iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-8 ~ August-2018

Abstract: In this study, the mitochondrial efficiency and metabolic activity regulation of cancer cells were discussed, which revealed that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays the co-related role with the generate cancer cells. For inhibition of cytotoxic and facilitating tumorigenic signals, mechanism of ROS must be controlled. The molecules signal that was rich to nucleus plays key rules in regulating antioxidant genes by increased oxidative stress. ROS sensors have many proteins one of these proteins Protein kinase D1 (PKD1). In this survey, we focus on the effect of ROS to activate the PKD1 as well as pancreatic cancer progress..

Key words: cancer cells, reactive oxygen species, protein kinase D1, pancreatic cancer.

[1]. Wallace DC. Mitochondria and cancer: Warburg addressed. Cold Spring HarbSymp Quant Biol (2005) 70:363–74. doi:10.1101/sqb.2005.70.035
[2]. Liou GY, Storz P. Reactive oxygen species in cancer. Free Radic Res (2010) 44(5):479–96. doi:10.3109/10715761003667554
[3]. Storz P. KRas, ROS and the initiation of pancreatic cancer. Small GTPases (2017) 8(1):38–42. doi:10.1080/21541248.2016.1192714
[4]. Rozengurt E. Protein kinase D signaling: multiple biological functions in health and disease. Physiology (Bethesda) (2011) 26(1):23–33. doi:10.1152/ physiol.00037.2010 stimuli to the
[5]. Fu Y, Rubin CS. Protein kinase D: coupling extracellular regulation of cell physiology. EMBO Rep (2011) 12(8):785–96. doi:10.1038/ embor.2011.139..

Abstract: BACKGROUND Even though theoretically the use of plastic adhesive incise drapes are arguable, reports have been published regarding their usefulness in limiting bacteria around the surgical site and for preventing SSI are conflicting. In view of these controversies, and because their use is widespread, a systematic review of the possible usefulness of adhesive drapes is justified to guide clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who were posted for emergency and elective laparotomies, (Clean-contaminated and contaminated surgeries) over a period of one year between July 2016 and June 2017 in our institution. Total 62 patients were divided in to two groups. Group 1 had iodine impregnated incise drape applied and Group 2 had no drape and were assessed pre-operatively, intra as well as post-operatively followed for 30 days for SSI. Descriptive analysis was performed using the X2 or Fisher exact test or Student t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test as appropriate...

Key words: Surgical site infection, plastic adhesive incise drapes.

[1]. Horan TC, Gaynes RP, Martone WJ, Jarvis WR, Grace Emori T. CDC definitions of nosocomial surgical site infections, 1992: A modification of CDC definitions of surgical wound infections. Am J Infect Control. 1992 Oct 1;20(5):271–4.
[2]. Lilani SP, Jangale N, Chowdhary A, Daver GB. Surgical site infection in clean and clean-contaminated cases. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2005 Oct 1;23(4):249.
[3]. Lange-Asschenfeldt B, Marenbach D, Lang C, Patzelt A, Ulrich M, Maltusch A, et al. Distribution of bacteria in the epidermal layers and hair follicles of the human skin. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2011;24(6):305–11.
[4]. Dohmen PM, Konertz W. A review of current strategies to reduce intraoperative bacterial contamination of surgical wounds. GMS Krankenhaushygiene Interdiszip. 2007 Dec 28;2(2):Doc38.
[5]. Wilson SE. Microbial sealing: a new approach to reducing contamination. J Hosp Infect. 2008 Nov;70:11–4..

Abstract: Although epidural anesthesia is routinely practiced in all of the major clinical settings, accidental subdural and subarachnoid block still remains its poorly understood complication with its variable clinical presentation. Here, we are describing a 29 years old primigravida who was in labor after premature rupture of membranes .Patient was given lumbar epidural anesthesia following which she developed an episode of supraventricular tachycardia along with complete lower limb motor block and sensory block upto T4 after giving test dose of local anesthetic solution. An emergency caesarean section was performed. She was successfully managed. Hence, patients receiving epidural anesthesia should be closely observed for any such untoward complication.

Key words: Epidural, subdural and subarachnoid block

[1]. Agarwal D, Mohta M, Tyagi A, Sethi AK. Sub-dural Block and the Anaesthetist. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2010;38:20-26.
[2]. Dawkins, C.J.M. An analysis of complications of extradural & caudal block. Anesthesia 1969; 24: 554
[3]. J.Bertil Loftstrom & Matts. Bengtsson. Spinal (Intradural) and extradural analgesia. In: Nunn Utting Brown. Editor, General anesthesia, Fifth edition 1989; 1100.
[4]. S. Michael, M.N.Richmond and R.J.S.Birks, A comparison between open-end (single hole) & closed-end (three lateral holes) epidural catheters. Anesthesia 1989; 44: 578-580.
[5]. C.B.Collier and S.P.Gatt A new epidural catheter. Anesthesia 1993; 48: 803-806. 1..

Abstract: A maternal death is one of the most devastating events in obstetrics with widespread implications on both the family and the medical staff involved. Every woman goes through a risk for this sudden and unexpected event during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery. Maternal near miss case is defined as a woman who nearly died but survived a complication that occurred during pregnancy, childbirth or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy.1 In practical terms, women are considered near-miss cases when they survive life threatening conditions. Fortunately, most of the obstetrical complications can be prevented or managed provided a timely and proper intervention is taken..........

[1]. World Health Organization. Evaluating the quality of care for severe pregnancy complications - the WHO near- miss approach for maternal health. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
[2]. Ronsman C, Fillipi V. Reviewing severe maternal morbidity: learning from survivors from life threatening complications: reviewing deaths and complications to make pregnancy safer. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2004:103-24.
[3]. Pattinson RC, Buchmann E, Mantel G, Schoon M, Rees H. Can enquiries into severe acute maternal Morbidity acts as a surrogate maternal death enquiries? Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 2003; 110:889-93.

[4]. Say L, Souza JP, Pattison RC. Maternal near miss -towards a standard tool for monitoring quality of maternal health care. Best pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2009; 23:287-96.
[5]. Cochet L, Pattinson RC, Macdonald AP. Severe acute maternal morbidity and maternal death audit: a rapid diagnostic tool for evaluating maternal care. SAfr Med J. 2003;93:700-2..

Abstract: Our patient, a 32 years old male presented with chief complains of progressive bilateral hearing loss since last 8 months, burning and tingling sensation (paresthesia) in bilateral lower limbs and difficulty in walking gradually worsening since last 4 month. Clinical examination revealed loss of pain, temperature, fine touch, joint position and vibration sense in bilateral lower limbs below ankle. Deep tendon reflexes were absent, power and tone were maintained in all the limbs. Clinically, patient was diagnosed to have bilateral hearing loss with sensory neuropathy. Only positive history is of patient being a hypertensive since 4 years on tablet Telmisartan and a chronic alcoholism since 8 to 10 years in abstinence since 4 months. Nerve conduction study revealed predominantly sensory, lower limb.........

Key words: Alcoholism, Alcohol abuse, Peripheral Neuropathy, Alcoholic Neuropathy, Sensory-Neural Hearing loss.

[1]. Koike H, Mori K, Misu K, Hattori N, Ito H, Hirayama M, Sobue G. Painful alcoholic polyneuropathy with predominant small-fiber loss and normal thiamine status. Neurology 2001a; 56: 1727–32.
[2]. Koike H, Iijima M, Sugiura M, Mori K, Hattori N, Ito H, Hirayama M, Sobue G. Alcoholic neuropathy is clinicopathologically distinct from thiamine-deficiencyneuropathy. Ann Neurol 2003; 54: 19–29.
[3]. Bosch EP, Pelham RW, Rasool CG, Chatterjee A, Lash RW, Brown L, Munsat TL, Bradley WG. Animal models of alcoholic neuropathy: morphologic, electrophysiologic, andbiochemical findings. Muscle Nerve 1979; 2: 134–44.
[4]. Monforte R, Estruch R, Valls-Solé J, Nicolás J, Villalta J, Urbano-Marquez A. Autonomic and peripheralneuropathies in patients with chronic alcoholism. A dose-related toxic effect of alcohol. Arch Neurol 1995; 52:45–51.
[5]. Ribeiro, Sandra Beatriz Afonso, Jacob, Lilian Cassia Bornia, Alvarenga, Kátia de Freitas, Marques, Jair Mendes, Campêlo, Rafaela Mocellin, & Tschoeke, Samira Natacha. (2007). Auditory assessment of alcoholics in abstinence. Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia, 73(4), 452-462...

Abstract: INTRODUCTION Obstetrics is concerned with human reproduction and as such is always a subject of considerable contemporary relevance. Quantification of amniotic fluid is an important component of the biophysical profile in ultrasound evaluation of the fetal wellbeing, especially in the third trimester.1 Assessment of amniotic fluid volume at term is often included in antepartum care as a method of evaluating mode of delivery and fetal monitoring. Alterations in AFI have classically been considered as an indicator of fetal compromise. In the present study we have evaluated the relationship between amniotic fluid volume and maternal and perinatal outcome in low risk pregnancies.

[1]. Bhagat Megha, Chawla Indu. Correlation of Amniotic Fluid Index with perinatal outcome. The Journal of Obstetrics andGynecology of India. (Jan. To Feb. 2014) 64(1) : 32-35.
[2]. Magann F, Sanderson M, Martin M et al. The amniotic fluid index, single deepest pocket and two-diameter pocket in normal pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 182: 1581-1588?
[3]. Cassey BM, MC Intire DD, Donald D, et al. Pregnancy outcome after diagnosis of oligohydramnios at or beyond 34 weeks of gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 182: 902-12?
[4]. Charu Jandia, Shashi Gupta, Sudha Sharma, Maju Gupta. Perinatal Outcome after antepartum diagnosis of oligohydramnios at or beyond 34 weeks of gestation, from the Department of Obstetric & Gynecology, Radio diagnosis, Govt. Medical College and J&K Health Services, Jammu, JK Science, Vol. 9 No. 4 Oct. - Dec. 2007.
[5]. Kahraman Ulker, Isa Aykut Ozdemi. The relation of Intrapartum Amniotic Fluid Index to Perinatal Outcomes., Kafkas J Med. Sci. 2011, 1(1):1-7.

Abstract: Biofilms are complex communities of single or multiple spp of microorganisms that develop on abiotic & biotic surfaces.Since biofilms contaminate catheters,ventilators & medical implants,they act as a source of disease in humans.They also represent a barrier of eradication as the physiological state of bacterial cells within biofilm confers high level resistance to antibacterial substance. In this study; >1 month urinary catheters in-situ have been selected as clinical samples due to their prompt availability with pre-formed biofilms on most of them. During evolution of biofilm increasingly resistant sub-populations appear with time. Drug sensitivity of planktonic form of a potential biofilm-producing organism is determined by minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)value, while minimum biofilm elimination concentration (MBEC) value denotes the drug concentration required to eliminate.........

Key words: Biofilm, quorum-sensing,N-acyl homoserine lactone, ppGpp, sigma factor, MIC,MBEC

[1]. Davies D, Understanding biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents.Nat. Rev. Drug Discov.,2003,2,114-22.
[2]. Perers,G.,Scheumacher-Perdeau., et al.Biology of Staphylococcous epidermidis.In:Pulverer,G.,Quie P.G. and Peters,G.(eds),Pathogenecity and clinical significance of coagulase-negative Staphylococci.Stuttgart:Gustav Fisher Verlag,1987,15-32.
[3]. Williams,P.,Camara,M. Et al Quorum sensing and the population dependant control of virulence.Philos trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci.,2000,355,667-80.
[4]. Smith,R.S., Harris,S.G., Phills,R., and Iglewski,B. et al.The pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing molecule N-(oxododecanoyl) hoserine lactone contributes to virulence and induces inflammation in vivo. J bacterial.,2002, 184, 1132-9.
[5]. Mah TFC, O'Toole.G.A. Mechanisms of biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents. Trends Microbiol., 2001;9:34-9..

Abstract: The desire of every woman contemplating motherhood is that her pregnancy culminates in a healthy offspring who will achieve the highest possible physical and mental potential. Towards achieving this goal it remains the obstetricians responsibility to reduce the well-recognized implications and consequences of intrauterine growth retardation by early diagnosis and management. Most of IUGR patients have oligohydramnios and accelerated placental maturity. Growth restricted fetuses have 4 – 8 fold increased risk of perinatal mortality andmorbidity as compared to appropriate weight foetuses1.........

[1]. Wolfe MH, Gross TL. Increased risk to the growth retarded fetusIn: Gross TL, Sokol RJ, eds. Intrauterine growth retardation: a practical approach: Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers. 1989; 111 – 24.
[2]. Voxman EG, Tran S, Wing DA low Amniotic fluid Index as a predictor of adverse perinatal outcome J perinatol. 2002; 22(4): 282 – 285. Doi: 10. 1038/Sj. JP. 7210697.
[3]. Perinatal outcome and Amniotic fluid index in the antepartum and intrapartum periods. A metaanalysisChauhan SP, Sanderson M, Hendix NW, Magann EF, Devoe LD. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999 Dec; 181(6): 1473 – 8.

[4]. Morris, J.M; Thompson, K.; Smithey. J; Gaffney.G; Cooke, I; Chamberlain.P; Hope.P; Altman.D; MackenZie, I.Z. May 2004 – Volume 59 – Issue 5 – p 325 – 326.
[5]. Locatelli A, et al. Arch GynecolObstet 2004. Perinatal outcome associated with oligohydramnios in uncomplicated term pregnancies..

Abstract: Introduction: The purpose of endodontic treatment is cleaning and shaping the root canal system, but despite the technological advances, failures can occur. On this, non-surgical endodontic retreatment is the first option for solving the problem. Materials and methods: Twenty human mandibular incisors were instrumented with the Pro Design S system up to instrument 25.06 and filled with AHPlus (Dentisply / Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) cement using the single cone technique. The teeth were divided into two groups (n = 10) according to the instrument used for the retreatment. Group 1: Pro Design S 25.08 (PDS) and group 2: Reciproc 25.08 (REC). A master in endodontics prepared the teeth. The analysis of the remaining filling material was made by cone beam computed tomography..........

Keywords:Root Canal retreatment. Dentistry. Computed tomography

[1]. Yilmaz F; Koç C; Kamburoglu K et al. Evaluation of 3 different retreatment techniques in maxillary molar teeth by using micro-computed tomography. J Endod 2018;44:480-4.
[2]. EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF ENDODONTOLOGY. Quality guidelines for endodontic treatment: consensus report of the European Society of Endodontology. Int Endod J 2006; Dec;39(12):921-30
[3]. Giuliani V; Cochetti R; Pagavino G. Efficaccy of protaper universal retreatment files in removing filling materials during root canal retreatment.JEndod 2008; 34(11):1381–1384.
[4]. Lopes HP; Siqueira Junior JF. Endodontia: Biologia e Técnica. 2. ed. Guanabara Koogan. Rio de Janeiro. 2004.
[5]. Song M; Kim HC; Lee W et al. Analysis of the Cause of Failure in Nonsurgical Endodontic Treatment by Microscopic Inspection during Endodontic Microsurgery. J Endod 2011;37(11):1516-19.

Abstract: Choroid plexus tumors are rare intracranial tumors which account for only 0.4-0.6 % of all brain tumors. These are intraventricular papillary neoplasm derived from choroid plexus epithelium and range from choroid plexus papilloma[World Health Organisation(WHO) grade I] to choroid plexus carcinoma (WHO grade III). Choroid plexus papilloma (CPP) is a rare, benign neoplasm, relatively more common in childhood. Sudden deaths have been reported, but are very unusual. Here we present a case of 21 year old male, brought for medico-legal autopsy examination on grounds of sudden death. He was reported to have headaches over a long period of time. On autopsy examination, diffuse subarachnoid haemorrhage was seen over bilateral cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum.........

Key Words: Choroid Plexus Papilloma,Sub-Arachnoid Haemorrhage, Intracranial Tumours,

[1]. Aguzzi A, BrandnerS, Paulus W. Choroid plexus tumours. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. Lyon:IARC PRESS;2000. Pathology and Genetics: Tumours of the Nervous System.In: Kleihues P, Cavenee WK editors ; pp. 84-6.
[2]. 2. Erman T, Gocer AL, Erdogan S, Tuna M, Ildan F, Zorludemir S. Choroid plexus papilloma of bilateral lateral ventricle. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2003; 145(2):139-43.
[3]. Jusue-Torres I, Ortega-Zufiria JM, Tamarit-Degenhardt M, Poveda-Nunez PD. Atypical choroid plexus papilloma in adults: case report and literature review. Neurocirugia(Astur). 2012 May ;23(3):116-21.
[4]. Lantos PL. Oxford textbook of Pathology. Vol II. Ed.Oxford University Press; 1992. The Nervous System.In: James O'D McGee, Peter G. Isaacson, Nicholas A Wright editors; pp.1890.
[5]. Sethi D, Arora R, Garg K, Tanwar P. Choroid plexus papilloma.Asian J Neurosurg2017;12(1).139-141.

Abstract: Obtaining predictable outcomes with optimal success following the planned removal of a natural tooth with periodontal or endodontic complications depends on many factors that, oncerecognized, guide the implant team in selecting the surgical and prosthetic treatment options best suited for the patient. This article presents information regarding the use of more than one novel technique to enhance the immediate implantation, such asa traumatic extraction procedure before immediate implantation in addition to using a decision chart for reasonable extraction.

Keywords: immediate implant, esthetic zone, extraction

[1]. SchroppL，WenzelA，Kostopoulos L et a1．Bone healing and soft tissue contour changes following single tooth extraction, a clinical and radiographic 12 month prospective study．Int J Perio Rest Dent 200323：313-323．
[2]. Avila G, Galindo-Moreno P, Soehren S, et al. A Novel Decision-Making Process,Decision Chart. JPeri 2009; 80: 213- 219.
[3]. Buser D ，Martin WC，BelserUC．Surgical considerations with regard to singletooth replacements in the estheticzone. Quintessence 2007; (1): 26—37.
[4]. Lixin XU, Ding Y, Chaofeng L, weipeng J. The Use of advance Platelet-Rich Fibrin during Immediate Implantation for the Esthetic Replacement of Maxillary Anterior Segment with Chronic Apical Lesion. Int J Scie Research 2012; 3.358.
[5]. BuserD，ChenST，WeberHP，et a1．Early implant placemat following single tooth extraction in esthetic zone t biologic rationale and surgical procedures．Int J PeriResto Dent 2008;28：441-451.

Abstract: Objective: To find out various causes and their clinical presentations of seizures at different pediatric age groups and to analyze whether clinical and etiological correlation which provides a means to identify seizures that have similar pathophysiological features and to determine the effective medications for specific seizure types and to known the incidence of seizures. Method: A prospective, descriptive, analytical, cohort study was conducted with a total of 150 patients of 18 years and younger who presented to the Pediatrics emergency department (PED) with the complaints of seizures formed the study population in RIMS Hospital, Kadapa. It was done during a period of August 2017 to January 2018. Results: Incidence of seizures among total pediatric admissions (TPA.........

Key Words: Seizures, etiology, correlation, treatment outcome.

[1]. BATE L, GARDINER M. Genetics of inherited epilepsies. Epileptic Disord 1999; 1:7. 186-9.
[2]. HAUSER WA, ANNEGERS JF, KURLAND LT. Prevalence of epilepsy in Rochester, Minnesota: 1940-1980. Epilepsia 1991; 32:429.
[3]. OKA E, OHTSUKA Y, YOSHINAGA H, ET AL. Prevalence of childhood epilepsy and distribution of epileptic syndromes: a population-based survey in Okayama, Japan. Epilepsia 2006; 47:626.
[4]. MANI KS. Global campaign against epilepsy. Agenda for IEA/IES. Neurol India 1998; 1-4.
[5]. SHORVON SD, FARMER PJ. Epilepsy in developing countries: A review of epidemiological, socio- cultural and treatment aspects. Epilepsia 1988; 29:36-54..

Abstract: Introduction: Radical Nephrectomy was the gold standard for Renal tumours . For small tumours , tumours less than 7 cms Partial nephrectomy or Nephron sparing surgery is becoming the desired option now. After the pioneering work of Puielvert, Czerny, Andrew Novick, Inderbir Gill and many authors, NSS was very simplified, feasible in all Centres. Materials and Methods: 25 Patients undergoing partial Nephrectomy and NSS for T1N0M0 renal tumours analysed from January 2010 to December 2015 were studied clinically, pathologically with Regular Followup. Results : The Mean age was 50±3.5 , Mean size of tumour was 3.5, main surgeries performed were: partial polar Nephrectomy 5 , transverse resection 6, wedge Resection 6, segmental resection 5. Techniques used were: clamp method with bulldog clamps with cooling..........

Key words: NSS- Nephron sparing surgery, open partial nephrectomy, tumour kidney.

[1]. Czerny H.E . Herczel E. uber nierenextirpation , Klin Chir 1890
[2]. Weaver AL, Leibovich , Blute ML NSS in ca between T1a and T1b , outcome is same as radical nephrectomy J of Urology 2004 171 1065 -68
[3]. Gill IS , Novick AC et al. Comparison of open nephrectomy and nss
[4]. Uzzo RG, Novick AC et al Journal of urology 2001 july 166(1) 6-18
[5]. Mandhani A, Aneesh Srivastava etal. Nephron sparing surgey : single institute experience. Indian journal of urology 2007.march 23(1) 23-25...

Abstract: Objective: We aimed to compare the effects of hyaluronic acid and collagenase on wound healing process of the rabbit ear cartilage tissue. Study Design: Experimental animal study. Methods: Eighteen New Zealand white male rabbits aged approximately 4 months and weighing from 2500 to 3000 g (mean 2800 g) were included in the experiments and randomly divided into three groups: control, hyaluronic acid and collagenase, each containing 6 rats. The wound was induced by scalpel and freer elevetor in both ears of each rabbit on which either hyaluronic acid, collagenase, or nothing(control group) was applied. Pathologic evaluations..........

Keywords: hyaluronic acid, collagenase, cartilage, ear, wound healing Level of Evidence: NA

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