iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2022

Abstract: Objective: The main objective of this study is to share our experience and the interest of the trans-cranial surgery in the treatment of post-traumatic osteo-dural defect. Patients and methods: Between the year 2009 and 2021, 182 patients were operated on for an osteo-dural defect of multiple natures and locations on the anterior and middle skull base. Only 32 patients were operated on by the transcranial approach.
Concerning the origin of the trauma, it is most often a traffic or road accident. The study included 10 women and 22 men, the average age was 24 years old (ranging.....

Key words: rhinorrhea, frontal sinus, cribriform plate, transcranial approch, mucocele

[1]. Constanzo F, Pinto J, Sedaghat S, Schmidt T. Pseudo-cerebrospinalfluidleaks of the anterior skullbase:algorithm for diagnosis and manage ment. J NeurolSurg B Skull Base. 2021;82:351-356.
[2]. Archer JB, Sun H, Bonney PA, et al. Extensive traumaticanteriorskull base fractures withcerebrospinalfluidleak: classification and repair techniques usingcombinedvascularized tissue flaps. J Neurosurg. 2016;124:647-656.
[3]. Sherif C, Di Ieva A, Gibson D, et al. A management algorithm for cerebrospinalfluid leakassociatedwithanteriorskull base fractures:detailedclinical and radiologicalfollow-up. NeurosurgRev. 2012;35:227-238.
[4]. Probst C. Neurosurgicaltreatment of traumaticfrontobasal CSF fistulaein 300 patients (1967e1989). Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1990;106:37-47.
[5]. Tosun F, Gonul E, Yetiser S, Gerek M. Analysis of differentsurgicalapproaches for the treatment of cerebrospinalfluidrhinorrhea. Minim Invasive Neurosurg. 2005;48:355-360..

Abstract: Background: Conventional onlay mesh repair though found to be easier technique, it is associated with more postoperative wound morbidity and high recurrence rate in large ventral hernias. To overcome these complications, we use a technique of Transverse Abdominis muscle Release (TAR) which is not widely practised to repair large ventral hernias and compared it with onlay mesh repair technique(1). Materials and Methods: We have performed TAR in 30 patients from Oct 2016 – Sep 2018 in Govt. Rajaji Hospital, Madurai. The patients presenting with large abdominal wall incisional or ventral hernias (defect >10 cm in width) were diagnosed on the basis......

Keywords: Transverse Abdominis Release, Posterior component separation, onlay repair

[1]. Oprea V, Radu V, Moga D. Transversus Abdominis Muscle Release (TAR) for Large Incisional Hernia Repair. Chirurgia (Bucur). 2016 Nov 1;111:535.
[2]. Siegal SR, Pauli EM. Posterior component separation/transversus abdominis release. Plast Aesthetic Res [Internet]. 2019;6:25. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-9264.2019.35
[3]. Buenafe AA, Lee-Ong A. Lateral release in the repair of large ventral hernia. Ann Laparosc Endosc Surgery; Vol 4 (February 2019) Ann Laparosc Endosc Surg [Internet]. 2019; Available from: https://ales.amegroups.com/article/view/5038
[4]. Kirkpatrick AW, Nickerson D, Roberts DJ, Rosen MJ, McBeth PB, Petro CC, et al. Intra-Abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome after Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: Quaternary Syndromes? Scand J Surg SJS Off organ Finnish Surg Soc Scand Surg Soc. 2017 Jun;106(2):97–106.
[5]. Novitsky YW, Elliott HL, Orenstein SB, Rosen MJ. Transversus abdominis muscle release: a novel approach to posterior component separation during complex abdominal wall reconstruction. Am J Surg. 2012 Nov;204(5):709–16.

Abstract: BACKGROUND :This study is aimed at assessing the response of neoadjuvant chemotheraphy in locally advanced breast carcinomas using Ki-67 as a proliferative marker. METHODOLOGY :This is a PROSPECTIVE RANDOMISED CASE CONTROL STUDY done for the period of one year from May 2018 to May 2019. Patients from surgical OPD or casualty presenting with breast lump proven for malignancy in GRH Madurai are recruited. The patients were diagnosed on the basis of history, clinical examination and investigations like core needle biopsy, USG breasts with axilla. ER , PR , HER2 neu status were assessed along with Ki-67...

Keywords: ca breast, ki67,chemotherapy

[1]. Gerdes J, Lemke H, Baisch H, Wacker HH, Schwab U,Stein
[2]. H. Cell cycle analysis of a cell proliferation-associated human nuclear antigen defined by the monoclonal antibody Ki-67. J Immunol. 1984;133(4):1710-1715.
[3]. Yerushalmi R, Woods R, Ravdin PM, Hayes MM, Gelmon KA. Ki67 in breast cancer: prognostic and predictive potential. Lancet Oncol.2010;11(2):174-183.
[4]. Ring AE, Smith IE, Ashley S, Fulford LG, Lakhani SR. Oestrogen receptor status, pathological complete response and prognosis in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer. Br J Cancer.2004;91(12):2012-2017.
[5]. Jones RL, Salter J, A'Hern R, et al. Relationship between oestrogen receptor status and proliferation in predicting response and long-term outcome to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010;119(2):315-323..

Abstract: Background and objective: Our study was done to evaluate correlation of the clinical and radiological findings in CVA. Methods: A prospective observational study was done of 100 patients with provisional clinical diagnosis of recent stroke who underwent neuroimaging(CT/MRI). Patients with neurologic deficit due to head injury, suspected substance abuse and stroke mimics were excluded. Clinical findings were evaluated and tabulated independently and subsequently correlated with imaging finding from available patients' records. Results: The study showed male predominance (53%) and maximum number of patients belonged to 5th decade (Mean age-56.78 years) (29%).Infarcts(90%)......

Keywords: Cerebrovascular accident, Middle cerebral artery, Computed tomography, Magnetic resonance imaging.

[1]. Smith WS, Johnston SC,Easton JD. Cerebrovascular diseases.In: Harrison's principles of internal Medicine. Kasper DL,Fauci AS, Longo DN, Braunwald E, Hauser SL, Jameson JL(eds).21st Mc Graw Hill(New York) ,Volume 2 3068-3095
[2]. Bamford J, Sandercock P, Dennis M et al. A prospective study of acute cerebro-vascular disease in community. The Oxford shire community stroke project, 1981-86.
[3]. Sharad M Malvadkar, Madhuri S Malvadkar, Shilpa V Domkundwar, Shivraj Ingole. A clinico-radiological profile of the patients with cerebral ischemia at tertiary health care centre. MedPulse- International Medical Journal. July 2016;3(7):700-704.
[4]. Chirayuv. vaidya, a restrospective study of clinical profile of stroke patients from GMERS medical college and hospital, Gujarat, international journal of clinical trials, vol 1 no 2 2014
[5]. Asefa et al, CT and clinical correlation of stroke diagnosis, pattern and clinical outcome among stroke patients visiting tikuranbessa hospital, Ethiopia medical journal April 2010 p:117-122..

Abstract: Introduction: Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that can be found naturally in a few foods, added to others, and taken as a supplement. When ultraviolet (UV) photons from the sun strike the skin and trigger vitamin D synthesis. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate Vitamin D3D2 status and its associated factors of an urban tertiary care of Bangladesh. Methods: The study was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes (BIRDEM), to evaluate the Vitamin D3D2 status and its associated factors of an urban tertiary care of Bangladesh. A total of 547 cases were chosen by random sampling, with Vitamin D3D2 status from July...

Keywords: Vitamin D3D2 status, Deficiency, Osteoporosis, Bone growth

[1]. Vitamin D2 Vs. D3: Benefits, differences, and more [Internet]. Medical News Today. MediLexicon International; [cited 2021Sep25]. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/vitamin-d2-vs-d3#vitamin-d
[2]. Rickets: Symptoms, causes, and treatments [Internet]. Medical News Today. MediLexicon International; [cited 2021Sep25]. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/176941
[3]. Jäpelt RB, Jakobsen J. Vitamin D in plants: a review of occurrence, analysis, and biosynthesis. Front Plant Sci. 2013 May 13;4:136.
[4]. Alshahrani F, Aljohani N. Vitamin D: deficiency, sufficiency and toxicity. Nutrients. 2013 Sep;5(9):3605-16.
[5]. BSc AA. Vitamin D2 Vs. D3: What's the difference? [Internet]. Healthline. Healthline Media; 2018 [cited 2021Sep25]. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/vitamin-d2-vs-d3#TOC_TITLE_HDR_4.

Abstract: Introduction: The recurrent abdominal pain has become a common disease specially among the adolescents in Bangladesh. A study in Bangladesh reported that about 11.5% adolescent aged 9-15 years are the sufferer of recurrent abdominal pain and in Sri Lanka it was 10.5%. In developed countries about 10-12% of school going adolescents had recurrent abdominal pain. Most of the studies found that, in comparison with the boys, girls are more affectedObjectives: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the demographic characteristics of recurrent abdominal pain with other factors.Materials and Methodology:This study is a prospective cross-sectional.....

Keywords: Recurrent abdominal pain; etiology; localization; abdominal ultrasounds

[1]. Medically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D., R.N., CRNA — Written by April Kahn — Updated on December 14, 2020
[2]. Devarayana NM, Rajindrajith S, De Silva HJ. Recurrent abdominal pain in children. Indian Paediatr. 2009;46:389-96.
[3]. Devarayana NM, de Silva DGH, de Silva HJ. Recurrent abdominal pain syndrome in cohort of Sri Lanka children and adolescents. J Trop Pediatr. 2008;54:178-83.
[4]. Devarayana NM, de Silva DGH, de Silva HJ. Aetiology of recurrent abdominal pain in a cohort of Sri Lankan children. J Paediatr Child Health. 2008;44:195-200.
[5]. Hyam SJ, Hyman EP. Recurrent abdominal pain and the biopsychosocial model of medical perctice. J Paediatr.1998;133:473-8

Abstract: Oral Granulomatous inflammation is a unique form of chronic inflammation which occurs for variety of reasons.. Granulomatous inflammatory lesion have multifactorial etiology and may arise as reaction to environmental or genetic factors, infectious organisms or may be idiopathic.Here we are going to discuss the clinical presentation,diagnosis and management of granulomatous inflammatory lesion of buccal mucosa.

Keywords: Granulomatous inflammatory lesion,buccal mucosa mass,excision,biopsy

[1]. Sanderson J, Nunes C, Escudier M, et al. Oro-facial granulomatosis: Crohn's disease or a new inflammatory bowel disease? Inflamm Bowel Dis 2005;11:840-6.
[2]. Kemmler N, Pfannschmidt N, Strohal R. Orofacial granulomatosis as first manifestation of Crohn's disease: successful treatment of both conditions with a combination of infliximab and dapsone. Acta Derm Venereol 2012;92:406-7.
[3]. Kruschinski C, Welkoborsky HJ. Tuberculosis of the larynx associated with orofacial granulomatosis in childhood. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2005;132:967-9
[4]. Khouri JM, Bohane TD, Day AS. Is orofacial granulomatosis in children a feature of Crohn's disease? Acta Paediatr 2005;94:501-4.
[5]. Rana AR. Orofacial granulomatosis: a case report with review of literature. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2012;16:469-74.

Abstract: Green Dentistry is an approach to dentistry that combines dental practice and environmental conservation. Dental health care is devoted to endorsing and enhancing oral health and well-being and to achieve such goals, dentists use a diversity of materials and instruments. There is overwhelming evidence of global climate changes, and dentistry has a definite impact on the planet's eco‑system. Green dentistry indeed lessens supply tariffs by amalgamating trending innovations, and multiplies productivity by methodical time manipulation, reducing wastage and thereby intercepting pollution. Ultimately patients get benefitted by quality treatment with reduction in treatment costs. The going green movement, which is rapidly becoming a worldwide priority, seeks to address environmental contamination, waste and other critical environmental issues.

Keywords: Green, Dentistry, Ecosystem, Recycling, Conservation, Environment Clinical Significance: Green dentistry is an evolving approach to reduce the environmental impact from dental practice.

[1]. Nairn HF Wilson, Edward G. Bellinger. Dental practice and the environment. Int Dent J 1998; 48: 161-166.
[2]. Kumar SVC, Manjunatha M, Vijetha B, Pradeep P.R. Biomedical Waste Management: A Review. J Heal Clin Dent 2012; 6(3): 140-144.
[3]. Nasser M. Evidence summary: can plastics used in dentistry act as an environmental pollutant? Can we avoid the use of plastics in dental practice? Br Dent J 2012; 212(2): 89-91.
[4]. Garla BK. Green Dentistry; Eco-friendly Dentistry: Beneficial for patients beneficial for the environment. Ann Ess Dent 2012; 4(2): 72-74.
[5]. Avinash B, Avinash BS, Shivalinga BM, Padmini MN. Going green with eco-friendly dentistry. J Cli Dent P 2013; 14(4): 766-769.

Abstract: Carcinosarcoma is a rare type of uterine malignancy comprising of less than 5 % of the uterine malignancy. They are also known as mixed malignant mullerian tumors. They are undifferentiated tumours with carcinoma and sarcomatous component, arising from a single malignant epithelial cell. The clinical presentation is distinct and non specific imaging and pathology studies can lead to a late diagnosis and treatment. This report deals with a peculiar presentation of a case of uterine malignancy and the further management planned.

[1]. Central nervous system involvement from malignant mixed Mullerian tumor (MMMT) of the uterus," Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, vol. 273, no. 1, pp. 63–68, 2005. L. N'Kanza, S. Jobanputra, P. Farmer, J. Lovecchio, J. A. Yelon, and U. Rudloff, " [2]. Malignant mixed Mullerian tumor of the uterus: diagnosis of a case by fine- needle aspiration cytology and review of literature," Diagnostic Cytopathology T. Banik, D. Halder, N. Gupta, and P. Dey, ". [3]. Primary mixed mullerian tumor of the vagina—a case report with review of the literature," Pathology Research and Practice, vol. 207, no. 4, pp. 253–255, 2011. Ahuja, R. Safaya, G. Prakash, L. Kumar, and N. K. Shukla, "
[4]. Malignant mixed mullerian tumor (MMMT) of the cervix," Gynecologic Oncology, vol. 97, no. 2, pp. 442–445, 2005. N. K. Sharma, J. I. Sorosky, D. Bender, M. S. Fletcher, and A. K. Sood, ") [5]. American Cancer Society. Endometrial (uterine) cancer. American Cancer Society. www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/webcontent/003048-pdf

Abstract: Around 8% of the adult population have clinically palpable nodules of thyroid. Today, with advanced diagnostic and prognostic techniques, the detection has increased substantially. In south India, the prevalence of solitary nodule of thyroid is 12.2%. The incidence of malignancy in these nodule is 1%. Studies show that solitary nodule of thyroid has more propensity to become cancerous than multinodular goiter.........

[1]. 1.Tai JD, Yang JL, Wu SC, Wang BW, Chang CJ. Risk factors for malignancy in patients with solitary thyroid nodules and their impact on the management. J Cancer Res Ther 2012;8:379‑83.
[2]. Hegedüs L. Clinical practice. The thyroid nodule. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1764‑71.
[3]. Yeung MJ, Serpell JW. Management of the solitary thyroid nodule. Oncologist 2008;13:105‑12.
[4]. Usha Menon V, Sundaram KR, Unnikrishnan AG, Jayakumar RV,Nair V, Kumar H. High prevalence of undetected thyroid disorders in an iodine sufficient adult south Indian population. J Indian Med Assoc 2009;107:72‑7.
[5]. Unnikrishnan AG, Kalra S, Baruah M, Nair G, Nair V, Bantwal G, et al. Endocrine Society of India management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules: A position statement. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2011;15:2‑8.