iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2023

Abstract: Introduction: Appendicitis is one of the most common intra-abdominal condition requiring surgery.It has a lifetime risk of 6%.1Appendicectomy continues to be one of the commonest procedures in general surgery which accounts for approximately 1% of all surgical operation.2Laparoscopic appendicectomy has the advantage of diagnosis and treatment in one procedure with least morbidity.Critics of laparoscopic appendicectomy often point to the increased cost of the surgical equipments as a major disadvantage of this procedure. Despite these concerns,however the cost effectiveness for the laparoscopic appendicectomy is easily realized once the decreased hospital stay and entire......

Keywords: Acute Appendicitis, Laparoscopicappendicectomy, open appendicectomy

[1]. Andy Petroianu, "Diagnosis of acute appendicitis"International Journal of surgery 10 (2012);115-119
[2]. Telfor G, Wallace J, "Appendix" chapter 13 in Oxford text book of surgery, Morris PJ., Wood WC., Eds. Vol.2, 2nd Edn, Oxford Medical Publications, 2000; 180-189.
[3]. Palanivelu C, "Laparoscopic appendiectomy" chapter 53 in Text book of surgical laparoscopy, Shrinivas Fine Art Limited, 2002; 411-424.
[4]. GallendoGallengo ,Fadrique, Neto, CallejaFernandaj . Evaluation of ultrasonography and clinical diagnostic scoring in suspected appendicitis.Br J Surgery 1998; 85:3740.
[5]. Yong JL, Law WL, Lo CY, Lam CM, " A Comparative study of routine laparoscopic versus open appendicectomy", JSLS 2006 Apr-Jun;10(2):188- 192.

Abstract: Introduction:Benign breast diseases are common disorder, upto 30% of women will suffer from benign breast diseases requiring treatment at sometimes in their lives. It is at least 10 times more common than breast cancer in hospital clinic.The term benign breast disease, (BBD) encompasses a heterogenous clinical and pathological condition which ranges from inflammatory condition to benign neoplastic conditions.During the past decade there has been an increasing interest in BBD for the reasons like its high incidence, patients demanding investigations and treatment for symptoms of diseases and the question of premalignant disorder in which surveillance may be beneficial.......

Key words: Benign Breast Disease, Fibroadenoma, Fibroadenosis

[1]. SainsburyRC.Thebreast.In:WilliamsNS,BulsrodeCJK,ConnellPReditors.
[2]. Bailey and Love's short practice of surgery.25th edition, Arnold. London. 2008.p.827-848.
[3]. Mansel E. Robert, Fenn J. Nell, Davies L. Eleri, "Benign breast disease and itsmanagement ", Chapter 5, recent advances in surgery, No. 21, JohnsonC.D.,TaylorI.,ChurchillLivingstone,Edinburgh,1998:71-73pp.
[4]. Lange R. Julie Md., "Benign breast disease", current surgical therapy, 6thEdn,CameronJohnL.,Mosby,Philadelohia,1998: 624-626pp.
[5]. Rangabashyam N, Gynprakash D, Krishnaraj B, Manohar V, Vijalakhsmi SR.SpectrumofbenignbreastlesioninMadras.JRoyCollSurg1983;28:369-373.
[6]. Khanna S, Aryya NC, Khanna NN. Spectrum of benign breast disease. IJS 1988;May-June; 169-175.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Intestinal anastomosis can be performed by a hand sewn technique using absorbable and/or non absorbablesutures , mechanical stapling devices or biological glues. The choice of anastomotic technique may be influenced by the diameter of the bowel ends, edema, accessibility and site of anastomosis, contamination, available time and equipment and underlying pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 50 patients in the age group of 18-80 years who were randomly allocated into two groups. 25 underwent.........

[1]. Mark G Coleman. Basic Surgical Skills and Anastomoses. Bailey and Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 27th Edition: International Student's Edition , Volume One . In: N. S. Williams, Andrew W. McCaskie and P. R. O'Connell, editor;2018 ; page 97
[2]. Bhandary S, Babu NM, Gojanur G. Comparative study of bowel anastomosis–Hand sewn versus stapler. IOSR J Dental Med Sci. 2016;15(12):37-42.
[3]. Damesha N, Lubana PS, Jain DK, Mathur R. A comparative study of sutured and stapled anastomosis in gastrointestinal operations. Internet J Surg. 2008;15(2):8.
[4]. Santo MA, Takeda FR, Sallum RAA. Staplers in digestive surgery. Technological advancement in surgeons' own hands. Arq Gastroenterol. 2011;48(1):1-2
[5]. Glyn G. Jamieson ; Stapling techniques for anastomoses of esophagus. Rob and Smith's operative surgery;5th edn; In:Glyn G. Jamieson, Haile T. Debas ;pg 84

Abstract: Background: One of the most often injured solid organs in traumatic abdominal injury is the spleen, which frequently has a high mortality and morbidity rate. The management approach gradually shifted to non-invasive management with improvements in diagnosis and therapy. The goal of this study is to examine the clinical presentation of a patient with splenic trauma, the value of FAST and CT scans in such patients, and the line of care with particular emphasis on non-operative management. Methods: Between June 2021 and May 2022, 50 patients with splenic injuries who were admitted to the Department of Surgery at the GMCH........

Keywords: Splenic injury, Ultrasonography FAST, Computed Tomography (CT) scan, Angiography

[1]. Elmo JC, James HS. Blunt trauma to the small intestine. J Trauma 1970;10:46-50.
[2]. Shackford SR, Sise MJ, Virgilio RW, Peters RM. Selective management of blunt splenic trauma. J Trauma. 1986;26:970-9.
[3]. Siriratsivawong K, Zenati M, Watson GA, Harbrecht BG. Nonoperative management of blunt splenic trauma in the elderly: does age play a role? Am Surg. 2007;73: 585–90.
[4]. Tugnoli G, Bianchi E, Biscardi A, Coniglio C, Isceri S, Simonetti L, Gordini G, Di Saverio S. Nonoperative management of blunt splenic injury in adults: there is (still) a long way to go. The results of the Bologna-Maggiore Hospital trauma center experience and development of a clinical algorithm. Surgery today. 2015 Oct;45(10):1210-7.
[5]. Chastang L, Bege T, Prudhomme M, Simonnet AC, Herrero A, Guillon F, et al. Is non-operative management of severe blunt splenic injury safer than embolization or surgery? Results from a French prospective multicenter study. J Visc Surg. 2015;152:85–91..

Abstract: Background Chronic calculuscholecystitis is a common disease of hepatobiliary system constituting a significant health problems in developing and developed countries. Many risk factors like age, sex, metabolic disorders, environmental factors, ethnicity are associated with it. Gallstone disease has various clinical presentations. Cholecystectomy is a common abdominal surgery done in Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Assam. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard method of surgery done for chronic calculus cholecystitis. Materials and methods It wasa single centre prospective, clinical observational study done in Department of General Surgery, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital......

Key words : Chronic calculus cholecystitis, Risk factors, Clinical presentations, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Early recovery

[1]. Gaharwar A. Factors favouring cholelithiasis in North Indian population. IOSR J Pharm. 2013 Jun;3(5):1-3.
[2]. Gul R, Dar RA, Sheikh RA, Salroo NA, Matoo AR, Wani SH. Comparison of early and delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: experience from a single center. North American journal of medical sciences. 2013 Jul;5(7):414.
[3]. Sapkota P, Oli YB, Pokharel N. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Chronic Calculus Cholecystitis. Journal of Lumbini Medical College. 2013 Dec 30;1(2):78-9.
[4]. Bansal A, Akhtar M, Bansal AK. A clinical study: prevalence and management of cholelithiasis. International Surgery Journal. 2016 Dec 10;1(3):134-9.
[5]. ThamilSelvi, et al, Cholecystitis with Special Reference, International Journal of Basic Medical Science - July 2011, Vol : 2, Issue : 2.

Abstract: Tonsillectomy is important surgery performed in the field of ENT. as Cold steel tonsillectomy is a famous performed technique over a period of time . Lot of new methods of tonsillectomy have been introduced with perceived advantages in terms of to decrease the bleeding, to reduce the pain, more rapid healing in the post operative period and ease of surgical technique. Even though it is simple surgery the surgeon always have to be aware of bleeding as the oropharynx highly vascular , in this study peritonsillar infiltration with epinephrine ( adrenaline ) with dosage of 1: 100000 mixed.......

Key words : tonsillectomy , peritonsillar infiltration , adrenaline , lignocaine , blood loss

[1]. Al-AbbasiAM, Saeed ZK. Hydrogen peroxide 3%: Is it beneficial in tonsillectomy? Sultan QaboosUniv Med J 2008;8:201-4.
[2]. Scott-brown‟s otolaryngology , head and neck 8 th edition page 436
[3]. Broadman LM, Patel RI, Feldman BA, Sellman GL et al, The effects of peritonsillar infiltration on the reduction of intra operative blood loss and post tonsillectomy pain in children. Laryngoscope 1989 Jun;99(6 Pt 1):578-81
[4]. Rasgon BM, Cruz RM, Hilsinger RL, Korol HW et al, Infiltration of epinephrine in tonsillectomy: a randomized, prospective, double –blinded study. Laryngoscope 1991 Feb;101(2):114-8
[5]. E.tas et al./international journal ofpediatricotorhinolaryngology 74(2010)1171-1175

Abstract: Introduction Liver abscess is defined as a collection of purulent material in the liver parenchyma which can be due to bacterial, fungal, parasitic or mixed. It is a common condition in India. India has the second highest incidence in the world. Materials and methods: A prospective clinic-pathological study of 50 patients with liver abscess and its management strategies. Results and Observation: Out of 50 cases of liver abscess, there were 32 cases of pyogenic liver abscess and 18 cases of amoebic liver abscess.......

Key words : Amoebic liver abscess; Pyogenic liver abscess.

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[3]. Pitt HA, Zuidema GD. Factors influencing mortality in the treatment of pyogenic hepatic abscess. SurgGynecol Obstet. 1975;140(2):228-234.
[4]. Clairmont, P., Meyer M. No TitleSubphrenic abscess; collective review and analysis of 3,608 collected and personal cases. InternatAbstr Surg. 1938:426-438.
[5]. Branum GD, Tyson GS, Branum MA, Meyers WC. Hepatic Abscess Changes in Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management

Abstract: Adescriptive, cross sectional study done in the Khartoum state /Sudan clinic, in the period from January 2022 to January 2023 evaluated the first trimester vaginal bleeding using ultrasound. For the different types of miscarriage as a part of vaginal bleeding during first trimester 200 women patients age group between 16 and 43 years old, , the patients were scanned trans abdominally and other scanned endovaginal, the study variable were (age, gravidity, occupation and parity, pelvic pain, socio-economic status. The study found that there were 40% of cases were incomplete miscarriage, 25% complete miscarriage, 13% threatened miscarriage, 18% missed miscarriage, inevitable.......

Key words :Vaginal bleeding Ultrasound Types of miscarriage Sudanese women

[1]. L. Hagen, Kalifornia . Text book of diagnostic sonography. Seventh edition Louis Missouri:Andreo Allen, 2012.
[2]. A.Kurjak etal, Zagrib. Donald School text book of in ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology. Third Edition. Newdelhi: Jaypeebrothers Medical bublishers, 2011.
[3]. Penny, Steven.M. North Carolina. Examination Review for Ultrasound Abdomen & Obstetrics and Gynecology. First Edition. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams' & Wilkins, 2011.
[4]. Mutaz Basheir (analysis of ultra-findings in abnormal vaginal bleeding – 2011).
[5]. Richard .Snell ,Washington . Clinical anatomy by Regions . ninth edition . Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business 2012).

Abstract: Introduction Acute pancreatitis (AP) is defined as an inflammatory process of the pancreas with possible peri-pancreatic tissue and multi organ involvement inducing multi organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) with an increased mortality rate. The worldwide incidence of acute pancreatitis ranges between 5-80 cases per 100,000 populations per year. Most patients develop a mild and self-limited course, however 10-20% of patients develop a rapidly progressive inflammatory response associated with prolonged length of hospital stay and significant morbidity and mortality. Early assessment of severity and identification of patients at risk is important for early intensive therapy and timely intervention. The study is conducted for assessment of the two scoring systems, viz. Ranson's and BISAP in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis.......

Key words : BISAP, Ranson, pancreatitis

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