iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2021

Abstract: AIM: 1.To compare inguinodynia in Lichtenstein (open ) and TAPP (laparoscopic hernioplasty ) 2.To evaluate the inguinodynia on the basis of visual analogue scale between the two procedures 3.Complications of hernioplasty in open versus laparoscopic and its effect on inguinodynia METHODOLOGY: This prospective study comprised of 50 cases of inguinal hernia which were randomly divided into two groups of 25 each named group A and group B. Group A where Lichtenstein hernioplasty was done and group B patients where TAPP ( laparoscopic ) hernioplasty was done. detailed history and examination done and recorded. Patients were intraoperatively....

[1]. Lichtenstein IL, Shulman AG, Amid PK, Montllor MM (1989) The tension-free hernioplasty. Am J Surg 157(2): 188-193.
[2]. Kalra A, Tuma F. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Nov 26, 2018. Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Peritoneum.
[3]. Perkins FM, Kehlet H (2000) Chronic pain as an outcome of surgery. A review of predictive factors. Anesthesiology 93(4): 1123-1133.
[4]. Poobalan AS, Bruce J, King PM, Chambers WA, Krukowski ZH, et al. (2001) Chronic pain and quality of life following open inguinal hernia repair. Br J Surg 88(8): 1122-1126.
[5]. Bay-Nielsen M, Kehlet H, Strand L, Malmstrom J, Andersen FH, Wara P, et al. (2001) Quality assessment of 26,304 herniorrhaphies in Denmark: a prospective nationwide study. Lancet 358(9288): 1124-1128..

Abstract: Background: Education of oral health of the individual and community has a major impact from the knowledge of the dentists, which ultimately depends on the knowledge, attitude and practices of the dental students. Dental students are the future leaders in oral-health care, and have a significant role to play in public oral health education and its promotion.Increased awareness of the oral health care among the dental students through academic learning can motivate their patients for the maintenance of the oral health and prevention of the development of the different oral diseases. Dental students in general have been found to have oral health knowledge, but their attitude and oral hygiene practices needs improvement if they are to serve as positive models for their patients, families, and friends.Therefore this present study aims to assess the oral health knowledge, attitude and behaviour among the Pre-clinical and Clinical dental students in the three Dental Colleges in Calicut district.......

Key Word: Knowledge, Attitude. Oral hygiene Practices, Preclinical, Clinical, Dental students

[1]. Abdollahi M, Radfar M. A review of drug-induced oral reactions. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2003; 4:10–31.
[2]. Baseer MA, Alenazy MS, Alasqah M, Algabbani M, Mehkari A. Oral health knowledge, attitude and practices among health professionals in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2012;9(4):386-92.
[3]. Usman S, Bhat SS, Sargod SS. Oral health knowledge and behavior of clinical medical, dental and paramedical students in Mangalore. J Oral Health Community Dent 2007;1(3):46-8.
[4]. Özyemişci-Cebeci N, Ünver S, Nemli SK. A comparative study of oral health attitudes and behaviors in dental students. J Dent Appl 2014;1(1):3-7
[5]. Gallagher EB, Moody PM. Dentists and the oral health behavior of patients: A sociological perspective. J Behav Med 1981;4:283-95..

Abstract: Background: Because the bodily structures involved in the expression of minor physical anomalies typically share their embryonic origin with that of the brain, minor physical anomalies represent potentially valuable indices of disturbances in early neurodevelopment. Here the aim is to determine and compare the frequency of minor physical anomalies (MPAs) in schizophrenia patients and Bipolar affective disorder patients Materials and Methods: 100 schizophrenic patients (46 men, 54 women) and 100 Bipolar Affective Disorder patients (60 men, 40 women) were evaluated for Minor Physical Anomalies with a modified Version of Waldrop Scale Results: Compared with BPAD patients, schizophrenia patients showed a higher incidence of almost all studied MPAs. The differences are......

Key Word: Schizophrenia, Bipolar Affective Disorder, Minor Physical Anomalies

[1]. Ismail B, Cantor-Graae E, McNeil TF. Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia: cognitive, neurological and other clinical correlates. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 2000 Jan 1;34(1):45-56.
[2]. McGrath J, El-Saadi O, Grim V, Cardy S, Chapple B, Chant D, Lieberman D, Mowry B. Minor physical anomalies and quantitative measures of the head and face in patients with psychosis. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2002 May 1;59(5):458-64.
[3]. Compton MT, Walker EF. Physical manifestations of neurodevelopmental disruption: are minor physical anomalies part of the syndrome of schizophrenia?. Schizophrenia bulletin. 2008 Nov 5;35(2):425-36.
[4]. Waldrop MF, Bell RQ, McLaughlin B, Halverson CF. Newborn minor physical anomalies predict short attention span, peer aggression, and impulsivity at age 3. Science. 1978 Feb 3;199(4328):563-5
[5]. Elizarraras-Rivas J, Fragoso-Herrera R, Cerdan-Sanchez LF, Ramos-Zepeda R, Barajas-Barajas LO, Troyo-Sanroman R, McLean D, McGrath JJ. Minor physical anomalies and anthropometric measures in schizophrenia: a pilot study from Mexico. Schizophrenia research. 2003;3(62):285-7..

Abstract: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is the standard procedure for hydrocephalus. The author reports a case of a 35 year-old female patient with a history of brain tumor and a history of VP Shunt Kocher S surgery presenting with a complaint of decreased consciousness. Upon head CT scan, hydrocephalus was found with VP Shunt malfunction. She underwent an emergency External Ventricular Drain (EVD) Kocher D surgery. Laparotomy was also conducted to correct distal obstruction. During the surgery, it was found that the distal drain was covered by omentum. Complications of VPS generally are either mechanical or infectious. Mechanical obstruction can result from omentum covering the distal portion of the VPS drain.

Key Word: Intrathecal; Bupivacaine; Buprenorphine; Nalbuphine; Postoperative analgesia

[1]. Hamdan AR. 2018. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications: a local study at Qena University Hospital: a retrospective study. Available online: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41984-018-0008-5program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of highblood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III) finalreport. Circulation. 2002;106(25, article 3143).
[2]. Pan , Pradyumna. 2018. Outcome Analysis of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgery in Pediatric Hydrocephalus. Available online: 10.4103/jpn.JPN_29_18
[3]. Fowler JB, Orlando DJ, Fassil BM. 2020. Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459351/
[4]. Paff M, Daniela AA, Michael M, William L. 2018. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications: A review. Available online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inat.2018.04.004
[5]. Paff M, Daniela AA, Michael M, William L. 2018. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications: A review. Available online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inat.2018.04.004.

Abstract: Background: The liver function test (LFT) is among the most commonly used clinical investigations to assess hepatic function and severity of liver diseases. There is paucity of health policy relevant data for prevalence of liver disease in India and prevalence varies widely on etiology and epidemiology of liver diseases. Aims: The purpose of the study was to find out the prevalence of abnormal liver function tests in an adult population in Manipur. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital based study done at Biochemistry Department of Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal in a total of 602 subjects aged above 20 years for a period of 6 months. The parameters included are Total Bilirubin, direct Bilirubin, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), ALT, AST, Total Protein, Albumin and Globulin......

Key Word: Elevated liver enzymes; Aminotransferase elevation; Liver function tests; Evaluation of abnormal liver enzymes.

[1]. Vagvala SH, O'Connor SD. Imaging of abnormal liver function tests. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken). 2018 May;11(5):128-134.
[2]. Gowda S, Prakash BD, Vinayak VH, et al. A review on laboratory liver function tests, Pan Afr Med J. 2009; 3: 17.
[3]. Rahmioglu N, Andrew T, Cherkas L, Surdulescu G, Swaminathan R, Spector T, Ahmadi KR. Epidemiology and genetic epidemiology of the liver function test proteins. PLoS One. 2009;4(2)
[4]. Sumeet K A, Harshad D, John E and Patrick SK. Burden of liver diseases in the world. J of hepatology. 2019, 70 (1), 151-171.
[5]. Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Moore PK. Pharmacology. 5th ed. Bath:Churchill Livingstone; 2003..

Abstract: AIM: To study the relative incidence of various disease which can present as mass in right iliac fossa, age and sex distribution of various disease, diseases causing intestinal obstruction , diseases causing fistula formation.
METHODS: The materials used in the study are 50 case sheets of patients diagnosed as mass in right iliac fossa based on clinical signs backed up by radiological findings and operative findings in Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College and Hospital, Salem during January 2019 – January 2020. RESULTS: Appendicular mass is the most commonly presenting condition as mass in right iliac fossa. Males are predominantly affected by mass in right iliac fossa. Since majority of the cases are appendicular mass peak incidence in our study occurred in 3rd decade. Ileocaecal tuberculosis were most common in the 4th decade. Psoas abscess were.......

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Abstract: AIM: To find out the incidence of cervical node metastases on clinical examination in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region. To find the incidence of cervical nodal metastases commonly involved according to the primary tumour at the time of presentation. To describe the distribution of cervical node metastases by the site of the primary tumour. To correlate individually the size of the tumour and cervical nodal metastases. To correlate individually the degree of histopathological differentiation of tumour and cervical nodal metastases.
METHODS: The materials used in the study consisted of 60 cases of histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region which were admitted in all surgical wards of Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College and Hospital, Salem during June 2018 – June 2020. RESULTS: Males are predominantly......

[1]. Park and Park Textbook of Preventive and social medicine – cancer 19th edition
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[3]. Devita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer Principles & Practice of Oncology, 8th edition
[4]. The M.D.Anderson Surgical Oncology Handbook IV edition, Barry W. Feig, David H. Berger, George M. Fuhrman.
[5]. Bailey & love Short Practice of Surgery 25th edition 2008

Abstract: Background: A seizure is a transient alteration of behaviour due to the disordered, synchronous and rhythmic firing of populations of brain neurons. Epilepsy is the most common disorder characterized by the recurrent seizures. The action of anti-epileptic drugs varies for different types of epileptic conditions , but in general the mechanism of action is by Na channel inactivation & K channel-mediated hyperpolarisation prevents abnormal repetitive firing in neuronal cells. The present study was carried out to.......

Key Word: children, drug prescription, drug utilization, Anti-epileptic drugs.

[1]. Dave HH, Trivedi NA. Drug utilization pattern of antiepileptic agents among pediatric epilepsy at tertiary care teaching hospital of Gujarat: a cross sectional study. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol 2018;7:1606-11.
[2]. Goodman and Gilman, 12th edition, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Section II, Neuropharmacology, Chapter 21, pharmacotherapy of epilepsies, pg 225 – 235.
[3]. Kliegman. Stanton. St Geme. Schor, Nelson,Textbook of Paediatrics, First South Asia edition, volume 3, chapter-593, pag no: 2823-2857.
[4]. Egunsola O, Choonara I, Sammons HM. Anti-epileptic drug utilisation in paediatrics: a systematic review. BMJ paediatrics open. 2017;1(1).
[5]. Hanssens Y, Deleu D, Al Balushi K, Al Hashar A, Al‐Zakwani I. Drug utilization pattern of anti‐epileptic drugs: a pharmacoepidemiologic study in Oman. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics. 2002 Oct;27(5):357-64.

Abstract:Seizure-inducing effects have been observed in the treatment of Epileptic patients with anti epileptic drugs.The paradoxical increase may occur as a result of different mechanisms.Oxcarbazepine,a structural derivative of Carbamazepine is used as an anti-convulsant drug and mood stabilizing agent. Hyponatremia is seen in patients on oxcarbazepine, but symptomatic hyponatremia Is rare in patients on oxcarbazepine.Here we present a case of a 65 year old male with Seizure disorder with old CVA and systemic hypertension who was on oxcarbazepine therapy developed further increase in seizures and worsening mental status secondary to Severe hyponatremia..

Key Word: Seizures, oxcarbazepine ,hyponatremia

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[5]. Elinor BM.Seizure aggravation that oxcarbazepine requires monitoring. Epilepsy Curr.2008Jul;8(4):93-95.

Abstract: Background: Lymph nodes along with spleen and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue are secondary peripheral lymphoid organs, while thymus and bone marrow are the primary lymphoid organs. Due to their easy accessibility they are frequently examined for diagnosing lymphoreticular disorders. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in cytology section of the department of Pathology , in collaboration with Department of Paediatrics, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital during the period from February 2017 to February 2020 . Results: Cervical lymphadenopathy is a fairly common clinical presentation in children. Non specific reactive lymphadenitis was the commonnest......

Key Word: Cervical, aspiration, cytology and children

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[2]. Gupta AK, Nath TV, Yasoda M, Agarwal A, Kumar AA. A clinico-etiological study of cervical lymphadenopathy in children with special reference to ultrasonography. J Clin Exp Invest . Sept 2010;1(2):71-74.
[3]. Gupte S, Sahni KA, Adolescence. In: Gupte S, editor. The short text book of Pediatrics. 11thed. New delhi: Jaypee brothers;2009.p. 60-70.
[4]. Rakshan M, Rakshan A. The diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology in neck lymphoid masses. Iranian Journal of pathology 2009 june;4(4):147-150.
[5]. Orell SR, Sterrette GF, Whitaker D editors. Fine needle aspiration cytology. 4thed. New Delhi: Elsevier;2005.

Abstract: The present study aimed at studying the role MRI in salivary gland pathology with emphasis on diagnosis of salivary gland pathology and differential diagnoses of various salivary gland pathologies and to differentiate between malignant and benign lesions and its histopathological correlation Materials and methods: - The present prospective study wascarried out at department of radiology, Guru Gobind Singh Hospital and M P Shah Medical College, Jamnagar. Total 50patients with salivary gland pathology were examined with MRI and MRI findings were correlated with histopathological diagnosis. Results: -In our study of 50 patients, 60 % were male and 40% were female. Majority of the patients were adults which belongs to age group of 30 – 40 years. Among our patients 76% patients diagnosed as benign lesions on MRI and 26% were diagnosed as malignant lesion, most common benign lesion was pleomorphic adenoma (42%), the next common.......

Key Word: Salivary glands, MRI, Histopathology

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Abstract: Introduction : L'analyse des variations du taux de plaquettes dans certaines circonstances physiologiques ou pathologiques en particulier chez les femmes enceintes et chez les nouveau-nés peut permettre de déceler une thrombopénie et prévenir des hémorragies graves. L'objectif de ce travail est de définir la distribution des taux de plaquettes maternelles et néonatales aux Cliniques Universitaires de Lubumbashi et d'analyser la relation entre les plaquettes et certaines caractéristiques cliniques et biologiques du couple mère- enfant. Matériel et méthodes : Cette étude a été réalisée aux Cliniques Universitaires de Lubumbashi de Janvier 2018 à novembre 2019 sur des.....

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