iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2023

Abstract: Pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) are seen in up to 50% of cases of acute pancreatitis. The Revised Atlanta classification categorized these collections on the basis of duration of disease and contents, whether liquid alone or a mixture of fluid and necrotic debris. Management of these different types of collections differs because of the variable quantity of debris; while patients with pseudocysts can be drained by straight-forward stent placement, walled.......

Keywords: Endoscopic ultrasound, Pancreatic fluid collections, Acute necrotic collections, Acute peripancreatic fluid collections, Pseudocysts, Walled-off necrosis

[1]. 1)Guidelines I. Management of Acute Pancreatitis: Indian Guidelines and Protocols. 2002;2–5.
[2]. Frossard J-L, Steer ML, Pastor CM. Acute pancreatitis.Lancet. 2008 Jan 12;371(9607):143–52.
[3]. Otsuki M, Takeda K, Matsuno S, Kihara Y, Koizumi M, Hirota M, et al. Criteria for the diagnosis and severity stratification of acute pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2013 Sep 21;19(35):5798–805.
[4]. Balthazar EJ, Ranson JH, Naidich DP, Megibow AJ, Caccavale R, Cooper MM. Acute pancreatitis: prognostic value of CT. Radiology. 1985 Sep;156(3):767–72.
[5]. Zhao K, Adam SZ, Keswani RN, Horowitz JM, Miller FH. Acute Pancreatitis: Revised Atlanta Classification and the Role of CrossSectional Imaging. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2015 Jun 23;205(1):W32–41..

Abstract: Cecal volvulus is a torsion of the cecum around it's own mesentery and can occur in the small percentage (11–25%) of the population, predisposed by developmental failure of peritoneal fixation, allowing the proximal colon to be free and mobile. Second requirement is restriction of the bowel at a fixed point within the abdomen that serves as a fulcrum for rotation, such as an adhesion, abdominal mass, or scarring. Cecal volvulus presents with clinical features of proximal large bowel obstruction. This is usually with colicky abdominal pain, vomiting, and abdominal distension. Signs identified in cecal volvulus include bird beak sign , whirl sign, x-marks-the-spot-sign and split wall sign. In the present study,80 MDCT Abdomen......

Keywords: MDCT, Volvulus, Torsion.

[1]. van der Veen T, Koopmans NK, Vrooland M. Een vrouw met intermitterendebuikpijnklachten [An 80-year-old woman with intermittent abdominal pain]. Ned TijdschrGeneeskd. 2022 Nov 30;166:D6895. Dutch. PMID: 36633044.
[2]. Peterson Christine, Anderson John, et al. Volvulus of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Appearances at Multimodality Imaging. Radiographics2009;29:1281 – 1293.
[3]. Hasbahceci M, Basak F, Alimoglu O. Cecal volvulus. Indian J Surg. 2012 Dec;74(6):476-9. doi: 10.1007/s12262-012-0432-9. Epub 2012 Mar 14. PMID: 24293902; PMCID: PMC3537995.
[4]. Huang YM, Wu CCJ. Whirl sign in small bowel volvulus. BMJ Case Reports 2012;10.1136/bcr-2012-006688..

Abstract: The knee is the largest joint in our body, making it most susceptible to injury—affecting millions of people each year. Two of the most common knee injuries are to the meniscus, or cartilage, or to the anterior cruciate ligament, or ACL. The meniscus functions as a shock absorber and helps distribute weight between the upper and lower legs. Meanwhile, the ACL is a band of tissue that runs through the middle of your knee and provides structural support for the knee during twisting and intense activities.The symptoms of an ACL tear will include a feeling that the knee has given away or shifted while the foot is planted and the knee is twisted......

Keywords: MRI, ACL, MENISCUS.

[1]. Fox MG. MR imaging of the meniscus: review, current trends, and clinical implications. MagnReson Imaging Clin N Am. 2007 Feb;15(1):103-23. doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2007.02.004. PMID: 17499184.
[2]. Nguyen JC, De Smet AA, Graf BK, Rosas HG. MR imaging-based diagnosis and classification of meniscal tears. Radiographics. 2014 Jul-Aug;34(4):981-99. doi: 10.1148/rg.344125202. PMID: 25019436
[3]. Ciuffreda P, Lelario M, Milillo P, Vinci R, Coppolino F, Stoppino LP, Genovese EA, Macarini L. Mechanism of traumatic knee injuries and MRI findings. Musculoskelet Surg. 2013 Aug;97 Suppl 2:S127-35. doi: 10.1007/s12306-013-0279-7. Epub 2013 Aug 15. PMID: 23949934.
[4]. Granan LP, Bahr R, Lie SA, Engebretsen L. Timing of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructive surgery and risk of cartilage lesions and meniscal tears: a cohort study based on the Norwegian National Knee Ligament Registry. Am J Sports Med. 2009 May;37(5):955-61. doi: 10.1177/0363546508330136. Epub 2009 Feb 26. PMID: 19251674.

Abstract: Background: The posterior approach is the most commonly used approach for mid-shaft and distal humeral fractures. However, fixation via the posterior approach is associated with iatrogenic radial nerve palsy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of shaft humerus fracture plating with anterolateral approach. Material and Methods: The present prospective study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics, ASRAM ELURU and included 100 cases aged between 35-70 years, who were operated for shaft humerus fractures over last 3........

Keywords: osteoarthritis of knee ,platelet rich plasma.

[1]. Sandeep Patel, Mandeep S. Dhillon, Sameer Aggarwal, NeelamMarwaha, and Ashish Jain.Treatment With Platelet-Rich Plasma Is More Effective Than Placebo for Knee Osteoarthritis - A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Trial.The Am J Sports Med 2013; 41: 356-64[2]. Anna Litwic, Mark H Edwards, Elaine M Dennison, and Cyrus Cooper. Epidemiology and burden of Osteoarthritis, British medical bulletin 2015:1-15
[3]. Steven Sampson, Marty Reed, Holly Silvers, Michael Meng, Bert Mandelbaum. Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Patients with Primary and Secondary Knee Osteoarthritis- A Pilot Study, American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 2010: 1961-69
[4]. Pietrzak WS, Eppley BL: Platelet rich plasma: Biology and new technology. J CraniofacSurg 2005; 16: 1043–54.
[5]. Eppley BL, Woodell JE, Higgins J: Platelet quantification and growth factor analysis from platelet-rich plasma: Implications for wound healing. PlastReconstrSurg 2004; 114:1502–7.

Abstract: The Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD) is considered to be major cause of pain and disability in the adult working population. It is an age associated condition that is caused due to the degeneration of intervertebral discs and narrowing of intervertebral disc spaces. To evaluate DDD different imaging modalities are used, but MRI is the preferred examination since it provides excellent soft tissue contrast, it does not involve ionizing radiation and it is not invasive.

Keywords: Degenerative disc disease, foraminal stenosis, disc protrusion, narrowing of the disc

[1]. Wang S, Xia Q, Passias P, Li W, Wood K, Li G. How does lumbar degenerative disc disease affect the disc deformation at the cephalic levels in vivo? Spine. 2011; 36(9): p. E574–E581.
[2]. 61. Li WW, Wang SQ, Xia Q. Lumbar facet joint motion in patients with degenerative disc disease at affected and adjacent levels: an in vivo biomechanical study. Spine. 2011; 36(10): p. E629–E637.
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Abstract: Ante partum fetal surveillance is the corner stone of preventive obstetric management aimed at reducing maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Ante partum detection of fetus at risk of death or compromise in utero remains the major challenge in modern obstetrics. Specific and accurate methods for detection of fetus at risk can result in early appropriate intervention and hence reduce fetal loss......

[1]. Fong KW, Ohlsson A, Hannah ME, Grisaru S, Kingdom J, Cohen H, Ryan M, Windrim R, Foster G, Amankwah K. Prediction of perinatal outcome in fetuses suspected to have intrauterine growth restriction: Doppler US study of fetal cerebral, renal, and umbilical arteries. Radiology. 1999 Dec;213(3):681-9. doi: 10.1148/radiology.213.3.r99dc08681. PMID: 10580939.
[2]. Tolu LB, Ararso R, Abdulkadir A, Feyissa GT, Worku Y. Perinatal outcome of growth restricted fetuses with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler waveforms compared to growth restricted fetuses with normal umbilical artery Doppler waveforms at a tertiary referral hospital in urban Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2020 Jun 18;15(6):e0234810. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234810. PMID: 32555633; PMCID: PMC7302535.
[3]. Kessous R, Aricha-Tamir B, Weintraub AY, Sheiner E, Hershkovitz R. Umbilical artery peak systolic velocity measurements for prediction of perinatal outcome among IUGR fetuses. J Clin Ultrasound. 2014 Sep;42(7):405-10. doi: 10.1002/jcu.22152. Epub 2014 Mar 13. PMID: 24633994.

Abstract: Dengue Fever / Dengue Haemorrhagic fever is increasingly recognized as one of the world's major emerging infectious tropical diseases having the potential of causing large scale outbreaks Early diagnosis of CLS is essential to start volume replacement and avoid progression to DSS. Thus this study is intended to evaluate the ultrasonographic features of capillary leak syndrome and investigate the role of Doppler study of the portal vein as a predictor for capillary leakage in these patients.

[1]. U sman A, Tahir A, Sa ƍ ad S, Tahir N, Ibinaiye P, Ahidjo A, et al. Ultrasound Determination of Portal Vein Diameter in Adult Patients with Chronic Liver Disease in North-Eastern Nigeria. Sub-Saharan African Journal of Medicine. 2015;2(2):57.
[2]. Biswas T. Capillary Leak Syndrome is Inversely Related to Platelet Count in Dengue. JMSCR. September 2016.Vol 04. Issue 09: Page 12315-12320.
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[6]. Pramuljo HS, Harun SR. Ultrasound findings in dengue haemorrhagic fever. Pediatr Radiol. 1991;21:100 –102.

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Femur neck fractures and its consequences are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Both unipolar and bipolar hemiarthroplasty aid in the patient's early mobilisation and increase their useful life. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study comprised 40 individuals with intracapsular neck of femur fractures. 20 patients received bipolar hemiarthroplasty treatment, while 20 patients received unipolar hemiarthroplasty treatment. Patients in both groups had.......

[1]. Lausten GS, Vedel P, Nielsen PM. Fractures of femoral neck treated with bipolar : endoprosthesis. Clin Orthop 1987;218:63-7.
[2]. Bochner RM, Pellicci PM, Lyden JP. Bipolar hemiarthroplasty for fracture of the femoral neck. Clinical review with special emphasis on prosthetic motion. J Bone Joint Surgery Am 1998;7:1001-10.
[3]. Nottage WM, McMaster WC. Comparison of bipolar implants with fixed-neck prostheses in femoral-neck fractures. Clin Orthop 1990.251:38-43.
[4]. La Belle LW, Colwill JC, Swanson AB. Bateman bipolar hip Arthroplasty for neck femur fracture. A five to ten year study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1990;(251):20-5
[5]. Gallinaro P, Tabasso G, Nagretto R, Branch-del Prever EM. Experience with bipolar prosthesis in femoral neck fractures in elderly and dilapidated. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1990;(251):26-30

Abstract: Background and Objectives: Siemens Somatom Sensation Cardiac 16 slice Multi-Slice computed tomography (Multi-Slice CT) scan has proven to be an extremely useful tool in the assessment of both inflammatory and mitotic conditions of the pancreas. With its high-quality imaging capabilities, Multi-Slice CT can clearly display parenchymal abnormalities and accurately show the extrapancreatic spread of disease in inflammatory conditions. In chronic pancreatitis, Multi-Slice CT is the modality of choice due to its ability to provide detailed views of calcifications. This feature is essential in making an accurate diagnosis and assessing the severity of the condition.......

Key words: Multi-Slice CT (Multi-Slice computerized tomography), pancreatitis , necrosis, CECT (Contrast enhanced computerized tomography) and calcification.

[1]. Manfredi R, Brizi MG, Canade A, Vecchioli A, Marano P. Imaging of acute pancreatitis. Rays.2001;26:135–42.
[2]. Koo BC, Chinogureyi A, Shaw AS. Imaging acute pancreatitis. Br J Radiol.2010 Feb; 83(986):104-12.
[3]. Casas JD, Diaz R, Valderas G, Mariscal A, Cuadras P. Prognostic value of in the early assessment of patients with acute pancreatitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004 Mar; 182(3): 569-74.
[4]. Chopra S ,P.Joshi , S K Kochhar, G Balarangaiah " Pictoralassay:CT spectrum of pancreatitis -- an overview" Ind J RadiolImag 1997:7(2):91:96.
[5]. RaifatMasud ,AkhtarWaheed , Aurangzeb , FakharIlyas Malik , AtifMian " Role of radiology in pancreatic disorder" 2009

Abstract: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is the decline in cognitive function that occurs after surgery and is characterized by impairment of recent memory, concentration, language, comprehension and social integration.1 Although earlier recognized after cardiac surgery it has been seen to occur after non- cardiac surgeries under general and regional anaesthesia in major as well as minor surgeries.2,3,4,5 Incidence of POCD depends on various factors including age, sex, type and duration of surgery, anaesthetic drugs, systemic disease and certain features of hospital settings like noise, immobilization, isolation, sleep deprivation during hospitalization. POCD may be confused with delirium or excessive sedative state due to residual effect of anaesthetic drugs........

[1]. Altun C et al. Effects of anesthesia type on short-term postoperative cognitive function in obstetric patients following cesarean section. Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association. 2015;16(4):219.
[2]. Campbell D N et al. A prospective randomized study of local versus general anaesthesia for cataract surgery.1993 May 1;48(5):422-8.
[3]. Monk T G, et al. Predictors of cognitive dysfunction after major noncardiac surgery. Anesthesiology: The Journal of the American Society of Anesthesiologists. 2008 Jan 1;108(1)
[4]. Rohan D et al. Increased incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction 24 hr after minor surgery in the elderly. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia. 2005 Feb 1; 52(2):137-42.
[5]. Canet J, et al. Cognitive dysfunction after minor surgery in the elderly. Acta AnaesthesiologicaScandinavica. 2003 Nov 1; 47(10):1204-10)

Abstract: Background: The primary objective of orthodontic treatment is to improve facial esthetics through changes in soft tissues. In orthodontics the facial harmony is determined by the morphological relationships and proportions of the nose, lip, and chin. The nose being one of the most striking facial features influence the aesthetic outcome of orthodontic therapy. Size, shape, and position of nose determine the aesthetic appearance of face. The nose plays an important role in every aspect of orthodontic treatment like diagnosis, treatment planning and post treatment prognosis......

Key words: Nasal tip projection, nasal tip angle

[1]. Lo Franklin D. W. Stuart Hunter .Changes in nasolabial angle related to maxillary incisor retraction. Am journal of orthodontics .1982;82(5):384-391.
[2]. lkenKocadereli. Changes in soft tissue profile after orthodontic treatment with and without extractions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop .2002;122(1): 67-72.
[3]. Sandra Ani c ́ -Milo š evi c ́ , Marina Lapter-VargaandMladen Š analysis of the soft tissue facial profile by means of angular measurements.european journal of orthodontics .2008;30(2):135-40
[4]. Sandeep Shetty, ShafeesKoya ,Shourya Hegde .Rhinion Shift: Change Seen in the Nasal Bone Post Orthodontics: A Cephalometric Study. I J Pre Clin Dent Res 2015;2(6):1-7 .
[5]. Zierhut EC, Joondeph DR, Artun J, Little RM. Long-term profile changes associated with successfully treated extraction and nonextraction Class II Division 1 malocclusions. Angle Orthod2000;70:208–19