iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2020

Abstract: Background & Objective: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies in clinical practice. A quick diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis results in marked decrease in morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of acute appendicitis is essentially made on a patient history and examination, but a clinical suspicion alone can lead to removal of a normal appendix in 15-30% of cases. Ultrasound is operator dependent and often misses or over-diagnoses the condition. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan is the investigation of choice with high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis but is expensive and not available at all centers in odd hours, particularly in developing countries like India. A number of scoring systems have been used for aiding in early diagnosis of acute appendicitis and its prompt management of which Alvarado score is the most popular. The accuracy of Alvarado score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis is disappointingly low in Asian population and RIPASA scoring has been designed for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the Asian population. So, we prospectively applied and compare Alvarado and RIPASA score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in Indian population.

Key words:- Alvarado, Acute appendicitis, RIPASA, Indian Population

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Abstract: Background: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection in the general population and can affect the unborn baby of contracted by a pregnant woman.(1) Syphilis is caused by Trepanema Pallidium. It is spread through unprotected sex, close contact with active lesion or through infected mother to her baby during pregnancy or childbirth resulting into congenital syphilis.(2)Syphilis continues to cause child mortality including still births and preterm deliveries.Uganda being one of the endemic area, there is need to document the prevalence and awareness of the effects of the disease in this part of Uganda.The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and knowledge perception of syphilis in pregnant mothers attending antenatal clinic at Kyegegwa health Centre......

Key Word:Syphilis, Rapid Plasma Reagin test, Treponema Pallidum haemaglutination test

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Abstract: Arrhenoblastoma of the ovary is a rare functioning ovarian neoplasm which occurs chiefly in young, previously normal women of childbearing age. It is usually associated with clinical evidence of defeminization and virilization. The name 'Arrhenoblastoma' was applied by Robert Mayer in 1930 to rare ovarian tumours accompanied by signs of masculinization.In 1965, Novak and Long reviewed all authentic cases of arrhenoblastoma collected from Ovarian Tumour Registry. Since then sporadic reports have been appearing in the literature. Removal of the tumour usually checks the masculinization and is followed by a return of feminity. Herein, we report a case of a 31-year-old female.....

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Abstract: Introduction : Congenital disorders of biliary tract are broadly classified into biliary atresia, fibropolycystic diseases, aberrant biliary ducts, aberrant cystic duct insertions. Choledochal cysts (CCs) are rare and are uncommon congenital anomalies of bile ducts, which are cystic dilatations of any portion of the bile ducts, mostly in the main portion .The aim is to study clinical and histopathological features correlating with the imaging findings and to Classify based on radiological findings and assess complications if present. Materials and methods: This is an observational study which was conducted, in the Department of pathology at Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh from July 2009 to June 2018. A total of 33subjects (both male and females) were included in this study.....

Keywords: choledochal cysts, complications,imaging techniques,todani classification

[1]. Surgical Pathology of G.I Tract, third edition, Odze & Goldbum
[2]. To Study the Clinicopathological Status, Role of Various Diagnostic and Treatment Modalities and Outcome of Patients with Choledochal Cyst in Kashmir Valley, Shakir Rashid etal ,International Journal of Health Sciences and Research.
[3]. Choledochal cyst: A review of 79 cases and the role of hepaticodochoduodenostomy, Mukhopadyay etal
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[5]. Choledochal Cysts: Etiopathogenesis, Presentation, Management, and Outcome—Case Series and Review, Pradeep etal

Abstract: Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a major cause of death throughout the developed world. It is associated with tobacco chewing, paan chewing and alcohol consumption. Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 has also been suggested to play a role in etiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). p16 expression is now being used as a surrogate marker for HPV infection in squamous cell carcinoma. Overexpression or mutation of EGFR is found in 80-100% of the patients with HNSCC, and is associated with poor prognosis and decreased survival. Materials and Methods: In this Cross.....

Key Words: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human papillomavirus, immunohistochemistry, p16, EGFR.

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Abstract: Background: Worldwide obesity has nearly tripled since 1975. Childhood obesity is one of the serious public health challenges of the 21st century. About 5.74 percent to 8.82 percent of schoolchildren in India are obese. Studies in rural India showed that prevalence of overweight/obese adolescent varied from 7.44% to 13.16%. Globally, there has been an increased intake of energy-dense foods and a decrease in physical activity Obesity/overweight is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases and some cancers. So the study was planned to find out the prevalence of obesity and related lifestyle behaviour among the adolescents. Materials and Methods....

Key Word: Obesity, lifestyle, adolescent, students, rural,

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Abstract: Paget's disease is one of the causes of eczematous lesion of the nipple1. It is associated with an underlying lesion which may range from Ductal Carcinoma In Situ to invasive breast carcinoma2.Understanding the pathology helps in planning the further surgical management1.

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Abstract: Introduction: Great variation observed in family environment among male and female schizophrenic patient in clinical practice.Detail understanding about family environment is very much crucial for family intervention. On the other hand, it has a tremendous effect on disease course and prognosis. Materials and Methods: Caregivers of 30 male and 30 female patients with schizophrenia are selected. Family Environment Scale is used to assess the family environment of patient's family. Pearson Chi squire, Fisher Exact test and t-test were calculated to assess the group differences on demographic characteristic between male and female caregivers of persons with schizophrenia. Result: It shows that there was statistical significant difference (p<0.05) in between two groups in domains of Family Environment scale.

Key words: Family environment, schizophrenia, care giver

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Abstract: Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism both are known to have cutaneous manifestations. The cutaneous manifestations associated with hypothyroidism are protean as well as varied in nature. Whatever its cause— iodine deficiency, autoimmune disease, treatment of hyperthyroidism or medications—the skin signs of inadequate thyroid hormone are similar. Fifty eight cases of hypothyroidism constituted the subject material for the study and the skin lesions have been recorded after a detailed history and clinical examination. Out of 58 patients 53 were females and 5 were males. Xerosis......

Keywords: cutaneous manifestations, hypothyroidism, puffy oedema, xerosis

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Abstract: La tuberculose hépatique représente une entité rare de la tuberculose extra pulmonaire en particulier dans sa forme isolée, son diagnostic est difficile à établir, car elle simule de nombreuses pathologies. Le pronostic est favorable dans la majorité des cassous traitement bacillaire. Cas clinique:Nous présentons un cas de tuberculose hépatique isoléerévélé par un syndrome fébrile et douleur de l'hypochondre droit et AEG, avec à l'imagerie des lésions multi nodulaire évoquant un foie secondaire. La biopsie hépatique a révélé une hépatite granulomateuse sans nécrose caséeuse, le diagnostic de tuberculose devant la forte présomption après un bilan étiologique négatif, l'évolution sous TTT anti bacillaire a été favorable avec disparition des lésions radiologiques après 6mois.....

Keywords :tuberculose hépatique, granulome hépatique

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Abstract: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the minimally invasive treatment modality for complex kidney calculi and considered as the standard treatment for large and complex renal stones. New predictive tools have recently emerged to systematically and quantitatively assess kidney stone complexity to predict outcomes following PCNL. Aims and objective: To prospectively evaluate the ability of 'stone nephrolithometry score in predicting stone clearance rate and complications rate by modified clavien classification ( within 30 days of the procedure). Materials and Methods: A Prospective observational study done in the duration from January 2017 to June 2018. All patients having renal stone admitted for PCNL in Urology department, of a tertiary care hospital in eastern part of India.....

Key words: STONE NEPHROMETRY SCORE , PCNL, Modified Clavien, Dindo

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[5]. Authors Okhunov, Zhamshid (New Hyde Park, NY); Lesser, Martin; Friedlander, Justin; Duty, Brian; George, Arvin; Shrinivasan, Arun; Smith,Arthur; Okeke, Zeph.NEPHROLITHOMETRY: A NOVEL SURGICALCLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR RENAL STONES.