iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2022

Abstract: Cervical cancer is common worldwide and ranks fourth common cancer affecting women. Seventy percent of cancer cervix are seen in developing countries.1However, it is the most common cancer among Nepalese women. Factors like lack of effective screening programs, lack of awareness and low resources are important reasons for high incidence of cervical cancer in developing countries.2The most important risk factor for cervical cancer is infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Other risk factors are immune system deficiency, smoking, age, socioeconomic factors, herpes infection, multiple sex partners, use of oral contraceptives.3 Pap test is accepted as.......

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Abstract: Neglected elbow dislocation is a common injury in our areas, often leading to stiffness. We report the case of a neglected elbow dislocation due to a domestic fall, three years ago, in a 49 years old woman. The patient didn't consult in a hospital as a matter of urgency, and the elbow was manipulated by a traditional treatment. The clinical examination reveals a functional arc of motion of the elbow. Standard radiography shows a postero-lateral dislocation with radial head fracture. Therapeutic abstention was decided in front of the minimal func-tional discomfort.

Keywords: neglected dislocation, elbow, conservation of function

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[2]. Kone, S.G.N., Bana, A. and Dogba, E.G. (2018) Neglected Elbow Dislocation with Conservation of Elbow Function, Concerning a Case in Abidjan (Ivory Coast). Open Journal of Orthopedics, 8, 127-131.
[3]. Azmi I, Razak M, HyzanY. The results of treatment of dislocation and fracture-dislocation of the elbow a review of 41 patients. Med J Malaysia september 1998;53(suppl. A):59–70.
[4]. Dishino M, Breda Y, Merrien Y. La réduction à foyer ouvert du coude: à propos de 29 luxations négligées. Med Trop. 1989;49(4):421–6.
[5]. Dishino M, Breda Y, Grimaldi FM, Lorthioir JM, Merrien Y. Traitement chirurgical des luxations négligées du coude: à propos de 81 observations. Rev Chir orthop. 1990;76(5):303–10.

Abstract: Background: Supraglotic airway devices widely used for general anaesthesia.Etomidate is relatively used for cardiac patients.we have done present study to evaluate haemodynamic parameters & ease of insertion , attempts of insertion & adverse effects. Study type: Randomised prospective comparative observation study Study period: September 2018 to september 2020 GROUP ALLOCATION: All 60 patients were divided randomly in 2 groups by odd & even numbers.that numbers were put in sealed opaque envelope.Execution of Randomisation.....

Keywords: Etomidate, General Anaesthesia, Igel, Modified Alderte score, Propofol, supraglotic airway devices.

[1]. Amit Kumar, Shekhawat KK, Sharma R, Mangwana P. A comparison of propofol and etomidate as anaesthetic agents for elective noncardiac surgery. Int J Res Med Sci 2018;6:3454-60
[2]. Ashish Kanauji, Srivastava U, Saraswat N, Mishra A, Kumar A, Saxena S. A preliminary study of I-gel: a new supraglottic airway device. Indian J Anaesthia 2009;53(1):52-56.
[3]. BraudeN, ClementsEA,HodgesUH, AndrewsBP.The pressor response sand Laryngeal mask insertion.A comparison with tracheal intubation.Anaesthesia 1989; 44:551-559.
[4]. Chitaranjan Mohanty, Guru S, Barik S, et al. Comparison between Induction with Etomidate, Propofol and Thiopentone to facilitate i-gel (Supraglottic Airway Device) Insertion in Elective Short Surgical Procedures. J. Evid. Based Med. Healthc. 2018; 5(18), 1468-1472.82
[5]. David J. Gagnon et al: Etomidate and sepsis: understanding the dilemma: Journal of Thoracic Disease 2015;7(10):1699-1701.

Abstract: Introduction: Dental clinics are important and essential for the health and safety of individuals in the community. Agood and appropriate management of medical waste in dental clinics is very important to ensure safety for staff in the clinic. Objectives: Evaluating the level of practicing safety in dental clinics and identifying a possible relationship between the medical waste management and practicing the occupational safety in dental clinics in Tripoli/ Libya. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 201 respondents: dentists, nurses, and assistants dentist chosen from 67 clinics out of 135 clinics. A questionnaire.....

Keywords: Medical, Safety, Dental, Clinics, Tripoli, Libya

[1]. Arora, R., Agrawal, A., Singh, D., and Reddy, J. (2014). Management of dental waste in private clinics in Chhattisgarh state, India–A cross sectional study. Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 13(1), 53-6.
[2]. World Health Organization. Patient safety: Making health care safer. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2017. License CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Available at: "http://apps.who.int/ iris/bitstream/handle/10665/255507/;jsessionid=A2E0196DF284A670341F5FFB6DA4EF41? sequence=1". Accessed October 3, 2020.
[3]. Boyce JM, Pittet D, Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee, HICPAC/ SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Guideline for hand hygiene in health-care settings. Available at: "http://www.cdc. gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5116a1.htm". Accessed October 1, 2020.
[4]. World Health Organization. WHO guidelines on hand hygiene in health care. Available at:"http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44102/9789241597906_eng.pdf.?sequence=1". Accessed October 3, 2020.
[5]. Bruzell Roll EM, Jacobson N, Hensten-Pettersen A. Health hazards associated with curing light in the dental clinic. Clin Oral Investig. 2004;8:113–7.

Abstract: Aim: To study the prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C infection, in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, attached to a Tertiary Care Hospital, in South India, during the period of Feb 2021 – December 2021. A total of 478 cataract surgeries were performed in the year 2021, over a period of 6 months, as the routine elective surgeries were suspended for 7months, due to COVID-19 pandemic. Results: A total of 478 patients, undergoing Cataract surgery are included in the study. HIV infection was recorded in 27 patients (5.6%). HBs Ag was positive in 3 patients (0.6%) and Anti -HCV was positive in 1 patient (0.2%)......

Keywords: HIV, HBV, HCV, Cataract Surgery, Prevalence.

[1]. Scardino PT. A hazard surgeons need to address. Nat Clin Pract Urol. 2007; 4(7): 347.
[2]. http:// www.unicef.org/india/hiv_aids_156.htm(UNICEF). Hepatitis B infected persons are estimated to be around two billion and the carriers are thought to be around three fifty million (Ref: Hepatitis B Fact sheet No 204Geneva, World Health Organization, 2000.
[3]. Dubois F, Desencclos JC, Merriote N, Gondean A and the collaboration study group. Hepatitis C in a French population-based surgery, Sero prevalence surgery of viremia, genotype distribution and prognostic risk factors. Hepatol.1997;25(6): 1490-1496.
[4]. Mehmet Cubuk, Bahadir Ozelbaykal. The Prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV infections in patients with cataract in Turkey. Ophthalmol J 2019: 2019; Vol 4, 7-10.
[5]. Lohano MK, Su L, Narsani AK, et al. Frequency of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) and hepatitis C antibody(HCV Ab) seropositivity among preoperative eye surgery patients. BJMP.2016;9(2):a918..

Abstract: Aim: This study compares two approaches to hernia repairs, Tanner's approach versus conventional repair, in a tertiary care set up.The study compares these two techniques regarding ease of surgery ,duration of surgery , post operative complications and recurrence Methods : A total of 52 patients undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair were divided into two intervention groups of 26 each -patients who had tanners muscle slide down technique and groups without tanners muscle slide down technique . In our study age, gender, side of hernia presentation,duration of hernia,hernial content, complication and recurrence are analysed.....

Keywords: Large direct inguinal hermia's, tanner's muscle slide incision, hernioplasty

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[2]. Farquharson M, Moran B, (2005) Surgery of groin and external genitalia. Farquharson's text book of operative general surgery. Hodder education, London, pp 459-468.
[3]. Faruoq O, Batool Z, Bashir-ur-Rehman (2005) Prolene darn:safe and effective method for primary inguinal hernia. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 15: 358-61.
[4]. Bhatt A, Rasool EM (2002) Darning versus Bassini, s repair in primary unilateral inguinal hernia, J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 12:69 – 71
[5]. Russel RCG, Williams NS, Bulstorde CJK, (2004) Hernias, umbilicus and abdominal walls. Bailey & Love's short practice of surgery. Arnold , London , pp1274 -1281.

Abstract: Aim: to compare the effectiveness and postoperative outcomes of laparoscopic and open repair of duodenal ulcer perforation.
Methods : This study included 50 patients with duodenal perforation, 20 had laparoscopic repair and 30 patients had conventional open repair. Patients in both groups were compared for effectiveness and post-operative complications Patient admitted were clinically evaluated.preoperative and postoperative findings,post operative complications were meticulously recorded as per protocol. The following parameters were recorded- the duration of surgery,analgesic requirement,hospital stay,time to resume orals,postoperative complication and time to return to normal activity.....

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Abstract: BACKGROUND Around 15% of diabetic patients have diabetic foot ulcers. An estimated 80,000 amputations are made each year in the United States. The lifetime risk of diabetic foot ulcer among diabetics is 68/1000 persons. The risk of amputation increases with the size of the ulcer. In patients who had undergone amputation for diabetes, around 84% of them had foot ulcers. AIM AND OBJECTIVE The study aimed to compare the effect.....

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[3]. Boulton AJ, Vileikyte L, Ragnarson-Tennvall G, Apelqvist J. The global burden of diabetic foot disease. The Lancet. 2005 Nov 12;366(9498):1719-24.
[4]. Singh N, Armstrong DG, Lipsky BA. Preventing foot ulcers in patients with diabetes. JAMA 2005; 293: 217–28
[5]. International Diabetes Federation Time to Act: diabetes and foot care. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation, 2005.

Abstract: BACKGROUND Vital pulp therapy in the form of pulp capping and pulpotomy has been recognized as a procedure aimed to maintain pulp vitality after trauma, carious exposure or restorative procedure. The goal of treating the exposed pulp with an appropriate pulp capping material is to promote the dentinogenic potential of the pulp cells. A vital, functioning pulp is capable of initiating several defense mechanisms to protect the tooth from bacterial invasion. This study was conducted to assess the outcome following direct pulp capping using bio-ceramic materials in mature permanent teeth with carious exposure based on clinical evaluation at 3,6,12 months follow–up and radiographic evaluation.....

Keywords: Bioceramic materials; direct pulp capping; mature permanent teeth; Biodentine; MTA

[1]. Aguilar, P., Linsuwanont, P., 2011. Vital pulp therapy in vital permanent teeth with cariously exposed pulp: A systematic review. J. Endod. 37, 581–587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2010.12.004
[2]. Awawdeh, L., Al-qudah, A., Glasg, F.D.S.R., 2018. Outcomes of Vital Pulp Therapy Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate or Biodentine: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial. J. Endod. 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2018.08.004
[3]. Barthel, C.R., Rosenkranz, B., Leuenberg, A., Roulet, J.F., 2000. Pulp capping of carious exposures: Treatment outcome after 5 and 10 years: A retrospective study. J. Endod. 26, 525–528. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004770-200009000-00010
[4]. Bogen, G., Kim, J.S., Bakland, L.K., 2008. Direct pulp capping with mineral trioxide aggregate: An observational study. J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 139, 305–315. https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2008.0160
[5]. Bosomworth, H.J., Field, C., Whitworth, J.M., Valentine, R.A., Foss, D., 2014. Biodentine and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Induce Similar Cellular Responses in a Fibroblast Cell Line 40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2013.11.006