iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2019

Abstract: Objective:The aim of the study was to estimateand evaluate the dose dependent changes in the salivary flow rate, pH, level of total protein, and αamylase during the course of radiotherapy in oropharyngeal cancer patients. Patients and method: The study group comprised of 50 patients undergoing radiotherapy for oropharyngeal carcinoma in a tertiary care centre in Chennai. Cobalt 60 equipment was used for radiation treatment. A weeklydose of 10 Gy for about 6 to 7 weeks with total dose of 60 to 66 Gy was administered. The whole saliva was collected from these patients in eppendrof sample tubes by spitting method after stimulation by a piece of paraffin wax. The salivary samples were collected prior to and during radiation treatment of 10 Gy, 40 Gy and 60 Gy.. The salivary flow rate, pHwas measured and the level of total protein and alpha amylase were estimated by using chemical diagnostic test kits..........

Key Words: radiotherapy, salivary flow rate, pH, salivary amylase, protein

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[4]. Beumer J. Curtis T, Harrison RE. Radiation therapy of the oral cavity, sequelae and management, part 1. Head and neck surgery 1979; 1: 301 – 312.

[5]. Kenneth L. Mossman (1983) Quantitative Radiation Dose-Response Relationships for Normal Tissues in Man. II. Response of the Salivary Glands during Radiotherapy. Radiation Research: August 1983, Vol. 95, No. 2, pp. 392-398. 21,2018...

Abstract: Paraquat (1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridium dichloride)ingestion is a major cause of fatal poisoning in manyparts of Asia and Pacific nations.1 Commercialpreparations of paraquat are normally sold in the form ofliquid concentrate with a concentration ranging from 20%to 42%. Besides being supplied in the form of a singleactive ingredient, there are products in the marketcontaining paraquat in combination with other herbicidessuch as sodium chlorate and 2, 4-dimethylamine. Deathin paraquat poisoning is either due to significant lunginjury, acute kidney injury or multi organ failure.2 Thecommonest mode of poisoning with paraquat is oralintake of poison. Paraquat interferes with the intracellularelectron transfer systems, thus inhibiting the reduction ofNADP.........

[1]. Gunnell D, Eddleston M, Philips MR, Konradsen F. The global distribution of fatal pesticide selfpoisoning: systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2007;7:357.
[2]. Sandhu JS, Dhiman A, Mahajan R, Sandhu P. Outcome of paraquat poisoning - a five-year study. Indian J Nephrol. 2003;13:64-68.
[3]. Suntres ZE. Role of antioxidants in paraquat toxicity. Toxicol. 2002;180(1):65-77.
[4]. Saravu K, Sekhar S, Pai A, Barkur AS, Rajesh V, Earla JR. Paraquat - A deadly poison: Report of a case and review. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2013;17:182-4.
[5]. Sabzghabaee AM, Eizadi-Mood N, Montazeri K, Yaraghi A, Golabi M. Fatality in paraquat poisoning. Singapore Med J. 2010;51(6):496-500..

Abstract: Objectives: To determine the association between anti thyroid antibodies and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Study design: cross sectional (observational) study. Place & Duration of Study:1The Retina Clinic, Institute of Ophthalmology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, A.M.U., Aligarh and Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, A.M.U., Aligarh, from January 2017 to February 2018,Materials & Methods:Total 60 patients with diabetes mellitus II were enrolled.30 patients with diabetic retinopathy were taken as cases, while a similar number of patients without diabetic retinopathy were taken.......

Key Words: Diabetic retinopathy, Anti TG, Anti TPO, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Autoimmune Thyroid Disorder (AITD)

[1]. McLACHLAN SM, Rapoport B. The Molecular Biology of Thyroid Peroxidase: Cloning, Expression and Role as Autoantigen in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. 1992;13(2):15.
[2]. Le Fourn V, Ferrand M, Franc J-L. Endoproteolytic Cleavage of Human Thyroperoxidase: ROLE OF THE PROPEPTIDE IN THE PROTEIN FOLDING PROCESS. J Biol Chem. 2005 Feb 11;280(6):4568–77.
[3]. Kohno Y, Yamaguchi F, Saito K, Niimi H, Nishikawa T, Hosoya T. Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies in sera from healthy subjects and from patients with chronic thyroiditis: differences in the ability to inhibit thyroid peroxidase activities. ClinExpImmunol. 2008 Jun 28;85(3):459–63.
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[5]. Xie L-D, Gao Y, Li M-R, Lu G-Z, Guo X-H. Distribution of immunoglobulin G subclasses of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody in sera from patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis with different thyroid functional status. ClinExpImmunol. 2008 Nov;154(2):172–6.

Abstract: Purpose:To assess the effect of central macular thickness (CMT) measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) on the response to treatment in diabetic macular edema. Methods: This was Prospective Interventional Study conducted in patients visiting the outdoor unit of Department of Ophthalmology, Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College Jhansi, during the period of 13 months from March 2017 to March 2018. This study included patients with age above 21 years, with diabetes, which is defined as a fasting plasma glucose of more than or equal to 126 mg/dl or a 2-hour post glucose load plasma glucose of more than or equal to 200 mg/dl or a random plasma glucose of more than or equal to 200 mg/dl in the presence of symptoms of hyperglycemia, and duration > 5 years,and those........

Keywords: Diabetic macular edema, optical coherence tomography, Anti VEGF, Laser, Steroids, NSAIDS, Vitrectomy.

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Abstract: Splenic abscess have a documented incidence of between 0.14% and 0.7% in autopsies.they generally occur in patients with underlying comorbidities, which commonly include neoplasia, immunodeficiency, trauma, metastatic infection, splenic infarct or diabetes [2]. The best management of splenic abscesses is still debatable with the various modalities including antibiotics, percutaneous drainage or splenectomy. To our knowledge, there have only been four other reported cases of ruptured splenic abscess causing pneumoperitoneum [4].Here, we will discuss about a case of pneumoperitoneum in a 55 yrs old diabetic male who on exploratory laparotomy revealed ruptured splenic abscess and was managed conservatively following drainage of pus. Patient recovered uneventfully and eventually discharged on 10th day.

[1]. Tung CC, Chen FC, Lo CJ. Splenic abscess: an easily overlooked disease? Am Surg. 2006;72:322–32.

[2]. Lee WS, Choi ST, Kim KK. Splenic abscess: a single institution study and review of literature. Yonsei Med J. 2011;52:288–92

[3]. Manon NG, Braat JA, Hueting WE, Hazebroek EJ. Pneumoperitoneum secondary to a ruptured splenic abscess. Intern Emerg Med. 2009;4:349–51

[4]. Ishigami K, Decker GT, Bolton-Smith JA, Samuel I, Wilson SR, Brown BP. Ruptured splenic abscess: a cause of pneumoperitoneum in a patient with AIDS. Emerg Radiol. 2003 Dec; 10(3):163-5.
[5]. G.S. Phillips, M.D. Radosevich, P.A. LipsettSplenic abscess: another look at an old disease Arch Surg, 132 (1997), pp. 1331 1336K.C. Chang, S.K. Chuah, C.S. Changchien, T.L. Tsai, S.N. Lu, Y.C. Chiu, et al.Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of splenic abscess: a review of 67 cases in a single medical center of Taiwan World J Gastroenterol, 12 (2006), pp. 460-464..

Abstract: Introduction: Antibiotics, major life saving agents are frequently over prescribed. The extent and pattern of inappropriate use is well documented in developed countries but such studies are few in developing countries like Bangladesh. Objective: To find out current trend of antibiotic practice in Paediatric Surgery in Bangladesh Methodology: This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out on 300 paediatric patients of 0-15 years age range, to find out the pattern of antibiotic practice in three major pediatric practicing hospitals of Dhaka, Bangladesh. All the patients were studied after categorization into i) Clean ii) Clean-contaminated iii) Contaminated and iv) Dirty wounds according to their potentiality of post operative wound infection. Total period of antibiotic practice was divided into a. Pre-operative (Up to the day before operation) b. Per-operative (during or just before operation..........

Key words: Current trend, Antibiotic practice, Paediatric surgery, Pre-operative, Per operative, Post operative.

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Abstract: Impaction of permanent anterior teeth, due to obstruction from supernumeraries or from other pathologies are not rare in children. The commonest treatment done for this is surgical removal of the obstruction, exposure of the impacted tooth and applying traction to bring it into alignment. When the impaction is very much unfavourable, extraction of impacted teeth and prosthetic replacements are done. Surgical repositioning is an alternative realistic approach in such cases. In the first case, removal of an odontoma and in the second case, removal of a supernumerary tooth and in both the cases, successful surgical repositioning of the impacted permanent central incisor at the same visit, are presented.

Key words: Odontomas, Impacted permanent central incisor, Supernumerary tooth, Surgical repositioning

[1]. Shafer, Hine L. Shafer's Textbook of Oral Pathology. 5th ed. (R Rajendran BS, ed.). Elsevier Inc.; 2006.
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[3]. Ramakrishnan E, Ismail AA, Ahamed E, Jayaprakash S. Surgical repositioning of impacted permanent central incisor-A Novel method and case report. 2016;15(8):20-24. doi:10.9790/0853-1508102024
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Abstract: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease is a systemic disease in which there is infiltration of multiple organ tissues by IgG4+ plasma cells resulting fibro-inflammatory lesion. In the region ofthe head, the disease affects the orbits, lacrimal glands, nasolacrimal duct system, extra-ocular muscles, nerves, orbital fat, meninges and pituitary. Imaging (CT, MRI, PET CT) along with serum biochemical investigations are extremely useful in disease detection, differentiation from other orbitopathies,treatment response monitoring and follow up.

Keywords:..

[1]. Tiegs-Heiden CA, Eckel LJ, Hunt CH, Diehn FE, Schwartz KM. Immunoglobulin G4-related disease of the orbit: imaging features in 27 patients. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014 Jul; 35(7):1393-7.
[2]. Martínez-de-Alegría A, Baleato-González S, García-Figueiras R, Bermúdez-Naveira A. IgG4-related Disease from Head to Toe. Radiographics. 2015 Nov-Dec; 35(7):2007-25.
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[4]. Yu WK, Tsai CC, Kao SC, Liu CJ. Immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease. Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2018 Jan-Mar; 8(1):9-14.
[5]. Ginat DT, Freitag SK, Kieff D, Grove A, Fay A, Cunnane M. Radiographic patterns of orbital involvement in IgG4-related disease. Ophthalmic PlastReconstr Surg. 2013 Jul-Aug; 29(4):261-6.

Abstract: Minimal Change Disease is the leading cause of childhood Nephrotic Syndrome . Therefore in nephrotic syndrome, most children beyond the first year of life will be treated with corticosteroids .Children with Nephrotic syndrome often display a number of calcium homeostasis disturbances causing abnormal bone histology,including hypocalcemia, reduced serum vitamin D metabolites, impaired intestinal absorption of calcium.This study aims to analyse the level of calcium and vitamin D in patients of nephrotic syndrome on steroids in the tertiary care hospital of Jharkhand.This is a prospective observational hospital based case-control study which includes 75 cases and controls of children of age 2-12 years diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome and admitted to hospital for steroid therapy...........

[1]. Vinod k Paul, Arvind Bagga, Ghai Essential Pediatrics, 9th Edition, CBS,2018, p472.
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Abstract: Aim:To Investigate & Visualize Soft Tissue Impingement At Patellofemoral Joint Using Real Time Dynamic Musculoskeletal Ultrasound. To Identify The Cause Of Pain In Anterior Knee Joint And To Determine Patellofemoral Impingement As In Rotator Cuff Impingement.

Keywords: Patellofemoral Impingement, Patellofemoral Pain, Anterior Knee Pain, Quadriceps Tendon Impingement, Quadriceps Fat Pad & Bursa Impingement,Ultrasound Of Knee, Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

[1]. Knee Painful Arc, Imaging By Dynamic Sonography: A Novel Technique1muhammad Dughbaj, 2diaa Shehab, 3salem Alkandari, 4levent Ozcakar M. DughbajPhysical Medicine And Rehabilitation Hospital, Physical Medicine And Rehabilitation Department, Kuwait, Kuwait. Oral Abstracts / Annals Of Physical And Rehabilitation Medicine 61s (2018) E1–E102
[2]. Diagnostic Accuracy And Association To Disability Of Clinical Test Findings Associated With Patellofemoral Pain SyndromeChad Cook, Eric Hegedus, Richard Hawkins, Field Scovell, Doug Wyland
[3]. Patellar Taping, Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, Lower Extremity Kinematics, And DynamicPostural ControlNaoko Aminaka, Ms, Atc; Phillip A. Gribble, Phd, Atc The University Of Toledo, Toledo, Oh

Abstract: Background: Government of India adopted mass‑drug‑administration (MDA) since 2004 for elimination of LF by 2015 AD. MDA implementation in WB has been criticised forlow coverage.Objective: to assess the effect of DOT on coverageof MDA along withits correlates and status of MDA programme. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional survey was conducted in three subcenters of three community development blocksand threewards of Bankura municipality of Bankura district of West Bengalselected by multistage random sampling. Information was collected via interviewing the inhabitants of clusters selected by systematic random sampling;concerned drug administrators and ANMsand BPHN/PHN of selected blocks along with scrutinizing records and verifying logistics for MDA at.............

Keywords: lymphatic filariasis; elimination; mass-drug-administration;directly observed therapy

[1]. World Health Organization. Lymphatic filariasis. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2007; 82:361‑80. Available from: http://www.who.int/wer/2007/wer8242.pdf. [Last accessed on 2014 Feb 23].
[2]. Mukhopadhyay AK, Patnaik SK, Satya Babu P, Rao KN. Knowledge on lymphatic filariasis and mass drug administration (MDA) programme in filariasis endemic districts of Andhra Pradesh, India. J Vector Borne Dis 2008; 45:73‑5.
[3]. Babu BV, Kar SK. Coverage, compliance and some operational issues of mass drug administration during the programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis in Orissa,India. Trop Med Int Health 2004; 9:702‑9.
[4]. Agarwal VK, Sashindran VK. Lymphatic filariasis in India: Problems, challenges and new initiatives. Med J Armed Forces India 2006; 62:359‑62.
[5]. Babu BV, Satyanarayana K. Factors responsible for coverage and compliance in mass drug administration during the programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis in the East Godavari District, South India. Trop Doct 2003; 33:79‑82.

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) level and eNOS gene Glu298Asp polymorphism in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Materials and Methods: We conducted a case control study in which 100 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 100 healthy controls were enrolled. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and eNOS polymorphism was detected by PCR-RFLP. Plasma samples from the subjects were screened for MDA. Results: There was a trend of increase of GG genotypic and G allelic frequencies of the eNOS gene Glu298Asp in patients when compared with controls. GT genotype emerged as major genotype in both controls and patients. Genotypes disobeyed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.........

Keywords: eNOS, Polymorphism, Rheumatoid arthritis, Malondialdehyde

[1]. Suzuki A, Yamada R, Ohtake-Yamanaka M, Okazaki Y, Sawada T, Yamamoto K. Anti-citrullinated collagen type I antibody is a target of autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Jul 29;333(2):418-26.
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Abstract: Endometrial cancer has lately been increasingly treated by laparoscopic surgery. Although there's been a good technique to treat patients with endometrial cancer, port-site metastasis (PSM) is a possible complication. In our article, we will present a case of a 65-year-old female diagnosed with single PSM following laparoscopic surgery for stage II grade II endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC). The patient developed a recurrence within 12 months following the first surgery. A surgical excision followed by adjuvant chemo‑radio therapy was realized. After 09 months, the patient remained disease‑free. In the literature, outcomes of patients with (PSM) were rarely described and there are no obvious risk factors for development of port-site metastasis or easily identifiable prevention. The purpose of this study is to bring a better knowledge of this mysterious complication.

Keywords: Endometrial cancer; Laparoscopy; Port-site metastasis.

[1] Mautone D, Dall'asta A, Monica M, Galli L, Capozzi VA, Marchesi F et al "Isolated port-site metastasis after surgical staging for low-risk endometrioid endometrial cancer: A case report". Oncol Lett 2016 Jul; 12 (1):281-84.
[2] Grant JD, Garg AK, Gopal R, Soliman PT, Jhingran A, Eifel PJ et al "Isolated Port-Site Metastases After Minimally Invasive Hysterectomy for Endometrial Cancer: Outcomes of Patients Treated With Radiotherapy". Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015 Jun; 25(5):869-74.
[3] Barraez D, Godoy H, McElrath T, Kredentser D, Timmins P. "Low incidence of port-site metastasis after robotic assisted surgery for endometrial cancer staging: descriptive analysis". J Robot Surg. 2015 Mar; 9(1):91-5.
[4] Grabosch S and Xynos F"Isolated port-site metastasis after robotic hysterectomy for stage IA endometrial adenocarcinoma". Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Aug; 122(2 Pt 2):437-9.
[5] Kihara K, Endo K, Suzuki K, Nakamura S, Sawata T, Shimizu T et al "Isolated port-site metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma after laparoscopic liver resection" Asian J Endosc Surg. 2017 May; 10(2):191-193.

Abstract: The ship breaking and recycling industry (SBRI) converts end-of-life ships into steel and other recyclable items. Ship recycling offers the most environmentally sustainable way of disposing of old vessels, with virtually every part of the hull and machine complex being reused or recycled as scrap metal.. Most workers in the ship breaking yards are migrant workers from poorer regions of each country. The percentage of such migrant labor is higher in Bangladesh compared to Pakistan. A major reason for employment of migrant labor is the hazardous nature of the job as well as variations in employment levels depending on the extent of ship breaking work being done. Working conditions have historically been poor for the majority of these workers, with limited use of personal protective equipment..............

Keywords: Ship breaking industries, Health Status, Safety of workers, Environmental hazards, Child labor.

[1]. Naser G, Unsalan D, Tekigul N, Stuer-Lauridsen F. (2008): The ship breaking industry in Turkey: Environmental, safety and health issues, J. Cleaner Production, Vol. 16, No. , pp.350-358.Shipbuilders‟ association of Japan, (2011): Shipbuilding Statistics.
[2]. Hossain, K.A., Iqbal, K.S. and Zakaria, N.M.G. (2010): Ship recycling prospects in Bangladesh, Proceeding of International Conference on Marine Technology (MATEC2010), 11-12 December, BUET, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract: Background: Gallstone disease which has long been considered as an adult disease, is increasingly gaining recognition in the pediatric practice because of the significant documented increase in non-hemolytic cases over the last two decades.AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the childhood cholelithiasis and its clinical,haematological, pathological aspects and the management. Methods: The present prospective study was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Surgery, SKIMS, Srinagar over a period of two years. In this study 44 patients in age group of 2-14 years were included with ultrasound proved cholelithiasis.These patients were reviewed for demographic information, predisposing factors, presenting symptoms, laboratory findings, complications, treatment, stone analysis and histopatholigical characteristic of specimen.............

Keywords: Cholelithiasis, Childhood, Cholecystectomy.

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