iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2019

Abstract: Thegeneral instruction for the patients waering complete denture is to store the denture in water when not in use. Dentre in the mouth absorb the saliva, and when kept outtside the mouth the water will come out ,reapted absorption and desecation will reault in warpage of the polymer chain and resulting in illfitting denture.The reason for the water absorption is denture are made up of Poly Methy Meth Acrylate (PMMA), it is hydrophilic polmer with carboxyl group which........

Key Words: Waer absorption of dentures,PMMA, Chloride on PMMA ,UVspectroscopy ,IR spectroscopy.

[1]. Arima .T ,Murata.H ,Hamada.T The effects of cross-linking agents on the water sorption and solubility characteristics of denture base resinJournal of Oral Rehabilitation 23(7) : 476 –80 ,1996 July
[2]. Asad .T ,etal The effects of various disinfectant solutions on the surface hardness of an acrylic resin denture base material ,International journal of prosthodontics 6:9-12
[3]. A text book of organic chemistry B.S .Bhal&Arunbhal 13th edition
[4]. Barshy.M.J, Adenture base resin with low water absorptionJournal of Prosthodontics 20005 March 14 (1) :12 -8
[5]. M.S.Beyil et al Repair of fractured acrylic resinJournal of Prosthodontics vol 44 no 5 November 1980

Abstract: Background: Poor weight gain and postnatal growth of preterm and VLBW neonates continues to be a major problem. Breast feeding with HMF fortification show positive effect on growth. Objective: To compare the growth between fortified and unfortified human milk fed preterm and VLBW neonates. Methodology: This is an observational study conducted in NICU, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatoolgy, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, for assessing the weight gain pattern in preterm and VLBW neonates supplemented with HMF. Results: Maximum number of babies supplemented........

Keywords: HMF, Fortification, preterm and VLBW

[1]. Hay WW Jr, Lucas A, Heird WC, Ziegler E, Levin E, Grave GD, et al. Workshop summary: nutrition of the extremely low birth weight infant. Pediatrics. 1999;104:1360.
[2]. Schanler RJ, Garza C, Nichols BL. Fortified mothers' milk for very low birth weight infants: results of growth and nutrient balance studies. J Pediatr. 1985;107:437.
[3]. Butte NF, Garza C, Smith EO, Nichols BL. Human milk intake and growth in exclusively breast-fed infants. J Pediatr. 1984;104:187.
[4]. Section on Breastfeeding. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics. 2012;129:e827.
[5]. Morley R, Lucas A. Randomized diet in the neonatal period and growth performance until 7.5-8 y of age in preterm children. Am J clin Nutr. 2000;71:822-8.

Abstract: Background: Medical Emergency has become major public health concern. The profile of the patients attending emergency department reflects the prevailing disease patterns in the region and its outcome mirrors the responsiveness of the healthcare system. This study was aimed to determine the profile and outcome of the medical emergencies presenting to the Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital. Method: The profile and outcome of the 2137 patients attending to emergency department of the hospital from January 2018 to December 2018 was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results........

Keywords: Emergency, Profile, Outcome, Morbidity, Mortality, Rural, Remote, Nepal

[1]. Akpa MR, Alasis DD, Altraide DD, Emem-chioma PC, Wokoma IS. Profile and outcome of medical emergencies in a tertiary health institution in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The Nigerian Health Journal. 2013;13(1):48-53.
[2]. He J HX, Toloo S, Patrick JR, Fitz Gerald G. . Demand for hospital emergency departments: a conceptual understanding. World J Emerg Med. 2011;2(4):253-61.
[3]. Kilbreth B SB, Westcott D, Gray C. Analysis of Emergency Department Use In Maine: A Study Conducted on Behalf of the Emergency Department Use Work Group of the Maine Advisory Council on Health System Development January, 2010.2010.
[4]. J. R. The Patient Journey Through Emergency Care in Nova Scotia: A Prescription for New Medicine October 2010. 2010.
[5]. Ekere AU YB, Umune S. Mortality Pattern in The Accident and Emergency Department of An Urban Hospital in Nigeria. Nig J of Clinical Practice. 2005;8(1):14-18.(1):14-8..

Abstract: Intrauterine growth of the fetus is mainly due to the growth and lengthening of the two limbs; Forelimb and Hindlimb. Each limb has a segment; proximal and distal segment with hand and foot being the most extreme part. This study is the re – evaluation of the relative growth of these components in fetus of different age periods. Forty fetuses of different age periods from 13 weeks to term were collected, length of these segments of upper and lower limbs measured. In adults, length of lower limb is more than that of upper limb. In our study, length of upper limb similar to that of lower limb in early fetal period

[1]. Sinnatamby CS. Last's Anatomy – regional and applied. 11th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2006.
[2]. Collins P. Embryology and Development. In: Williams, Bannister, Berry, Collins, Dyson, Dussek, et al, editors. Gray's Anatomy. 38thed. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1995.
[3]. Sadler TW. Langman's Medical Embryology. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2006.
[4]. Moore KL, PersaudTVN. The Developing Human. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2008.
[5]. Embryology Lecture Notes – IU School of Medicine – Terre Haute. Available from: terrehaute.medicine.iu.edu/index. php /download – file/view/24/ Accesed date:14-01-13.
[6]. Khan Z, Faruqi NA. Determination of Gestational Age of Human FoetusesFromDiaphysial Lengths of Long Bones – A Radiological Study J AnatSoc India 2006; 55(1): 67-71.

Abstract: Ozone therapy was reported as a promising agent used medicinally for the treatment of various diseases which leads to increase the interest to it. Thus, this study was carried to assess the effect of on ozonized gel on the healing of traumatic ulcers conducted in the rat's tongue. Twenty four Wistar rats were used and divided randomly into two groups of 12 animals each of the study group (with ozone gel) and the control group (without ozone). An excisional ulcer circular in shape with 5 mm diameter were made in the middle of the ventral surface of their tongue. After 24h, samples for microbiological analysis were taken and ozone gel was applied topically to the ulcers daily. On...........

Key words: Anti-inflammatory,Antimicrobial, Ozonized gel, Re-epithelialization, Ulcer healing

[1]. Bombeccari GP, Guzzi G, Pallotti F, Porrini M, Giannì AB, Spadari F. Large oral ulcer of tongue related to dental trauma Stomatologija2017;19(2):51-54.

[2]. Piemonte ED, LazosJP,Brunotto M. Relationship between chronic trauma of the oral mucosa, oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer J Oral Pathol Med (2010) 39: 513–7.
[3]. Martori E, Ayuso-Montero R,Martinez-GomisJ,VianasM, PeraireM.Risk factors for denture-related oral mucosal lesions in a geriatric population.JProshet Dent 2014;111:273-9.
[4]. Kurtulmus-Yilmaz S, Yilmaz HG, Tumer H, Sadettinoglu K. Clinical evalu-ation of the Er, Cr: YSGG Laser therapy in the treatment of denture-related traumatic ulcerations: a randomized controlled clinical study. Photomed Laser Surg 2015;33:224-9.
[5]. Teixeira DDS, Figueiredoa M A Z, Cherubinia,K, GarciaM C R b, Sílvia de Oliveirab, SD, Salum F G Topical chlorhexidine, povidone iodine and erythromycin in the repair of traumatic ulcers on the rat tongue :Clinical, histological and microbiological evaluation. Arch Oral Biol. 2018;87:218-225..

Abstract: Dengue fever is one of the major tropical diseases caused by dengue virus especially in tropical and subtropical countries, mainly involving urban and semi-urban areas. A hospital based observational study was carried out in our tertiary care centre from 01.11.2018 to 31.12.2018 to determine ecological and epidemiological factors of dengue viral fever in districts of West Bengal. A total no of 692 serum samples were tested for anti-dengue IgM antibodies and NS1 antigen with overall prevalence of 6.79%.The rate of seropositivity was highest i.e. 46.8% in 15-30 years age group and the study found statistically significant association between rate of seropositivity and age group (p value <0.05). Though there was male preponderance but it was not found to........

[1]. Gupta N, Srivastava S, Jain A. Dengue in India. Indian J Med Res 2012;373-90
[2]. Murray NE, Quam MB, Wilder-Smith A. Epidemiology of dengue: past, present and future prospects. Clinical epidemiology. 2013;5:299.
[3]. Singh J, Dinkar A, Atam V, Himanshu D, Gupta KK, Usman K, Misra R. "Awareness and outcome of changing trends in clinical profile of Dengue fever: A retrospective analysis of Dengue epidemic from January to December 2014 at a tertiary care hospital". Journal of the association of physicians of India. 2017;65:42-46.
[4]. Gupta E, Ballani N (2014) Current perspectives on the spread of dengue in India. Infect Drug Resist(2014); 7: 337-342.
[5]. Biradar A, Kauser Y, Itagi I, Jamadar NA. "Dengue infection: Its prevalence with seasonal variations". Indian J Microbiol Res 2016;3(2):89-92..

Abstract: Incisional hernia surgeries have been a challenge to surgeons from time immemorial. Term Incisional hernia have been described synonymously with post operative ventral hernia, since large majority of such hernias do occur after midline, paramedian and oblique incisions in anterolateral regions of abdominal wall. But, no incision in the abdomen is immune to development of incisional hernia. As these hernias are responsible for considerable economic loss to the patient, study of incisional hernia takes it priority. Our study focuses on magnitude of the problem of incisional hernia through a prospective clinical study on incisional hernias in a tertiary care institution for a period of 2 years.

[1]. Brenden Devlin recent advances in surgery-II , Longman group limited-1982
[2]. Incisional hernia- A prospective study of 50 cases for 1 year, subasKondreddyetal, Indian journal of applied research4(5): 403-407, October 2011; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270237654
[3]. A clinical sudy of incisional hernia, SudhirDyandeoBhamre et al, MVP journal of Medical scences, volume 3, Isve1 January-june 2016/ http://doi.org/10.18311/mvpjms/2016/v3/il
[4]. Mudge M, Hughes L.E, Incisional hernia: a 10 year prospective study of incidence and attitudes.Br.j.Surg 1985 Jan ; 72 (1): 70-1
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nib.gov/pubmed/3155634
[5]. Jenkins Incisional hernia, a mechanical approach, British journal of Surgery, 67:335-336, 1980:
http://Onlinelibrary.iley.com/doi/abd/10.1002/bjs.1800670511..

Abstract: Major abdominal surgery developed rapidly during the later part of last century and with it, increased the incidence of post operative hernias. For more than 100 years, attempts have been made to develop successful methods for repairing them, but even in the best centres, the incidence of post operative hernias has been atleast 10 percent(1). Sothe understanding of perfect pathological anatomy and etiology of Incisional hernia is the need of the hour for every surgeon. Our study discusses the essentials to be achieved during surgical process to prevent the magnitude of Incisional hernia.

[1]. LeHuuNho R, et al. J.ViscSurg 2012 Incidence and prevention of ventral Incisional Hernias
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23142402/
[2]. Akman Pc, A study of five hundred Incisional Hernias.J.IntColl Surg.1962;37;125-142
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nib.gov/pubmed/13859962
[3]. Burst abdomen and incisional hernia ; a prospective study of 1129 major laparotomies; T.E. Bucknall,P.J.Cox and H Ellis; Br Med J 182 Mar 27; 284(6230):931-933.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc1496540/
[4]. Harold Ellis, Incisions- closure and management of the wound. Maningots abdominal operations, 10th edition, Newyork, NY: McGrow-Hill; 1997:395-426
https://accesssurgery.mhmedical.com/content.aspx/bookid=531&sectionid=41808782
[5]. Collagenase and surgical disease; Hernia 10(6): 478-85 Jan 2007; Timothy R.Donahueetal
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6816743.

Abstract: Background: Primary Amenorrhea is of varied aetiology, genetic factors being the major cause. These patients require good counseling from the medical professional who should be empathetic towards the patient. Primary Amenorrhea is not a terminal disease that kills a person. It is a clinical condition that affects the suffering individual psychologically and emotionally resulting in bringing down the morale of the person. It has a heavy social impact , as it takes them away from normalcy regarding pubertal growth and maturity of reproductive system and development of secondary sexual characters. The affected individuals feel heavily depressed and many of them show signs of suicidal tendency. Owing to the social stigma attached to this condition, all the sufferers do not come out and approach the medical institutional for a help. Methods: In the present study 58 cases of primary amenorrhea were studied for various etiological causes. All the patients were studied for these causes.......

Keywords: Primary amenorrhea; mullerian anomalies, gonadal dysgenesis, genetic factors

[1]. Doody KM, Carr BR. Amenorrhea. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1990;17: 361e87.
[2]. Dutta UR, Ponnala R, Pidugu VK, Dalal AB. Chromosomal abnormalities in amenorrhea: a retrospective study and review of 637 patients in south India. Arch Iran Med 2013;16(5):267e70
[3]. Wachtell SS. The genetics of intrasexuality: clinical and theoretic perspective. Obstet Gynecol 1979;54:671e83.
[4]. Speroff L, Glass RH, Kase NG, editors. Clinical gynecologic Endocrinology and infertility. 6th ed. USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 1999. Amenorrhea; pp. 421e76.
[5]. Schorge JO, Schaffer JI, Halvorson LM, Hoffman BL, Bradshaw KD, Cunningham FG. Amenorrhea. In: Schorge JO, Schaffer JI, editors. Williams gynecology. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2008. p. 1112e28.

Abstract: Introduction: Fixed dose combinations is a combination of two or more different active ingredients in a fixed ratio of drugs. More than one drug is used frequently for the treatment of either single or multiple comorbid conditions. Many of the fixed dose combinations available are bizarre. Ex: fixed dose combinations of Quinolones and Nitroimidazoles [Norfloxacin +metronidazole, Ciprofloxacin + Tinidazole] have not been recommended in any standard books. Aim: To study about the regulatory status of fixed dose combinations in India. Materials and Methods: This is the time trend analysis of regulatory status of FDCs in India from the year 1983 – 2018. Information gathered from various......

[1]. Chandler s Gautam and Lekha saha Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs): rational or irrational: a view point. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2008 May; 65(5): 795–796.
[2]. Pattricia McGettigan, Peter Roderick, Rushikesh Mahajan, Abhay kadam, Use of Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) Drugs in India: Central Regulatory Approval and Sales of FDCs Containing Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), Metformin, or Psychotropic Drugs. Public library of science. May 2015.
[3]. Department related Parliament standing committee on health and family welfare, 59th report on functioning of the CDSCO.
[4]. Prof. Chandrakanth Kokate report on fixed dose combinations. February 2016.
[5]. Official website of CDSCO. Final minutes of 79th meeting..

Abstract: The study was conducted to explore various lesions of uterine cervix in a tertiary care hospital.Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women living in developing countries. According to national cancer registry program of india, cancers of uterine cancer and breast are leading malignancies seen in Indian women. It has been shown worldwide that screening for precursors of cervical cancer by means of pap smears substancially reduces the incidence of invasive cancer.The present study was conducted on female patients ,with the age range of 20 to 89 years, having complaints like vaginal discharge, bleeding per vagina or something coming out per vagina. Smears were taken by gynecologist using modified ayers wooden spatula which was inserted and rotated 3600 over cervix. Both ectocervix and endocervix were sampled slides were prepared, labelled,.......

[1]. Rejendra A Kalkar, Yogesh Kulkarini. Screening for cervical cancer: an overview. Obstet Gynecol India vol. 56 no. 2: March / April 2006.
[2]. Debris removal in pap smearimages computer methods and prognosis in biomedicine 111(2013)128-138.
[3]. Narasimha A, Vasavi B, Kumar H, Sapna M. An audit of Pap smear cytology. J South Asian Federation Obstet Gynecol. 2011; 3: 121-12.
[4]. WHO/ICO Information Centre on HPV and Cervical Cancer (HPV Information Centre). Summary report on HPV and cervical cancer statistics in India. 2007.
[5]. Crasta JA, Chaitra V, Simi C, Correa M. An audit of cervicovaginal cytology in a teaching hospital: Are atypical glandular cells underrecognised on cytological screening? J Cytol. 2009; 26: 69-73...

Abstract: Global health burden of musculoskeletal diseases have been in developed and developing countries. Persistent pain and restricted movements are affect the working capacity and quality of the live. The general objective of this study was to assess the influencing factors ofmajor musculoskeletal condition patients attending Free Ayurveda dispensary Kondavil. This was an observational descriptive institutional based study done in Free Ayurveda dispensary Kondavil, the data was collected from 100 samples in following method such as history was taken orally from the patients as well as joints examination and body weight measuring. Sample consisted of all recently attending musculoskeletal diseases patients who are over18 years, with or without co morbidity. Those below 18 years of.......

Keywords: musculoskeletal diseases, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, and low back pain

[1]. Woolf .A.D &Pfleger.B, Burden of major musculoskeletal conditions, Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2003, 81 (9)

[2]. Briggs.A.M , Cross.M.J ,Hoy.D.G ,Riera.L.S , Blyth.F.M, &March.LMusculoskeletal Health Conditions Represent a Global Threat to Healthy Aging: A Report for the 2015 World Health Organization World Report on Ageing and Health,The Gerontologist, Volume 56, Issue Suppl_2, 1 April 2016, Pages S243–S255,
[3]. WHO (February 2018),Musculoskeletal conditionsReport Fact sheet Reviewed
[4]. Weerasekara.I and Hiller.C.E, Chronic musculoskeletal ankle disorders in Sri LankaBio Med Central( BMC) Musculoskeletal Disorders (2017) 18:219

[5]. Mobasherr.A, Intersection of Inflammation and Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis, Springer current Rheumatology reports2012 Dec: 14(6): 604-616..

Abstract: La trisomie X ou 47 XXX ou syndrome de Triple X, est une anomalie chromosomique due à la présence d'un chromosome X supplémentaire chez les femmes. Il s'agit de l'anomalie chromosomique la plus répandue, survenant chez 1 femme sur 1000 naissances. Elle est due à une erreur aléatoire de non-disjonction du chromosome X, lors de la gamétogenèse. La majorité des femmes 47 XXX ont un phénotype normal et seulement quelques cas ont des manifestations cliniques et ou des malformations. Le diagnostic repose sur le caryotype. Des cas de dysgénésie ovarienne ou utérine ont été décrits dans ce syndrome, dont l'insuffisance ovarienne prématurée avait été le mode révélateur. La trisomie X révélée par une aménorrhée primaire est rare. Nous rapportons le cas d'une patiente.......

[1]. Gustavson KH. Triple X syndrome deviation with mild symptoms. The majority goes undiagnosed. Lakartidningen. 1999; 96: 5646–5647
[2]. Tartaglia NR, Howel S, Sutherland A, Wilson R, Welson L. A review of trisomy X (47, XXX). Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 2010; 5:1
[3]. Jacobs PA, Baikie AG, Court-Brown WM, MacGregor TN, Maclean N, Harnden DG. Evidence for the existence of the human. Lancet. 1959;2:423-425.
[4]. Messer K, D'Epagnier C, Howel S, Tartaglia NR, Wilson R. Trisomy X Syndrome (47,XXX). Brenner's Encyclopedia of Genetics. 2013; 7: 195-197.
[5]. Khoury-Cotlado F, Wehbeh AN, Fisher AJ, Bombard AT, Weiner Z. Prenatal diagnosis of 47, XXX. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005; 192:1469—71..

Abstract: Background: The aim of this study is to compare analgesic efficacy of intrathecal tramadol & fentanyl in combination with hyperbaric bupivacaine (0.5%) in lower segment caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Methods: 60 patients of ASA status I and II scheduled for elective lower segment caesarean section were randomly divided into two groups. Group BT was administered hyperbaric bupivacaine 10 mg + tramadol 10 mg, group BF was administered hyperbaric bupivacaine 10 mg + fentanyl 10 μg. Our primary objective variable is to assess and compare duration of post operative analgesia and secondary variables include comparison of time of onset and duration of sensory and motor block, hemodynamic variables and to compare proportion of cases with complications between the two groups. Results: Intrathecal tramadol and intrathecal........

Keywords: Fentanyl, LSCS, Spinal anaesthesia, Tramadol, postoperative analgesia

[1]. J Barsa, M Batra, BR Fink, SM SumiA comparative in vivo study of local neurotoxicity of lidocaine, bupivacaine, 2-chloroprocaine and a mixture of 2-choloroprocaine and bupivacaine Anesth Analog , 61 ( 1982 )

[2]. Freedman, J.M., Li, D., Drasner, K. et al, Transient neurologic symptoms after spinal anesthesia: An epidemiologic study of 1863 patients. Anesthesiology. 1998

[3]. Akerman B, Arwestrom E, Post C. Local Anaesthetics potentiate spinal morphine anti nociception. Anesth Analg 1988
[4]. Sibilla C, Albertazz P, Zatelli R, Martin ello R. Perioperative analgesia for caesarean section: Comparison of intrathecal morphine and fentanyl alone or in combination. International Journal Obstetric Anesthesia. 1997 Jan; 6 (1): 43-8. 6
[5]. Wang JK, Nauss LA, Thomas JE. Pain relief by intrathecally applied morphine in man. Anesthesiology1979; 50: 149-51..

Abstract: AIMS & Objectives - To study the age and sex distribution. To study the various modes of clinical presentation. Usefulness of FNAC in the management of multinodular goitre. To study the pre- operative, per- operative and post- operative complications and its management. Methodology: This is a randomized prospective clinical study of multinodular goitre patients admitted in THIRUVARUR MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL , A total number of 50 cases studied from the period April 2016 to August 2018 in a span of 24 months. Complete clinical examination and necessary laboratory investigations were performed. Conclusion: FNAC is an invaluable, minimally invasive highly accurate and cost effective procedure for preoperative assessment of patients with thyroid lesions. FNAC is very useful in the diagnosis and management of MNG

Keywords: Thyroid , multinodular goiter , FNAC, Thyroidectomy

[1]. Standring susan, Gray's Anatomy., 39th edition, London, Churchill Livingstone, 2005- pp 560- 561
[2]. Ganong William F.,The thyroid gland, ch 18, Review of Medical Physiology, 21st edition, Loi,do, Pretice- Hall International, Inc, 2003 pp320- 331.
[3]. Francis S,Green S. Endocrine disorders. Med clin N Am. 1991; 75: pp195-206.
[4]. John B Hanks. Thyroid ch 34 Sabiston Text book of Surgery, Vol- 1, 17th edition, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 2004.pp 947- 984.
[5]. Jameson JL, Weetman AP. Disease of the Thyroid Gland ch 320 in Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, vol 2, 16th ed, New york: Mc Graw Hill, 2005. Pp 2106- 2117...

Abstract: Objective: To determine the incidence, risk factors, complications, management modalities and maternal and perinatal outcome of rupture uterus in pregnancy. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at RMC ajmer, for a period of 2 years from January 2016 to October 2018. Clinical records of cases of uterine rupture were reviewed and information on demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, intraoperative findings, surgical intervention and maternal and perinatal outcome was collected. Results: Out of 41864 deliveries, 116 cases of rupture uterus were reported with an incidence of rupture uterus 1 in 361. Majority 49 (42.24......

Key words:Rupture uterus, Maternal mortality, Hysterectomy, Uterine scar.

[1]. WHO systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity: The prevalence of uterine rupture BJOG. 2005 ;112: 1221-8.
[2]. Rathod S, Samal SK, Swain S. A Three Year Clinicopathological Study of Cases of Rupture Uterus. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015 Nov;9(11):QC04-6. doi: 10.7860/ JCDR/2015/14554.6783. Epub 2015 Nov 1.
[3]. K Sunita, I Indra, P Suguna. Clinical study of rupture uterus. IOSR-JDMS 2015 March;14 (3): 39-45.
[4]. Sahu L. A 10 year analysis of rupture uterus at a teaching institution. J Obstet Gynecol India 2006; 56 (6):502-506.
[5]. Baskett TF, Caldier AA, Arulkumaran S. Munro Kerr's operative obstetrics. Eleventh edition. China: Elseiver; 2007.175-180..

Abstract: Objectives of the Study:
1. To know the etiology of blunt injuryabdomen.
2. To find out the age and sexdistribution.
3. To study the modes of presentation blunt injuryabdomen.
4. To know the incidence & prevalence of blunt injury abdomen.
5. To find out the nature of associatedinjuries.......

[1]. F. Charles Brunicardi, Dana. K.Anderson, Timothy.R.Billas, John Hunter, Jeffery B. Matthews. Schwartz's Principles of Surgery 9th editionp135-197.
[2]. Cusheri A, Giles G. R., Moosa A. R: Essential Surgical Practice; Butterworth International Ed. 1998: p263-304.
[3]. Joe Jack Davis, Isidore Cohn, Francis C. Nance; Diagnosis and management of Blunt abdominal trauma. Ann, Surg, June 1976: vol 183: No 6;p672-678.
[4]. R. Khanna, S Khanna, P Singh, Puneet and A K Khanna; Spectrum of blunt abdominal trauma in Varanasi; Quart J; vol 35, No 1&2, Mar&Jun 1999;p25-28.
[5]. Cox, Everard F; Blunt abdominal trauma: A 5 year Analysis of 870 patients requiring Celiotomy; Ann, Surg; April 1984 vol 199;p467-474...

Abstract: •Alcoholismiscommonbutunrecognisedprobleminelderlypeople.........

[1]. McCradyBS,LangenbucherJW.Alcoholtreatmentandhealthcaresystemreform.ArchGenPsychiatry.1996;53:737–46..