iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2023

Abstract: Background: Worldwide more than 20 million patients undergo inguinal hernia repair annually. The problem of our age is to find an operation that is simple, does not require implantation of a foreign body like mesh and does not produce major complications during or after surgery. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 50 cases of unilateral inguinal hernia repaired by Desarda technique in the Department of General Surgery, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, from September,2020 to August,2021. Results: All cases were elective; 34 cases......

Keywords: Desarda technique, Inguinal hernia, Recurrence

[1]. Primatesta P, Goldacre MJ. Inguinal hernia repair: incidence of elective and emergency surgery, readmission and mortality. International journal of epidemiology. 1996;25(4):835-9.
[2]. Simons M, Aufenacker T, Bay-Nielsen M, Bouillot J, Campanelli G, Conze J, et al. European Hernia Society guidelines on the treatment of inguinal hernia in adult patients. Springer; 2009.
[3]. Natarajan B, Burjonrappa SC, Cemaj S, Fitzgibbons Jr RJ. Basic features of groin hernia and its repair. Shackelford's Surgery of the Alimentary Tract: Elsevier; 2013. p. 556-82.
[4]. Callesen T, Bech K, Kehlet H. Prospective study of chronic pain after groin hernia repair. Br J Surg. 1999;86(12):1528-31.
[5]. Desarda MP. Inguinal herniorrhaphy with an undetached strip of external oblique aponeurosis: a new approach used in 400 patients. The European journal of surgery. 2001;167(6):443-8.
[6]. Taylor S, O'dwyer P. Chronic groin sepsis following tension-free inguinal hernioplasty. British journal of surgery. 1999;86(4):562-5..

Abstract: Background: Acute pancreatitis is the most common inpatient principal gastrointestinal diagnosis.Acute pancreatitis is usually a self limiting process;however 25% of patients with the disease subsequently develop a severe form of the disease that is associated with a mortality upto 50%. The Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio(NLR) is a measure of the divergence of these two white cell count{WCC} components i.e lymphocytes and neutrophils,which may be more accurate than the total WCC or individual neutrophil/lymphocyte counts in predicting severity in patients with acute pancreatitis.......

Key words: NLR-Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio,Acute Pancreatitis

[1]. Hart PA, Conwell DL, Krishna SG. Acute and Chronic pancreatitis. In: Loscanzo, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, et al ,editors. Harrisons principles of medicine.21st ed. NewYork:McGrraw Hill,Health Professions Divison;2022.
[2]. Kumar P, Bharti S. Study on Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) As a Prognostic Marker In Acute Pancreatitis. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine. 2022 Jul 22;9(4):1060-6.
[3]. Dupuis CS, Baptista V, Whalen G, Karam AR, Singh A, Wassef W, Kim YH. Diagnosis and management of acute pancreatitis and its complications. Gastrointestinal Intervention. 2013 Jun 1;2(1):36-46.
[4]. Banks PA, Bollen TL, Dervenis C, Gooszen HG, Johnson CD, et al. Classification of acute pancreatitis--2012: revision of the Atlanta classification and definitions by international consensus. Gut. 2013;62:102–111.\
[5]. Gayathri B, Nisha B. Jain, Bhanu NMS. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in acute pancreatitis as an early predictor of severity and outcome.Int Surg J. 2018 Nov;5(11):3545-3548..

Abstract: Background:Meconium is the first substance secreted from fetal intestines and consist of intestinal epithelial cells, lanugo, mucus, amniotic fluid, bile and water. Objective:A study of maternal risk factors and the perinatal outcome in meconium stained amniotic fluid. Methods:This Prospective observational study was conducted among 100 cases of meconium stained AF admitted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a tertiary care centre during study period from January 2021 to June 2022 according to exclusion and inclusion criteria. Results:Majority of cases found with moderate thick MSAF. Most common maternal risk factor was post maturity. Majority of cases detected........

Keywords: Maternal Risk Factors, Perinatal Outcome, Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid

[1]. Singh SN, Srivastava R, Singh A, Tahazzul M, Kumar M, Kanta C, Chandra S. Respiratory distress including meconium aspiration syndrome in vigorous neonates born through meconium stained amniotic fluid: incidence, onset, severity and predictors at birth. Indian J Pediatr. 2013;80(7):538-43.
[2]. Davis RO, Philips JB, Harris BA, Wilson ER, Huddleston JF. Fatalmeconium aspiration syndrome occurring despite airway management considered appropriate. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1985;151(6):731- 6.
[3]. Galal M, Symonds I, Murray H, Petraglia F, Smith R. Postterm pregnancy. Facts, Views and Vision ObGyn. 2012;4(3):175.
[4]. Gudmundsson S, Dubiel M. Doppler velocimetry in the evaluation of fetal hypoxia. J Perinat Med. 2001;29(5):399-407.
[5]. Lin HC, Su BH, Lin TW, Peng CT, Tsai CH. Risk factors of mortality in meconium aspiration syndrome: review of 314 cases. ActapaediatricaTaiwanica Taiwan erkeyixuehuizazhi. 2004;45(1):30-4

Abstract: Aim: To demonstrate the efficacy of injection Triamcinolone acetonide and Hyaluronidase in increasing the interincisal distance in patients affected with oral submucous fibrosis. Materials and methods: Thirty five prediagnosed patients suffering from OSMF were selected for this study,from the outpatient department after being staged as per the classification provided by Kerr et al. Hyaluronidase 1500 I.U. in 1 ml triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg/mland 0.5 ml lignocaine HCL was injected intralesionally using a 26 gauge needle at the site of the palpable fibrous bands in the buccal mucosa with least number of pricks as possible. The Interincisal distance was evaluated and recorded once weekly for 5 weeks, one taken as baseline and rest four taken one week post injections.........

Keywords: Hyaluronidase, oral submucous fibrosis, Triamcinolone acetonide.

[1]. Mukherjee AL, Biswas SK. Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A search for etiology. Indian J Otolaryngol. 1972; 24(1): 11-16.
[2]. Joshi SG. Submucous fibrosis of the palate and pillars. Indian J OtolaryngoI1953; 4:1-4.
[3]. Su I Pin. Idiopathic scleroderma of the mouth-Report of three cases. Arch OtolaryngoI.1954; 59:330-2.
[4]. Pindborg JJ, Sirsat SM. Oral submucous fibrosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Path. 1966; 22: 764-79. [5]. Aara A, Satishkumar GP, Vani C, Venkat Reddy M, Sreekanth K, Ibrahim M. Comparative study of intralesional dexamethasone, hyaluronidase and oral pentoxifylline in patients with oral submucous fibrosis. Glob J Med Res. 2012; 12(7):1-4.

Abstract: Objective: Ocular surface disorder is a common malady in present scenario. Dry eye among post menopausal female is a common disorder to date. Commonly we come across meibomion gland dysfunction associated with post menopausal female as a common accompaniment of this condition. During this study we had tried to find out a positive co-relation between Dry Eye and Post menopausal female in central Indian. Material & Method: During this study 500 female of post menopausal age group were considered.......

[1]. Association between Symptoms and Signs of Dry Eye among an Elderly Chinese Population in Taiwan: The Shihpai Eye Study.Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science May 2005, Vol.46, 1593-1598. doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0864. Lin P , Tsai S Y, Cheng C Y , Liu J H, Chou P, Hsu W M
[2]. Corneal thickness in dry eyes in an Iraqi Population. Noora Mauwafak Ali, Furkaan M Hamied, and Qasim K Farhood.
[3]. Diagnosis and treatment of tear deficiencies. In: Tasman W, Jaeger E, editors. Duane's Clinical Ophthalmology. Philadelphia: Harper and Row; 1997. Lemp MA, Chacko B
[4]. Hormone Replacement Therapy and Dry Eye Syndrome. Debra A. Schaumberg, ScD,MPH; Julie E. Buring, ScD; David A.Sullivan, PhD;et al .JAMA 2001.
[5]. Parson's Diseases of the Eye, 21st ed. New Delhi: Elsevier; 11.p.463-464 SihotaR, Tandon R. Systemic Ophthalmology 21 ed.

Abstract: Background: Myopia is one of the most prevalent disorders of the eye. It is a spherical refractive error caused by excessive refractive power and/or axial lengthening of the eye, thus resulting in the anterior displacement of focus from the retina. It is found that the risks of retinal abnormalities such as peripheral retinal degeneration or breaks, rhegmatogenous retinal detachments, lacquer cracks, and choroidal abnormalities like chorioretinal degeneration , sub-foveal choroidal neovascularization increases with the degree of myopia and with the increase in axial length. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) refers to the separation of the inner neurosensory retina from the outer retinal pigment........

Keywords: myopia, myopes, non-myopes, retinal detachment, refractive error

[1]. Dandona L, Dandona R. Estimation of global visual impairment due to uncorrected refractive error. Bull World Health Organ. 2008;86: B-C.
[2]. Agarwal D, Saxena R, Gupta V, Mani K, Dhiman R, Bhardawaj A, et al. Prevalence of myopia in Indian school children: Meta-analysis of last four decades. Joe W, editor. PLoS ONE. 2020 Oct 19;15(10):e0240750.
[3]. Foster PJ, Jiang Y. Epidemiology of myopia. Eye. 2014 Feb;28(2):202–8.
[4]. Ghazi NG, Green WR. Pathology and pathogenesis of retinal detachment. Eye. 2002 Jul;16(4):411–21. [5]. Vongphanit J, Mitchell P, Wang JJ. Prevalence and progression of myopic retinopathy in an older population. Ophthalmology. 2002 Apr;109(4):704-11. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(01)01024-7. PMID: 11927427.

Abstract: Background:Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes increase with increasing parity and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The acceptance of family planning methods supports the interventions to improve the quality of life in multipara. Objectives: This study is aimed to analyze the maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies in multipara and to assess the acceptancy of various family planning methods Materials and methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Goa Medical College, for a period of 4 months inmultipara with more than 3 living children. Cases were defined according to WHO criteria and data was collected from records of antenatal visits and hospital records.........

Keywords: Multiparity, gravidity, maternal complications, neonatal complications

[1]. Nasrullah FD, Khan A, Haque S. comparative study with women of low parity in a tertiary care hospital. 2016;
[2]. Roy I, Burande A, Choubey R. Obstetric outcome in grand multipara-a Meghalaya experience Distributed under Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
[3]. Alsammani MA, Ahmed SR. Grand Multiparity: Risk Factors and Outcome in a Tertiary Hospital: a Comparative Study. Mater Sociomed [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2023 Feb 10];27(4):244. Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC4610637/
[4]. Muniro Z, Tarimo CS, Mahande MJ, Maro E, McHome B. Grand multiparity as a predictor of adverse pregnancy outcome among women who delivered at a tertiary hospital in Northern Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019 Jul 2;19(1).
[5]. Taha Z, elKtaibi F, al Dhaheri AI, Papandreou D, Ali Hassan A. Prevalence and Sociodemographic Profiles of Grand Multipara in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Nutrients [Internet]. 2022 Nov 1 [cited 2023 Feb 10];14(21). Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC9654687/

Abstract: Objective: The present study investigates the effect of Heartfulness meditation on quality of life, Heart rate and blood pressure control in patients with coronary artery disease. Methodology: The study conducted on CAD patients of various age groups, Variations in heart rate, systolic blood pressure and quality of life scale (SF12) is recorded before and after a 30-minute Heartfulness meditation session for 3months and analyzed statistically. Results:Meditation treatment showssignificant improvements in quality of life, heart rate reduction, and blood pressure control in patients with coronary artery........

Keywords: Heartfulness meditation, quality of life, heart rate, blood pressure, coronary artery disease(CAD)

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Abstract: Children with constitutional trisomy 21(Down Syndrome, DS)have a unique predisposition to develop myeloid Leukemia of Down syndrome (ML-DS).This disorder is preceded by a transient neonatal preleukemia syndrome, Transient Abnormal Myelopoisis(TAM).TAM andML-DS are caused byco-operation between trisomy-21, which itself perturbs fetal haematopoiesis and acquired mutation in the key haematopoietic transcription factor gene GATA1.These mutations are found in almost one third of DS neonates and are frequently clinically and haematologically "silent." While the majority of cases of TAM undergo spontaneous remission, around 10% will progress to ML-DS by acquiring in the unique biological, cytogenetic, and molecular characteristic of TAM and ML-DS are reviewed here

Keywords: Transient Abnormal Myelopoisis, Down Syndrome, Acute Leukemia,Myeloproliferative Disorder

[1]. Langebrake C, Creutzig U, Reinhardt D. Immunophenotype of down syndrome acute myeloid leukemia and transient myeloproliferative disease differs significantly from other diseases with morphologically identical or similar blasts. KlinPadiatr. 2005;217:126–34.
[2]. Pine SR, Guo Q, Yin C, Jayabose S, Druschel CM, Sandoval C. Incidence and clinical implications of GATA1 mutations in newborns with Down syndrome. Blood. 2007;110:2128–31.
[3]. Zipursky, A. Transient leukaemia—A benign form of leukaemia in snewborn infants with trisomy 21. Br. J. Haematol. 2003, 120, 930–938.
[4]. Watanabe, K. Recent advances in the understanding of transient abnormal myelopoiesis in Down syndrome. Pediatr. Int. 2019, 61, 222–229.
[5]. Pine SR, Guo Q, Yin C, Jayabose S, Druschel CM, Sandoval C. Incidence and clinical implications of GATA1 mutations in newborns with Down syndrome. Blood. 2007;110:2128–31.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological change of liver tissue, which is similar to alcoholicliverdisease(steatosis,fibrosis, cirrhosis,HCC) but has no excess alcohol abuse history. Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism. Most uric acid is excreted with urine through kidney, and the rest enters the intestinal tract through the bile duct and is decomposed by intestinal bacteria. In the past decades, with the increasing prevalence of NAFLD, many clinical studies were carried out to investigate its related biomarkers and risk factors.........

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