iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2021

Abstract: Background- The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of two different doses of oral midazolam premedication on propofol induction dose and characteristics. Methods- 60 ASA I and II patients, falling between the age group of 20-50yrs were randomly divided in to two groups, group A and group B, who received 7.5mg and 15mg midazolam orally 45 mins before the surgery respectively. Before induction, degree of sedation was assessed by Ramsay sedation score. Propofol 1% infusion was started at a rate of 300 ml/hr (50 mg/min) and patients were assessed for 3 clinical endpoints-loss of eye lash reflex, dropping of hand and loss of response to trapezius squeeze.......

Key Words : Propofol, midazolam, premedication, Ramsay sedation score

[1]. Short TG, Chui PT. Propofol and midazolam act synergistically in combination. Br J Anaesth 1991; 67:539-45.
[2]. McClune S, McKay AC, Wright PMC, Patterson CC, Clarke RSJ: Synergistic interaction between midazolam and propofol. Br J Anaesth 1992; 69:240-45.
[3]. Gill PS, Shah J, Ogilvy A. Midazolam reduces the dose of propofol required for induction of anaesthesia and laryngeal mask airway insertion. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2001; 18(3):166-170.
[4]. Fanti L, Agostoni M, Arcidiacono PG, Albertin A, Strini G, Carrara S, Guslandi M, Torri G, Testoni PA. Target-controlled propofol infusion during monitored anesthesia care in patients undergoing EUS: Propofol alone versus midazolam plus propofol-A prospective double-blind randomized control trial. Digestive and Liver Disease 2007; 39:81-86.
[5]. Wali D, Mehta A, Gupta AK, Gupta V, Darswal P, Khanna J, Chowdhary A. A prospective, randomized, controlled trial study of comparison of two techniques for laryngeal mask airway insertion. Anaesth Pain & Intens Care 2010; 14(2):93-98.

Abstract: Purpose: the study was aimed to evaluate wether design of preparation and surface treatment affect translucency and roughness of zirconia laminate veneers. Materials and Methods: Atotal 28zirconia laminate veneers were prepared with even 0.5 mm thickness and A3 shade. The veneers were divided into four groups .Group L S: Line angle preparation and recieved selective infiltration etching ; Group CS: Middle contact preparation and selective infiltration etching; Group LF: line angle preparation and fusion sputtering ;Group CF: Middle contact preparation and fusion sputtering. Veneers translucency were measured with spectrophotometer and TP evaluated before and after surface treatment . Surface roughness was examined with non contact optical profilometer.........

Keywords- Surface treatment, Preparation design, Translucency, Surface topography, Laminate veneer, Zirconia.

[1]. Beier US, Kapferer I, Burtscher D, Dumfahrt H. Clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers for up to 20 years. Int J Prosthodont 2012; 25: 79–85.
[2]. Rinke S, Fischer C. Range of indications for translucent zirconia modifications: clinical and technical aspects. Quintessence Int 2013; 44: 557–566.
[3]. Zhang Y. Making yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia translucent. Dent Mater 2014; 30: 1195–1203
[4]. Kusaba K, Komine F, Honda J, Kubochi K, Matsumura H. Effect of preparation design on marginal and internal adaptation of translucent zirconia laminate veneers. Eur J Oral Sci 2018; 126 : 507-511.
[5]. Addison O, Marquis PM, Fleming GJ. Adhesive luting of all ceramic restorations-the impact of cementation variables and short-term water storage on the strength of a feldspathic dental ceramic. J Adhes Dent 2008; 10: 285–293.

Abstract: The selection of the treatment protocol for a patient with class II malocclusion will depend on many factors, the age and degree of skeletal discrepancy being relevant. Case Report: A 10-year and 10-month of age female patient is taken by her parents to the orthodontic department at the Autonomous University of Baja California (UABC), Mexico, requesting orthodontic treatment. Taking into account the results of the different analysis performed, a class II division I skeletal pattern was found due to a maxillary protrusion and a mandibular retrusion, presenting a deep bite and mixed dentition. Since the patient is growing up, a dentoalveolar compensation is chosen, using a 3D Maxillary Bimetric Distalizing Arch (3D-MBDA). Obtaining as a result the correction of molar and canine relationships to class I and better facial harmony were achieved. Conclusion: 3D-MBDA can be effectively used as an aid in compensatory orthodontic treatment of CII malocclusion.

Key Word: Orthodontics; Class II malocclusion; 3-D Maxillary Bimetric Distalizing Arch; Dentoalveolar compensation; Molar distalization.

[1]. Ugalde Morales FJ. Clasificación de la maloclusión en los planos anteroposterior, vertical y transversal. Rev ADM. 2007;64(3):97–109.
[2]. El-Bialy T, Kusnoto B. The Use of TADs with a Wilson Distalizing Arch. In: Park JH, editor. Temporary Anchorage Devices in Clinical Orthodontics. 1st ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2020. p. 161–7.
[3]. Nanda RS, Dandajena TC, Nanda R. Nonextraction Class II Correction. In: Nanda R, editor. ESTHETICS and BIOMECHANICS in ORTHODONTICS. 2nd ed. Connecticut: Elsevier; 2015. p. 205–16.
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Abstract: Background: Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the commonest enzyme deficiency in human. It can lead to haemolysis due to impairment in the production of reduced glutathione. In the neonates G6PD deficiency can lead to hyperbilirubinemia which can ultimately progress to the more serious condition of kernicterus if not diagnosed and treated in time. Material and Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out for a period of two years. 150 newborn babies with jaundice admitted in the paediatric ward were randomly.......

Key Word: Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, kernicterus.

[1]. Goyal M, Garg A, Goyal MB, et el. Newborn Screening for G6PD Deficiency: A 2-year Data from North India. Indian J of Public Health 2015; 59 (2) 145-148
[2]. Mukherjee MB, Colah RB, Snehal M et el. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency among tribal population of India – Coubtry scenario. Indian J Med Res 2015; 141(5):516-520.
[3]. Tooley WH. Intensive care nursery house staff manual. Very low and extremely low birth weight Infants. UCSF hospital. University of California. 8th ed. 2003; 65-8.
[4]. Jendrassik L. and Grof P; Biochem. Z. 1938; 81:297.
[5]. Rodak BF. Diagnostic Hematology. 5th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1995.p. 218..

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidural space identification most commonly performed by LOR (Loss Of Resistance) technique, is a blind procedure and success depends on many anatomical variations, correct identification. There is a positive correlation between BMI (Body Mass Index) and skin to epidural space depth. USG technique has been attributed to more accurate estimation of epidural space depth. We conducted the study to compare the skin to epidural space distance obtained by formulated predictive equation of BMI and LOR technique, USG technique in the patients scheduled for elective surgery and pain relief. METHODS: A prospective, randomized study was conducted in 60 patients belonging to ASA physical status I, II in age group 18 -60 years scheduled for elective.......

Key Word: Epidural space depth, BMI, LOR technique, USG technique.

[1]. Komaljit Kaul Ravi, Tej K. Kaul, SuneetKathuria, Shikha Gupta,Sandeep Khurana; Distance from skin ti Epidural Space: Correlation with Body Mass Index
[2]. Bruggemann da Conceição, TSAII; Gustavo MeurerIII; Claudia SwarovskyIII; Getúlio Rodrigues de Oliveira Filho, Pablo EscovedoHelayel, TSAI; Diogo .Evaluating the depth of the epidural space with the use of ultrasound
[3]. Rev. Bras. Anestesiol. vol.60 no.4 Campinas July/Aug.2010) V.L.H. Hoffmann, M.P. Vescauteren, J.P. Vrengde, G.H. Hans, H.C. Coppejans and H.A. Adriaensencompared skin to Epidural Space Distance (SED) and Tip to Tip Distance(TTD), a measureof Posterior Epidural space Depth(PESD), in 40 patients with a 27G whitacre needle after identification of the epidural space using the Hanging Drop(HD) or Loss of Resistance(LOR) and air technique
[4]. Maria Bauer, John E.George III, John seif, and Ehab Farag, In 1980, cork and colleagues and cursive were able to localize and estimate the distance from the skin to epidural space by USG. The increasing popularity of this technique is due to accurate estimations, optimal determination of the needle insertion point's angle and reduce the failure rate..

Abstract: The effects of different boron doses (boron-free, pure boro, boron diluted in 1/2 and 1/8 ratios) on the ratio and quality of essential oil in medicinal sage (Salvia officinalis L.) during the years 2016 and 2017 were investigated. Field trials were conducted with the randomized block design in triplicates. The essential oil of S. officinalis L. was obtained by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) with flame ionization detection (FID). Besides, different boron doses (boron-free, 1/2 diluted, 1/8 diluted doses) had a positive effect on the essential oil yield and essential oil components. The required measurement could not be taken in the pure dose application because the plants were damaged. In the analysis carried out on dry leaf, the main components of essential oil were found as follows: α-thujone 32.99%; 1.8-cineol 17.41% for the boron-free dose; viridiflorol 24.25%, manool 15.28% for the 1/2 boron dose, and lastly, α-thujone 32.31%, camphor 14.23% for the 1/8 boron dose. In this study, different compounds......

Key Word: Boron; GC–MS; Medical sage; Natural fertilizer; Viridiflorold

[1]. KHC Baser, T Ozek, B Yıldız, Z Bahcecıoglu, G, "Tumen Composition of the essentia oil of Nepeta fissa CA Meyer". The Journal 12: 27-28, 2000.
[2]. M Brdar-Jokanović, "Boron Toxicity and Deficiency in Agricultural Plants", International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21:1424, 2020.
[3]. A Ceylan, E Bayram, N Kaya, H Otan, "A Study on the Identification of the Chemotypes of Melissa officinalis L., Origanum onites L., and Salvia triloba L. species in the Agean Region of Turkey and their Cultivation", TÜBİTAK (Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) Project Report TOAG-788, 1994.
[4]. C Cheng, B "Rerkasem Effects of boron on pollen viability in wheat", Plant and Soil 155: 313-315, 1993.
[5]. S Ekren, C Sonmez, S Sancaktaroglu, E Bayram, "The Effect of Different Harvesting Heights on The Agronomical and Technological Properties of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Genotypes", Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Ege University, 44 : 55-70, 2007

Abstract: AIM- Regeneration of soft and hard tissue following removal of periapical lesion and sealing of apical third of root dentin.
METHODS AND MATERIALS- One of the most common pathological condition affecting periradicular tissues is periapical lesions which can be radicular cysts, dental granulomas or abscess. Conventional endodontic treatment aims to eradicate bacteria from root canal system and establish effective barrier against root recontamination. When conventional endodontic therapy does not give favourable outcome endodontic surgery is recommended in periapical diseases treatment. Apicoectomy includes curettage of periapical lesion followed by root end resection and retrograde filling using a biocompatible material. CONCLUSION- Surgical endodontic treatment is an adjunct to conventional endodontics which is an invasive procedure, reducing the time period needed for healing of periapical lesions..

Key Word: Apicoectomy, Root resection, Retrograde filling, Periapical lesion

[1]. Karunakaran JV, Abraham CS, Karthik AK, Jayaprakash N: Successful nonsurgical management of periapical lesions of endodontic origin: a conservative orthograde approach. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2017, 9:246-251. 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_100_17
[2]. Croitoru IC, CraiToiu S, Petcu CM, et al.: Clinical, imagistic and histopathological study of chronic apical periodontitis. Rom J MorpholEmbryol. 2016, 57:719-728.
[3]. Schulz M, T von Arx, Altermatt HJ, Bosshardt D: Histology of periapical lesions obtained during apical surgery. J Endod. 2009, 35:634-42. 10.1016/j.joen.2009.01.024
[4]. Kim S, Kratchman S. Modern endodontic surgery concepts and practice: a review. J Endod 2006;32:601-23.
[5]. Siqueira Jr JF. Reaction of periradicular tissues to root canal treatment: benefits and drawbacks. Endod Topics 2005;10:123-47..

Abstract: Introduction: Stressful life events are considered as one of the etiological factors triggering the onset of psychotic disorder. This study examines the role of stressful life events preceding the onset of ATP, first episode schizophrenia and affective psychosis. Aim: To assess the Association of Stressful Life Events In the onset of illness in ATP, First Episode Schizophrenia and Affective Psychosis. Methodology: A cross-sectional comparative study conducted at government hospital for mental care, Andhra medical college, Visakhapatnam with a study sample consisting of 150 patients of which 50 patients had diagnosis of ATP,50 patients had diagnosis........

Key Word: Stressful life events, Acute and Transient Psychosis, First Episode, Schizophrenia, Affective Psychosis.

[1]. Dohrenwend BS, Dohrenwend BP. Stressful life events: Their nature and effects. John Wiley & Sons; 1974
[2]. Kapur RL, Pandurangi AK. A comparative study of reactive psychosis and acute psychosis without precipitating stress. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 1979 Dec;135(6):544-50.
[3]. Raune D, Kuipers E, Bebbington P. Stressful and intrusive life events preceding first episode psychosis. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences. 2009 Sep;18(3):221-8.
[4]. Chakraborty R, Chatterjee A, Choudhary S, Singh AR, Chakraborty P. Life events in acute and transient psychosis—a comparison with mania. Ger J Psychiatr. 2007 Apr 1;10:36-40.
[5]. World Health Organization. The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: diagnostic criteria for research. World Health Organization; 1993..

Abstract: Background: Highly resistant bacterial infections are associated with high mortality. The management of Blood Stream Infections is complicated in an era of antimicrobial resistance. The choice of antimicrobial therapy for blood stream infections is often empirical and based on knowledge of local antimicrobial activity profiles4. The objective of this study was to determine the pattern of blood isolates from the blood cultures at a tertiary care hospital and determine their antibiotic resistance. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Department of Microbiology, Sunshine Hospital, Secunderabad, from January 01, 2019 to April 30th, 2019. Blood culture positive isolates were identified by BacT/Alert 3D, an automated blood culture system, while identification of samples and the AST was performed by Vitek 2 Compact........

[1]. Shraddha Siwakoti, Asish Subedi, et.al; Incidence and outcomes of multidrug resistant Gram –negative bacterial infections in Intensive Care Unit from Nepal. Siwakoti et.al. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control (2018) 7:114.
[2]. Nipa Singh, Dipti Pattnaik, Dhruba Kumar Neogi, et.al; Prevalence of ESBL in Escherichia coli Isolates among ICU patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Journal of Clinical Diagnostic Research.2016 Sep,Vol-10(9): DC-19-DC22
[3]. Walker KJ, Lee YR, Klar AR; Clinical Outcomes of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae Infections with Susceptibilities among Levofloxacin, Cefepime and Carbapenems. Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, Volume 2018, Article ID 37475271.
[4]. Asifa Nazir, Ifshana Sana, et.al; Study of prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of blood culture isolates from a tertiary care hospital of North India. Nazir A et al.Int J Res Med Sci. 2018 Dec; 6(12):4046-4052.
[5]. George G. Zhanel, Melanie DeCorby, Heather Adam et.al; Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistant pathogens in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study (CANWARD 2008). Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Nov-2010, p. 4684-4693..