iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2022

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to analyze the use of reconstruction plates as an effective measure to get a near anatomical reduction and stable fixation in acetabular fractures and document their clinical, radiological and functional outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study carried out under the Department of Orthopaedics, S.R.G. medical college Jhalawar. The study consists of 20 patients of fracture acetabulum who were treated by ORIF with a reconstruction plate and fulfilling the inclusion criteria operated at our institute by or under the supervision of senior professors of the Orthopaedics.......

KEYWORDS- acetabular fractures, reconstruction plate, modified Merle d'Aubigné score

[1]. Letournel E. Acetabulum fractures: classification and management. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1980;151:81–106.
[2]. Mardian S, Rau D, Hinz P, et al. Acetabular fractures in advanced age - current knowledge and treatment options. Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 2017;84(4):241–6
[3]. Judet R, Judet J, Letournel E. Fractures of the acetabulum: Classification and surgical approaches for open reduction: a preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1964;46:1615-75.
[4]. Tile M, Pennal G. Pelvic disruption: Principles of management. Clin Orth and Related Research 1980 Sept;151: 56-64.
[5]. Richter H, et al. The use of spring plates in the internal fixation of acetabular fractures. J Orthop Trauma 2004;18:179-181..

Abstract: Background: Menstruation is a phenomenon unique to the females. Menarche marks the beginning of a multitude of physical, physiological and psychological changes in the lives of the adolescent girls. Reproductive tract infections are around 70% more common among reproductive women who had poor menstrual hygiene practices.. Materials and Methods: : This was a cross- sectional study conducted in a Government Medical College and Hospital Aurangabad among female medical students belonging to 1st year to 4th year of MBBS. All female medical students who give consent were included in the study. Results: : During the study period total...

Keywords: Menarche, Menstrual hygiene

[1]. UNICEF-The State of World‟s Children Adolescence: An age of opportunity; 2011:23. Available from: http://www.unicef.org/adolescence/files/SOWC_201 1_Main_Report_EN_02092011.
[2]. Lawan UM, Yusuf NW, Musa AB. Menstruation and menstrual hygiene amongst adolescent school girls in Kano, northwestern Nigeria, African journal of reproductive health. 2010;14(3):201-8.
[3]. Dasgupta A, Sarkar M. Menstrual hygiene: How hygiene is the adolescent girl? IJCM. 2008;33(2):77- 80.
[4]. Yasmin S, Manna N, Malik S, Ahmed A, Paria B.Menstrual hygiene among adolescent school students : An in-depth cross-sectional study in an urban community of west Bengal, India .IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 2013;5:00_6.
[5]. Misra P, Upadhyay RP, Sharma V, Anand K, Gupta V. A community -based study of menstrual hygiene practices and willingness to pay for sanitary napkins among women of a rural community in northern India. Natl Med J India. 2013;26:335_7..

Abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: This article evaluates the fracture resistance of mandibular premolars instrumented using rotary and reciprocating files and obturated with different obturation techniques. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Sixty extracted human mandibular premolars were decoronated at the level of cementoenamel junction and working length was determined using #10 K-file. Specimens were randomly divided into five groups as control group (no treatment), K3XF file system group (rotary motion), EdgeEndo file system (rotary motion), ProTaper Next file system (reciprocation motion) and Reciproc Blue file system (reciprocating motion). Except Group I, all groups were prepared using #15 K-file and later, preparation was followed with the respective file systems.....

Key word: Endodontics, Obturation, Biomechanical preparation, Irrigation, Fracture resistance

[1]. Liu W, Buling W. Root Canal Surface Strain and Canal Center Transportation Induced by 3 Different Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instrument Systems. J Endod 2016;42(2):299-303.
[2]. Karatas E, Ates H. Dentinal Crack Formation during Root Canal Preparations by the Twisted File Adaptive, ProTaper Next, ProTaper Universal, and WaveOne Instruments. J Endod 2015;41(2):261-4.
[3]. Mohan G. A Comparative Evaluation of Effect of Instrument design on inducing root fracture -An in-vitro study. Arch Dent Med Res 2015;1(2):1-13.
[4]. Oliveira BP, Camara AC. Micro–computed Tomographic Analysis of Apical Microcracks before and after Root Canal Preparation by Hand, Rotary, and Reciprocating Instruments at Different Working Lengths. J Endod 2017;43(7):1143-1147.
[5]. Shen Y, Coil JM, McLean AG, Hemerling DL, Haapasalo M. Defects in nickel-titanium instruments after clinical use. Part 5: single use from endodontic specialty practices. J Endod 2009;35(10):1363-7.

Abstract: Background: Schizophrenia is regardes as a psychiatric disorder with unknown etiology. Genetic factor, environmental insults and their interactions are purposed etiologies in the disease development. Also there are many studies which discuss about immunologic aspects of schizophrenia. Materials and Methods: The aim of the study was to determine the serum concentrations of immunoglobulins of schizophrenic patients and to find out the relationship between immunoglobulin concentrations and the duration of illness. The study included 134 schizophrenic patients (main group) and 50 healthy subjects (control group). Schizophrenic patients were selected from.....

Key Word: schizophrenia, immune system, immunoglobulin levels, duration of illness, neuroleptic treatment

[1]. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). DSM-5. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. Washington. DC: American Psychiatric Association.
[2]. Balata, C. & Iscrulescu, C. (2002). Serum immunoglobulin levels in schizoaffective disorders. Romanian Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry, 30(1), 63-71.
[3]. Barguest, J. & Barguest, S. (1993). Demonstration of immunoglobulin G with affinity for dopamine in cerebrospinal fluid from psychotic patients. Clinical Chemical ACTA, 217(2), 129-142.
[4]. Boas, M. (2000). Role of natural and immune IgM antibodies in immune response. Mol Immunology, 37, 1141-1149.
[5]. Brasov, O.S., Kelda, V.G. & Larva, V.F. (2007). Cytomegalovirus infection as a factor of résistance to treatment with narcoleptics in adolescence patients with firs episode of endogenous psychosis. Psychiatry, 4, 62-71

Abstract: World Health Organization (WHO) estimated 1,24,000 Multi-drug resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) cases in India in the year 2020.1 Treatment of MDR TB is more challenging than the drug-sensitive TB because of requirement to take more toxic multidrug regimens for longer duration of times with the higher rates of adverse drug reactions and lower cure rates.2 Peripheral neuropathy (PN) has been reported in MDR TB patients with varying rates in different studies, ranging from 13% to 29%.3,4 PN is a condition where the peripheral nerves gets affected, compromising the relay of information. In TB, PN can occur because of the anti-tubercular drugs, the associated co-morbidities or the disease....

[1]. WHO. Global Tuberculosis Report 2020
[2]. Farmer P E, Furin J J, Shin S S. The clinical management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. J Respir Dis 2000; 21: 53–56
[3]. Furin JJ, Mitnick CD, Shin SS, Bayona J, Becerra MC, Singler JM, Alcantara F, Castanieda C, Sanchez E, Acha J, Farmer PE ,Kim JY. Occurrence of serious adverse effects in patients receiving community-based therapy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tubercul Lung Disease 2001;5(7):648–55.
[4]. Agyeman AA, Ofori-Asenso R. Efficacy and safety profile of linezolid in multi
[5]. drug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic

Abstract: Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) constitutes a group of rare genetically transmitted diseases with several methods of inheritance and various degrees of severity and presentation. It is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies at the level of basement membrane zone. It is an inherited autosomal dominant or recessive disease with incidence of 8-10 per million births. It is equally prevalent in both sexes and occurs in all racial & ethnic groups. It usually presents at birth with various subtypes (simplex, junctional, dystrophic, Kindler syndrome). Over 34 different forms of EB have been identified. The prominent clinical characteristic is blistering......

Keywords: Blisters, Erosions, Fragile skin, Milia, Dystrophic nails

[1]. Parushetti AD, Agrawal JM, Nanjannawar LG, Agrawal MS. Oral manifestations of epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica: a rare genetic disease. BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Jan 23;2013:bcr2012007963. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2012-007963. PMID: 23349175; PMCID: PMC3604461.
[2]. Nusrat N, Altaf H C. Oral Manifestations of a Patient with Epidermolysis Bullosa: Case Report. Adv Dent & Oral Health: 2017; 7(1): 555704. DOI: 10.19080/ADOH.2017.07.555704.
[3]. Asma, Al Jobeir, Hereditary Epidermolysis Bullosa: report of two cases. SDJ- Saudi Dental Journal[The]. 2006:18(3): 155-161 ID: emr-81057.
[4]. Dağ C, Bezgin T, Özalp N. Dental management of patients with epidermolysis bullosa. Oral Health Dent Manag. 2014 Sep;13(3):623-7. PMID: 25284524.
[5]. Oliveira TM, Sakai VT, Candido LA, Silva SM, Machado MA. Clinical management for epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica. J Appl Oral Sci. 2008 Jan-Feb;16(1):81-5. doi: 10.1590/s1678-77572008000100016. PMID: 19089295; PMCID: PMC4327286

Abstract: Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women, and the seventh overall, with an estimated 530,000 new cases per 100,000 in 2008. More than 85% of the global burden occurs in developing countries, where it accounts for 13% of all female cancers. Overall, the mortality: incidence ratio is 52%, and cervical cancer was responsible for 275,000 deaths in 2008, about 88% of which occurred in developing countries: 53,000 in Africa, 31,700 in Latin America and the Caribbean, and 159,800 in Asia. In Bangladesh, the incidence of cervical cancer is about 17,686....

[1]. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F et al. GLOBOCAN 2008: cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. IARC Cancer Base. No. 10 Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2010. http://globocan.iarc.fr.
[2]. Sherris J, Wittet S, Kleine A, Sellers J, Luciani S, Sankaranarayanan R, Barone M et al. 'Evidence-Based, Alternative Cervical Cancer Screenin Approaches in Low-Resource Settings' International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health'2009;35;3:147-151.
[3]. Akhter PS, Uddin MM, Sharma SK. Patterns of malignant neoplasm-A three year study. Bangladesh Med J 1998;27:29-32.
[4]. Ostor AG. Natural history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a critical review. Int J Gynecol Pathol 1993; 12: 186-192.
[5]. Ahmed T, Ashrafunnessa, Rahman J. Development of a visual inspection programme for cervical cancer prevention in Bangladesh. Reprod Health Matters. 2008; 16:78-85.

Abstract: Background: Covid-19 is an emerging respiratory disease caused by Coronavirus. It is known to cause diseases ranging from common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome. It is a pandemic known to have affected every sector of life, hence the need to contain its spread. The adherence to the various precautionary measures put forward by various health bodies influences the effectiveness of controlling the spread of the virus. The study explored the knowledge and practice of hand hygiene as prevention of corona virus disease among students of the University of Abuja. Methods: A multistage sampling was used in selecting 290 participants used for this study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect....

[1]. WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION. WHO. [Online].; 2020 [cited 2020 NOVEMBER 22. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/.
[2]. WHO. WHO (World Health Organization). [Online].; 2020 [cited 2020 Novenber 10. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.
[3]. Yuen KS, Ye ZW, Fung SY, Chan CP, Jin DY. SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: The most important research questions. Cell Bioscience. 2020; 10(40).
[4]. Schett G, Sticherling M, Neurath F. COVID-19: Risk for Cytokine Targeting in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases? Nat Rev Immunol. 2020; 20(5): p. 271–2.
[5]. Coursera. Coursera. [Online].; 2020 [cited 2020 november 22. Available from: https://www.coursera.org/learn/covid-19-contact-tracing/resources/Oi3DJ.

Abstract: The word amputation is derived as (amputates: Latin) means to cut off. Amputation in medicine is surgical removal of all or a part of a limb or a projecting part / process of the body. Amputation should be considered when a part of a limb is dead, deadly or a dead loss....

[1]. Bailey and Love's short practice of surgery 27 th ed, Vol 2: 957-960.
[2]. Margaret Farquharson, James Hollingshead and Brendan Moran. Farquharson's textbook of operative general surgery, 10th ed :79-83.
[3]. Josef E. Fischer. Fischer's mastery of surgery. 7th ed; vol 2:2400-2402.
[4]. Shaw JE, Boulton AJM. The charcot foot. Foot 1995;5:65-70.
[5]. C.Kozak GP. Neuroarthropathy(Charcot's joints) in Diabetes Mellitus clinical study of 101 cases. Medicine (Baltimore)1972;51:191-210..

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The sheer overwhelming magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected ongoing surgical training and put an indefinite pause to conduction of regular and routine surgical exposure of patients and elective cases. This study has been conducted to clearly define the various factors and variables attributable to this problem and address solutions to mitigate the same without affecting the COVID response management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an observational study based on a qualitative analysis of an open ended questionnaire where-in the authors contacted....

KEYWORDS: COVID-19, Pandemic, Surgical training, Surgical Brick, Resource diversion, Cohort

[1]. Surgical training during COVID-19: a validated solution to keep on practicing. Cristian Jarry Trujillo, Pablo Achurra Tirado, Gabriel Escalona Vivas, Fernando Crovari Eulufi, Julian Varas Cohen. BJS 2020; 107: e468–e469.
[2]. Mayol J, Fernández Pérez C. Elective surgery after the pandemic: waves beyond the horizon. Br J Surg 2020; 107: 1091–1093.
[3]. Royal College of Surgeons. Clinical Guide to Surgical prioritisation during the Coronavirus Pandemic; 2020. https://www.england.nhs.uk/coronavirus/wp-content/uploads/sites/52/2020/03/C0221-specialty guide-surgical-prioritisation-v1.pdf.
[4]. Søreide K, Hallet J, Matthews JB, Schnitzbauer AA, Line PD, Lai PBS et al. Immediate and long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on delivery of surgical services. Br J Surg 2020; https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.11670.
[5]. Optimizing response in surgical systems during and after COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from China and the UK – Perspective. Zheng Liu, Zhao Ding, Xu Guan, Yawei Zhang, Xishan Wang, Jim S Khan. Int J Surg 2020 Jun;78:156-159. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.062. Epub 2020 May 4.