iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2018

Abstract: Office hysteroscopy and endometrial aspiration are the most common investigations in patients presenting with infertility or abnormal vaginal bleeding. Difficulty in cervical dilatation during these procedures may cause excessive pain, cervical tear or uterine perforation. These complications can be reduced by using a cervical priming agent like misoprostol prior to the procedure. In this study, Two hundred non-pregnant patients undergoing gynaecological procedure were randomized to oral or vaginal misoprostol groups. 400 μg misoprostol was administered 3 hours prior to procedure in each group. After 3 hours cervical dilatation, pain perceived (VAS score),................

[1]. Zieman M, Fong SK, Benowitz NL, Banskter D, Darney PD. Absorption kinetics of misoprostol with oral or vaginal administration. ObstetGynecol 1997;90:88-92.
[2]. Ngai SW, Chan YM, Liu KL, Ho PC. Oral misoprostol for cervical priming in non-pregnant women. Hum Reprod 1997;12:2373-5.
[3]. Atay V, Duru NK, Pabuccu R, Ergu¨n A, Tokac G, Aydin BA. Vaginal misoprostol for cervical dilatation before operative office hysteroscopy. GynecolEndosc 1997;6:47-9.
[4]. Choksuchat C, Cheewadhanaraks S, Getpook C, Wootipoom V, Dhanavoravibul K. Misoprostol for cervical ripening in non-pregnant women: a randomized double-blind controlled trial of oral versus vaginal regimens. Hum Reprod 2006;21:2167-70.
[5]. Lee YY, Kim TJ, Kang H, Choi CH, Lee JW, Kim BG, et al. The use of misoprostol before hysteroscopic surgery in non-pregnant premenopausal women: a randomized comparison of sublingual, oral and vaginal administrations. Hum Reprod 2010;25:1942-8.

Abstract: Background: adolescent sexual practice is increasing worldwide with serious health and social consequences. Parent adolescent communication on sexuality (PACS) despite being rare has been found to have positive impact on delaying sexual debut among adolescents but receives little attention in strategies targeting improved adolescent sexual outcome. There is need to explore the prevalence and content of PACS, the adolescent's perception thereof and the mode of impact on their sexual practice in our environment. Aim and Objectives: To determine the pattern and content of parent adolescent communication on sexuality, the adolescent's perception of the discussion and impact on their sexual practice. Methodology: Over 400 senior secondary school students from 2 mixed day schools were recruited by random sampling. Only 336 customised self administered questionnaires were.......

[1]. Das Gupta M., Engelman R., Levy J., Luchsinger G., Merrick T., Rosen J.E. The Power of 1.8 Billion. Available at www.unfpa.org>files>pub-pdf. accessed 2/2/16
[2]. UNICEF. At a glance: Nigeria Statistics 2012 (updated 27 Dec. 2013).available at www.unicef.org. Accessed 2/2/16
[3]. WHO. Sexual and Reproductive Health. Available @ www.who.int>reproductivehealth. Accessed 03/04/16.
[4]. Sedgh G., Bankole A.,Okonofua F., Imarhiagbe C., HussainR., Wulf D.Meeting young women's Sexual and Reproductive health Needs in Nigeria. Guttmacher Institute.2009. Available online athttps://www.guttmacher.org>report> accessed 05/02 16.
[5]. Blake S.M, Simkin L., Ledsky R., Et al. Effects of a parent-child communications intervention on young adolescent's risk for early onset of sexual intercourse. Family Planning Perspectives. Volume 33, Number 2, March/April 2001:52-61.

Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of prefabricated composite veneer bonded to polyether-etherketone(PEEK) implant prosthetic framework using two different bonding systems. Materials and methods: 40 pre-fabricated composite veneers (novo.lign A -bredent GmbH,Germany) for central incisors were selected and cemented to a PEEKframework using two different bonding systems–Group A using visio.link primer-combo.lign luting composite resin (bredent GmbH,Germany) and Group B using GC Composite Primer(GC,Europe) and LuxaCore Z bonding resin(DMG, Germany).After ageing the specimens by storage in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours, shear bond strength of composite veneer bonding was tested on universal testing machiene.

[1]. Santing HJ, Meijer HJA, Raghoebar GM, Özcan M. Fracture Strength and Failure Mode of Maxillary Implant-Supported Provisional Single Crowns: A Comparison of Composite Resin Crowns Fabricated Directly Over PEEK Abutments and Solid Titanium Abutments. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012;14(6):882–9.
[2]. Stawarczyk B, Jordan P, Schmidlin PR, Roos M, Eichberger M, Gernet W, et al. PEEK surface treatment effects on tensile bond strength to veneering resins. J Prosthet Dent . 2014;112(5):1278–88.
[3]. Schmidlin PR, Stawarczyk B, Wieland M, Attin T, Hämmerle CHF, Fischer J. Effect of different surface pre-treatments and luting materials on shear bond strength to PEEK. Dent Mater. 2010;26(6):553–9.

Abstract: Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigateprevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among partially edentulous patients. Background: The prevalence of TMD signs in partially edentulous patients has not been well‑documented. On the contrary, much of the published work has been attributed to the complete denturewearing and the dentate patients. Methods: A total of 150 samples with Kennedy Class I or Class II partially edentulousarch, with age group range 30to75 were selected. The evaluation of TMD was done usingHelkimo index. The results were analysed by Frequency distribution and Chi –square test.......

[1]. Dwarkim, S. G., Huggms, K. L. Epidemiology Of Signs And Symptoms In Tempormandibular Disorder, Clinical Signs In Cases And Casteales. J Am Dent Assoc., 1990,120: 273
[2]. Melkino, M. Studies On Function And Dysfunction Of The Masticatory System. II Index ForAnamenolic And Clinical Dysfunction And Occlusal State. Swed Dent J., 1974,67: 101
[3]. Okeson JP, De Leeuw R. Differential Diagnosis Of Temporomandibular Disorders And Other Orofacial Pain Disorders. Vol. 55, Dental Clinics Of North America. 2011. P. 105–20.
[4]. Gupta S, Gupta R. Partial Edentulism And Temporomandibular Joint Disorders.2014;13(12):60–3.
[5]. Okeson JP, De Leeuw R. Differential Diagnosis Of Temporomandibular Disorders And Other Orofacial Pain Disorders. Vol. 55, Dental Clinics Of North America. 2011. P. 105–20.

Abstract: Background-Incisional hernias arise through a defect in the musculofascial layers of the abdominal wall in the region of a post-operative scar.Objectives-1.) To evaluate the incidence and clinical presentation of incisional hernia in elective abdominal surgery and emergency abdominal surgery.2) To enumerate the different causal factors for incisional hernia in abdominal surgery in our hospital setup.3)To evaluate mode of prevention and proper management for incisional hernia.Place and Duration-Patients admitted in various surgical wards of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi having incisional hernia were included in our study.. The study was conducted during the period from........

Keywords: Incisional hernia,midline abdominal incision,Gynaecological operations or Emergency laparotomy

[1]. Maingot's Abdominal Surgery -12th Edition,p-123.
[2]. Baily and Love Short Practice of Surgery-25th Edition, p-968.26th edition,p-964.
[3]. Pollock AV. Evans M. Early prediction of late incisional hernias. BR J Surg. 1989: 76:953-954.
[4]. Korenkov M., Sauerland S., Amor M. et al., 2002, "Randomised clinical trial of suture repair, polypropylene mesh or auto dermal hernioplasty or incisional hernia", British Journal of Surgery. 89(1):50.
[5]. Parra J.A., Revuelta S., Gallego T. et al., 2004, "Prosthetic mesh used for inguinal ventral hernia normal appearance and complications in USG and CT", British Journal of Radiology, 77:261-265. Hodgson F.C. Nicole et al., Richard A. et al., 1999, "The search for an ideal method of abdominal fascial closure", Annals of Surg., 231(3):436-442....

Abstract: Background:Rabies is a viral disease which is almost always fatal. It is a neglected zoonotic disease which still causes significant mortality, mostly in the developing and third world countries. The mainstay in prevention of rabies is timely vaccination with a safe and potent anti-rabies vaccine. Abhayrab Vaccine, a purified Vero cell rabies vaccine (PVRV) manufactured by Human Biologicals Institute, has proved its safety and efficacy since its launch. The objective of this post marketing surveillance study is to further evaluate the safety of the Abhayrab vaccine when administered by Intradermal route in Category II animal exposure subjects in India. Methods: In an open label single arm single centric study, a total of 101 subjects meeting the eligibility criteria were enrolled in the study. Abhayrab Vaccine was............

Keywords: PVRV, Abhayrab,Intradermal, 1ml reconstitution

[1]. Facts about Rabies - http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/rabies/photos/en/index6.html
[2]. Rabies in India - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2244675/
[3]. Assessing burden of rabies in India - http://www.apcri.org/pdf/WHO-APCRI%20Survey%20Report.pdf
[4]. Rabies by World Health Organization, India- http://www.searo.who.int/india/topics/rabies/en/
[5]. WHO recommends the intradermal route for post-exposure prophylaxis in all places where rabies vaccines are in short supply - http://www.who.int/rabies/rabies_post_immunization/en/..

Abstract: Introduction: Management of open fractures of tibia is still debatable. Several patient factors and injury patterns keep the surgeon wondering as to optimal choice of implant. With recent report favouring nailing in open fractures a retrospective analysis was done regarding management of open fractures of tibia. Material And Method: Retrospective study done at our center from December 2014 to March 2017wherein 106 cases of compound fractures of tibia were reviewed regarding patient factors, injury mechanisms, management and outcome. Only skeletally mature patients with compound fractures of tibia shaft Gustilo grade IIIA were included in study..........

Key Words: open fractures, tibia, external fixator, intramedullary nailing

[1]. Canale TS, Daugherty K, and Jones L (2003): Campbell's operative orthopaedics. 10th ed. Mosby, Philadelphia (Pa).

[2]. Rhinelander FW. Tibial blood supply in relation to fracture healing. Clin. Orthop.1974;105,34-81

[3]. Rosenthal RE, Mac Phail JA, Ortiz JE. Nonunion in open tibial fractures. Analysis of reasons for failure of treatment. J Bone Joint Surg (Am). 1977;59, 244-248.
[4]. Gustilo RB and Anderson JT (1976): Prevention of infection in the treatment of one thousand and twenty-five open fractures of long bones. Retrospective and prospective analyses. J Bone Joint Surg 58-A: 453–458.
[5]. Pollak AN. Timing of debridement of open fractures. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2006;14:S48-51..

Abstract: An inflammatory myofibroblastictumor (IMT) is an immunohistochemically diverse entity demonstrating neoplastic and nonneoplastic qualities.IMT occurs most commonly in the lungs. Head and neck constitutes14-18% of extrapulmonarysites.The common head and neck site of IMT is the larynx and the intraoral site for IMT is the buccal mucosa and it also occurs in other head and neck sites such as the tonsils, para-pharyngeal space, sino-nasal tract, and trachea. The exactetiology and pathogenesis of IMT are not well known. Initially it was thought to be of purely inflammatory in origin and later it was found to have potential for recurrence, infilterative local growth and even malignant transformation. Here, we are discussing a rare case of 65years old female having IMT in left maxillary alveolus region.

Keywords - Neoplastic, inflammatory, lungs, maxillary alveolus

[1]. Umiker WO, Iverson L. Postinflammatorytumors of the lung; report of four cases simulating xanthoma, fibroma, or plasma cell tumor. J Thorac Surg. 1954;28:55–63.[PubMed: 13175281]

[2]. Scott L, Blair G, Taylor G, Dimmick J, Fraser G. Inflammatory pseudotumors in children. J Pediatr Surg. 1988;23:755–8. [PubMed: 3171847]

[3]. Coffin CM, Fletcher JA. Inflammatory myofibroblastictumor. In: Fletcher CDM, Unni KK, Mertens F, eds. World Health Organization classification of tumours. Pathology and genetics of tumours of soft tissue and bone. Lyon:IARC Press, 2002:91–3.

[4]. Coffin CM, Humphrey PA, Dehner LP: Extrapulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastictumor: a clinical and pathological survey. SeminDiagnPathol1998; 15: 85 – 101.

[5]. Shek AW, Wu PC, Samman N. Inflammatory pseudotumour of the mouth and maxilla. J ClinPathol. 1996;49:164–7. [PMCID: PMC500352] [PubMed: 8655685].

Abstract: 1. Background: Over the past three decades, the number of people with diabetes mellitus has increasing rapidly worldwide and it is one of the most important public health challenges to all country. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to compare the levels of HbA1c, serum uric acid in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus with normal healthy individuals.
2. Material and Method: This is study was undertaken in the Department of Lab Medicine, RIMS Ranchi, and Jharkhand India. Total 300 subjects included in this study (Group I: 150 normal healthy individuals, who were in the age group 30-80 years, of either sex. Group II: 150 newly diagnosed patients of diabetes mellitus in the same age group). Fasting blood samples were taken and investigated for blood sugar, HbA1c and serum uric acid and value compared with those of normal healthy subjects. Means ± standard deviation were calculated and student t-test was applied to find out significance level.........

Key Words –Diabetes Mellitus, Serum Uric Acid, Glycated Haemoglobin

[1]. Maritim AC, Sanders RA, Watkins JB. Diabetes, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: A Review Journal Biochem Molecular Toxicology. 2003; 17(1): 24-28.
[2]. Singh PP, Mahandi F, Roy A, Sharma P. Reactive oxygen Species, reactive nitrogen species and oxidants in etiopathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus Type-2. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry. 2009; 24(4): 324-42.
[3]. "Defination of c-peptide". http:// www. medicinenet .com.
[4]. Soliman GZA. Blood lipid peroxidation (Superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, glutathione) levels in Egyptian type 2 diabetic patients. Singapore Med Journal. 2008; 49(2): 129-36.
[5]. Safi AJ, Mahmood R, Khan MA, Ami-ul-Haq. Association of serum uric acid with type II Diabetes Mellitus. JPMI. 2002; 18(1): 59-63

Abstract: Background: Currently, depression among medical students is an important health issue at the global level. Academic pressure, though established, is an unavoidable cause of depression in medical students. It is associated with anxiety and psychological stress. Aim and objectives: To assess depression levels among medical students by using a self-administered Goldberg depression questionnaire. Methods:18-item questionnaire was given to the students and information was collected. Goldberg depression scale was used to assess the severity of depression. The results were analyzed using suitable statistical methods. Results: Among the study population 36.1% of medical students had depressive symptoms. In the present study depression is more among the female students when compared to male students and the difference is statistically significant (p=0.02)............

Keywords: Medical students, Depression, Stress

[1]. Basker M, MosesPD, Russell S, Russell PS. The psychometric propertiesof Beck Depression Inventory for adolescentdepression in a primary-care pediatric setting in India.Child Adolescent PsychiatryMent health. 2007;1:8[pub med]
[2]. Hans Selye: The stresses of life. MC Graw Hill, New York; 1956.523-567.
[3]. John A, Towes MD, Jocelyn M, et al. Analysis of stress levels among medical students, residents and graduate students at four Canadian school of medicine. Acad med 1997;72:997-1002.
[4]. Stewart SM, Betson C, Marshall I, et al. Stress and vulnerability in medical students. Med EDU 1995;29:119-27.
[5]. Bramness JA, FixdalTC.Vaglum P. Effect of medical schoolstress on the mental health of medical students in early and late clinical curriculum.ActaPsychiatrScand 1991;84:340-5..

Abstract: Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway with relapse and remission. There are different forms or variants of asthma eg: Intermittent Asthma, Persistent Asthma. Loss of control of any form or variant of asthma is termed as Acute exacerbation: which may cause mild to life threatening attack. Salbutamol inhalation is the key to control the acute attack. With its own advantages and disadvantages different delivery systems have been developed for asthma medications. Efficacy assessment compared between pMDI with Spacer and DPI(Aerolizer) about bronchodilator response in mild to moderate acute exacerbation of Asthma in young patients(19 years to 40 years) at out patient basis. Patients with severe acute exacerbation were excluded............

Keywords: Acute exacerbation of Asthma, pMDI. Spacer. DPI.Aerolizer. PEFR

[1]. Davidson,s Principles and Practice of MEDICINE: 22nd edn: 2014
[2]. Asthma Association, Bangladesh: National guideline: Asthma & COPD, January 2016.
[3]. National guideline: Asthma & COPD; Asthma Association: Bangladesh; 5th edn: Jan:2016, www.asthmabd.net.
[4]. Davisdson,s principles and Practice of medicine- 23rd edn: Respiratory medicine chapter –Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Asthma section.
[5]. Rodrigo GJ and Rodrigo C. Acute Asthma in Adults; A Review. Chest 2004;125:1081-1102..

Abstract: Clubfoot is one of the commonest congenital conditions seen in orthopaedic practice. Though congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) exists from time immemorial, its etiology is unknown, pathology is complex and management is full of controversies. Till today, the orthopaedic surgeons are constantly confronted with new techniques and operations in its management. It requires judicious selection of cases and use of appropriate method of treatment. We have passed through the phase of forcible manipulation of clubfoot to microsurgical operative techniques and correction by external fixator. In spite of careful research it remains a source of dissatisfaction even to most enthusiastic surgeons. This study consists of treatment of idiopathic clubfoot conservatively using Ponseti technique.

Keywords: Idiopathic Congenital Talipes Equino Varus, Ponseti Technique, Pirani score

[1] Netters concise atlas of orthopaedic anatomy, Jon.C.Thomson, M.D 1st edition.
[2] Netters orthopaedics by WALTER .B.GREENE,1st edition.
[3] Greys Anatomy for Student.
[4] Congenital club foot, fundamentals of treatment by Dr.I.V.PONSETI. Oxford university press 1996
[5] Ponseti technique posters by Lynn.Staheli;approved by Dr.I.V.PONSETI. www.global-help.org

Abstract: Cricoid pressure is used for prevention of aspiration in inadequately starving patients as well as patients having gastrointestinal obstruction or delayed gastric emptying and are posted for elective or emergency surgery under general anaesthesia. This pressure may vary in the quality as well as force applied by different individuals. The aim of this study was to compare the cricoid pressure application using manual cricoid pressure and a cricoid pressure manometer.The study was done in 100 adult patients undergoing elective and emergency surgery under general anaesthesia. They were divided into two groups of fifty patients. The two groups consisted of patients undergoing elective surgery and patients undergoing emergency surgery. These two groups were subdivided into:........

[1]. Sellick B.A. Cricoid pressure to control regurgitation of stomach contents during induction of anaesthesia. The Lancet,1961,2:404-406.
[2]. Joseph Brimacombe, Alison Berry.Review article cricoid pressure. Canadian journal of anaesthesia,1997, 44,4:414-425.
[3]. Vanner R.G., O.Dwyer J.P., Pryle B.J., Reynolds F. Upper oesophageal sphincter pressure and the effect of cricoid pressure. Anaesthesia, 1992,47:95-100.
[4]. Frederic Adnet et al. The intubation difficulty scale – proposal and evaluation of a new score characterising the complexity of endotracheal intubation. Anaesthesiology, 1997, 87,6:1290-1297.
[5]. R.M.Harry, J.P.Nolan:.The use of cricoid pressure with intubating laryngeal mask. Anaesthesia,1997, 54:656-659.

Abstract: The varicose veins are a relatively common condition of the lower limb for which surgery is the main modality of treatment. An anomaly of the Sapheno femoral junction should always be taken into consideration in order to minimize surgical complications of varicose veins. Knowledge of anatomical location of superficial external pudendal artery and its relatioship with the great saphenous vein is very important while exploring the sapheno femoral junction. Precise knowledge about these variations will definitely help to avoid inadvertent injury to superficial external pudendal artery and ensuing complications. Aim: Our purpose was to study the anatomical variations in the relationship of the great saphenous vein with the superficial external pudendal artery and to find the incidence of duplicated great saphenous vein.in South Indian population............

Keywords- great saphenous vein; duplication; superficial external pudendal artery.

[1]. Standring S, Borley NR, Collins P et al.Gray's Anatomy 40thed .Spain:Churchill Livingstone; 2008 pelvic girdle and lower limb-great saphenous vein: 1397 and 1381
[2]. Donelly M, Tierney S, Feeley m. Anatomical variation at the saphenous junction. Br J Surg2005;92:322-5. [3]. Ndiaye A, Ndiaye A, Ndoye JM, Diarra O, Diop M, Dia A, et al. The arch of the great saphenous vein: Anatomical bases for failures and recurrences after surgical treatment of varices in the pelvic limb. About 54 dissections.SurgRadiolAnat 2006;28:18-24.
[4]. Preethiramya-a study on the great saphenous vein including its surgical and radiological implications. 2008
[5]. Hemmati et al.Anatomical variations of the saphenofemoral junction in patients with varicose veins ActaMedicaIranica, Vol.50, No.8 (2012).552-555.