iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2018

Abstract: Surgery still today remains an important modality of management for resectable cancer stomach, recent NCCN guideline recommends gastrectomy with D1 or modified D2 lymphnode dissection with a goal of examining 15 or more lymph nodes for localised resectable gastric cancer. Modified D2 dissection remains a widely practised surgical procedure for cancer stomach. In our institution we spare routine removal of lymphnodes around distal splenic arery, splenic hilum as well as pancreaticosplenectomy as a modification over standard D2 dissection. However the question remains whether the goal of examining the required number of lymph nodes is met irrespective of variables like age obesity, stage of disease, grade of tumour in this form of modified D2 lymphadenectomy . Secondly how the variables affect the yield of lymph nodes in pathological specimen of cancer stomach remains to be seen..........

Key Words: Modified D2 gastrectomy,30days morbidity and mortality,Lymphnode retrivals

[1]. Maruyama K, Okabayashi K, Kinoshita T. Progress in gastric cancer surgery in Japan and its limits of radicality. World J Surg. 1987;11:418–425.
[2]. Soga J, Kobayahsi K, Saito J, Fukimaki M, Muto T. The role of lymphadenectomy in curative surgery for gastric cancer. World J Surg. 1979;3:701–708.
[3]. Bonenkamp JJ, Hermans J, Sasako M, Van de Velde CJH. Extended lymph-node dissection for gastric cancer. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:908–914.
[4]. Cuschieri A, Fayers P, Fielding J, Craven J, Bancewicz J, Joypaul V, Cook P. Postoperative morbidity and mortality after D1 and D2 resections for gastric cancer: preliminary results of the MRC randomised controlled surgical trial. Lancet. 1996;347:995–999.
[5]. Bonenkamp JJ, Songun I, Herman J, Sasako M, Welvaart K, Plukker JT, van Elk P, Obertop H, Gouma DJ, Taat CW. Randomised comparison of morbidity after D1 and D2 dissection for gastric cancer in 996 Dutch patients. Lancet. 1995;345:745–748

Abstract: Background and Objectives: The commonly accepted treatment of typeIII, extension-type supracondylar fractures of humerus in children is closed reduction with percutaneous pinning.The present study aims at comparing the functional outcome of percutaneous crossed pinning with lateral pinning.Methods: An analysis of results with regard to ulnar nerve injury, carryingangle and range of movements was made in 22 children with lateral pinning and 38 children with crossed pinning. Functional outcome was graded according to Mitchell and Adams criteria.Results: There was no statistically significant difference with regard to functional outcome,between the two groups. Both methods produced satisfactory results in all cases. Ulnar nerve injury occurred in three cases (5 %) after crossed pinning. One case had significant palsy, which recovered by four months and the other had only ulnar nerve paraesthesia .Interpretations and Conclusions: Percutaneous pinning is an excellentmethod of treatment........

Keywords : Supracondylar fracture , humerus , crossed pinning , lateral pinning , ulnar nerve , carrying angle , range of motion.

[1]. David L. Skaggs, John M. Flynn : Supracondylar Fractures of the Distal Humerus . In : James H . Beady, Jams H. Kasser . Rockwood And Wilkin's Fractures In Children , 7th Edition. Philadelphia ;Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ; 2010. pg487 .
[2]. Houshian S, Mehdi B, Larsen MS. The epidemiology of elbow fracture in children: analysis of 355 fractures, with special reference to supracondylar humerus fractures. J Orthop Sci 2001;6:312-315.
[3]. David L. Skaggs, John M. Flynn Supracondylar Fractures of the Distal Humerus .In : James H . Beady, Jams H. Kasser . Rockwood And Wilkin's Fractures In Children , 7th Edition. Philadelphia ;Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ; 2010. pg501 .
[4]. David L. Skaggs, John M. Flynn Supracondylar Fractures of the Distal Humerus .In : James H . Beady, Jams H. Kasser . Rockwood And Wilkin's Fractures In Children , 7th Edition. Philadelphia ;Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ; 2010. pg502 .
[5]. Wikins KE; The Operative management of supracondylar fractures, OrthopClin North Am, 1990; Vol.21 (2) : 269 (7):660-5.

Abstract: Behaviour management is a key factor in providing dental care for children. If the child's behavior in dental office is not managed then it is difficult, if not impossible to carry out any needed dental care. It is the responsibility of the dental practitioner to provide best treatment to child patient by gaining patient's cooperation. Different behaviour management techniques are available nowadays to manage the troublesome child. Determinants that influence the development of behavioral strategy for a young patient include disease status, child's physical and mental development, parental characteristics and provider personality and capabilities. Different techniques used including- supportive office environment, "tell-show-do", successive approximation, distraction and behaviour shaping must be matched to the characteristics of each child. Current cultural trends suggest that disciplinary forms of behaviour management techniques- such as hand-over-mouth, physical restraints and even voice control- are losing social acceptance..

Keywords: Behaviour, Anxiety, Communication

[1]. Fayle SA, Tahmessebi JF. Paediatric dentistry in the new millennium: 2. Behaviour management – Helping children to accept dentistry. Dent Update 2003;30:294-8.
[2]. Freeman R. The case for mother in the surgery. Br Dent J 1999; 186: 610-613
[3]. Wright GZ, Alpren GD. Variables influencing children‟s cooperative behaviour at first dental visit. J Dent Child 1971; 23; 124-128

[4]. Wright GZ, Alpren GD, Leake JL. A cross- validation of the variables affecting children‟s cooperative behaviour. J Can Dent Assoc 1973;39: 268-273
[5]. Bailey PM, Talbot M, Taylor PP. A Comparison of maternal anxiety and anxiety levels manifested in the child patient. J Dent Child 1971; 40;277-284.

Abstract: Obstetric Hemorrhage (OH) Is The Leading Cause Of Maternal Mortality, Responsible For 25–50% Of Maternal Deaths [1]. Uncontrolled Hemorrhage Can Lead To Irreversible Hypovolemic Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, And Mortality. NASG Has Been Extensively Used In Patients With PPH But There Are No Reports For Its Use In Antepartum Period. Here We Report A Unique Case Of A Maternal Near Miss Who Survived Solely Because Of The Timely Use Of NASG. A 23 Year Old Primigravida Was Rushed To The ED In A State Of Shock, Gasping, No Pulse & BP Recordable With A History Of Sudden Onset Acute Pain Abdomen, Vomiting & Fainting Attack At Home 2 Hrs Ago. She Was 5 Months Pregnant. On Examination – She Was Cold & Clammy, Pale, Pulse & BP Not Recordable, Delirious And Not Following Verbal Commands. Abdominal............

[1]. Lozano R, Wang H, Foreman KJ, Rajaratnam JK, Naghavi M, Et Al. (2011) Progress Towards Millennium Development Goals 4 And 5 On Maternal And Child Mortality: An Updated Systematic Analysis. Lancet 378: 1139–1165
[2]. Mobeen N, Durocher J, Zuberi N, Jahan N, Blum J, Et Al. (2010) Use Of Misoprostol By Trained Traditional Birth Attendants To Prevent Postpartum Haemorrhage During Home Deliveries In Pakistan: A Randomised Placebocontrolled Trial. British Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology 118: 353–361.
[3]. Derman RJ, Kodkany BS, Goudar SS, Geller SE, Naik VA, Et Al. (2006) Oral Misoprostol In Preventing Postpartum Haemorrhage In Resource-Poor Communities: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Lancet 368: 1248–1253.
[4]. Mccarthy J, Maine D (1992) A Framework For Analyzing The Determinants Of Maternal Mortality. Stud Fam Plann 23: 23–33.
[5]. Lester F, Stenson A, Meyer C, Morris J, Vargas J, Et Al. (2011) Impact Of The Non-Pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment On Pelvic Blood Flow In Healthy Postpartum Women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 204: 409e401–405

Abstract: Neonatal Sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in newborn . It "may be categorized as early-onset or late-onset. Of newborns with early-onset sepsis, 85% present within 24 hours, 5% present at 24-48 hours, and a smaller percentage present within 48-72 hours".Premature neonates have a more swift onset. Risk of infection is directly related to Maternal, Neonatal and environmental factors, and adverse outcome can be prevented by early neonatal evaluation and therapy.[1]. Neonatal sepsis in India is very high 30/1000 live birth, rural 49 to 170/1000 (NNF perinatal database 2002 -2003), themortality rateis very high 28 (WHO, UNICEF 2015)............

[1] Camacho-Gonzalez A, Spearman PW, Stoll BJ. Neonatal Infectious Diseases: Evaluation of Neonatal Sepsis. PediatrClin North Am. 2013; 60(2): 367-389.
[2] Bizzarro MJ, Raskind C, Baltimore RS, Gallagher PG. Seventy-five years of neonatal sepsis at Yale: 1928–2003. Pediatrics. 2005;116 (3):595–602.
[3] van den Hoogen A, Gerards LJ, Verboon-Maciolek MA, Fleer A, Krediet TG. Long-term trends in the epidemiology of neonatal sepsis and antibiotic susceptibility of causative agents. Neonatology. 2010. 97(1):22-8.
[4] Morales WJ, Dickey SS, Bornick P, Lim DV. Change in antibiotic resistance of group B streptococcus: impact on intrapartum management. Am J ObstetGynecol1999. 181(2):310-4.
[5] Shane AL, Stoll BJ. Neonatal sepsis: progress towards improved outcomes.J Infect 2014;68Suppl 1:S24-32...

Abstract: During Endodontic Treatment, Clinicians May Face Endodontic Procedural Mishaps Such As Broken Instruments. This Condition Is Associated With Potential Risk Of Contamination, Which Compromises The Healing Process. Management Of A Separated Instrument Is Difficult And Time Consuming And Requires Creativity As Well As Clinical Knowledge And Skills. Different Devices And Techniques Have Been Developed To Retrieve Fractured Instrument During The Endodontic Procedure But None Are Consistently Successful. Using Dental Magnification Like Dental Loupes Or Dental Operating Microscopes Makes The Procedure More Successful. This Case Report Describes The Management Of A Broken Instrument In Mesio Buccal Canal And Retreatment Of First Molar Using Ultrasonic Tips.

Keywords – Retrieval, Stainless-Steel File, Ultrasonic, Retreatment

[1]. W.T. Johnson, W.C. Noblett Isolation, Endodontic Access, And Length Determination M. Torabinejad, R.E. Walton (Eds.), Endodontics Principles And Practice (4th Ed.), Saunders, An Imprint Of Elsevier Inc (2009), Pp. 230-257
[2]. P. Parashos, H.H.J. Messer Rotary Niti Instrument Fracture And Its Consequences J Endod, 32 (2006), Pp. 1031-1043
[3]. P.M. Di Fiore A Dozen Ways To Prevent Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instrument Fracture J Am Dent Assoc, 138 (2007), Pp. 196-201
[4]. A.A. Madarati, D.C. Watts, A.J. Qualtrough Factors Contributing To The Separation Of Endodontic Files Br Dent J, 204 (2008), Pp. 241-245

[5]. Terauchi Y, O'leary L, Suda H. 2006 Removal Of Separated Files From Root Canals With A New File Removal System. Case Report J Endod 32:789-97...

Abstract: Abdominal Tuberculosis includes tuberculosis infection of gastrointestinal tract, mesentery, lymph nodes, omentum, the peritoneum and related solid organs such as liver and spleen. This study aims to document the trend of different types of presentation, methods and findings for diagnosis and treatment approaches in Abdominal Tuberculosis. 46 patients of abdominal tuberculosis admitted in emergency as well as in outpatient department of People's college of Medical Sciences,, Bhopal during the period of November 2014 to April 2016 were analyzed. Abdominal pain often chronic was the most common presenting complaint. Often detailed history or a lump on examination pointed to the diagnosis while in some cases investigations and operative procedures revealed it. Irrespective of surgery, all patients of abdominal tuberculosis require a full course of Anti Tubercular Treatment.

[1]. Bhansali SK, Desai AN. Abdominal tuberculosis. I J Surg 1968; 30: 218.
[2]. Bhansali SK. Abdominal tuberculosis. Experiences with 300 cases. Am J Gastroenterol 1977; 67: 324-37
[3]. Sharma YR. Kathmandu University Medical Journal, 2003; 2 (2): Issue 6,137-141.
[4]. Das P, Shukla HS. Clinical Diagnosis of Abdominal Tuberculosis: Br J Surg 1976; 63: 941-946.
[5]. Forrest C Ecgleston, Madhu C, Deodhar, Ashutosh Kumar. Surgery in Abdominal tuberculosis: Results in 137 cases. Ind J Tub 1983; 30: 139.

Abstract: Primarysquamouscellcarcinoma(PSCC) ofthyroidisanextremelyraremalignancyofthyroid.Herewith,wedescribeacasereport offemalepatientwhopresentedwithneckswelling. FNAC misdiagnosed it as medullary carcinomaofthyroidbut,afterresection, biopsyrevealedittobeacaseof squamous cellcarcinomaofthyroid.Afterextensive investigationsnopossibleprimaryfocusof squamous cell carcinoma was found elsewhere, so diagnosis of PSCCof thyroid was made. Patient underwentchemoradiationbutstillpatientsuccumbedtodeathwithinayear, so documentingmore patients will continue to develop our understanding of diagnosis and treatment for best care of ourpatients.

Keywords - Primarysquamouscellcarcinoma, FNAC, Chemoradiation

[1] Zimmer PW, Wilson D, Bell N: Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Mil Med 2003, 168:124-5. 2.
[2] Korovin GS, Cho HT, Kuriloff DB, Sobol SM: Squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid: a diagnostic dilemma. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1989, 98:59-65
[3] Rahulkumar N. Chavan, BhargavChikkala, Cinjini Biswas, Somak Biswas, and Diptendra Kumar Sarkar, ―Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Thyroid: A Rare Entity,‖ Case Reports in Pathology, vol. 2015, Article ID 838079, 3 pages, 2015.
[4] G.S.Korovin, H.T.Cho, D.B.Kuriloff, S.M.Sobol, ―Squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid: a diagnostic dilemma,‖ AnnalsofOtology,Rhinologyand Laryngology 1989, 98(1):59–65.

[5] K.-Y. Lam, C.-Y. Lo, and M.-C. Liu, ―Primary squamous cell carcinomaofthethyroidgland:anentitywithaggressiveclinical behaviour and distinctive cytokeratin expression profiles,‖ Histopathology,vol.39,no.3,pp.279–286,2001..

Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of single application of topical doxycycline hyclateand single application of triamcinolone acetonide in the management of recurrent aphthousstomatitis for pain reduction. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 patients were selectedand divided into 2 groups( Group I and II) with 15 subjects belonging to each. Patients with aphthous ulcer were diagnosed on clinicalexamination and pain intensity wasmeasured using a discretevisual analog scale (VAS) of 0–10 (with 1 mm division, where "0" is no pain and "10" is worstpossible pain.........

Keywords: Aphthous ulcer, denture adhesive, doxycycline hyclate, triamcinolone acetonide

[1] Besu I, Jankovic L, Magdu IU, Konic‑Ristic A, Raskovic S, Juranic Z.Humoral immunity to cow's milk proteins and gliadin within theetiology of recurrent aphthous ulcers? Oral Dis 2009;15:560‑4.
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[3] Koybasi S, Parlak AH, Serin E, Yilmaz F, Serin D. Recurrent aphthousstomatitis: Investigation of possible etiologic factors. Am J Otolaryngol2006;27:229‑32.
[4] Wray D, Graykowski EA, Notkins AL. Role of mucosal injury ininitiating recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)
1981;283:1569‑70.
[5] Ylikontiola L, Sorsa T, Hayrinen‑Immonen R, Salo T.Doxymycine‑cyanoacrylate treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral RadiolEndod1997;83:329‑33..

Abstract: Tuberculosis (Tb) Which Is One Of The Oldest Diseases Known To Affect Humans And Is Likely A Major Cause Of Death Worldwide1.Of The Standard Antitubercular Drug Used In Dots Strategy And Non-Dots Strategy, Isoniazid, Rifampicin And Pyrazinamide Metabolized By Liver By Different Enzymatic Reaction And Have Been Associated With Development Of Drug Induced Hepatotoxicity. The Population Residing In Jharkhand State Are Tribal People (27.6%) Who Are Not Only Economically, Socially And Educationally Backward But They Mostly Believe In The Orthodox Treatment Of Even Most Severe And Complicated Disease. The Incidence And Prevalence Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis In These Tribal Belts Are Alarming. The Good Compliance And The Ensured Institution Of Drugs For Tuberculosis Will Certainly Increase The Cure Rate Of Disease. The Intermittent Short-Course........

Keywords: Intermittent And Daily Att Regimen, Liver Enzymes, Tribal, Jharkahnd

[1] Mario C. R., Richard J. O‟brien. Harrison‟s Principles Of Internal Medicine, 19th Ed. Vol. Ii, P. 1102-1122.
[2] Government Of India, India 2015. Rntcp Status Report. Central T.B. Division, Ministry Of Health And Family Welfare, New Delhi.
[3] Basic And Clinical Pharmacology By Bertram G. Katzung, 13th Edition, 2015, P. 825-826.
[4] Timbrell Ja, Park Bk, Harland Sj. A Study Of The Effects Of Rmp On Inh Metabolism In Human Volunteers. Hum Toxicol, 1985;4: 279-285.
[5] Kumar A, Misra Pk, Mehrolra R, Govil Yc, Rana Gs. Hepatotoxicity Of Rifampicin And Isoniazid: Is It All Drug Induced Hepatitis? Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 143: 1350-2..

Abstract: Background : Angioleiomyoma Of The Scrotum Is A Rare Benign Lesion. As It Is A Rare Entity ,It Is Considered In The Differential Diagnosis Of Paratesticular Malignant Tumors. We Present Here A Case Report Of Angioleiomyoma Arising From The Scrotal Wall . Case Report: A 58 Years Old Male Presented With Scrotal Swelling For 10 Years And Pain For Past 6 Months.High Frequency Ultrasound Of The Scrotum Shows 3 X2 Cm Heterogenous Solid Mass Arising From The Scrotal Wall. Both Physical Examination And Ultrasound Revealed The Mass As Sebaceous Cyst And Excision Biopsy Of The Mass Was Done.Histopathological Examination Revealed The Diagnosis Of Angioleiomyoma Of Scrotal Wall Which Was Confirmed........

Keywords: Painful Scrotal Swelling ,Angioleiomyoma Of Scrotum , Paratesticular Malignant Tumors

[1] Smooth Muscle Hyperplasia Of The Testicular Adnexa Clinically Mimicking Neoplasia: Clinicopathologic Study Of Sixteen Cases- Barton Jh ,Et Al . Am J Surg Pathol, 23 (1999), Pp. 903-909
[2] Angioleiomyoma Of The Scrotal Wall- Levend Ozkan.:Journal Of The Chinese Medical Association 74(2011) 275-276.
[3] Leiomyoma Of Scrotum: A Rare Case Report- Shweta Rani -Iranian Journal Of Pathology (2015)10(3),243-247:.
[4] Solitary Genital Leiomyoma Of The Tunica Dartos: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature In Japan- Hinyokika Kiyo :-Acta Urologica Japonica-Vol 51 (2005), Pp. 699-701.
[5] Case Report: Angioleiomyoma Of The Spermatic Cord: A Rare Scrotal Mass -. M. Ghei, B. Arun, B.H. Maraj, R.A. Miller, S. Nathan Int Urol Nephrol, 37 (2005), Pp. 731-732.

Abstract: Prevalence Of Resistant Microbial Strains Is Increasing With Time; Due To The Extensive And Indiscriminate Use Of The Broad Spectrum Antimicrobials That Rendered The Current Used Antimicrobial Agents Insufficient To Control Some Microbial Infections. The Present Study Was Aimed To Investigate The Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Potential Of Methanolic Extract Of The Medicinal Plant Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. The Agar Well Diffusion Technique Was Used To Determine The Antimicrobial Activity Of Methanolic Extract Of Hibiscus Sabdariffa L And The Antioxidant Activity Was Determined Throughthe DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay. The Methanolic Extract Of Hibiscus Sabdariffa L Was Examined Against Six Reference Bacterial Strains, One Fungal, And One Parasitic........

Keywords: Hibiscus Sabdariffa L, Methanolic Extract, Giardia Lamblia, Antimicrobial Activity, DPPH

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