iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2018

Abstract: Introduction: The Lumbar Vertebrae Are Five Vertebrae Between The Rib Cage And The Pelvis. They Are Characterized By The Absence Of The Foramen Transversarium. This Study Conducted To Measures The Bony Vertebral Dimensions And To Set The Normal Limits In Assessing The Lumber Stenosis. Aim: Study Of Lumbar Vertebrae In Population Of Gwalior Region. Material And Methods: 300 Lumbar Vertebrae From L1 To L5 Were Taken For The Measurement Of Different Dimensions From The Anatomy Department Of GR Medical College Gwalior. Result And Discussion: The Mean Transverse And Anteroposterior Diameter Of Vertebral Body And The Spinal Canal Were Minimum In The L1 And Gradually Increases To L5 In Both The Sexes. The Parameters Are Used For The Measurement Of Spinal Index Of Jones And Canal Body Ratio. Conclusion: Study Shows Regional Variation In The Parameters Of Lumbar Vertebrae.

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[3] Elsberg CA, Dyke CG. The Diagnosis And Location Of Tu¬mors Of The Spinal Cord By Means Of Measurement Made On The X-Ray Films Of The Vertebrae And The Correlation Of The Clinical And X-Ray Findings. Bull Neurol Inst New York 1934; 3: 359-294.

[4] Christenson PC. The Radiological Study Of The Normal Spine. Radiol Clin North Am 1977: 15: 133 - 154.
[5] Gupta M, Bharihokev,Bhargava SK Et Al. Size Of The Vertebral Canal: A Correlative Study Of Measurements In Radiographs And Dried Bones. J Anat Soc India 1998; 47: 1-6

Abstract: Objective: The Present Study Is A Sincere Effort On Morphometric Study Of Kidney In Healthy Subjects Using Various Parameters (Length, Width, Cortical Thickness, Renal Size And Renal Volume) Of Right And Left Kidneys In Normal Subjects Without Any Known Renal Diseases In Relation To Height, Weight, And Body Mass Index.Design & Setting: The Ultrasonographic Measurement Of Kidneys Were Taken In 67 Healthy Persons Aged 15-80 Years And Screened For Renal Dimensions In Healthy Subjects In The Department Of Radiology At Sri Venkateswara Institute Of Medical Sciences And Hospital, Tirupati. Comparative Analysis Of Mean Values Of All Renal Parameters Between Right And Left Kidney, Males And Females, And With Age, Height, Weight And Bmi Of The Subject.......

[1] Ablett Mj1, Coulthard A, Lee Re, Richardson Dl, Bellas T, Owen Jp, Keir Mj, Butler Tj, How Reliable Are Ultrasound Measurements Of Renal Length In Adults?. Br J Radiol. 1995 Oct;68(814):1087-9.
[2] Adeela Arooj, Jostinah Lam, Yeoh J.Wui, Eko Supriyanto, Comparison Of Renal Size Among Different Ethnicities. International Journal Of Biology And Biomedical Engineering, Issue 4, Volume 5, 2011.
[3] Ranjeet S. Rathore, Nisarg Mehta, Biju S. Pillai, Mohan P. Sam, Binu Upendran, And H. Krishnamoorthy, Variations In Renal Morphometry: A Hospital-Based Indian Study. Indian J Urol. 2016 Jan-Mar; 32(1): 61–64.
[4] Mário M. R. Fernandes, Carla C. S. Lemos, Guilherme S. Lopes, Eugenio P.Q. Madeira, Omar R. Santos, David Dorigo, Raquel Bregman. Normal Renal Dimensions In A Specific Population. International Braz J Urol Official Journal Of The Brazilian Society Of Urology, Vol. 28 (6): 510-515, November - December, 2002.
[5] Mujahid Raza, Amina Hameed, M Imran Khan Pakistan Institute Of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, Ultrasonographic Assessment Of Renal Size And Its Correlation With Body Mass Index In Adults Without Known Renal Disease. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2011; 23(3)..

Abstract: Genitourinary tuberculosis is not very uncommon but reports of isolated ovarian tuberculosis is rare. It can be easily misdiagnosed due to its presentation mimicking ovarian carcinoma. a 14 year old girl presented with pain abdomen, pelvic pain, abdominal distension and weight loss. Her USG abdomen showed ascites with normal adnexa but CECT abdomen showed bilateral ovarian masses. Serum CA-125 Level was elevated significantly. USG guided FNAC of the ovarian masses showed caseating mycobacterial inflammatory lesions positive for Acid Fast Bacilli with ZN Stain with no signs of malignancy. Antituberculosis treatment was started, with full resolution of her symptoms and a decrease in serum CA-125 Level. Isolated ovarian tuberculosis should be kept in mind while evaluating ovarian masses in young females of endemic zone. CA-125 is raised in both the conditions and radiological findings are mostly inconclusive. Early diagnosis and treatment of ovarian tuberculosis is vital for a young female of reproductive age group to prevent infertility..

Keywords: Ovarian Tuberculosis, Ovarian Carcinoma, CA-125

[1] World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Control Report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017.
[2] Tinelli A, Malavasi A, Vegara D,Martignago R,Nicolardi G,Tinelli R Et Al. Abdominopelvic Tuberculosis In Gynaecology: Laparoscopic And New Laboratory Findings
[3] Padubidri Vg, Daftary Sn. Shaw's Textbook Of Gynaecology. 16th Ed. New Delhi:Elsevier;2015.
[4] Jana N, Mukhopadhyay S, Dhali Gk. Pelvic Tuberculosis With Elevated Serum Ca125: A Diagnostic Dilemma. J Obstet Gynaecol 2007;27:217‑8.
[5] Pesut D, Stojsic J. Female Genital Tuberculosis – A Disease Seen Again In Europe. Vojnosanit Pregl 2007;64:855‑8

Abstract: Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is a therapeutic technique using a vacuum dressing to promote healing in acute or chronic wounds to evaluate the results and benefits obtained from the topical use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in patients with infected wounds. This was a retrospective study of 80 patients (mean age 45 years) with infected wounds treated using NPWT. The infected wounds were caused by trauma. The treatment system used was SIMEX 300 made by Simex medizintechnik Gmbh,Germany. applied to the wounds in continuous mode from 100 to 150 mmHg. The parameters related to the wounds (location, number of VAC changes, the size of the defects in the soft parts, and the evolution of the state of the wound), length of hospital stay, length of intravenous antibiotic therapy, and complications related to the use of this therapy were evaluated.........

Key words: Negative-pressure wound therapy, Wound healing, Wounds and injuries, Infection

[1]. Moody, Yasmeen (19 July 2001). "Advances in healing chronic wounds". The Ithaca Journal. Ithaca, NY. p. 10A.
[2]. Fogg, Erich (27 August 2009). "Best treatment of nonhealing and problematic wounds". Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants. 22 (8): 46, 48. doi:10.1097/01720610-200908000-00013. PMID 19725415.
[3]. Clifford R.P. Artmed; Porto Alegre: 2002. Fraturas expostas. Princípios AO do tratamento de fraturas; pp. 617–640.
[4]. McCallon S.K., Knight C.A., Valiulus J.P., Cunningham M.W., McCulloch J.M., Farinas L.P. Vacuum-assisted closure versus saline-moistened gauze in the healing of postoperative diabetic foot wounds. Ostomy Wound Manag. 2000;46(8):28–32. [PubMed]
[5]. Strecker W., Fleischmann W. Nécroses cutanées traumatiques et non traumatiques. Pansements sous vide. Appareil Locomoteur. 2007:1–5. [Article 15-068-A-10]

Abstract: Direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation frequently induces a cardiovascular stress response characterized by hypertension and tachycardia due to reflex sympathetic simulation. The response is transient occurring 30 seconds after intubation and lasting for less than 10 minutes2.Although the haemodynamic stress response is transient, and of little consequence in healthy individuals, it is hazardous to those with systemic hypertension, coronary artery disease, and cerebro vascular disease. Complications like myocardial ischaemia, infarction, left ventricular failure, arrhythmias, intracranial hemorrhage can occur due to this response.The major cause of the haemodynamic stress response is due to the stimulation of supraglottic area by the laryngoscope blade followed by additional stimulation contributed by tracheal tube placement.Till date the mainstay of attenuation of the haemodynamic stress response was done by using various drugs like local anesthetics, beta-blockers..........

[1]. Thomas EJ Healy,paul R Knight.Principles of airway management. In Wyle Churchill Davidson;Practice of anaesthesiology,7thedition,Arnold publishers2003;28;pp452-453
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[5]. Harold Ellis– ANATOMY FOR ANAESTHETISTS, CBE, MA, DM, FRCS, FACS (Hon ). ;p 17 – 37...

Abstract: In the era of good technology which is not lacking from our lives,weencounter with equipment/devices in our routine life, speciallyautomobile batteries, laptops,smartwatches and mobile phone batteries, which transform chemical energy to electrical injury. Today, mobile phone has become popular to everybody since it is convenient. As the use of mobile phone is increasing dramatically all over the world, accidents of burns and even fatal injuries caused by mobile phone explosion have been reported on the internet and in the scientific literature. About 40 cases of exploding batteries on Nokia phone have been reported- all were due to nonoriginal batteries being used[1].In the literature, there are mainly facial burns, neck and eye injuries due to mobile phone battery explosion. On the other hand, few examples of serious lower limb injury were also present.

Keywords:Mobile phone, explosion, Battery

[1]. http : //www.cell-phone-plans.net/blog/nokia/cell-phone-urban-legends-electrocution-while-charging-exploding-batteries-and-vampire-power /# ixzz1paGqcohV
[2]. Karabagli Y, Kose AA, Cetin C. Partial thickness burns caused by a spontaneously exploding mobile phone.Burns. 2006; 32: 922-4.
[3]. Ben D, Ma B, Liu L, Xia Z, Zhang W, Liu F. Unusual burns with combined injuries caused by mobile phone explosion: Watch out for the ―mini – bomb‖. J Burn Care Res. 2009 ;30: 1048.
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Abstract: Thyroid lesions are one of the common conditions encountered in clinical practice. Thyroid nodules are very frequent, with a number of studies showing an annual incidence rate of 4–8%. In thyroid the various pathological processes includes hyperplasia, benign and malignant neoplasms. Differentiating the benign and malignant lesions are important in the management of the patients. To compare conventional & Bethesda system of reporting in Thyroid lesions (TBSRTC) and study prospectively the diagnostic utility of TBSRTC at our institution and report the malignancy risk for FNA of thyroid lesions. The study was under taken in the department of Pathology,Osmania General Hospital, Afzalgunj, Hyderabad, During the period of June 2011to May2013.The study comprises of 535 patients..........

Key Words: Thyroid diseases, Bethesda system, Fine needle aspiration

[1]. Hajmanoochehri F, Rabiee E. FNAC accuracy in diagnosis of thyroid neoplasms considering all diagnostic categories of the Bethesda reporting system: A single-institute experience. J Cytol Indian Acad Cytol. 2015;32(4):238–43.
[2]. Muratli A, Erdogan N, Sevim S, Unal I, Akyuz S. Diagnostic efficacy and importance of fine-needle aspiration cytology of thyroid nodules. J Cytol Indian Acad Cytol. 2014;31(2):73–8.
[3]. Mazzaferri EL. Thyroid cancer in thyroid nodules: finding a needle in the haystack. Am J Med. 1992 Oct;93(4):359–62.
[4]. Bomeli SR, LeBeau SO, Ferris RL. Evaluation of a thyroid nodule. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2010;43(2):229–238, vii.
[5]. Lewis CM, Chang K-P, Pitman M, Faquin WC, Randolph GW. Thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy: variability in reporting. Thyroid Off J Am Thyroid Assoc. 2009 ;19(7):717–23...

Abstract: The computational cost in terms of computation time and memory utilization of various techniques in the development of face recognition applications is a major challenge. The fundamental properties of high dimension exhibited by face images leads to superfluous information that instigates computational burden in term of processing speed and memory usage.Support Vector Machine despite being a wonderful face recognition technique due its generalization capability and high theoretical background of classification accuracy consumes large amount of time and memory: a major setback in its implementation in real world applications. Consequently, a hybrid cultural algorithm is proposed to reduce the computational cost of SVM in face recognition applications. Cultural Algorithm optimises the parameter of SVM to lessen the computation requirement. The experimental results reveal that the proposed technique does not only improves the efficiency of SVM but also makes it less computationally expensive in terms of both computation time and memory utilization.

Keywords - Computation Cost, Cultural Algorithm, Culture Particle Swamp Optimization, Feature Selection, Support Vector Machine

[1]. E. O. Omidiora, A. O. Fakolujo, R. O. Ayeni and I. A. Adeyanju, Optimised Fisher Discriminant Analysis for Recognition of Faces Having Black Features. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 3 (7), 2008, 524-531.
[2]. A. S. Abdallah, A. L. Abbott and M. A. El-Nasr, A new face detection technique using 2D DCT and self-organizing feature map. In Proc. of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 21, 2007, 15-19.
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[4]. R. S. Babatunde, S. O. Olabiyisi, E. O. Omidiora and R. A. Ganiyu. Local Binary Pattern and Ant Colony Optimization Based Feature Dimensionality Reduction Technique for Face Recognition Systems. British Journal of Mathematics & Computer Science, 11(5), 2015, 1-11.
[5]. A. S. Tolba, A. H. El-Baz, and A. A. El-Harby. Face recognition: A literature review. International Journal of Signal Processing, 2(2), 2006, 88-103..

Abstract: Tuberculosis is the commonest opportunistic infection in HIV positive patient. This is a major challenge faced by HIV positive patient. This study was carried out at Medicine Department and ART Centre, VIMSAR, Burla to know the epidemiology and clinical profile of HIV and TB co-infection.This is anprospective study in which all adult patients attending to our hospital for period of one year with HIV-TB co infection are enrolled. There were 269 patients. The clinical parameters are studied after all detailed history and clinical examination. The diagnosis of Tuberculosis was made by relevant investigation like Sputum AFB, Chest X-ray, CSF Study, CT Scan, Pleural Fluid Study, Ascitic fluid study etc. Then the results were compiled.Majority of the patients out of 211 patient 74 (82.52%), were............

[1]. TB/HIV fact sheet 2016
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[4]. Jiang X, Lu H, Zhang Y, Zhou Z et al. A Cross- Sectional Study of HIV and Tuberculosis Co- infection Cases in Mainland China. Southern Medical Journal 2008, 9;914-7
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Abstract: we report our experience in a case of total hip arthroplasty with special regard to angle of cup position in patients with bilaterally ankylosed hips. A thirty five year old male, an engineer was diagnosed to have ankylosing spondylitis with bilateral chronic arthritis hip, with bilateral sacroilitis. patient was treated with uncemented total hip arthroplasty. Postoperatively patient had recurrent dislocation of the prosthesis twice and we concluded that the altered pelvic biomechanics in ankylosing spondylitis inturn modifies the version and inclination of prosthetic component causing recurrent dislocation of hip..

Keywords: bilaterally ankylosed hips, pelvic tilt, THA-acetabular cup position.

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Abstract: A lump in the abdomen has always held a fascination for the clinician. The challenge it offers in its diagnosis is not often surpassed by any other disease. Among the various quadrants of the abdomen, the right iliac fossa enjoys the pride of place as far as the incidence of mass per abdomen is concerned. The common conditions met with are appendicular mass, ileocecalKoch's, carcinoma caecum, iliac lymphadenitis, tubo-ovarian mass, etc. In this study some aspects like mode of presentation, relationship of a particular factor to a particular condition & some of the common conditions met within the right iliac fossa, were studied in detail which shows Appendicular pathology continues to be the most common cause for right iliac fossa mass. Appendicular mass is the most commonly encountered cases in this study constitutes 50% of cases. The main symptoms were pain abdomen, fever, impaired appetite and vomiting. Ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice in patients with right iliac fossa mass followed by CT scan abdomen, Barium meal follow through and colonoscopy.

Keywords: Appendicular mass, Right iliac fossa mass

[1]. Samraj A et.al. IntSurg .2017. A study on right iliac fossa Oct:4(10):3292- 3299
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Abstract: The purpose of this review article is to collect the published data concerning factors affecting Osseointegration in smokers. Osseointegration refers to a direct structural and functional connection between bone & implant. smoking is a significant factor in the failure of dental implants.Smoking leads to an increased incidence of non-union, lower bone density and increased time to union in fracture healing. An electronic search was undertaken in PubMed/Medline, Cochrane. Main search terms used as dental implants, smoking, tobacco. Eligibilitycriteriaincludedclinicalhumanstudies, eitherrandomizedor not.Cigarette smoking has a detrimental effect on bone quality around implant.The present review suggest that smoking was identified a significant risk factor for dental implant therapy & the insertion of dental implants in smokers affects the implant success rate as well as the marginal bone loss.

Keywords: Implant , Osseointegration , Smoking

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Abstract: Cardiac Arrhythmia is a condition in which the heart's normal rhythm is disrupted. The heart may beat too slowly, too quickly or with an irregular rhythm. Most arrhythmias are harmless, but some can be serious and potentially fatal. Disturbed heart rhythms can restrict blood being pumped around the body, which may cause damage to the brain, heart and other organs. Common causes of arrhythmia are stress, caffeine, tobacco, alcohol, diet pills and cough and cold medicines. Adverse drug reaction is defined as "an appreciably harmful or unpleasant reaction, resulting from an intervention related to the use of a medicinal product, which predicts hazard from future administration and warrants prevention or specific treatment, or alteration of the dosage regimen, or withdrawal of the product. "Materials and Methods:........

Keywords: Cardiac arrhythmias, adverse drug reaction, co- morbidity, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, supra ventricular tachycardia.

[1]. Elisabetta Poluzzi, Emanuel Raschi et al. [Pro-arrhythmic potential of oral anti-histamines (H1): Combing adverse event reports with drug utilization data across Europe] ©2015 poluzzi et al.
[2]. Evmorfia petropoulou, yalda jamshidi et al. [the genetics of pro arrhythmic adverse drug reactions] Br J Clin phamacol ©2013/77:4/618-625. DOI:10.1111/bcp.12208.
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[5]. Jagmeet P. Singh, W. Jackson hall et al. [factors influencing appropriated firing of implanted defibrillator for ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation] journal of american college of cardiology 2005; vol. 46, No.9, © 2005 ISSN 0735-1097/05..

Abstract: Tittle; Radiologically guided chest tube insertion with fibrinolytic instillation for loculated pleural effusion/empyema Background; The management of loculated pleural effusion and empyema by chest tube drainage usually fails because of thick viscous fluid and multiple pleural space loculations. The use of radiographic assisted chest tube drainage with intrapleural fibrinolytic agents facilitates pleural drainage and can obviate the need for more invasive surgical interventions in these types of effusions. Objectives; to evaluate the role of radiographic chest tube drainage with intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy with streptokinase as an adjunctive therapy in the management of loculative pleural effusion and empyema Material and methods; 40 patients of CPE and empyema were considered for radiographic assisted cchest tube drain with adjunctive intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy. Intrapleural, STK was adminstered 12-24 hourly in the dosage of 2,50000 IU in 100 ml of saline. The end points were volume of fluid drained and radiological resolution............

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