iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2022

Abstract: Background: Ankle fractures are among the most common injuries treated by orthopaedic surgeon. This is because it is relatively mobile and bear much of the stresses associated with weight bearing. Anatomic restoration of the joint is the goal of management in ankle fractures. The purpose of this study is to analyse the cause and the patterns of ankle fractures as well as functional outcomes of surgically treated ankle fractures. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study done in Mahadevappa Rampure medical college Kalaburagi from 1st October 2019 to 31stOctober 2021. We studied 25 patients who underwent surgery for ankle fractures. Olerud and molandar....

Key Word: Ankle fractures, Lauge-Hansen, Danis-Weber, Olerud and Molander scoring, functional outcome

[1]. Jensen S, Anderson B. Epidemiology of ankle fractures. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. 1998; 69: 48-50.
[2]. Roy I, DavidovitchEgol AK. Ankle Fractures. In: Bucholz WR, Charles, Heckman JD, Paultornetta, Editors. Rockwood and Greens Fractures in Adults. Edition 7. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Publishers, 2009, 1975-2017
[3]. Simon WH, Friedenburg S, Richardson S. Joint Congruence; A correlation of joint congruence and thickness of articular cartilage in cogs. J Bone Joint Surg. 1973; 55:1614.
[4]. Shelton Marvin L. Complication of fractures and dislocation of the ankle. In: Complications in orthopaedic surgery, Chapter 23, 3rd edn., edt. EPPS, Charles H, Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company. 1994; I:595-648.
[5]. Ashurst APC, Bromer RS. Classification and mechanism of fracture of leg bones involving the ankle: based on a study of 300 cases from the Episcopal Hospital. Arch Surg. 1992; 4:51-129.

Abstract: Cardiac myxoma is a rare cause, but an important etiology as well for stroke in the young [11]. Although rare, myxoma remains the most common heart tumor in adults (9). Commonly found in the left atrium. However, nonspecific systemic symptoms and minor embolic phenomena may be over- looked in the absence of any history of cardiac problems. In this situation, cardiac investigations may not be performed and diagnosis of this rare condition may be delayed until the onset of more significant embolic disease, such as stroke with functional impairment, as in the case reported here. The clinical presentation of cardiac myxoma is discussed, along with appropriate investigations and treatment, which may prevent such sequelae. We report the case of patient....

[1]. Haroun M J, Nair V, Salehian O. Now you see it, now you don't? [J]. Circulation, 2015, 131(21): 1872-1879.
[2]. Burke AP, Tazelaar H, Gomez-Roman JJ. Cardiac myxoma. In: Travis WD, Brambilla E, Müller-Hermelink HK Harris CC, eds. WHO Classification of Tumors. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2004; pp. 260–263
[3]. Mallick SR, Das P, Shukla B, Kothari S, Devagourou V, Ray R. Right atrial myxoma with glandular differentiation: a rare entity in pediatric age group. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2010; 3: 159–162.
[4]. Desousa AL, Muller J, Campbell R, Batnitzky S, Rankin L. Atrial myxoma: a review of the neurological complications, metastases, and recurrences.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1978; 41:1119–1124. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.41.12.1119
[5]. Lee VH, Connolly HM, Brown RD. Central nervous system manifestations of cardiac myxoma.Arch Neurol. 2007; 64:1115–1120. doi: 10.1001/archneur.64.8.1115 ..

Abstract: La main ne représente que 2.5% de la surface corporelle, mais son rôle social, esthétique, relationnel et professionnel est majeur. Les brûlures de la main sont souvent graves du fait de leur potentiel séquellaire, esthétique et fonctionnel. Elle nécessite une prise en charge spécialisée, dès la phase aigüe, idéalement dans un centre de brûlé, afin d'obtenir une cicatrisation avec un minimum de séquelles.

...

Abstract: Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical complication found in obstetrics patient unrelated to obstetrics. In our study we have considered cases of pregnant females in previous three years. Methods: In our study we took 20 pregnant females who were operated for open appendicectomy. We have compare criteria like age, gender, clinical finding, blood investigations, radiological investigations, intra-op finings, and also considering average hospital stay, days of admission and postoperative results. Results: 16Out of a
20 patients, 16 patients were operated for......

Keywords: appendicitis, pregnancy, surgical intervention

[1]. Kilpatrick CC, Monga M. Approach to the acute abdomen in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2007;34:389-402, x.
[2]. Stone K. Acute abdominal emergencies associated with preg- nancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2002;45:553-61.
[3]. Coleman MT, Trianfo VA, Rund DA. Nonobstetric emergen- cies in pregnancy: trauma and surgical conditions. Am J Ob- stet Gynecol 1997;177:497-502.
[4]. Terzi A, Yildiz F, Vural M, Coban S, Cece H, Kaya M. A case series of 46 appendectomies during pregnancy. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2010;122:686-90.
[5]. Kilpatrick CC, Orejuela FJ. Management of the acute ab- domen in pregnancy: a review. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2008;20:534-9.

Abstract: Background: In humans, free iron is unavailable to pathogens due to the binding of iron to transferrin and ferritin, which is a defence mechanism against Mucorales. The virus interacts with the hemoglobin molecule through ACE- 2 Receptor during infection, resulting in hemolysis and iron overload. In covid- 19 infection serum, ferritin is released into the circulation in more quantities. It loses its iron content after getting released into the circulation, thereby increasing the levels of iron in the serum and further leading to activation of reactive oxygen species. Patients with high serum ferritin levels are more prone to get a severe grade of mucormycosis.......

Keywords: COVID-19, Mucormycosis, Serum ferritin

[1]. Singh AK, Singh R, Joshi SR, Misra A. Mucormycosis in COVID-19: A systematic review of cases reported worldwide and in India. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2021 Jul-Aug;15(4):102146. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.05.019. Epub 2021 May 21. PMID: 34192610; PMCID: PMC8137376.
[2]. Agnihotri AK, Vij M, Aruoma OI, Yagnik VD, Bahorun T, Villamil ME, et al. The Double Trouble: COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis a Focused Review and Future Perspectives. Glob J Med Pharm Biomed Update 2021;16:4.
[3]. Jose A, Singh S, Roychoudhury A, Kholakiya Y, Arya S, Roychoudhury S. Current Understanding in the Pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2-Associated Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis: A Comprehensive Review. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. June 2021:1- [PMC free article] [PubMed].
[4]. Alan M. Sugar, Mucormycosis, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 14, Issue Supplement_1, March 1992, Pages S126–S129, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/14.Supplement_1.S126.
[5]. Artis WM, Fountain JA, Delcher HK, Jones HE. A mechanism of susceptibility to mucormycosis in diabetic ketoacidosis: transferrin and iron availability. Diabetes. 1982;31:1109–1114. doi: 10.2337/diacare.31.12.1109.

Abstract: Introduction: Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair is performed more and more nowadays because of its mini-invasive nature and demonstrated good results. Laparoscopic procedures are especially suitable for recurrent and bilateral inguinal hernia.Total extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair is the preferred method among the existing laparoscopic techniques. Aim and Objective: To compare spinal versus general anesthesia in total extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair. Material and Methods: This was hospital based prospective interventional study conducted during September 2020 to till sample size is achieved at Department.......

Keywords: spinal anesthesia, general anesthesia, total extraperitoneal, inguinal hernia

[1]. Kulen FT, Tihan D, Duman U, Bayam E, Zaim G. Laparoscopic partial cholecystectomy:A safe and effective alternative surgical technique in difficult cholecystectomies. Turkish Journal of Surgery.
[2]. Mitra S, Khandelwal P, Roberts K, Kumar S, Vadivelu N. Pain relief in laparoscopic cholecystectomy - A review of the current options. Pain Pract.
[3]. Ra YS, Kim CH, Lee GY, Han JI. The analgesic effect of the ultrasound-guided transverse abdominis plane block after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2010.
[4]. Rafi AN. Abdominal field block:A new approach via the lumbar triangle. Anaesthesia. 2001.
[5]. Finnerty O, McDonnell JG. Transversusabdominis plane block. CurrOpinAnaesthesiol. 2012..

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this clinical study was to determine the relationship of tooth shade and skin tone and its influence on the smile attractiveness among Dental students. Materials and methods: A cross sectional study conducted among 336 (Male:144, Female:192) in Tamilnadu. A consent was obtained from each participant prior to being enrolled in this survey. The nature and purpose of the study explained to institution review board of Priyadarshini Dental College and Hospital and ethical clearance was obtained. A smile photograph was digitally manipulated to create a range of images with varying colors. The skin shade was modified to create four tones (p1: light,....

Keywords: Esthetics, Skin tone, Smile attractiveness, Tooth color.

[1]. Di Murro B, Gallusi G, Nardi R, Libonati A, Angotti V, Campanella V. The relationship of tooth shade and skin tone and its influence on the smile attractiveness. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2020 Jan;32(1):57-63.
[2]. Quinzi, Scibetta ET, Marchetti E, et al.Analyze my face.J Biol Requl Homeost Agewnts.2018;32:149-158.
[3]. Mummolo S, Nota A, Marchetti E,Padricelli G, Marzo.The 3D tele motion tracking for the orthodontic facial analysis.Biomed Red Int.2016;2016;1-6.
[4]. Ruchika S. Sabherwal, Juan Gonzalez and Farhad B. Naini Assessing the Influence of Skin Color and Tooth Shade Value on Perceived Smile Attractiveness. J Am Dent Assoc 2009;140;696-705.
[5]. Zarb GA, Bolender CL, Hickey JC, Carlsson GE. Boucher's Prosthodontic treatment for edentulous patients. The C.V. Mosby Co. St.Louis 1990;338-40

Abstract: Background: Viral hepatitis is a major health problem in developing and developed countries. In India all forms of viral hepatitis are seen in paediatric age group. Acute viral hepatitis (AVH) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in them. Fulminant hepatic failure is a life-threatening condition characterized by jaundice, encephalopathy and coagulopathy leading to multi organ failure in a patient with no prior history of liver disease. The present study determined the current scenario of various infective causes of hepatitis and assess prognostic factors of acute infective hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based prospective observation study. 108children (1-15 years old) fulfilling the case definition of acute infective hepatitis and/or fulminant hepatic failure were included in the study duration of 12 months. In each.....

Keywords: Acute infective hepatitis, Fulminant hepatic failure, Hyperammonemia, Multiorgan failure

[1]. Dientardt F. Seroepidemiological study of hepatitis B. WHO Chr. 1983;37(6):203-4.
[2]. Sarker NR, Saha SK, Ghosh DK, Adhikary A, Mridha A, et al. (2014) Seropositivity of viral markers in icteric children. Bangladesh Med J43(1): 26-29.
[3]. Kim WR, Brown RS Jr, Terrault NA, El-Serag H. Burden of liver diseases in the United States: Summary of workshop. Hepatology. 2002;36(1):227-42.
[4]. Anderson D, Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, McGraw Hill Medical Publishing Division 16th edition.2015. 285:1822-1832.
[5]. Singh M. Medical emergencies in children. Sagar Publications; 3rd edition. 2000:25;386-406..

Abstract: Objectives: To assess maternal and perinatal outcome in patients presenting with Abruptioplacentae. Methods and Material: This is a prospective study done at Siddhartha Medical College, Government General Hospital, Vijayawada from December 2017 to November 2019. All cases of Abruptio Placentae after 20 weeks of gestation whose diagnosis is confirmed clinically, or by ultrasound and or by retrospectively by retroplacental clots following delivery. Outcome was measured in terms of complications like anaemia,shock,acute renal failure,DIC,other puerperal infections and death.Perinatal outcome was noted in terms of pre term births, still births and NICU admissions. Result: In 14,959 deliveries in our hospital......

Keywords: Abruptioplacentae,perinatal,maternal complications. Abbreviations: PIH – Pregnancy Induced Hypertension, DIC - Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, PPH - Postpartum Hemorrhage, IUD - Intra Uterine Death

.....

Abstract: Background: The levels of sex hormones in coronary heart disease are of interest for several reasons. The disease is common in men and relatively rare in pre-menopausal women . The present study was designed to evaluate the possible alterations in the levels of sex hormone estradiol and lipid profile and also to elucidate the nterrelationship between them in young men in the acute phase of myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods: A case control study conducted among 45 male survivors of Myocardial Infarction confirmed by electro cardio graphic changes and conclusive enzyme changes, and age matched normal control group from the healthy donors who visited the Blood bank. The quantitative data collected and the mean values were tested statistically by using Mann-Whitney U test. a non parametric test for variables and Pearson correlation test to see any association......

Keywords: Hyperestrogenemia Acute Myocardial infarction, Young male survivours of MI ,Lipids

[1]. Kendall D A, Narayana K. Effects of estradiol-17 beta on monoamine concentrations in the hypothalamus of anestrous ewe. J. Physiol 1978; 282: 44-45.
[2]. Gutai J, Laporte R, Kullar L, et al: Plasma testosterone, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and other lipoprotein fractions. Am J Cardiol. 1981; 48:897-901,
[3]. Philips G B. Sex hormones, risk factors and cardiovascular disease. Am J Med. 197; 6 5:7-11.
[4]. Philips G B. Evidence for hyperestrogenaemia as risk factor for myocardial infarction in men. Lancet. 1976; 11; 14-18.
[5]. Kliks BR, Burgess MJ, Abilol Skov JA. Influence of sympathetic tone on ventricular threshold during experimental coronary occulution. Am J. cardiol 1975;36: 45 – 49.

Abstract: Spontaneous pregnancy loss , especially when faced with recurrent losses devastates the couple both physically and mentally. Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as 3 consecutive pregnancy loss prior to 20 weeks1. Most common etiologies for spontaneous miscarriages are endocrine abnormalities, autoimmune disorders, uterine anomalies and genetic factors2. But even after evaluating these causes , almost 50 % of the cases still remain unexplained3......

[1]. Carington B, Sacks G, Regan C. Recurrent Miscarriage pathophysiology and outcome. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2005;17:591-7
[2]. Kaur R, Gupta K. Endocrine dysfunction and recurrent spontaneous abortion: An overview. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2016;6(2):79-83. doi:10.4103/2229-516X.179024
[3]. Ford HB, Schust DJ. Recurrent pregnancy loss: etiology, diagnosis, and therapy. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2009;2(2):76-83.
[4]. Ganguly P, Alam SF. Role of homocysteine in the development of cardiovascular disease. Nutr J. 2015;14:6. Published 2015 Jan 10. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-14-6
[5]. Kim J, Kim H, Roh H, Kwon Y. Causes of hyperhomocysteinemia and its pathological significance. Arch Pharm Res. 2018 Apr;41(4):372-383. doi: 10.1007/s12272-018-1016-4. Epub 2018 Mar 19. PMID: 29552692