iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2021

Abstract: Background: Carcinoma esophagus arises from the inner linning of the oesophageal lumen. It can be either squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma arises from upper and middle parts of esophagus and adenocarcinoma arises from the lower parts and of them squamous cell is most common. Most patients present in late stage and palliative care is the only choice of treatment in such patients. Palliative therapy includes chemotherapy, brachytherapy, stent insertion, radiotherapy etc. Stent insertion is considered more effective in providing symptomatic relief to the patients. Stents are of plastic as well as metal and also are available as uncovered, partially covered and......

Key Words : squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, self-expanding metallic stent

[1]. Christopher Harris Esophageal cancer Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2017;6(2):190.
[2]. Dai Y, Li C, Xie Y, Liu X, Zhang J, Zhou J, Pan X, Yang S. Interventions for dysphagia in oesophageal cancer. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 10.
[3]. Pierre Hindy, MD, Jinwha Hong, Yvette Lam-Tsai, MD, and Frank Gress, MD A Comprehensive Review of Esophageal Stents Gastroenterology & Hepatology Volume 8, Issue 8 August 2012
[4]. Parvinder Singh, Abhitesh Singh, Anantbir Singh,etal;Long Term Outcome in Patients with Esophageal Stenting for Cancer Esophagus; Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2016 Dec;10(12): 06-09.
[5]. Ole Steen Bjerring, Torsten Pless, Claus Fristrup & Michael Bau Mortensen,etal;Acceptable results after self-expanding metallic stent treatment for dysphagia in non-resectable oesophageal cancer;Dan Med J 2012;59(6):4459.

Abstract: Background: The 2019 Coronovirus disease (COVID-19) is a pandemic caused by the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS nCoV-2). The disease spread rapidly to almost all countries affecting millions of people and killing almost two million people. Computerized Tomography (CT) is an essential imaging tool in diagnosis of the disease. Patterns of lung findings are well reported. This study aims to report on the chest CT findings in confirmed COVID-19 patients in an isolation center in Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: Confirmed COVID-19 patients with positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, referred for chest CT between June and October 2020 were included in the study. Imaging findings were retrieved and reviewed retrospectively by two radiologists. Findings were tabulated and analyzed using Excel........

Keywords- COVID-19, Chest CT, viral pneumonia.

[1]. WHO Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Dashboard website, https://covid19.who.int/ Accessed 09-01-2021.
[2]. Tenda ED, Yulianti M, Asaf MM, et al. The Importance of Chest CT Scan in COVID-19. Acta Med Indones. 2020 Jan;52(1):68-73.
[3]. Jalaber C, Lapotre T , Morcet-Delattre T,, et al. Chest CT in COVID-19 pneumonia: A review of current knowledge. Diagn Interv Imaging. Jul-Aug 2020;101(7-8):431-437.
[4]. Vernuccio F, Giambelluca D, Cannella R, et al. Radiographic and chest CT imaging presentation and follow-up of COVID-19 pneumonia: a multicenter experience from an endemic area. Emerg Radiol. 2020 Dec;27(6):623-632.
[5]. Ieong CM, Xu X, Kong SC, et al. Evaluation of chest CT and clinical features of COVID-19 patient in Macao. Eur J Radiol Open. 2020;7:100275..

Abstract: Background : Decidual vasculopathy (DV), also known as decidual arteriopathy or decidual arteriolopathy, refers to a number of lesions involving uteroplacental vessels, like persistence of arteriolar smooth muscle, intimal accumulation of foamy macrophages (atherosis), fibrinoid degeneration, necrosis, lymphocytic or plasmacytic decidual vasculitis, and thrombosis. Recent studies have suggested that the extent of lesion correlates to the severity of the clinical manifestation of preeclampsia and the ischemic lesions that result from uteroplacental malperfusion and are associated with diminished fetal growth and adverse outcome. There is also debate about what areas to be grossed on placenta for histopathologic sections, and if additional special sections are needed to find them.........

Key Word: Decidual vasculopathy , placenta, membrane roll, basal plate ,maternal malperfusion.

[1]. D J Roberts , M D Post The placenta in pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Journal of clinical pathology 2008 Dec;61(12):1254-60
[2]. D U Stevens 1, S Al-Nasiry, J Bulten, M E A SpaandermanDecidual vasculopathy in preeclampsia: lesion characteristics relate to disease severity and perinatal outcome Placenta 2013 Sep;34(9):805-9.
[3]. Peilin Zhang, MD, PhD Decidual Vasculopathy in Preeclampsia and Spiral Artery Remodeling Revisited: Shallow Invasion versus Failure of involution American journal of perinatology 2018 Oct; 8(4):
[4]. Joanna Sy Chan 1, Debra S Heller 2, Rebecca N Baergenan-.Decidual Vasculopathy: Placental Location and Association With Ischemic Lesions Pediatric and developmental pathology Feb 2017;20(1):44-48
[5]. Jonathan L Hecht 1, Zsuzsanna K Zsengeller 2, Melissa Spiel 3, S Ananth Karumanchi 4, Seymour Rosen 5 Revisiting decidual vasculopathy Placenta2016 Jun;42:37-43.

Abstract: Edentulism is one of the common dental problems in the aging population. Implant therapy has emerged as one the valid and effective solutions to this problem. Replacement of missing teeth in the posterior maxilla is always a challenge for the treating implant surgeon as the posterior maxilla has several obstacles in the form of quality, quantity, the anatomy of the maxillary sinus, and inaccessibility. To overcome these deficiencies, several surgical procedures such as sinus lift, bone augmentation, tilted implants, short implants, and zygomatic implants were tried. Since these procedures have their own limitations, pterygomaxillary region provides us an excellent place for placement of implant and rehabilitation of posterior maxilla. This case report describes the usage of the pterygomaxillary region for placement of the implant to restore atrophic posterior maxilla, without any additional surgical procedure.

Keywords: Pterygo-maxillary implants

[1]. Lekholm U, Zarb G (1985) Patient selection and preparation. In: Bra°nemark PI, Zarb G, Albrektsson T (eds) Tissue-integrated protheses Osseointegration in clinical dentistry. Quintessence,Chicago, pp 199–209
[2]. Balshi TJ, Wolfinger GJ, Balshi SF II (1999) Analysis of 356 pterygomaxillary implants in edentulous arches for fixed prosthesisanchorage.
[3]. Jaffin RA, Berman CL (1991) The excessive loss of Branemark fixtures in type IV bone: a 5-year analysis. J Periodontol 62:2–4
[4]. Tulasne JF. Osseointegrated fixtures in the pterygoid region. In: Worthington P, Branemark PI. eds. Advanced Osseointegration Surgery. Applications in the Maxillofacial Region. Chicago, Ill:Quintessence; 1992;182–188.

Abstract: Purpose: To study types of ocular surface foreign bodies and their various area of location in the eye. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India from July 2019 to June 2020. Material and Methods: Age and gender were recorded for all patients. Detailed slit lamp examination was performed. Location of the foreign body was noted. Superficial foreign bodies were removed with the help of forceps. In case of impaction in the ocular surface, foreign bodies were removed with the help of sterile 27/26-gauge needle under topical anaesthesia.......

Key Word: Foreign bodies, Ocular, Metallic, Corneal injuries.

[1]. Jan S, Khan S, Khan MT, et al. Ocular emergencies. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2004; 14: 333-6.
[2]. Guerra Garcia RA, Garcia D, Martinez FE et al. The Cuban ocular trauma registry. J Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2013; 4 (2): 276.
[3]. Negral AD, Thylefors B. The global impact of eye injuries. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 1998; 5: 143-69.
[4]. Babar TF, Khan MN, Jan S, et al. Frequency and causes of bilateral ocular trauma.J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2007; 17: 679-82.
[5]. Khatry SK, Lewis AE, Schein OD, et al. The epidemiology of ocular trauma in rural Nepal. Br J Ophthalmol. 2004; 88: 456-60.
[6]. Injuries to the eye. Sihota and Tandon, editors. Parson's disease of the eye. 20 Edition. New Delhi: Elsevier; 2007: 362-4..

Abstract: Introduction: Ewing sarcoma is a small round cell malignant bone tumor with a high metastatic potential. Materials and methods: From 2013 to 2016, 05 cases of Ewing sarcoma are collected at the Department of Orthopedic Traumatology 2 of the CHU Hassan 2 in Fez. The average age of our patients was 26 years. The most frequent localization was found in the lower limbs, which were affected in 80% of the cases. Diagnostic delay ranged from 4 to 12 months Pain and swelling were the main telltale signs. The initial radiological assessment included a standard radiology and an MRI that were performed for all our patients. The surgical biopsy was performed for all our patients and showed a round cell tumor. The outcome of the extension showed pulmonary metastases in two patients. All our patients were referred to the oncology department to begin neoadjuvant chemotherapy under the Euro Ewing protocol two patients underwent conservative surgical treatment, while in two other cases the treatment was radical and consisted of transfemoral and transtibial amputation.......

Key Word: Malignant tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, surgery, therapeutic technique

[1]. Mascard. E, Guinebretière. JM. Sarcomed'Ewing. Ency.Méd. Chir, Appareil locomoteur, 2001 ; 14 : 1-13.
[2]. Delattre O. Tumeurs d'Ewing, aspects génétiques et cellulaires Pathologie Biologie 2008 ; 56 : 257-9.
[3]. Bernstein M, Kovar H, Paulussen M et al. Ewing's sarcoma family of tumor: current management. Oncologist 2006; 11: 503-19.
[4]. Esiashvili N, Goodman M, Marcus Jr RB. Changes in incidence and survival of Ewing sarcoma patients over the past 3 decades: surveillance Epidemiology and End Results data. J PediatrHematolOncol 2008; 30:425-30.
[5]. Parkin DM, Stiller CA, Draper GJ, et al. The international incidence of childhood cancer. Int J Cancer 1988; 42:511 2

Abstract: Cervical screw scanning is a complication that concerns all means of osteosynthesis of the upper end of the femur, it is generally linked to several factors: poor bone quality, insufficient reduction or bad position of the cervical screw. We report a case of an intermediate hip replacement prosthesis. It is a case of myeloma of the upper extremity of the femur, the treatment of which was palliative and consisted of an excision with stabilization by a cervico-medullary nailing system. The development was marked by the occurrence of a scan of the cervical screw, hence the decision to undergo surgical revision with removal of the nail and prosthetic replacement with an intermediate hip prosthesis with a REVITAN®modular revision rod (Zimmer Biomet®). Major losses of bone substance from the proximal end of the femur represent difficult.........

Key Word: cut-out, bipolar hip prosthesis, Revision stem.

[1]. Mankin HJ, Gebhardt MC, Jennings LC, Springfield DS, Tomford WW. Long-Term Results of Allograft Replacement in the Management of Bone Tumors. Publ Assoc Bone Jt Surg CORR®. mars 1996;324:86–97.
[2]. Fox EJ, Hau MA, Gebhardt MC, Hornicek FJ, Tomford WW, Mankin HJ. Long-Term Followup of Proximal Femoral Allografts. Publ Assoc Bone Jt Surg CORR®. avr 2002;397:106–113[3]. Ahlmann ER, Menendez LR, Kermani C, Gotha H. Survivorship and clinical outcome of modular endoprosthetic reconstruction for neoplastic disease of the lower limb. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1 juin 2006;88-B(6):790‑5.
[4]. Farid Y, Lin PP, Lewis VO, Yasko AW. Endoprosthetic and Allograft-prosthetic Composite Reconstruction of the Proximal Femur for Bone Neoplasms: Clin Orthop. janv 2006;442(NA;):223‑9.
[5]. Menendez LR, Ahlmann ER, Kermani C, Gotha H. Endoprosthetic reconstruction for neoplasms of the proximal femur. Clin Orthop. sept 2006;450:46‑51.

Abstract: Background: Revision prosthetic surgery is one of the major challenges of modern orthopedics. It is a complex surgery with more uncertain results than primary arthroplasty and with higher complication rates. The lifespan of an implant therefore decreases with the number of surgical revisions. Methods: We carried out a retrospective study of 20 cases of femoral revision, collected between 2009 and 2017 in the orthopedic traumatology department B at the UHC Hassan II in Fez. Our objective through this series was to study the therapeutic techniques, the evolutionary profile, the functional and radiological results of the femoral revision by a revision implant while tracing the experience of the B4 traumatology department, in terms of taking into burden of this pathology and by comparing our results with those of the literature........

Key Word: Total hip arthroplasty, revision, aseptic loosening, infection, dislocation.

[1]. Risk of Complication and Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty Among Medicare Patients with Different Bearing Surfaces [Internet]. [cité 8 janv 2020]. Disponible sur: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2914292/
[2]. Bozic KJ, Kurtz SM, Lau E, Ong K, Vail TP, Berry DJ. The epidemiology of revision total hip arthroplasty in the United States. J Bone Joint Surg Am. janv 2009;91(1):128‑33.
[3]. Guillemin F, Rat AC, Mazieres B, Pouchot J, Fautrel B, Euller-Ziegler L, et al. Prevalence of symptomatic hip and knee osteoarthritis: a two-phase population-based survey. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. nov 2011;19(11):1314‑22.
[4]. Maradit Kremers H, Larson DR, Crowson CS, Kremers WK, Washington RE, Steiner CA, et al. Prevalence of Total Hip and Knee Replacement in the United States. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2 sept 2015;97(17):1386‑97.
[5]. Kurtz SM, Ong KL, Lau E, Bozic KJ. Impact of the economic downturn on total joint replacement demand in the United States: updated projections to 2021. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 16 avr 2014;96(8):624‑30..

Abstract: Knee pain and back pain is the commonest complaint of the patients attending orthopedics outpatient department and a major cause of work loss in young individuals. Determining the underlying cause of knee pain can be difficult, in part because of the extensive differential diagnosis.[1] In elderly population due to senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis, both lumbar spondylosis and knee osteoarthritis is quite common. But in middle aged adults without much degenerative changes in knee, patients suffering from knee pain are misdiagnosed as osteoarthritis of knee. Clinical criteria for classification of idiopathic osteoarthritis of the knee were developed through a multicentre study group involving 130 patients with osteoarthritis and 107 comparison patients. Comparison diagnoses included rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other painful conditions of the knee exclusive of referred pain from back or para-articular pain........

[1]. Walter LC, Mark H. Evaluation of Patients Presenting with Knee Pain: Part II. Differential Diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. 2003 Sep 1; 68(5):917-922.
[2]. Altman RD. Criteria for the classification of osteoarthritis of the knee and hip. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1987; 65:31-9.
[3]. O'Neill CW, Kurgansky ME, Derby R, Ryan DP. Disc stimulation and patterns of referred pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002 Dec 15; 27(24):2776-81.
[4]. Tsuji T, Matsuyama Y, Goto M, Yimin Y, et al. Knee-spine syndrome: correlation between sacral inclination and patellofemoral joint pain. J Orthop Sci. 2002;7(5):519-23
[5]. David R. Burnett, Evaluation of relationships between low back pain and unilateral knee osteoarthritis, Dissertation for Doctor of Philosophy, University of Louisville. June 10, 2009..

Abstract: Background: Appendectomy is one of the most commonly performed procedures in abdominal surgery and the laparoscopic approach is gradually replacing the conventional laparotomy for acute appendicitis. Methods: A total of 40 patients with acute appendicitis who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy at Kailash hospital, Delhi over a period of three months were evaluated in terms of feasibility and safety of the procedure at the hospital. It was an observational study. Results: The age of the patient ranged between 16 and 43 years, with 24males and 16 females. Most (76.85%) of the patients had un-ruptured inflamed appendix. The mean operative time was 43 minutes with no intra-operative complications. Two patients required conversion........

Keywords: Acute appendicitis, Emergency, Laparoscopic appendectomy

[1]. Yaghoubian A, Kaji AH, Lee SL. Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy: outcomes analysis. Am Surg. 2012;78(10):1083-6.
[2]. Sauerland S, Jaschinski T, Neugebauer EA. Laparoscopic versus open surgery for suspected appendicitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;10.
[3]. Gorenoi V, Dintsios CM, Schonermark MP, Hagen A. Laparoscopic vs. open appendectomy: systematic review of medical efficacy and health economic analysis. GMS Health Tech Assess. 2007;2:1-12.
[4]. Krisher SL, Browne A, Dibbins A, Tkacz N, Curci M. Intra-abdominal abscess after laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis. Archiv Surg. 2001;136(4):438-41.
[5]. Sporn E, Petroski GF, Mancini GJ, Astudillo JA, Miedema BW, Thaler K. Laparoscopic appendectomy is it worth the cost? Trend analysis in the US from 2000 to 2005. J Am Coll Surg. 2009;208:179-85

Abstract: Background: Adolescence is the stage when they extend their relationships beyond parents and family and are intensely influenced by their peers and the outside world in general. Life's major changes are experienced during adolescence like academic pressure, gaining expectations and independence from parents, intimate relationships with peers, physical maturation, starting romantic relationships, etc. Keeping this in mind, the present focused group discussions were carried out to explore various perspectives of stressors experienced by adolescent girls of urban Meerut during their school life........

Keywords: Stressor, Adolescent, Peer Pressure, Physical appearance, Parental Pressure, focus group, qualitative

[1]. Mishra CP, Krishna J. Turbulence of adolescence. Indian J. Prev. Soc. Med. 2014 Jan-June; 45(1-2): 1-6.
[2]. Dr Antara S, Dr Bansal R, Dr Chhavi K Gupta, Dr Nasser K. "Study assessing life skills among school going adolescents in relation to personal variables." IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS), vol. 18, no. 2, 2019, pp 31-36.
[3]. Maria Camara, Gonzalo Bacigalupe & Patricia Padilla (2017). The role of social support in adolescents: are you helping me or stressing me out? International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 22:2, 123-136, DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2013.875480.
[4]. Calancie O, Ewing L, Narducci LD, Horgan S, Khalid-Khan S. (2017). Exploring how social networking sites impact youth with anxiety: A qualitative study of Facebook stressors among adolescents with an anxiety disorder diagnosis. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 11(4), article 2. doi: 10.5817/CP2017-4-2.
[5]. Utz S, & Breuer, J. (2017). The relationship between use of social network sites, online social support, and well-being: Results from a six-wave longitudinal study. Journal of Media Psychology: Theories, Methods, and Applications, 29, 115-125.

Abstract: TO PROSPECTIVELY VALIDATE AND EVALUATE FEMALE PATIENTS ATTENDING THE GENERAL SURGERY OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT WITH BREAST PAIN WITHOUT LUMP AND CORRELATE THE INCIDENCE OF DETECTION RATES OF BREAST CANCER IN THESE PATIENTS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SURGERY AT Karur MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL. Methods: The study was conducted on 100 Female patients undergoing breast pain without lump and correlate the incidence of detection rates of breast cancer in Department of Surgery referred from various surgical units either for confirmation of a clinical diagnosis or for undiagnosed breast cancer symptomatology undergoing evaluation. It is shown that Ultrasound Both breasts done in the study population reveals that benign features are more common than malignant features.......

Keywords: Modified Radical Mastectomy, Breast cancer, Chemotheraphy,FNAC, Mammogram Carcinoma, Lumpectomy. Breast pain, Nipple discharge.

[1]. Burkitt HG, Quick CRG, Gatt DT, eds. Essential Surgery: Problems, Diagnosis & Management, 2nd ed. London: Churchill Livingstone,1996: 523-545.
[2]. Cooper A. Illustrations of diseases of breast. London: S. McDowall, 1829.
[3]. Rahman SM. Mastalgia & its clinico-pathological evaluation – a study of 50 cases (dissertation). Dhaka: Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons, 2000 [Unpublished dissertation].
[4]. Ekland DA, Zeigler MG. Abscess in non-lactating breast. Arch Surgery 1973;107:398-401.
[5]. Sharfuzzaman AMSM. Clinico-pathological study of breast abscess–Study of 50 cases (dissertation). Dhaka: Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons, 2000 [Unpublished dissertation].

Abstract: Introduction: Different factors make patients request an orthodontic treatment such as dental crowding, which can be related to the width and length of the dental arch, the diameter of the mesio-distal tooth, and the dental proportions. Case Report: A 12-year-old female patient comes to the consultation referring to having "crooked teeth". Diagnosis: The extraoral inspection observed facial asymmetry, facial incompetence, concave profile with severe crowding. Treatment: The orthodontic treatment to follow was premolar extractions with the use of fixed appliances. Results: The objectives proposed in the treatment plan were satisfactorily corrected, such as severe dental crowding. Conclusion: The results obtained in the present study highlight that premolar extractions are an adequate option when the patient presents severe crowding with labial incompetence and a class I skeletal pattern..

Keywords: Severe crowding, changes in arch width, removal of premolars

[1]. Singh, RR, Verma, P., Pradhan, D., Bhardwaj, R., y Kour, S. (2019). Asociación entre la longitud de la base apical maxilar y mandibular y la gravedad del apiñamiento o espaciamiento dental en sujetos con maloclusión de Clase II: unestudio in vitro . Revista de odontología clínica y experimental , 11 (1), e49 – e54. doi: 10.4317 / jced.55422
[2]. Guilherme Janson, Oscar Edwin Francisco Murillo Goizueta, Daniela G. Garib, and Marcos Janson (2011) Relationship between maxillary and mandibular base lengths and dental crowding in patients with complete Class II malocclusions. The Angle Orthodontist: March 2011, Vol. 81, No. 2, pp. 217-221.
[3]. Hakan Türkkahraman and Mözgür Sayin (2004) Relationship Between Mandibular Anterior Crowding and Lateral Dentofacial Morphology in the Early Mixed Dentition. The Angle Orthodontist: December 2004, Vol. 74, No. 6, pp. 759-764.
[4]. Muge Aksu and Ilken Kocadereli (2005) Arch Width Changes in Extraction and Nonextraction Treatment in Class I Patients. The Angle Orthodontist: November 2005, Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 948-952.
[5]. Treatment outcomes after extraction and nonextraction treatment evaluated with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system. Anthopoulou, Chrysi et al. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Volume 146, Issue 6, 717 – 723

Abstract: Patient :- 31 years old Lady. Complaints :- Weakness, laziness, multiple lymphadenopathy History of Present illness :- Multiple lymphnodes, increasing in number and size observing since one months before coming to family physician. Then feeling of weakness and lazyness. Family physician Advice complete Blood count (CBC), FNAC of lymph Nodes Previous Medical & family history – nothing significant.......

Keywords: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Flow Cytometry, BALL, Adult rate case

[1]. Hoffbrand's Essential Haematology
[2]. De Grychy's Cinical Haematology in Medical Practice
[3]. A Textbook of Immunology and Immuno technology by the Annadurai.
[4]. Leukemia & Related Disorder