iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2020

Abstract:Background Emergency care is an integral part of any discipline of clinical medicine. ENT emergencies are common among all communities and their early diagnosis and management will help in reducing the morbidity and mortality. As the horizons of otorhinolaryngology are widening, management of patients with protocol based quality care becomes prime priority. Otorhinolaryngologic emergencies included are 1.Foreign bodies of aero-digestive tract 2.Deep neck space infections 3.Stridor 4.Epistaxis 5.Laryngo-tracheal trauma. Materials And Methods In this study, 200 cases presenting to the Government General Hospital, Kakinada with symptoms and signs which were concerned with otorhinolaryngologic....

Keywords: DNSI ( Deep neck space infections),, LTT ( Laryngotracheal trauma ), ADFB ( Aero digestive tract foreign bodies ),FB ( Foreign bodies )

[1]. Gilyoma and Chalya: Endoscopic procedures for removal of foreign bodies of the aerodigestive tract: The Bugando Medical Centre experience. BMC Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders 2011 11:2.
[2]. H. Rodrı ´guez Et al./International Journal Of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 76S(2012) S84–S91
[3]. H.-H. Lin et al./ Emergency endoscopic management of dietary foreign bodies in the esophagus: American Journal of Emergency Medicine (2007) 25, 662 – 665.
[4]. Holinger: Sharp & Penetrating Foreign Bodies: Ann OtolRhlnolLaryngol 99:1990,684-688
[5]. Digoy : Diagnosis and Management of Upper Aerodigestive Tract Foreign Bodies: Otolaryngol Clin N Am 41 (2008) 485–496.

Abstract: Purpose: To study the clinical profile of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia and its surgical outcomes. Study design: Retrospective and prospective, observational study Results: We included 36 eyes of 36 patients who histopathologically diagnosed as Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia after excisional biopsy. Most of the patients in our study belongs to age group of 41-60 years (mean age 54.31 year for male and 52.4 year for female). Left eye was involved in 61% of patients (p value >0.05). Nasal quadrant was involved most commonly followed by temporal quadrant. Tumor epicentre was located at limbus in most of the patients (44%). Most common symptomatic presentation was mass growth followed by redness. We performed excision followed by cryotherapy.....

Key words: OSSN, Squamous cell carcinoma, Carcinoma in situ

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[2]. Saurabh Kamal, Swathi Kaliki, Dilip K. Mishra, Jyoti Batra, Milind N. Naik. Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in 200 Patients, Ophthalmology 2015;122:1688-1694.
[3]. Sheetal Chauhan, Seema Sen, Anjana Sharma, Lalit Dar, Seema Kashyap, Pankaj Kumar, Mandeep Singh Bajaj, Radhika Tandon. Human papillomavirus: a predictor of better survival in ocular surface squamous neoplasia patients. Br J Ophthalmol, 2012;96:1517–1521.
[4]. Shields CL, Demirci H, Karatza E, Shields JA. Clinical survey of 1643 melanocytic and nonmelanocytic conjunctival tumors. Ophthalmology 2004;111:1747-54.
[5]. Shields CL, Naseripour M, Shields JA. Topical mitomycin C for extensive, recurrent conjunctival-corneal squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Ophthalmol 2002;133:601-6.

Abstract: Background: PTFE is an anti-adherent and aesthetic material. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the influence of PTFE coating on the biofilm formation between Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coated denture resin surfaces and uncoated denture resin surfaces. Materials and Methods: Two groups were tested [Group 1: control, pure polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA); Group 2: modified PMMA with PTFE coating. Thirty resin specimens for each group were polymerized, and four experimental subgroups for each surface type were devised, consisting of 2 and 4 days of incubation in C. albicans suspension. After incubation one set for sample was taken for colony counting whereas other set was used for crystal violet staining and UV spectrophotometer assay. Results: At day 2, the PTFE coated resin......

Key Word: Biofilm formation, Polytetrafluoroethylene coating

[1]. Dhir G, BerzinsDW, Dhuru VB, Periathamby AR, Dentino A. 2007. Physical properties of denture base resins potentially resistant to Candida adhesion. J Prosthodont. 16:465–472.
[2]. Lazarin AA, Zamperini CA, Vergani CE, Wady AF, Giampaolo ET, Machado AL. 2012. Candida albicans adherence to an acrylic resin modified by experimental photopolymerised coatings: an in vitro study. Gerodontology. 30. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2012.00688.x.
[3]. Gomes PN, da Silva WJ, Pousa CC, Narvaes EA, Del Bel Cury AA. 2011. Bioactivity and cellular structure of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata biofilms grown in the presence of fluconazole. Arch Oral Biol. 56:1274–1281.
[4]. Hahnel S, Rosentritt M, Bürgers R, Handel G, Lang R. 2012. Candida albicans biofilm formation on soft denture liners and efficacy of cleaning protocols. Gerodontology. 29: 383–391.
[5]. Millsap KW, Bos R, van der Mei HC, BusscherHJ. 1999. Adhesion and surface-aggregation of Candida albicansfrom saliva on acrylic surfaces with adhering bacteria as studied in a parallel plate flow chamber. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 75:351–359.
[6]. Tylenda CA, Larsen J, YehCK, Lane HC, Fox PC. 1989. High levels of oral yeasts in early HIV-1 infection. J Oral Pathol Med. 18:520–524.

Abstract: Introduction:- Recent Studies have uncovered anticoagulative, anti-inflammatory and neoangiogonic properties of glycosaminoglycans. Heparin is most sulfated and acidic GAG that has been recently used in burn patients. Material & Methods: It is a Study of 50 consecutive thermal burn patients and admitted during period of 2 years. Burns Percentage were in range of 15-40 % and age group 15-50 Yrs. Results: Pain Relief was more in Patient taking topical heparin therapy. There was significant reduction in use of intravenous fluid administration alongwith faster wound healing. Average Duration of hospital Stay in heparin group was less than control group. Conclusion:- There is Significant improvement in clinical Outcome in the treatment of burn patients with topical heparin.

Keywords: Topical heparin, Thermal burn, case and control group

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Abstract: To study the epidemiology and outcome of pregnancy complicated by obstetric cholestasis (OC) in Goa Medical College. Methods(s): Prospective case series of 50 women with OC at Goa Medical College, a tertiary government teaching hospitalfrom August 2018 to September 2019. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant using z test. Results: The incidence of OC was 1.53%. The most common symptom was generalized pruritus which appeared after 28 weeks in 88%of cases. A higher incidence of meconium staining in amniotic fluid at delivery (20% vs 8%, p<0.01) and preterm premature rupture of membranes (10% vs 1%, p<0.01) was noted with a significant increase in preterm delivery rate....

[1]. Kenyon AP, Girling JC, Obstetric cholestasis. In, Studd J. (Editor), Progress in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Edin- burgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2005;37-56.
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Abstract: Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR‑TB) is a global health problem with notoriously tricky and challenging treatment. In 2012, the Food and Drug Administration approved the use of bedaquiline fumarate as part of combination therapy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB). The use of bedaquiline in MDR and XDR TB treatment regimens appears to be effective and safe across different settings, although the certainty of the evidence assessed was very low.
Aim: To determine outcomes of bedaquiline Treatment in Patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Materials and methods: It is a prospective study conducted in Nodal DR-TB center, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Guntur Medical College, Guntur. 60 cases of pre-XDR and XDR TB are treated with bedaquiline for 6 months as part of an anti-TB regimen......

Keywords: Bedaquiline, pre-XDR TB, XDR TB, CBNAAT, LPA, Lost to follow up after treatment, outcome, safety, adverse effects.

[1]. World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2015. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2015.
[2]. Orenstein EW, Basu S, Shah NS, et al. Treatment outcomes among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2009; 9: 153–161.
[3]. Bonnet M, Bastard M, du Cros P, et al. Identification of patients who could benefit from bedaquiline or delamanid: a multisite MDR-TB cohort study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2016; 20: 177–186.
[4]. Ahuja SD, Ashkin D, Avendano M, et al. Multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis treatment regimens and patient outcomes: an individual patient data meta-analysis of 9,153 patients. PLoS Med 2012; 9: e1001300.
[5]. Borisov SE, Dheda K, Enwerem M, Romero Leyet R, D'Ambrosio L, Centis R, et al. Effectiveness and safety of bedaquiline-containing regimens in the treatment of MDR- and XDR-TB: a multicentre study. Eur Respir J.2017; 49:1700387.

Abstract: Background:Psoriasis is a worldwide disease, and its prevalence varies in different parts of the world Aims and Objectives:To study clinical and morphological presentations of Psoriasis in patients visiting Government General Hospital, Kadapa. Materials and Methods:Thisstudy is carried out over a period of 1 year, from April 2018 to May 2019.Consecutive 280 patients clinically suggestive of Psoriasis, aged up to 60 years, attending the OPD of Government Medical College, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh were selected for the study. All patients were divided into 6 study groups:up to 10 years.....

Key words: Psoriasis, Psoriaticarthritis, Nail psoriasis.

[1]. Nisa N, Qazi MA. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with Psoriasis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2010; 76:662-5
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[5]. Bo K, Thoresen M, Dalgard F. Smokers report more Psoriasis, but not atopic dermatitis or hand eczema: results from a Norwegian population survey among adults. Dermatology. 2008;216(1):40–5.

Abstract: Cornoid lamellae a vertical angulated column of parakeratosis associated with diminished granular layer and dyskeratosis. It is classical histopathological feature of porokeratosis, but can be seen in other dermatosis. Brief description about its clinical presentation, morphogenesis and its detection is being presented here.

Keywords: Cornoid lamellae

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Abstract: Thalassemia syndromes and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are the two most common etiologies of microcytic hypochromic anemia in children and adults. It has long been considered that iron deficiency does not exist in thalassemia syndromes, including thalassemia major as well as trait. However, studies have shown the occurrence of iron deficiency in patients with beta thalassemia trait (BTT). Earlier authors have demonstrated lower initial hemoglobin levels in patients with coexisting IDA and BTT . This has been explained by the lack of hemopoietic nutrients due to iron deficiency superimposing on the imbalance in globin chain synthesis.This case report showed that the concomitant existence of beta thalassemia minor and iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. The evaluation of anemia.....

Keywords: Microcytic hHypochromic Anemia, Beta Thalassemia Trait (BTT), Hemopoietic

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Abstract: Background: Glaucoma is defined as a group of eye disease with multifactorial etiology, characterized by an acquired loss of retinal ganglion cells, progressive optic neuropathy with morphological abnormalities in the optic nerve head and, visual field defects, in which raised intraocular pressure(IOP) is modified risk factor. As glaucoma is a silent disease without much signs and symptoms, it is hard to diagnose the condition, especially in developing countries like India. Assessment of visual field defects is made by Perimetry. Asymmetric damage between eyes with glaucoma often results in creating relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD). Colour vision assessment is done as red-green defects accompanied glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Due to raised IOP retinal nerve fibrebundle entering the optic nerve gets damaged leading to altered Visual evoked potential(VEP) waveforms......

Key Word: primary open angle glaucoma; RAPD; VEP; colour vision; perimetry

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[5]. Dr. K.V.N Sreedevi MS1, Dr. Parni Kumar MS2, A Clinical Study to Correlate Visual Field Defects with Optic Disc Changes in 100 Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucomain A Tertiary Eye Care Hospital: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861. Volume 14, Issue 6 Ver. VI (Jun 2015),PP 43-45..

Abstract: Background: Ischemic stroke pertains to having very little blood supply to provide parts of the brain with less oxygen and nutrients, while hemorrhagic stroke pertains to too much bleeding within the enclosed cranial cavity. Basic stroke features are hardly known in Gopalgonj area of Bangladesh and no data are available here. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess therisk factors of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes inGopalgonj, Bangladesh. Methods: It was a retrospective hospital-based study and was conducted among 214patients admitted in the Department of Medicine, Sheikh SayeraKhatun Medical College, Gopalgonj,Bangladesh from January 2018 to December 2018 with symptoms related to.....

Key Word: Ischemic Stroke, Hemorrhagic, Risk factors, Tomography

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