iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2021

Abstract: Background : The importance of physical activity or any form of exercise for health is well recognised, but little is known about the influence of those physical activities on pulmonary functions. Regular exercise brings about many changes in the body thereby enabling lungs to function more positively. Prolonged training results in the overall increase in muscular mass, metabolic power and strength which also includes respiratory muscles. This enhancement of the respiratory muscle mass and strength can in turn result in increased efficiency of lungs, which will be reflected in the increased lung function values. Aims & Objective : Present study was conducted to explore the basic pulmonary functions in elderly males, which may generally vary according to the bio-physical characteristics including age, height, body weight, environment and mainly the lifestyle ( Physically active or sedentary)......

Key Words: Pulmonary Function Test (PFT), Land Activity, walking, Aquatic activity , Swimming, Sedentary elderly males.

[1]. Richard R Rosenkranz, Mitch J Duncan, Sara K Rosenkranz and Gregory S Kolt et al. Active lifestyles related to excellent self-rated health and quality of life cross sectional findings from 194,545 participants in the 45 and up study. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:1071.
[2]. Mark Stephen Tremblay, Rachel Christine Colley, Travis John Saunders, Genevieve Nissa Healy, and Neville Owen et al. Physiological and health implications of a sedentary lifestyle. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab 2010; 35: 725–740.
[3]. Badaam Khaled M, Munibuddin A, Khan S.T, Choudhari S.P, Doiphode R et al. Effect of traditional aerobic exercises versus sprint interval training on pulmonary function tests in young sedentary males a randomised controlled trial. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 2013.
[4]. José J Varo, Miguel A Martínez-González, Jokin de Irala-Estévez, John Kearney, Michael Gibney and J Alfredo Martínez et al. Distribution and determinants of sedentary lifestyles in the European union international. Journal of Epidemiology 2003; 32:138–146.
[5]. Fleg JL and Lakatta EG. Role of muscle loss in the age-associated reduction in VO2max. J Appl Physiol 65: 1147–1151, 1988.

Abstract: Background-In tropical countries especially in developing countries, an estimated 50 million Dengue infections occur annually. The incidence has increased 30 fold over the last 50 years due to urbanization and poor sanitation facilities. The diagnosis of Dengue is important for research into host, virus-vector characteristics, and for preparation of vaccine.With this background present study was conducted to know seroprevalence of dengue virus infection. Material and Methods- Total 4541 serum samples from dengue suspected patients were included in study from Jan 2016 –Dec 2020.These serum samples were subjected for detection of Dengue IgM Mac ELISA. Results and Discussion- Out of 4541 suspected cases 31.03% found positive for dengue virus infection. Dengue cases were found from start of the year showing no seasonal or month wise variation. Male and female both are equally affected by dengue infection..........

Keywords- Dengue, IgM, Elisa,Virus

[1]. Jayanthi Shastry, Manita Williamson, Nilima Vaidya, Sachee A. Nine year trends of dengue virus infection in Mumbai,Western India. J Lab Physicians. 2018;9(4):296–302.
[2]. Shankar P, Nair A. A study of trend of incidence of dengue cases attending a tertiary care hospital in urban Maharashtra. Int J Community Med Public Heal. 2020;7(8):3218.
[3]. World Health Organisation. Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever: Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control.2nd ed.Geneva,Switzerland:World Health Organisation :1997;p12-47
[4]. Hari P Nepal, Shamshul Ansari, Narayan Gyani, Rajendra Gautam, Rama Paudel, Sony Shrestha, Brihaspati Rimal, Anju Acharya, Moti LChapagain AWT-R. Detection Of IgM against Dengue Virus in Clinically Suspected Patients Presenting at a Tertiary Care Centre, Narayani Zone,Nepal. J Trop Dis. 2014;2(3).

Abstract: Background: Patients with transfusion dependent thalassemia (TDT) are susceptible to osteopenia and osteoporosis due to various factors. There are various studies regarding efficacy of bisphosphonate in treatment of osteoporosis in thalassemia but there still no established protocol for the management of osteoporosis in thalassemic patient. The aim of this study is evaluation of a simplified regimen based protocol in improvement of bone mineral density and improvement in quality of life of TDT patients. Materials and methods: It is an prospective, interventional study conducted over a duration of 1 year in TDT patients attending G.G.G. hospital for regular blood transfusion. After clearance from the ethical committee and consent from the parents, a total of 42 patients......

Keywords: Thalassemia, bone mineral density, bone loss treatment, bisphosphonate

[1]. Galanello R, Origa R. Beta-thalassemia. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2010 May 21;5:11. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-5-11
[2]. Sachdeva A, Jain R; Manual of thalessemia; Indian academy of pediatrics: 2008
[3]. Patel AP, Naik MR, et al, prevalence of common hemoglobinopathies in Gujarat: an analysis of a large population screening programme; pISSN: 0976 3325 eISSN: 2229 6816
[4]. Salama OS , Al-Tonbary YA, Shahin RA, Eldeen OA; Unbalanced bone turnover in children with beta-thalassemia; Hematology. 2006 Jun;11(3):197-202.
[5]. Prevention and management of osteoporosis; Report of a WHO Scientific Group. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2003 (WHO Technical Report Series, No. 921)

Abstract: Objective: To observe the clinical characteristics and assessment of lung function condition in survivors of RDS in infants at acute and chronic phase by using surfactant treatment and ventilation methods ,in order to know risk factors affecting pulmonary function of RDS infant's prognosis and lung squeals． Methods: From 2018 and 2019, RDS patients were diagnosed in the affiliated hospital of Yangzhou university (n=68) whereas total of 36 cases did not meet the observation criteria or were lost to follow-up and (n=32) Patients has been done their lung function. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Pulmonary dysfunction group (n=17), Normal lung function (n=15. The data of 32 NRDS cases were retrospectively analyzed to analyze the influencing factors of abnormal pulmonary function.
Results: The results suggest that abnormal lung........

Keywords- Newborn baby, Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), Infants Lung function tests, Prognosis Follow-up studies.

[1]. Reuter S, Moser C, Baack M. Respiratory distress in the newborn. Pediatr Rev. 2014;35(10):417-428. doi:10.1542/pir.35-10- 417.
[2]. Sardesai S, Biniwale M, Wertheimer F, et al. Evolution of surfactant therapy for respiratory distress syndrome: past, present, and future. Pediatr Res. 2017;81(1–2):240– 248.
[3]. Pattle, R.E., 1955. Properties, function and origin of Ž. the alveolar lining layer.Nat. Lond. 175,11251126.
[4]. Sardesai S, Biniwale M, Wertheimer F, et al. Evolution of surfactant therapy for respiratory distress syndrome: past, present, and future. Pediatr Res. 2017;81(1–2):240– 248.
[5]. Engle WA; American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Surfactant-replacement therapy for respiratory distress in the preterm and term neonate. Pediatrics. 2008;121(2):419–432.

Abstract: Background: Hysterectomy remains the most common major gynaecological surgery. The uterus has been regarded as the regulator and controller of important physiological functions, a sexual organ, a source of energy and vitality and a maintainer of youth and attractiveness. The main aim was to assess sexuality after hysterectomy using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and determine related risk factors for altered sexual functioning. Methods : This study was hospital based descriptive type of observational study. 150 cases were recruited in the study and informed written consent was taken from all patients. After detailed history taking, complete general physical examination, systemic examination.........

Keywords- Total abdominal hysterectomy, Female sexual function index(FSFI), Sexual Dysfunction.

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[3]. Goldstein I, Alexander JL. Practical aspects in the management of vaginal atrophy and sexual dysfunction in perimenopausal and
postmenopausal women. J Sex Med. 2005;2:154-165.
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recommendations. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy 31:153– 166.
[5]. Dennerstein L, Lehert P. 2004. Modeling mid-aged women's sexual functioning: a prospective, population based study. Journal of
Sex and Marital Therapy 30:173– 183.

Abstract: Depressed skull fractures make up 7-10% of children admitted in hospitals with head injury.Neurosurgeons should keep abreast of the current recommendations in light of the SARS-CoV-2pandemic. Here we describe a series of cases of closed depressed skull fracture with depression greater than 1 cm in children following trauma and associated protocols for admission and surgical management in Neurosurgery Unit during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Minimal intervention is the key in this pandemic so burr hole and elevation was done with excellent results..

Keywords- Depressed skull fracture, SARS-CoV-2, Closed System RT PCR

[1]. Nils Hecht, Lars Wessels, Finn Ove Werft, Ulf C Schneider etal. Need for ensuring care for neuroemergencies- lessons learned from the COVID pandemic. Acta Neurochirugica https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-020-04437-z.
[2]. Yusuf Ersahin, SaffetMutluer, HasanMirzai, IrfanPalali.Pediatric depressed skull fractures:analysis of 530 cases.Child's Nerf Syst 1996; 12:323-331.
[3]. Young Jin Kim, Sang Koo Lee, Maeng Ki Cho, Young Joon Kim.Elevation of depressed skull fracture with a cup of breast pump and a suction generator:A case report in technical aspects. J Korean NeurosurgSoc 2007;42:346-348.
[4]. KadirOktay, EbruGuzel, EmreUnal, TevfikYilmaz,etal.Outcome of Primary bone fragment Replacement in pediatric patients with depressed skull fracture.Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2018; DOI:1159/000495807.
[5]. Sherman C.Stein.The Evolution of Modern Treatment for Depressed Skull Fractures.WorldNeurosurgery.2019; 121:186-192.

Abstract: Introduction: India, with one of the world's fastest growing populations, is a nation very much in need of contraceptive counselling. To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding family planning methods and contraceptive practices among women of reproductive age group.
Materials and Methods: This is a facility-based cross-sectional study done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Hazaribagh Medical College and Hospital, Hazaribagh from September 2019 to September 2020. A total of 547 women in the reproductive age group attending OPD for various reasons were evaluated with a pre-designed questionnaire. Results: Of the 547 women interviewed and of the 498 women with a knowledge of contraceptives, only 342 women (62.5%) were using temporary........

Keywords- contraceptive, questionnaire, counselling

[1]. Baveja R, Buckshee K, Das K. Evaluating contraceptive choice through the method-mix approach. An Indian council of Medical Reasearch (ICMR) task force study. Contraception. 2000;61:113-9.
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[3]. Weldegerima B, Denekew A. Women's knowledge, preferences and practices of modern contraceptive methods in Woreta, Ethiopia. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2008:4:302-7.
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Abstract: Background India has the third largest population of HIV. Prevalence of HIV in India has declined which reflects the impact of scaled up HIV prevention intervention under the National AIDS Control Programme. HIV infection and its treatment can affect maternal and fetal outcome in pregnancy. The benefits of ART in decreasing mother to child transmission of HIV infection are largely undisputed. But, it may also compromise successful pregnancy and delivery resulting in adverse pregnancy outcome.......

Keywords- HAART, HIV, outcome

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[4]. Machado ES, Hofer CB, Costa TT, Nogueira SA, Oliveira RH, Abreu TF, et al. Pregnancy outcome in HIV-1-infected women receiving combination antiretroviral therapy prior ersus after conception . Sex Transm Infect. 2009;85(2):82-7
[5]. Iliff PJ, Piwoz EG, Tavengwa NV, Zunguza CD, Marinda ET, Nathoo KJ. Early exclusive breastfeeding reduces HIV-transmission and increases HIV-free survival. AIDS. 2005;19(7):699- 708.

Abstract: In this modern era, Varicose veins have become a common social problem and needs surgical interventions in order to improve the quality of life. Varicose veins are identified as dilated tortuous, thickened or widened veins which are the branches of great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein .1 The epidemiological data states that the prevalence of varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency affects 10-30% of general population.2 Based on the CEAP Classification, the severity of this condition ranges from telangiectatic veins to venous ulceration.3 Considering the anatomical aspects, perforator veins perform a normal function in transporting superficial venous blood inward to the deep veins.......

[1]. Lin F, Zhang S, Sun Y, Ren S, Liu P. The management of varicose veins. International surgery. 2015 Jan;100(1):185-9.
[2]. Evans CJ, Fowkes FG, Ruckley CV, Lee AJ. Prevalence of varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency in men and women in the general population: Edinburgh Vein Study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1999;53(3):149–153.
[3]. Abe Chandra et al on the 25 April 2014 Clinical review of varicose veins: epidemiology, diagnosis and management).
[4]. Cooper WM. The trendelenburg operation: With particular reference to its application as a preliminary measure in 261 cases of extensive and recurrent varicose veins treated by the injection method. The American Journal of Surgery. 1934 Apr 1;24(1):159-62.
[5]. Murad MH, Coto-Yglesias F, Zumaeta-Garcia M, Elamin MB, Duggirala MK, Erwin PJ, Montori VM, Gloviczki P. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the treatments of varicose veins. Journal of Vascular Surgery. 2011 May 1;53(5):49S-65S..

Abstract: Human Health Research: Portal is now offering a free web based and secure medical updates portal to enable hospitals, healthcare providers, researchers, pharmacist, doctors get to know about the recent updates in health care. Human Health Research portal which is web based platform that collects information from different sources into a single user interface and presents users with the most relevant information for their context Social media and healthcare are a powerful combination. Social networks have become an important health resource, and not just for millennial. Nearly 90% of older adults have used social media to seek and share health information. Human Health research is a web based portal systems used to in healthcare, including promoting awareness, encouraging.......

Keywords: Human Health Research, Various Medical Condition, Web Pased Portal Survey, Hypothyroid, Social Media Platform

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