iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2023

Abstract: Introduction: Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is a serious and often fatal condition that is characterized by the spread of cancer beyond the lungs. The most common forms of NSCLC are adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Palliative chemotherapy is often used to manage advanced NSCLC, which aims to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life, rather than cure the disease. Paclitaxel-Carboplatin and Gemcitabine-Carboplatin are both commonly used regimens for palliative chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC. Comparing the efficacy of these two regimens is important to determine if any one of them is more effective and has fewer side effects for patients compared to the other. Aim of the study: The aim of the study.....

Keywords: Cancer, Advanced, Chemotherapy, Paclitaxel, Gemcitabine, Carboplatin

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Abstract: Aim:To evaluate the influence of different irrigation sequence on penetration of root canal sealers to dentin. Materials and methods: A total of one hundred and twenty human single rooted mandibular premolars were selected anddecoronated at the cemento-enamel junction. Instrumentation done in all the canals using Protaper Universal Rotary files upto F3. The specimens were randomly divided into four experimental groups based on irrigation sequence followed. In Group I 3% NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA, Group-II17% EDTA followed by 3% NaOCl, Group III 17% EDTA followed by 2% chlorhexidine and In Group IV 3% NaOCl followed by Normal saline. Then again based......

Key words: CHX- Chlorhexidine, CLSM- Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, EDTA- Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid,.

[1]. Madhavi A Shetty, VibhaHegde. Effects of Different Final Irrigating Solutions on Depth of Sealer Penetration into Dentinal Tubules. An in vitro Confocal Laser Microscopic Study .Journal of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, July-December 2017;2(2) Pages:69-73.
[2]. Aysun Kara Tuncer, SafaTuncer Effect of Different Final Irrigation Solutions on Dentinal Tubule Penetration Depth and Percentage of Root Canal Sealer: Journal Of Endodontics, Volume 38, Number 6, June 2012.Pages 860-863.
[3]. Iftikhar Akbar. Radiographic study of the problems and failures of endodontic treatment. International Journal of Health Sciences. 2015; 9(2), Pages: 111-118.
[4]. Dag orstavik .Materials used for root canal obturation: technical, biological and clinical testing: Endodontic Topics 2005, 12, Pages: 25–38.
[5]. Shalin Desai and Nicholas Chandler. Calcium Hydroxide–Based Root Canal Sealers: A Review, Journal Of Endodontics, April 2009, Volume 35, Number 4. Pages: 475–480..

Abstract:Introduction: Data on the global COVID19 pandemic suggests that liver injury could be a manifestation of the disease, and that liver disease could also be related to a worse prognosis. Various studies have shown AST/ALT ratio > 1 was associated with severe course and increased mortality. Previous studies show abnormal AST was associated with the highest mortality compared with other indicators of liver injury. Aim: We aimed to investigate the independent predictive factors for the severity and survival of COVID19 disease from routine blood parameters.......

[1]. El Ouali S, Romero-Marrero C, Regueiro M. Hepatic manifestations of COVID-19. Cleve Clin J Med. 2020 Aug 27
[2]. Liu Z, Hu D, Li J, Xia Q, Gong Y, Li Z, Wu Q, Yi M, Huang Y, Wu M, Guo L, Wu X. Prognostic Potential of Liver Enzymes in Patients With COVID-19 at the Leishenshan Hospital in Wuhan. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Nov 16;11:636999.
[3]. Cai Q, Huang D, Yu H, Zhu Z, Xia Z, Su Y, Li Z, Zhou G, Gou J, Qu J, Sun Y, Liu Y, He Q, Chen J, Liu L, Xu L. COVID-19: Abnormal liver function tests. J Hepatol. 2020 Sep;73(3):566-574.
[4]. Singhai A, Pavan GS, Panda S. Evaluation of liver function in symptomatic COVID-19 patients. J Family Med Prim Care. 2021 Sep;10(9):3252-3256
[5]. Saini RK, Saini N, Ram S, Soni SL, Suri V, Malhotra P, Kaur J, Verma I, Sharma S, Zohmangaihi D. COVID-19 associated variations in liver function parameters: a retrospective study. Postgrad Med J. 2022 Feb;98(1156):91-97

Abstract: BACKGROUND: SARS Cov2 took the world by a storm claiming millions of life. Though quiescent now it poses an undeniable threat. It has been reported that a variety of indicators can predict the progression of COVID-19 disease and a study of it will help us remain a step ahead when the catastrophe strikes again. AIM: The aim of this study is to identify if a relationship exists between RDW and the clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients. METHOD: In this retrospective study, data on 400 RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients from KIMS hospital and research centre , Bengaluru were collected from April 2021to July 2021 . Patient's history,vitals and laboratory reports were collected.........

[1]. Higgins JM, Mahadevan L. Physiological and pathological population dynamics of circulating human red blood cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. (2010)107:20587–92. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1012747107
[2]. Patel HH, Patel HR, Higgins JM. Modulation of red blood cell population dynamics is a fundamental homeostatic response to disease. Am J Hematol(2015) 90:422–8. doi: 10.1002/ajh.23982
[3]. Salvagno GL, Sanchis-Gomar F, PicanzaA,Lippi G. Red blood cell distribution width: A simple parameter with multiple clinical applicationsCrit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2015; 52(2): 86–105.
[4]. Jelkmann W. Proinflammatory cytokines lowering erythropoietin production. J Interferon cytokine Res. 1998 Aug; 18(8): 555–9.
[5]. Hu ZD, Lippi G, Montagnana M. Diagnostic and prognostic value of red blood cell distribution width in sepsis: a narrative review. Clin Biochem. 2020 Mar; 77: 1–6.

Abstract: Introduction: Histopathological examination of the gallbladder is crucial in understanding the specific type of gallbladder disease present in a patient. It is used to differentiate between chronic and acute cholecystitis, adenomyomatosis, neoplasia, and other forms of gallbladder disease. This examination can aid in the development of an appropriate treatment plan and can help predict the outcomes of the patient. It also helps to understand the progression of the disease and the risk of complications that the patient may face. Aim of the study: The study aimed to observe the histopathological gradings and findings of gallbladder problems among patients who had undergone surgery. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional and....

KEY WORDS: Gallbladder, Histopathological, Cholelithiasis, Gallstones

[1]. Jones MW, Weir CB, Ghassemzadeh S. Gallstones (Cholelithiasis). In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 [cited 2023 Jan 23]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459370/
[2]. Stinton LM, Shaffer EA. Epidemiology of Gallbladder Disease: Cholelithiasis and Cancer. Gut Liver [Internet]. 2012 Apr [cited 2023 Jan 22];6(2):172–87. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3343155/
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[4]. Gallstones [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2023 Jan 23]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/gallstones
[5]. Bouchier IA. The Formation of Gallstones. The Keio Journal of Medicine. 1992;41(1):1–5..

Abstract: Background: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most prevalent clinical type of glaucoma in sub-Sahara Africa.The clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with primary open angle glaucoma often correlate with the disease.However, not much information is available on the profile of glaucoma patients and their influence in Niger Delta, Nigeria.Methodology:This was a prospective study of 1000 consecutive POAG patients attending the Glaucoma unit of the Ophthalmology department of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital from 2010 to 2022. The demographic, epidemiological...

KEY WORDS: Glaucoma, Niger-Delta, Nigeria, Profile

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Abstract: Objectives: We sought to compare the prevalence, pattern of causative organism and outcome of newborn with culture proven sepsis admitted in SNCU inborn and outborn for the last 12 months in a tertiary care hospital in rural Bengal . Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over a total of 2880 inborn and 2545 outborn babies over 1 year period. Data were collected in a predesigned proforma and analysed in Microsoft excel 2010 using standard statistical techniques

KEY WORDS: culture proven sepsis. SNCU inborn and outborn , recovery , antibiogram

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Abstract: It is unknown whether CRP is a direct cause or a marker of coronary artery disease (CAD), despite the fact that plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) are independently linked to an elevated risk of CAD. Initial stages of atherosclerosis Coronary artery disease (CAD) is recognized to be triggered by inflammation, and the inflammatory cascade is essential for the growth of atherosclerosis. Given the significant role inflammatory processes play in coronary artery disease, recent research has looked into whether inflammatory biomarkers can help with risk stratification and identify patient groups likely to benefit from intervention. C-reactive protein (CRP) has become one of the most significant....

KEY WORDS: CRP, ischemic heart disease, inflammation, coronary artery disease

[1]. Çağdaş, M., Rencüzoğullari, I., Karakoyun, S., Karabağ, Y., Yesin, M., Artaç, I., Iliş, D., Çağdaş, Ö.S., Tezcan, A.H. and Tanboğa, H.I., 2019. Assessment of relationship between C-reactive protein to albumin ratio and coronary artery disease severity in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Angiology, 70(4), pp.361-368.
[2]. Held, C., White, H.D., Stewart, R.A., Budaj, A., Cannon, C.P., Hochman, J.S., Koenig, W., Siegbahn, A., Steg, P.G., Soffer, J. and Weaver, W.D., 2017. Inflammatory biomarkers interleukin‐6 and C‐reactive protein and outcomes in stable coronary heart disease: experiences from the STABILITY (stabilization of atherosclerotic plaque by initiation of darapladib therapy) trial. Journal of the American Heart Association, 6(10), p.e005077.
[3]. Isola, G., Polizzi, A., Muraglie, S., Leonardi, R. and Lo Giudice, A., 2019. Assessment of vitamin C and antioxidant profiles in saliva and serum in patients with periodontitis and ischemic heart disease. Nutrients, 11(12), p.2956.
[4]. Ju, W., Li, X., Li, Z., Wu, G.R., Fu, X.F., Yang, X.M., Zhang, X.Q. and Gao, X.B., 2017. The effect of selenium supplementation on coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Trace elements in Medicine and Biology, 44, pp.8-16.
[5]. Khandaker, G.M., Zuber, V., Rees, J.M., Carvalho, L., Mason, A.M., Foley, C.N., Gkatzionis, A., Jones, P.B. and Burgess, S., 2020. Shared mechanisms between coronary heart disease and depression: findings from a large UK general population-based cohort. Molecular psychiatry, 25(7), pp.1477-1486.

Abstract: Résume La Covid‑19 apparue en décembre 2019 en Chine est une nouvelle maladie à coronaviruspour laquelle aucun traitement ni vaccin à efficacité avérée n'a été prouvé. Les gouvernements des pays dont la RDC, l'OMS et ses partenaires s'efforcent à développer des mesures sanitaires contre la covid-19. Les données des pays touchés présentent 40 % des personnes infectées par une forme légère ; 40 % une forme modérée ; 15 % une forme grave et 5 % une forme critique. Depuis le début de l'épidémie déclarée le 10 mars 2020, le cumul des cas est de 92.917 cas, dont 92.915 cas confirmés et 2 cas probables12.......

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