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which is defined as diabetes diagnosed in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, has emerged as a global public health concern. It has been associated with short-term and long-term adverse health outcomes for both mothers and their newborns. Women with GDM are known to have decreased quality of life and increased risks of cesarean section, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology in Uttara Adhunik Medical College & Hospital.....

Key Word: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Hypertension, Trimesters

[1]. Nguyen CL, Pham NM, Binns CW, Duong DV, Lee AH. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in eastern and southeastern Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of diabetes research. 2018 Feb 20;2018.
[2]. Kunasegaran T, Balasubramaniam VR, Arasoo VJ, Palanisamy UD, Ramadas A. Gestational diabetes mellitus in Southeast Asia: A scoping review. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021 Feb;18(3):1272.
[3]. Tantengco OA, Aquino IM, Asis JL, Tan JJ, Uy MN, Pacheco EP. Research trends in gestational diabetes mellitus in Southeast Asia: A bibliometric analysis (1975–2020). Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2021 Jul 1;15(4):102202.
[4]. Jesmin S, Akter S, Akashi H, Al-Mamun A, Rahman MA, Islam MM, Sohael F, Okazaki O, Moroi M, Kawano S, Mizutani T. Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus and its prevalence in Bangladesh. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2014 Jan 1;103(1):57-62.
[5]. Mahtab H, Bhowmik B. Gestational diabetes mellitus–global and Bangladesh perspectives. Austin J Endocrinol Diabetes. 2016;3(2):1041.

Abstract: Background: Foot ulcer is considered a very common but serious complication of DM. People with diabetes and people with peripheral vascular disease are more likely to develop foot ulcers. Fifteen percent of diabetic patients develop a foot ulcer sometime in their life. If an infection occurs in an ulcer and is not treated properly, it can develop into cellulitis, osteomyelitis, or gangrene that may require some part of the toe, foot or lower leg to be amputated. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the management and outcomes of foot ulcer patients with and without diabetes. Methods: This was a prospective observational study that was conducted in the Department of Surgery, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, during the period from March 2012 to August 2012. In total 100 patients with.....

Key Word: Socio-demographic, Clinical status, Diabetes, Foot ulcer

[1]. CDC press release, june24,2008. Number of people with Diabetes increase to 24 million.www.cdc.govimedia/pressre1/2008.
[2]. Ennis WJ Formann P.Mojen N. (2005) Ultrasound therapy for Recalcitrant Diabetic foot ulcer:Results of a Randomized,Double blind,controlled multicenter study. Ostomy wound management 51(8): 24-39.
[3]. David G Armstrong, Lawerence A Lavery. (1998) Diabetic foot ulcer: Prevention, Diagnosis and Classification. Am Fam Physician 57(6): 1325¬1332.
[4]. Jamil Ahmed Somroo, Anzim Hashmi, Zafar lqbal, Aslam Ghori. (2011) Diabetic foot care- A public health problem. J Medicine 12: 109-114.
[5]. Nazia Elham, Meerjady Sabrina Flora. (2012) Pattern of lipid profile among type 2 diabetic patients. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 6(1): 12-17.
[6]. Dere UK Hunt (2009) Foot ulcer and amputation in diabetes. Clinical evidence 8: 743-52..

Abstract: L'améloblastome est une tumeur odontogène bénigne avec une incidence relativement élevée. Il se caractérise par une croissance lente mais persistante, une infiltration locale dans les tissus adjacents et des récidives, cependant, les métastases sont rares. Il y a peu de rapports de cas d'améloblastome récurrent après plus de 30 ans. Nous rapportons un cas d'améloblastome récurrent après 40 ans, et nous discutons les caractéristiques cliniques et le traitement sur la base d'une revue de la littérature. La récurrence tardive de l'améloblastome au sein des parties molles environnantes n'est pas fréquente, dans notre cas, la récidive était inhabituelle du fait que la lésion était située uniquement dans les tissus mous sans aucun lien apparent avec l'os mandibulaire ou le greffon iliaque. L'améloblastome doit faire l'objet d'un suivi à long terme, tout en tenant compte de son potentiel de récidive aussi bien au niveau de l'os que des parties molles.

Key Word: améloblastome, récidive, parties molles, os, chirurgie, radiothérapie

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Abstract: Background: The normal airway is one of the important factors for the normal growth of the craniofacial structures. Significant relationships between the pharyngeal structures and both dentofacial and craniofacial structures have been reported. The evaluation of the upper and lower airway space should be an integral part of diagnosis and treatment planning to achieve the functional balance and the stability of the result after orthodontic or orthognathic treatment. The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare upper and lower pharyngeal airway space in skeletal Class II malocclusions with different growth patterns......

Key Word: Pharyngeal airway, growth patterns, cephalometry, McNamara airway analysis

[1]. Chokotiya H, Banthia A, K SR, Choudhary K, Sharma P, Awasthi N. A Study on the Evaluation of Pharyngeal Size in Different Skeletal Patterns: A Radiographic Study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2018;19(10):1278-1283.
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[3]. Yousif AA. Evaluation of upper and lower pharyngeal airway in hypo and hyper divergent class I, II and III malocclusions in a group of Egyptian patients. Tanta Dental Journal 2015;12(4): 265-276. [4]. de Freitas MR, Alcazar NM, Janson G, de Freitas KM, Henriques JF. Upper and lower pharyngeal airways in subjects with Class I and Class II malocclusions and different growth patterns. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2006;130(6):742-45.
[5]. Jain S, Raghav P, Misra V, Reddy CM, Singh S, Aggarwal S. Assessment of Upper and Lower Pharyngeal Airway Width in Skeletal Class I, II and III Malocclusions. J Ind Orthod Soc 2014;48(4):446-53.

Abstract: Background: Routine Papanicolaou (PAP) staining is a commonly employed cytological procedure, but procurement of stain's prime constituent ethanol is costly and method is time consuming too. On other hand rapid economic acetic acid papanicolaou (REAP) technique yields excellent nuclear and cytoplasmic staining, is cheaper and quicker procedure compared to routine PAP. Aims: Our aim was to assess the superiority of REAP over routine PAP and assessing its applicability. Methods and Material: The prospective cross sectional study was carried out on 70 patients in gynecology opd during period of 1year. Two smears from each patient were collected and stained by routine PAP and REAP stain separately......

Key Word: Acetic acid, Cervical cancer, Ethyl alcohol, PAP stain

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[5]. Gupta S, Chachra KL, Bhadola P, Sodhani P . Modified Papanicolaou staining protocol with minimum alcohol use: A cost-cutting measure for resource limited settings.Cytopathology, 21 (4), 229-233.

Abstract: Research Question: To Screen out hidden cases and prediabetic for prevention of complication Objectives: To study the prevalence of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in rural area among young adults (30-45 years age) in relation to their socio-demographic profile. Study design:A cross- sectional study Study Settings: Chargawan block in Gorakhpur District of Uttar Pradesh. Study subject: People in the age group of 30 -45 years residing in rural areas of Chargawan block: Study Period: 1st Aug 2021-31st July 2022 Study variable: Age,Gender,Caste,Education,Occupation,Socioeconomic Status,Type of family,Family history of Diabetes Mellitus......

Key Word: Homebase newborn care, Tetanus toxoid ,Iron folicacid

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Abstract: Aim The study is aimed at determining the changes in ocular parameters during the menstrual cycle in health science students. Method A Cohort Study were participants were healthy young females with regular menstrual cycle between the age group 17-30years (n=44) with no ocular and systemic issues were included in this study. The parameters were Symptoms including dryness, headache, fatigue and mood swing on the basis of questionnaire, Visual acuity, Refractive error, Intra ocular pressure (all participants tested at same time), Dry eye, Corneal curvature and Axial length. The subjects were asked to keep records of their menstrual cycle before the study. Measurement was taken during the menstrual cycle......

Key Word: Symptoms, Visual acuity, Refractive error, IOP, TBUT, Corneal curvature, Axial length

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