iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2022

Abstract: Lemierre's syndrome is a septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) commonly caused by anaerobic oropharyngeal flora that is usually followed by fulminant sepsis and rapid death in the pre-antibiotic era. Since the introduction of antibiotics, the morbidity and mortality associated with this syndrome have been dramatically decreased. However, delay in diagnosis and antibiotic treatment resulting in poor clinical outcome is not uncommon as physicians are less familiar with this infection and initial manifestations are often non-specific. We describe a case of a patient with Lemierre's syndrome with thrombosis of right internal jugular vein extending to subclavian, axillary and brachial veins and managed with broad spectrum antibiotics and thrombolysis with streptokinase.

[1]. Lemierre A: On certain septicemias due to anaerobic organisms. Lancet 1936, 1:701–703.
[2]. Wright WF, Shiner CN, Ribes JA: Lemierre syndrome. South Med J 2012, 105(5):283–288.
[3]. Lemierre A. On certain septicemias due to anaerobic organisms. Lancet 1936;227:70
[4]. Osowicki J, Kapur S, Phuong LK, Dobson S. The long shadow of Lemierre's syndrome. J Infect 2017;74:S47e53.
[5]. Kuppalli K, Livorsi D, Talati NJ, Osborn M. Lemierre's syndrome due to Fusobacterium necrophorum. Lancet Infect Dis 2012; 12:808e15.

Abstract: Dentistry is a demanding profession, commonly conducted in very narrow work areas, resulting in static work postures. Ergonomic is defined as a systematic approach to study the relationship between the individuals, their tools and the environment they work. Due to lack of ergonomic awareness, inattention to proper posture and the need to see into areas with limited visual access, dentists in general are prone to neck and shoulder strain. The prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints in Dentists is high although relatively few studies had focus in this profession. A questionnaire survey was carried out among 159 Dentists in Jaipur. Questions include physical, psychosocial workload, need for recovery, perceived general health and the occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints.

Keywords: Ergonomics, pain, Mucoskeletal, workload, dentistry

[1]. Russell JG: Ergonomics in the Dental Surgery, Occupational Medicine, 1973; 23(4):128-131.
[2]. Valachi B. Ergonomics and Injury in the Dental Office. (http://www.ineedce.com/courses/1511 /PDF/ergonomicsandinjury.pdf)
[3]. Mohammed K. Yousef, Afnan O. Al-Zain. Posture Evaluation of Dental Students. JKAU: Med Sci. 2009; 16:51-68.
[4]. Rising DV, Bennett BC, Hursh K, Plesh O. Reports of body pain in a dental student population. JADA 2005; 132:81-86.
[5]. Rabiei M, Shakiba M, Shahreza HD, Talebzadeh M. Mukoskeletal Disorder in Dentists. IJOH. 2012; 4:36-40.

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to evaluate the significance of using the CBCT mandibular indices in diagnosis of osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: Fifty CBCT (Cone-Beam Computed Tomography) scans were collected from a picture archiving and communications system. All scans were taken using CRANEX 3D (Soredex, Tuusula, Finland) the total 50 subjects were divided into two groups based on DEXA scan Control group of normal healthy females (T score > -1) and study group with osteoporotic females (T score ≤ - 2.5). The computed tomography mandibular index (CTMI), the computed tomography index (superior) (CTIS) and Mandibular Computed Tomography Index (Inferior) MCTI (I) were measured using linear measurement in coronal view. The correlation between these indices and bone mineral density (BMD) measured by DEXA were assessed.........

Keywords: Osteoporosis, Bone, Mandible, Cone Beam Computed Tomography.

[1]. Khashayar P, Taheri E, Adib G, Zakraoui L, Larijani B. Osteoporosis strategic plan for the Middle East and North Africa region. Archives of osteoporosis. 2019;14(1):20.
[2]. Gulsahi A. Osteoporosis and jawbones in women. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2015;5(4):263-7.
[3]. Lewiecki EM, Binkley N, Morgan SL, Shuhart CR, Camargos BM, Carey JJ, et al. Best Practices for Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Measurement and Reporting: International Society for Clinical Densitometry Guidance. J Clin Densitom. 2016;19(2):127-40.
[4]. Li N, Li XM, Xu L, Sun WJ, Cheng XG, Tian W. Comparison of QCT and DXA: Osteoporosis Detection Rates in Postmenopausal Women. Int J Endocrinol. 2013; 2013:895474.
[5]. Jonasson G, Rythén M. Alveolar bone loss in osteoporosis: a loaded and cellular affair? Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2016; 8:95-103.

Abstract: Spinal Anaesthesia is the anaesthesia wherein we deposit local anaesthetic into the subarachnoid space using a specialized needle called the spinal needle. Spinal blocks result in sympathetic blockade, sensory analgesia, or anesthesia and motor blockade, depending on the dose, concentration, or volume of local anesthetic, after insertion of a needle in the plane of the neuraxis1. Spinal anesthesia requires a small mass (i.e., volume) of drug, virtually devoid of......

[1]. R. Miller. Miller's textbook of Anaesthesia, Seventh Edition, Chapter 51
[2]. Rajib Hazarika, Dipika Choudhury, Sangeeta Nath,and Samit Parua. Estimation of Skin to Subarachnoid Space Depth: An Observational Study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Oct; 10(10): UC06–UC09.
[3]. Prakash S, Mullick P, Chopra P, Kumar S, Singh R, Gogia AR. A prospective observational study of skin to subarachnoid space depth in the Indian population. Indian J Anaesth 2014;58:165-70.
[4]. Rajib Hazarika, Dipika Choudhury et al Estimation of Skin to Subarachnoid Space Depth: An Observational Study. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2016 Oct, Vol-10(10): UC06-UC09.
[5]. Tyagi V, Jain V, Agrawal B, Jain M, Rastogi B, et al. (2019) A Prospective Observational Study to Compare the Depth of Subarachnoid Space Using Anthropometric Measurements, Ultrasonographic Measurements and Actual Depth by Needle insertion Ann Clin Lab Res Vol.7 No.1: 284

Abstract: The incidence of tumor in the spleen is very less. Even if they do occur, they are more commonly benign and if malignant, either lymphoma or angiosarcoma are seen. To the best of our knowledge, primary squamous cell carcinoma of spleen is very rare and has not been reported in India until now. This is the first case we are reporting from India. Mostly tissue diagnosis of primary splenic carcinomas is done after splenectomy. Our patient of elderly age group has undergone surgery as a definitive management for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the spleen. The present study provides insight into the response to standard treatment and the prognosis of the primary splenic squamous cell carcinoma for a single case

[1]. Jiang Z, Ma F, Liu X. Squamous cell carcinoma of the spleen: A case report. Oncol Lett. 2018 Sep;16(3):3973-3975. doi: 10.3892/ol.2018.9095. Epub 2018 Jul 6. PMID: 30128016; PMCID: PMC6096209.
[2]. Coon WW: Surgical aspects of splenic disease and lymphoma. Curr Probl Surg 35: 543-646, 1998.
[3]. Clouston D and Lawrentschuk N: Metaplastic conditions of the bladder. BJU Int 2 (Suppl 112): 27-31, 2013.

Abstract: Résumé Objectifs : Déterminer les aspects épidémiologiques, diagnostics, thérapeutiques et pronostics de la GEU. Patientes et Méthodes : il s'est agi d'une étude rétrospective, descriptive du 1er Janvier 2019 au 31 Juillet 2020 dans le service de gynécologie du pôle mère du CHUMEFJE. Ont été incluses dans l'étude, toutes les patientes admises dans le service pour une GEU confirmée. Les variables étudiées étaient constituées par l'âge, le statut matrimonial, les antécédents gynécologiques, le motif de consultation, le siège de la GEU, le stade de la GEU, le traitement, les complications et la morbi-mortalité. Résultats : Au cours de cette période, nous avons recensé 110 cas de GEU pour un total de 8488 accouchements, soit une prévalence de 1,3%. L'âge moyen des patientes était de 31,8 ans avec des extrêmes de 19 et 42 ans, avec un pic de fréquence se situant.........

Keywords: GEU- Diagnostic tardif- laparotomie.

[1]. J Lansac, P Lecomte, H Marret. Gynécologie pour le praticien Masson 2010 ; 7:162
[2]. J A Olamijulo, B O Okusanya, A A Muisi et al. Ectopic pregnancy at lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, south-western Nigerian : Temporal trends, clinical presentation and management outcomes from 2005 to 2014. Niger Postgrad Medical Journal 2020; 27: 177-183.
[3]. N Goyaux, R Lake, N Keita et al. Ectopic pregnancy in Africa developing countries. Acta Obstet Cynecol Scand 2003; 82: 12-305
[4]. IS Baldé, FB Diallo, I Conté et al. Grossesse extra utérine dans la clinique de Gynécologie-Obstétrique Ignace Deen du CHU de Conakry. Aspects épidémiologique, sociodémographique, thérapeutique et pronostique. Med Santé trop 2014 ; 24 :297-300
[5]. JF Meyé, ASima Zué, B Sima Olé et al. Aspects actuels de la grossesse extra utérine à Libreville (Gabon). Cahiers d'étude et de recherche francophone/ santé 2003;12:405-8

Abstract: Objective: The objective of this study was to find out the efficacy of FNAC in diagnosing breast cancer in female patients presenting with breast lump. Methods: A descriptive observational study was done among 60 female patients who presented with breast lump during the period- January to December 2019.FNAC was done in all the patients and results were compared with the HPE report after surgery Results: Among the 60 patients,20% were found to be malignant in FNAC and 21.6% were confirmed to be malignant in HPE.80% were found to be benign in FNAC and 78.3% were confirmed to be benign in HPE. Conclusions: FNAC has a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 100% in diagnosing breast cancer.It has a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 92.6% in diagnosing fibroadenoma..

Keywords: Breast lump,fibroadenoma,Sensitivity and specificity,malignancy

[1]. Rosai and Ackerman's Surgical Pathology.10th ed. Vol II .Elsevier;2011.Breast Ch.No. 20 in Juan Rosai (ed.) pp.1660-1771.[Google Scholar].
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Abstract: Dry Socket falls under the most common and serious complications which usually encounters after the extraction of Third molar.The pathophysiology, etiology, prevention and treatment of Dry Socket are of utmost important in the practice of Oral Surgery.The main aim of this article is to review and discuss each and every aspect of Dry Socket.

[1]. Shafer's Textbook of Oral Pathology, 8th edition, edited by B Sivapathasundharam
[2]. Textbook of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, 2nd edition, S M Balaji.
[3]. Review Article A literature review on dry socket Nikita Suri1, Ametesh Dutta2, Nayla Siddiqui3, Kuldip Kaur1, Diksha Jangra1 Suri et al. / IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging 2020;6(4):97–100
[4]. An overview of dry socket by Stephanie Watson, Medically reviewed by Evan Frisbox, DMD, on Jan 21,2020.
[5]. Osborn TP, Frederickson G, Small IA, Torgerson TS. A prospective study of complications related to mandibular third molar surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1985;43(10):767–9. doi:10.1016/0278-2391(85)90331-3..

Abstract: Background: Studies have reported a relationship between maternal periodontitis and complications associated with pregnancy. Thus, prevalence estimates and risk factor identification for gingivitis during pregnancy in Nigeria are important. Aim: To determine the prevalence of gingivitis and identify related risk factors among pregnant women in Nigeria..........

Keywords: Demographics, Gingival bleeding, Oral hygiene, Pregnancy.

[1]. Newman MG, Takei H, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA. Newman and Carranza's Clinical Periodontology E-Book: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2018.
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Abstract: Background: Among wide spectrum of skin diseases in children papulosquamous disorders form quite a common group ranging from infections like syphilis to inflammatory diseases like lichen planus. They can present a vast array of clinical manifestations. So, these disorders in children require a separate window from adult dermatoses as there are important differences in clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis. Objective: This study aims to know the hospital-based prevalence of papulosquamous disorders in children less than 14 years and their clinical patterns with respect to age and sex distribution. Materials and Methods: The present study included 204 children with papulosquamous disorders who attended DVL opd between January 2019.........

Keywords: papulosquamous, psoriasis, pediatric dermatoses, pityriasis rosea, syphilis

[1]. Dogra S, Kumar B. Epidemiology of skin diseases in school children: A study from Northern India. PediatrDermatol 2003;20(6):470-3
[2]. Karthikeyan K, Thappa DM, Jeevankumar B. Pattern of pediatric dermatoses in a referral center in South India. Indian Pediatr 2004;41(4):373-7
[3]. Amani Nassar, prevalence of skin diseases among infants and children in Al Sharquia Governorate, Egypt. Egyptian dermatology online journal June 2012; 8 (1):4
[4]. Gül U, Cakmak SK, Gönül M, Kiliç A, Bilgili S. Pediatric skin disorders encountered 6in a dermatology outpatient clinic in Turkey. PediatrDermatol 2008;25(2):277-8
[5]. Kumar B, Jain R, Sandhu K, Kaur I, Handa S. Epidemiology of childhood psoriasis: a study of 419 patients from northern India. Int J Dermatol 2004;43(9):654-8

Abstract: Background: Hip & femur surgeries are comon surgeries.Now a days multimodal analgesia concept is comon.we have explored advantage of Fascia Iliaca Compartment block with General Anaesthesia for perioperative analgesia. Aims & Objectives To Compare Control Group & FICB Group for Hemodynamic parameters ,Intraoperative Fentanyl and endtidal sevoflurane requirement,Time to Attain modified Aldrete score ≥9 ,Time to First Requirement of first rescue analgesic And Total Analgesic Requests In 24hrs post operatively. ,Adverse Effects and Complications. Study type: Randomised controlled double blind Observational.........

Keywords: Fascia Iliaca Compartment block ( FICB),Femur& Hip surgery, perioperative analgesia

[1]. Benyamin R, Trescot AM, Datta S, Buenaventura R, Adlaka R, Sehgal N, Glaser SE, Vallejo R. Opioid complications and side effects. Pain Physician. 2008 Mar;11(2 Suppl):S105-20. PMID: 18443635.
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[3]. Chunyan Lin, JunShi, Liyong, Yuan, Jiang Li application of ultrasound guided ficb in femoral shaft fracture fication iffers imoproved pain control while effectively sustaining stability of vital signs.Int J Clin Med 2020;13(2)1156-1162.
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Abstract: Takayasu arteritis(ICD-10:M31.4) is a rare chronic large vessel vasculitis which predominantly affects aorta and its major branches, otherwise known as pulseless disease seen mainly seen in female of Asian origin less than 40 years of age. It is known for its variable clinical presentation. Takayasu arteritis presenting with pyoderma gangrenosum is extremely rare , described in less than 1 % of all cases. Here we describe the presentation of 22 year old male who presented to the General Medicine OPD for evaluation of Hypertension with a background history of recurrent history of non-healing ulcers in his right thigh for 6 years and after clinical evaluation and relevant radiological investigation ,was diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis....

[1]. Pyoderma gangrenosum associated with Takayasu arteritis ncbi 2015; 385: 1123
[2]. Takayasu arteritis : API CHAPTER
[3]. Approach to vasculitis API CHAPTER
[4]. Pyoderma gangrenosum ncbi 2016;567;1125