iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-1 ~ January-2019

Abstract: CONTEXT Hemotoxic snake bite is associated with acute kidney injury in around two thirds of cases. Thisstudy is toestablish therelation betweenelevated CPK values with acute kidney injuryand reversibility with alkaline diuresisin snakebite patients of GovernmentRajajiHospital, Madurai. AIMOFTHESTUDY To establish the correlation between creatinine phosphokinase with hemotoxic snakebite and acute kidney injury.............

Keywords: Snake bite,creatinine phosphokinase(CPK),acute kidney injury(AKI)

[1]. Incidence of myonecrosis in Haemotoxic,Neurotoxic Snakebites and its correlation with acute renal failure, Dr.MGR medical University thesis submissions.
[2]. Hippokratio general hospital of Thessaloniki:Update of Acute kidney injury,intensive care nephrology
[3]. WHO snakebite guidelines..
[4]. Harrisons textbook of internal medicine...
[5]. ndicators of AKI and Snakebite...CMC vellore A journal entry in JAPI.

Abstract: Objectives: To analyse retrospectively the data of our patients, who were diagnosed and treated for branchial anomalies in our department. Materials and Methods: Retrospective descriptive study over a period of 1 year 6 months (April 2017 and Sept 2018), Total of patients included into this study were 25 who were assessed demographically in the department of ENT , Burdwan Medical College, Burdwan. Results:. Among all the branchial cleft anomalies, we encountered 3(12%) patients as first branchial anomalies, 20(80%) patients as second branchial anomalies.........

Key words: Branchial cys ; Branchial sinus; Branchial fistula

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[4]. C.A. LaRiviere, J.H. Waldhausen: Congenital cervical cysts, sinuses, and fistulae in pediatric surgery. Surg Clin N Am. 92 (3):583-5597 2012
[5]. Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund VJ, Niparko JK, et al. Cummings Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Frank Polizzano; 2010. p. 2585..

Abstract: Bone mineral density is measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Ideally, the bone density is measured in the spine, distal radius and hip with bone mineral density reported in terms of two absolute values: T-score (units of standard deviation compared with the density of a healthy 30-yearold) and Z-score (units of standard deviation compared with age and sex-matched control subjects). The World Health Organization has defined osteoporosis in terms of the T-score: osteoporosis is said to occur when the T-score is more than 2.5 standard deviations below the peak. A 1-point decrease in standard deviation in the T-score is associated with a 2.5-fold increased risk of a spine fracture. As the age rises the........

[1]. Madhuri V, Keerthi reddy M. Osteoporosis in postmenopausal Indian Women- A case control study. Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics 2010; 6:14-7
[2]. Hla MM, Davis HM, Ross PD, et al. Relation between body composition and biochemical markers of bone turnover among early postmenopausal women. J Clin Densitom 2000;3:365-71.
[3]. Shah RS, Savardekar L, Iddya U, et al. First Indian study on bone density measurement in Indian women – salient outcomes. Osteoporosis Alert 2004;1:3-4
[4]. Gandhi A, Shukla AR. Evaluation of BMD of women above 40 years of age. J Obstet Gynecol India 2005;55:265-7.
[5]. Pande KC, Johansen KB, Helboe AB. Digital X-ray radiogrammetry : establishment and comparison of Indian female and male normative reference data. J Bone Miner Res 2001;16:456..

Abstract: The purpose of the thisstudy was to evaluate the value of dual-phase multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) as a useful tool for assessing acute and chronic pancreatitis. Oedematous parenchyma, necrosis,peripancreatic inflammation and acute fluid collections are signs of acute pancreatitis on MDCT. Pancreaticparenchymal calcification, MPD dilatation and calculi, parenchymal atrophy, pseudocysts etc are features ofchronic pancreatitis on MDCT. CTSI was used to classify pancreatitis.According to our study MDCT is the imaging modality of choice in acute......... .

[1]. Dupuy DE, Costello P, Ecker CP: Spiral CT of the Pancreas. Radiology 1992jun;183(3):815-818
[2]. Shams J, Stein A, Cooperman: CT for pancreatic disease. Surgical clinics of North America 2001,Volume 81,No.2, 254-270
[3]. Bharwani N, Patel S, Prabhudesai S, Fotheringham T, Power N. Acute pancreatitis: The role of imaging in diagnosis and management. Clinical Radiology 2011;66:164-75.
[4]. O'Connor OJ, McWilliams S, Maher MM. Imaging of acute pancreatitis.AJR 2011;197:W221–W225.
[5]. Silverstein W, Isikoff MB, Hill MC, Barkin J. on Diagnostic imaging of acute pancreatitis: prospective study using CT and sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1981 Sep;137(3):497-502.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Automated hematology analyzers that determine the Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), Plateletcrit (PCT), Platelet Large Cell Ratio (P-LCR) which could be very helpful to facilitate the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia and to monitor thrombocytopenic conditions. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Deriving the cause of the thrombocytopenia by clinical and also by measuring the platelet indices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective observational study of 3,864 thrombocytopenic samples of hemogram analysis by automated haematology analyzers and Static analysis was done. RESULTS: Among the 3,864 cases....... .

Key Words: Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), Plateletcrit (PCT), Platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR).

[1]. Strau B G, Vollert C, Von Stackelberg A, Weimann A, Gaedicke G, Schulze H. Immature platelet count: A simple parameter for distinguishing thrombocytopenia in pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia from immune thrombocytopenia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;57:641–7.
[2]. Kaito K, Otsubo H, Usui N, Yoshida M, Tanno J, Kurihara E, et al. Platelet size deviation width, platelet large cell ratio, and mean platelet volume have sufficient sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2005;128:698–702.
[3]. Park Y, Schoene N, Harris W. Mean platelet volume as an indicator of platelet activation: methodological issues. Platelets 2002;13:301–6.
[4]. Giovanetti TV, do Nascimento AJ, de Paula JP. Platelet indices: laboratory and clinical applications. Rev Bras Hematol E Hemoter 2011; 33:164–5.
[5]. Borkataky S, Jain R, Gupta R, Singh S, Krishan G, Gupta K, et al. Role of platelet volume indices in the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia: a simple and inexpensive method. Hematology 2009;14:182–6..

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to determine the spectrum of diseases of admitted neonates in SNCU district hospital. Methods: Retrospective study was done at SNCU district hospital, Nalgonda. Data was obtained from SNCU online database for a period of a year. Data obtained included age, weight, sex, place of delivery, morbidity profile, diagnosis, and mortality profile. Categorical variables were tabulated. Results: A total of 958 neonates were recruited during the study period, 56.47% were males, and 43.53% were females. Majority of the neonates, 69.27% were delivered at SNCU Nalgonda, 30.8% were extramural neonates. The reasons for admission were prematurity (33.61%), birth asphyxia (24.11%), neonatal jaundice (16.16%), and respiratory distress syndrome (14.19%). Prematurity was the most common morbidity 33.61% in the admitted neonates........ .

Keywords: morbidity profile, district hospital, prematurity

[1]. Saini N, Chhabra S, Chhabra S, Garg L, Garg N. Pattern of neonatal morbidity and mortality: A prospective study in a District Hospital in Urban India. J Clin Neonatol 2016;5:183-8.
[2]. Ugwu GI. Pattern of morbidity and mortality in the newborn special care unit in a tertiary institution in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria: A two year prospective study. Glob Adv Res J Med Med Sci 2012;1:133-8.
[3]. Mahore RK, Dixit S, Sb B, et al. A study to assess the association of set - up being provided and beneficiary assessment of special care newborn units (SNCUs) of Indore and Ujjain divisions of M. P. at different levels. JEMDS. 2015;04(16):2664- 71.
[4]. Neogi SB, Malhotra S, Zodpey S, et al. Assessment of Special Care Newborn Units in India: J Health Popul, Nutr. 2011; 29(5):500-9.
[5]. Toma BO, Ige OO, Abok II, Onwuanaku C, Abah RO, et al. (2014) Pattern of neonatal admissions and outcome in a tertiary institution in north central Nigeria. J Med Trop 15: 121-125..

Abstract: Malaria is a protozoal disease transmitted by bite of female anopheles mosquitoes. Six species of genus plasmodium causes nearly all malarial infection in human which include P.falciparum, P.vivax, two morphologically identical sympatric species of P.ovale, P.malariae, and P.knowlesi. Out of which most deaths are caused by P.falciparum...........

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[4]. Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition,M/s Banarsidas Bhanot, publishers 1167,premnagar,jabalpur,482001(M.P) INDIA. chapter5 sec.III MALARIA p256.
[5]. http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/malaria-cases-on-decline-in-jharkhand.
[6]. Parasitology (protozoology and Helminthology) K.D.Chatterjee.Thirteenth edition.sectionI, chapter3, p114.

Abstract: Lingual orthodontics is more difficult and complex than labial orthodonticsfor several reasons, such as difficulties in bracket positioning, patient comfort,maintenance of oral hygiene,with increasing in the demand of orthodontic treatment in adults patients there is a demand of such brackets they shpuld not be visiable duering the course of treatment. Clinically improved laboratory techniques have overcome many of the difficulties that a previous generation of orthodontists encountered when first trying to embrace this innovative technique to correct malocclusions. This article provides a brief history of lingual orthodontics. It will discuss the development of the technique.

Key word – lingual orthodontics ,lingual braces

[1]. Hohoff A, et al. Comparison of the effect on oral discomfort of two positioning techniques with lingual brackets. The Angle Orthodontist. 2004;74:226-233.
[2]. Geron S. Class II non-extraction treatment with self ligating lingual brackets. Adult ling orthod. 2005;3.
[3]. Geron S. Self-ligating brackets in lingual orthodontics. Semin Orthod. 2008;14:64-72.
[4]. Wiechmann D, et al. Prediction of oral discomfort and dysfunction in lingual orthodontics: A preliminary report. Am J Orthod Dentofac. 2008;133:359-364.
[5]. Fillion D. Lingual straight wire treatment with the Orapix system. J Clin Orthod. 2011;45:488-497..

Abstract: Labor induction is a clinical intervention that has the potential to confer major benefits to the mother and newborn when continuation of pregnancy poses a risk or danger to the outcome of pregnancy. PROM occurs in approximately 5–10 % of all pregnancies, of which approximately 80 % occur at term (term PROM)1. Diagnosis and proper management is very important as it is implicated for various fetal and maternal complications generally due to infection. To avoid such a complication, labor is usually induced, once PROM is confirmed.This study was conducted at the department of Obstretics and Gynecology,RIMS ,RANCHI where 150 patients were studied who presented to labour emergency. Group A ,B,C respectively consisted of 50 patients who were induced with dinoprostone........ .

[1]. LARRANAGA-AZCARATE C, CAMPO-MOLINA G, Perez-Rodriguez AF, etal.ACTA OBSTRETICA2008: 87:195-200.DOI:10.1080/00016340701837421
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[3]. VARNER MW, GALASK RP: CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF PREMATURE RUPTURE OF THE MEMBRANES AM J OBSTET GYNECOL 1981; 140(1):39-45
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Abstract: An ectopic pregnancy is one in which the fertilised ovum becomes implanted in a site other than the normal uterine cavity. It is usually found in early pregnancy. To prevent unwanted pregnancy, emergency contraceptive used has been popular since the last two decades. It is seen to have 99% successful rate if taken within 72 hours after unprotected coitus and of which 1% is seen to have normal pregnancy or ectopic pregnancy. Hormonal contraceptive pills containing 750 microgram levonorgestrel are the most commonly used postcoital contraceptive method because of their high efficacy and fewer side effects. Early diagnosis and detail history collection/physical examination with early management has saved many maternal lives from unwanted risks, shocks, death etc.

Keywords: Ectopic, emergency contraceptive, human Chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG).

[1]. Dutta's. D.C. Textbook of obstetrics. 7 edition.
[2]. von Hertzen et al. Low dose mifepristone and two regimens of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception: a WHO multicentre randomised trial. Lancet. 2002;360:1803–10. [PubMed]
[3]. Randomised controlled trial of levonorgestrel versus the Yuzpe regimen of combined oral contraceptives for emergency contraception. Task Force on Postovulatory Methods of Fertility Regulation. Lancet. 1998;352:428–33. [PubMed]
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[5]. Marions L, Hultenby Ket all. Emergency contraception with mifepristone and levonorgestrel: mechanism of action. Obstet Gynecol. 2002;100:65–71. [PubMed].

Abstract: Background: Pulmonary involment in Rheumatoid arthritis is major health concern in the field of rheumatology. Evidence suggests one of commonest cause of mortality in RA. Objective: We found the abnormalities of pulmonary function test in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in tertiary care centre. Patients and Methods: This is a comparative, analytical, cross sectional, Institution- based, single centre study.We included all adult willing patients of Rheumatoid arthritis (age >18) and selected them based on 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria. Severity was assessed by number of joints involve in both upper & lower limb, along with ESR, CRP, Anti CCP level. Pulmonary function tests were performed on RA patients with or without abnormal HRCT patterns using a standard...... .

Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis, Pulmonary Function Test, Pulmonary involment

[1]. EmeryP(1994)TheRocheRheumatologyPrizeLecture..........

Abstract: Ascites is the most common complication of cirrhosis. Ascitic fluid can become infected without any apparent intra-abdominal source of infection, a condition called Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in 200 patients of chronic liver disease with ascites admitted in the Department of Medicine, RIMS, Imphal between September 2016 and August 2018, to find the prevalence and clinico-microbiological profile of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. All patients underwent diagnostic paracentesis after giving consent. 42 out of 200 patients, i.e. 21% were found to have SBP, out of which 2 (5%) were female and 40 (95%) were male. 35 (83.33%) patients had Culture Negative Neutrocytic ascites (CNNA), 6 (14.28%) had Classical SBP and 1 ........ .

Keywords: Ascites, Cirrhosis, Escherichia coli, Paracentesis, Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

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Abstract: Aim: To assess the effect of various retreatment file systems on apical debris extrusion. Material & method: Extracted human maxillary premolars were biomechanically prepared and obturated with gutta percha. They were divided into four groups according to the retreatment file used: Group 1 –M two, Group 2 - Hyflex, Group 3 – Neoniti & Group 4 - Protaper retreatment. The gutta percha was removed and extruded debris were collected. The amount of apically extruded debris by different retreatment rotary file systems obtained from the experimental groups was calculated. The arithmetic mean & standard deviations were calculated for intra &......... .

[1]. B€urklein S, Benten S, Sch€aferE. Quantitative evaluation of apically extruded debris with different single-file systems:Reciproc, F360 and OneShape versus Mtwo. Int Endodon J 2014; 47: 405–409.
[2]. Madhusudhana K, Mathew VBV, Reddy NM. Apical extrusion of debris and irrigants using hand and three rotary instrumentation systems- An in vitro study. Contemp Clin Dent 2010; 1(4): 234–236.
[3]. Ghivari B, Kubasad GC. Apical extrusion of debris and irrigant using two rotary systems –a comparative study. Arch Oral Sci Res 2011;1(4):185-189.
[4]. Garlapati R, Venigalla BS, Patil JD, Raju RVSC, Rammohan C. Quantitative evaluation of apical extrusion of intracanal bacteria using K3, Mtwo, RaCe and protaper rotary systems: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2013;16(4):300-3.
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Abstract: Biomimetics is the study of the formation, structure, or function of biologically produced substances and materials and biological mechanisms and processes especially for the purpose of synthesizing similar products by artificial mechanisms which mimic natural ones. It is a challenge to design and fabricate new biomimetic materials like enamel, dentin, cementum, pulp, bone and periodontal ligament. Biomimetics provide new strategy that translates our knowledge of biological system and create new synthetic pathways to mimic biological processes. Three approaches are being used for the creation of new tissues by mimicking natural ones which includes the tissue engineering triad; the Cells, Mediators and a biocompatible matrix.

[1]. Salonen JI, Arjasmaa M, Tuominen U, Behbehani MJ, Zaatar EI. Bioactive glass in dentistry. J Minim Interv Dent 2009;2(4):208-19.

[2]. Slavkin HC. Biomimetics: Replacing body parts is no longer science fiction. J Am Dent Assoc 1996;127(8):1254-7.
[3]. Okuda WH. A minimal intervention approach to esthetic restorative treatment with direct resins. Inside dentistry 2005;1:2.
[4]. Zehnder M, Soderling E, Salonen J, Waltimo T. Prelimnary evaluation of bioactive glass S53P4 as an endodontic medication in vitro. J Endod 2004;30(4):220-4.

[5]. Xie D, Zhao J, Weng Y, Park JG, Jiang H, Platt JA. Bioactive glass-ionomer cement with potential therapeutic function to dentin capping mineralization. Eur J Oral Sci 2008;116(5):479-87.

Abstract: Estimating the awareness levels of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) among health care providers is currently active area of research. This study main objective is to evaluate the medical staff awareness about Evidence-Based Practice and its constitutes , tools and resources at Saudi General Tertiary Hospitals. The study was carried out at King Saud Medical City (KSMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The research main data were collected predominantly using a cross-sectional survey questionnaire. The research results showed that showed that majority of participants have a good understanding of the term EBP (59.7%) ,while having a vague idea (34.7%) and with No idea are only (5.6%). Although of a high percentage of the participants realize the concept of EBP.......

Keywords-Evidence based practice in clinical practice, Evidence based medicine & Dentistry; Saudi health System.

[1]. Mallika Kishore, Sunil R. Panat, Ashish Aggarwal, Nupur Agarwal, Nitin Upadhyay, and Abhijeet Alok;" Evidence Based Dental Care: Integrating Clinical Expertise with Systematic Research"; J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Feb; 8(2): 259–262.
[2]. Lang LA, Teich ST. A critical appraisal of evidence-based dentistry: The best available evidence. J Prosthet Dent 2014; 111: 485-492.
[3]. Cheryl L. Straub-Morarend; Teresa A. Marshall; David C. Holmes; Michael W. Finkelstein. Toward Defining Dentists' Evidence-Based Practice: Influence of Decade of Dental School Graduation and Scope of Practice on Implementation and Perceived Obstacles, Journal of Dental Education 2013; 77(2): 137-45
[4]. White B. Making evidence-based medicine doable in everyday practice. Fam Pract Manag 2004; 11: 51-58.
[5]. Rabb-Waytowich D. You ask, we answer: Evidence-based dentistry: Part 1. an over-view. J Can Dent Assoc 2009; 75: 27-28..