iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2020

Abstract: Dysphagia is derived from the Greek word dys (difficulty,disordered) and phagia(to eat).It refers to the sensation where food is hindered in its passage from the mouth to the stomach. It is of two types – Oropharyngeal and Esophageal. Esophageal dysphagia can be either motor or mechanical. Symptoms vary depending upon the degree of luminal obstruction, associated esophagitis and type of food taken. Dysphagia can be to solids alone or to both solids and liquids. (1).Prevalence of Dysphagia among individuals >50 yrs of age range from 16% to 22% (2).Prevalence of dysphagia among young adult population was upto 17% with a peak in 40-49 yrs for both males and females, indicating that dysphagia is a very common condition in the general population(3).Upper GI Endoscopy is the first choice in evaluation of new onset dysphagia. It has excellent specificty for strictures and tumors (4)

[1]. Muhammad Aslam, MD and Michael F. Vaezi, MD, PhD, MSc .Dysphagia in the ElderlyGastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2013 Dec; 9(12): 784–795
[2]. 2. Cook IJ, Kahrilas PJ. AGA technical review on management of oropharyngeal dysphagia. Gastroenterology. 1999;116(2):455–478.
[3]. Eslick GD, Talley NJ. Dysphagia: Epidemiology, risk factors and impact on quality of life – A population-based study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008;27:971-9.
[4]. Spechler S J. American gastroenterological association medical position statement on treatment of patients with dysphagia caused by benign disorders of the distal esophagus. Gastroenterology1999; 117: 229–32.
[5]. Gupta SD, LV Petrus, FJ Gibbins and AW Dellipiani. Endoscopic Evaluation of Dysphagia In The Elderly. Oxford Journals 1987; 16: 159-164.

Abstract: Aim: To compare the salivary flow rate, buffering capacity and resting pH in speech and hearing impaired children. Material and Methods: A total of 60 Children were included in the study, consisting of 30 speech and hearing impaired children and 30 healthy children. Salivary parameters like flow rate, buffering capacity and resting pH were measured using Saliva-check Buffer kit (GC Europe) and were compared with healthy children.
Results: The difference between salivary flow rate, buffering capacity, pH was also found to be statistically significant with p value of less than 0.001. Conclusion: The physicochemical properties of saliva, such as salivary flow rate, pH, buffering capacity is significantly low in speech and hearing impaired children when compared to healthy children.

Keywords: Speech and hearing impaired, Salivaryflowrate,Ph, Buffering capacity

[1]. Mitsea, A., Karidis, A., Donta-Bakoyianni, C., &Spyropoulos, N. (2002). Oral health status in Greek children and teenagers, with disabilities. Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry, 26(1), 111-118.
[2]. Malamud D., Rodriguez-Chavez I.R. Saliva as a diagnostic fluid. Dent Clin North Am. 2011;55:159–178.
[3]. Gopinath VK, Arzreanne AR (2006). Saliva as a diagnostic tool for assessment of dental caries. Arch OrofacSci, 1: 57-59.
[4]. Mittal S, Bansal V, Garg S, Atreja G, Bansal S (2011). The diagnostic role of saliva: a review. J ClinExp Dent, 3(4): e314-e320
[5]. Edgar WM (1992). Saliva: its secretion, composition and functions. Br Dent J, 172(8): 305-312.

Abstract: Background Meconium staining of amniotic fluid has been regarded as a sign of fetal distress .The risk for meconium stained amniotic fluid are both maternal and fetal. These are hpertension, Gestational DM, maternal chronic respiratory or cardiovascular diseases, post term pregnancy, preeclampsia, eclampsia. Aims And Objectives: To assesss the fetal outcome and mode of delivery in patients in meconium stained liquor during labour. Materials & Methods This retrospective study was conducted from January 2019to JUNE 2019.The study was done on patients admitted to labour ward, in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at MDM HOSPITAL JODHPUR. Out of 4378 deliveries, 525patients had meconium stained liquor The meconium staining of the amniotic fluid was classified as Grade I, II, III......

[1]. Walker J.Fetal distress.Am J Obstet Gynecol 1959;77:94-98].
[2]. Fenton AN,Steer CM Fetal distress.Am J Obstet Gynecol 1962;83:354-59].
[3]. Nirmala Dhuhan et al, Meconium staining of amniotic fluid,a poor indicator foetal comprimise. J k science vol 12 no.4 oct- dec 2010
[4]. Surekha Tayade et al, The significance of meconium stained amniotic fluid – A cross sectional study in rural set up. I J BAR (2012) 03 (12)
[5]. Rev suadha et al, MSAF & maternal & neonatal factors associated. Rev saudepublica 2012 dec; 46(6): 1023-9 & pub 2013 Jan 28.

Abstract: Introduction: Body image is a multidimensional aspect describing internal, subjective representations of physical appearance and our attitude towards body particularly size, shape and aesthetic.There are limited studies on knowledge, attitude and practice about cosmetic surgery among students of Universities and Institute in Imphal, Manipur. Therefore, the present study was taken up to determine the proportion of those students who are worried about their body image and the knowledge, attitude and practice of cosmetic procedures among the students of Universities and institute in Imphal, Manipur.....

Keywords: cosmetic procedure, body image

[1]. Priya D, Prasanna KS, Sucharitha S. Body image perception and attempts to change weight among female medical students at Mangalore. Indian J Community Med 2010;35(2):316-20.
[2]. Doheyan TA, Saad AA, Haidar AA. Knowledge, attitude and practices concerning cosmetic surgery among female medical students at university hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Br J Med Res 2016;14(4):1-10.
[3]. Shweta G, Sachdeva S, Sachdeva R. Body image satisfaction among female college students. Ind Psychiatry J 2012;21(1):168-72.
[4]. Hammadi HA, El-Shereef EAA. Study of knowledge, attitude and practices of plastic surgery among female students at faculty of education, Taif University, Saudi Arabia. Am J Public Health Res 2017;5(3):63-9

Abstract: Purpose: To raise awareness among people about side effects of technology on vision and how to prevent these problems. Methods:All children 3-18 year old with ocular complains who were using computer, TV, or mobile from December 2017 to November 2019 . All were undergone thorough ocular examination including vision ,tonometry, fundus examination , and slit lamp examination to rule out meibomitis. Exclusion criteria were; patients suffering from conjunctivitis ,scleritis,uveitis ,glaucoma any fundus pathology papilleodema,diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy ,optic atrophy ,refractive error . Results: Total 196 patients were taken having ocular complaints who were using excessive mobile,TV,and computers . 164 patientshaving only asthenopic symptoms without significant.....

Keywords: Vision, Technology, Digital vision syndrome

[1]. P.Ranasinghe,W.Wathurapatha,Y.Pereraetal.,"Computer vision syndrome among computer office workers in a developing country: an evaluation of prevalence and risk factors," BMC Research Notes, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 150–158, 2016.
[2]. N. L. Assefa, D. Z. Weldemichael, H. W. Alemu, and D. H. Anbesse, "Prevalence and associated factors of computer vision syndrome among bank workers in Gondar City, northwest Ethiopia," Clinical Optometry, vol. 9, pp. 67–76, 2017.
[3]. K.Noreen, Z.Batool, T.Fatima ,and T.Zamir, "Prevalence of computer vision syndrome and its associated risk factors among under graduate medical students, "Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 140–146, 2016.
[4]. J. Anshel, "Diagnosing, treating CVS relies on good case history: basic eye care, ergonomics and optical correction are all part of an effective treatment plan for computer vision syndrome," Primary Care Optometry News, vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 1081–6437, 2007 [5]. Bergqvist UO, Knave BG. Eye discomfort and work with visual display terminals. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1994;20:27–33.

Abstract: Background Allergic rhinitis is a global health problem that affects patients of all ages and ethnic Groups.Rhinitis,or the"stuffy nose"is the ninth most-common reason patients seek a physician's aid. Rhinitis may be defined as an inflammatory process occurring in the nose. Allergic rhinitis is congestion of the nasal mucosa, triggered by an allergen and mediated by an immune reaction by specific IgE antibody. Clinically, it is characterized by nasal obstruction, sneezing and a clear watery nasal discharge. Non-allergic rhinitis is an inflammation in the nose which is not IgE mediated. It is non seasonal, skin tests and blood tests with allergens are negative. Total and specific IgE levels are low. Chronic nasal airway obstruction is one of the most frequent symptoms encountered by the otorhinolaryngologist. The present study is an attempt to identify the role of turbinate procedures in allergic and non-allergic rhinitis patients.....

Key words: Allergic Rhinitis , Non-Allergic Rhinitis, Inferior turbinate hypertrophy.

[1]. Wilson KF, Spector ME, Orlandi RR (2011) Types of rhinitis.OtolaryngolClinNorth Am 44: 549-559.
[2]. Bousquet J, Van Cauwenberge P, Khaltaev N; Aria Workshop Group; WorldHealth Organization (2001) Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma. J Allergy ClinImmunol
[3]. Hansel F (1929) Clinical and histopathologic studies of the nose and sinusesin allergy. J Allergy 1: 43-70.
[4]. Bachert C, van Cauwenberge P (2003) The WHO ARIA (allergic rhinitis andits impact on asthma) initiative. ChemImmunol Allergy 82: 119- 126.
[5]. Kulig M, Klettke U, Wahn V (2000) Development of seasonal allergic rhinitisduring the first 7 years of life. J Allergy ClinImmunol 106: 832-839

Abstract: Introduction:The mental foramen is an important landmark when considering placing implants in the foraminal region of the mandibular arch. Differences in its location, the number of foramina, and the possibility that an anterior loop of the mental nerve may be present mesial to the mental foramen need to be considered prior to preparing an osteotomy in this region. This article review, methods to provide the measurements with respect to the mental foramen and makes clinical suggestions to reduce inadvertent damage to the mental nerve during osteotomy development. Aim of the Work:The purpose......

Key Word: Mental foramen, Imaging technique,canine implant placement,

[1]. Mraiwa N, Jacobs R, Moerman P, et al. Presence and course of the incisive canal in the human mandibular interforaminal region: Two-dimensional imaging versus anatomical observations. Surg Radiol Anat 2003;25:416-423.
[2]. Pogrel MA, Smith R, Ahani R. Innervation of the mandibular incisors by the mental nerve. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1997;55:961-963.
[3]. De Andrade E, Otomo-Corgel J, Pucher J, et al. The intraosseous course of the mandibular incisive nerve in the mandibular symphysis. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2001;21:591-597.
[4]. Jacobs R, Mraiwa N, van Steenberghe D, et al. Appearance, location, course, and morphology of the mandibular incisive canal: An assessment on spiral CT scan. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2002;31:322-327.
[5]. Mraiwa N, Jacobs R, van Steenberghe D, et al. Clinical assessment and surgical implications of anatomic challenges in the anterior mandible. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2003;5:219-225.

Abstract: Les anévrismes de l'artère ovarienne sont extrêmement rares, ils se manifestent généralement par une rupture survenant à l'accouchement ou dans le post partum immédiat. Nous rapportons l'observation d'un double anévrisme de l'artère ovarienne chez une multipare de 36 ans révélé tardivement en post-partum. A travers ce fait clinique nous mettons en valeur les moyens d'imagerie diagnostique et nous soulignons l'efficacité de l'embolisation dans la prise en charge de cette complication rarissime mais parfois gravissime

[1]. J.-P. Pelage, A. Fohen, V. Le Pennec. Role of arterialembolization in the management of postpartum hemorrhage. Journal de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Biologie de la reproduction (2014) 43, 1063-1082
[2]. J.P. Pelage, O. Limot, P. Labauge, A. Fohlen, V. le Pennec, P. Bouhanna, P. Rozenberg, A. Fauconnier.Embolization in postpartum haemorrhage management. La Lettre du Gynécologue n° 352 - mai 2010
[3]. Chao L.W., Chen C.H., Spontaneous rupture of an ovarien artery anevrysm: case report and review of the literature. Gynecolobstetinvest 2009, 68 : 104-107
[4]. Kirk J., Deitch J., Robinson H., Havenson S., Staged endovascular treatement of bilateral ruptured and intact ovarian artery anevrysms in a post-menopausal woman. J vascsurg 2009, 49 : 208-210
[5]. Slaba S, Kazzi H., Abd O.,Nasser J., Nasnas R., Embolisation à la glu d'un anévrisme non rompu de l'artère ovarienne. Journal des maladies vasculaires, volume 35, n°4, pages 266-269, juillet 2010.

Abstract: Introduction: Maxillary canine impaction has an incidence of 1 in 100 in the general population and has been reported as much higher in orthodontic patient. Because patients ,it take longer treatment times, depending on the location of the impacted tooth, so early identification of impaction is of critical interest to the orthodontist. Aim of the work: The purpose of this study was to correlate and evaluate the radiographic diagnosis of three-dimensional (3D) cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans with that of panoramic (2D) radiograph for localization of impacted maxillary canines. Materials and methods: The sample enrolled in....

Key words: Canine impaction- Panoramic radiographs and cone beam computed tomography

[1]. Grace Richardson, Kathy A. Russell. A review of impacted permanent maxillary canine: Diagnosis and prevention. J Can Dent Assoc 2000; 66:497-501.
[2]. Thilander B, Jakobsson SO. Local factors in impaction of maxillary canines. Acta Odontol Scand 1968; 26:145-68.
[3]. The SEDENTEXCT Project. Radiation Protection: Cone Beam CT for Dental and Maxillofacial Radiology. Evidence Based Guidelines. Luxembourg: European Commission, 2011;1–139.
[4]. Peck S, Peck L, Kataja M. Site-specificity of tooth maxillary agenesis in subjects with canine malpositions. Angle Orthod.1996; 66:473-76.
[5]. Nakajima A, Sameshima GT, Arai Y, Homme Y, Shimizu N, Dougherty H. Two- and three-dimensional orthodontic imaging using limited cone beam-computed tomography. Angle Orthod 2005; 75: 895-903..

Abstract: Introduction: Ovarian tumours are a group of neoplasm's affecting the ovary and have a diverse spectrum of features according to the particular tumour entity. The awareness regarding ovarian tumour is in developing phase in Bangladesh. In such condition information regarding socio-demographic status of patients with ovarian Tumour may be helpful in the treatment arena of such disease. Aim of the study:The aim of this study was to evaluate the socio-demographic status of patients with ovarian tumour in Bangladesh. Methods:This cross sectional prospective study was conducted at Inpatient department of Obsterics and Gynaecology of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital during the period from January 2007 to December 2007. A total of 100 consecutive patients.....

Key words: Socio-demographic, Ovarian Tumour, Laparotomy

[1]. Lee-Jones, L. Ovarian tumoursan overview. Atlas Genet cytogenetOncolHaematol December-2003
[2]. Dorigooliver, Md& Baker VV MD. Premalignant & malignant Disorders of the ovaries & oviducts. DeCherney AH, Nathan Lauren, editors. Current Obstetric &Gynaecological Diagnosis & treatment. 9th edition USA, The McGraw-Hil Companies. 2003:933-946.
[3]. Jemal A, Murray T, Samuels A, Ghafoor A, Ward E, Thun MJ. Cancer statistics, 2003. CA Cancer J Clin 2003; 53:5-26.
[4]. Neerja, Bhatla, MD. Tumour of the ovary. In: Jeffcoate's Principles of Gynaecology. Sixth edition. 2001:503-540.
[5]. Gallion H, H, Nagell J.R.V Donaldson E.S& Powel D.E (1998) ovarian dysgerminoma: Report of seven cases and review of the literature. Am J obstetGynaecol 158, 591-595

Abstract: Introduction: Inherited hemoglobin disorders (hemoglobinopathies&Thalassaemias) constitute an importantcause of morbidity and mortality in children. They impose a heavy burden on the affected families and the health sector. This is a public health problem in Dhaka and others Districts. Data pertaining to the pattern of the Thalassaemias and hemoglobinopathies are lacking in our City.Hence, this study was undertaken to know the clinical profile and pattern of hemoglobinopathies and Thalassaemias cases admitted in pediatrics department.Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Pediatrics,Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh over a period of one year from January 2019 to December 2019. Total 75 children of inherited hemoglobin disorders (chronic.....

Key words: Anemia, Hemoglobinopathies, Thalassaemia, Children, HPLC.

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[2]. Michael R, DeBaun, Mellisa J, Frei Jones, Elliot P, Vichin sky: Thalassaemiasyndrome: chapter 462 .10: page 2349-2353: NelsonText Book of Pediatrics, First south Asia edition: 2016: vol-2.
[3]. Https// www. who.int./: Bulletin of the World health organization: 2019: Global epidemiology of hemoglobin disorders.
[4]. Https// mohfw.gov.in: files pdf. : Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, 7th August, 2018
[5]. Mohanty D, Colah RB, Gorakshakar AC, Patel RZ, Master DC, Mahanta J, et al. Prevalence of β-Thalassaemia and other haemoglobinopathies in six cities in India: A multicentre study. J Community Genet 2013; 4:33-42