iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2023

Abstract:Aims and Objectives: - • The aim of the study is to emphasize the value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in evaluation of patients with orbital pathologies. Material and Methods: - The present study was carried out in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, in a tertiary care teaching hospital. 30 patients who underwent MR imagingin evaluation of orbital pathologies duringtheperiodbetween October2021to September 2022. The study type was cross sectional study.....

[1]. Gala F. Magnetic resonance imaging of optic nerve. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2015:25:421-38
[2]. Hallinan JT. Pillay P. Koh LH. Goh KY, Yu WY. Eye globe abnormalities on MR and CT in adults: An anatomical approach. Korean J Radiol 2016:17:664-73.
[3]. Rumboldt Z. Moses C. Wieczerzyski U, Saini R. Diffusion-weighted imaging apparent diffusion coefficients, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR imaging in endophthalmitis, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2005:26:1869-72.
[4]. Kazek AA. Elkhamury S. MRI of retinoblastoma. Br J Radiol 2011:84-775-84.
[5]. Silvera VM. Guerin JB. Brinjikji W. Dalvin LA. Retinoblastoma: What the neuroradiologist needs to know. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021:42:618-26

Abstract: Kidneys-being the major organs in the body are resected for various reasons including malignancy and nonfunctioning status of the organ, leading to severe morbidity and decrease in quality of life of the people, especially in south Tamil nadu where the people are extreme laborers and belong to poor socioeconomic status. So, this study aimed at collecting the major causes of nephrectomy being done and sorting out the preventive aspects that can be instituted in the general public. AIM To analyse the histopathological reports of the nephrectomy specimens this study was aimed at deriving the data that reveals the major pathological.......

Key words: nephrectomy, malignancy of kidney, chronic pyelonephritis

[1]. Histopathological study of nephrectomy specimens in a tertiary care hospital; Nilay Shah, Sunita Goyal*; IP journal of diagnostic pathology and oncology,Volume : 4, Issue : 1, Year : 2019; 39-44
[2]. SPECTRUM OF LESIONS IN NEPHRECTOMY SPECIMENS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL; Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences September 2015 10.14260/jemds/2015/1832
[3]. Nephrectomy – A study of recent trends in a high-volume tertiary care center, exploring the need for screening and preventive strategies; Asian Journal of Medical Sciences,February 2022,13(2):65-68;10.3126/ajms.v13i2.40434- Ankit vyas et al
[4]. Histopathology of nephrectomy specimens: A ten year south Indian tertiary hospital based study, Chaitra B, PremaLatha P, Tejeswini V, Haritha O, Anusha ,Volume : 3, Issue : 3, Year : 201; 232-236
[5]. Alpers CE. The Kidney. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Aster JC, editors. Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2010; pp 905-70

Abstract: High-risk Pregnancies comprises about 1/3rd to 1/4th of total pregnancies and are likely to cause maximum number of Maternal Morbidity and Mortality.Further there may be complications of pregnancy or delivery itself requiring admission to intensive care unit •Maternal Near missˡ case is defined as a woman who nearly died but survived a complication that occurred during Pregnancy , Childbirth or With in 42 days of termination of pregnancy......

[1]. Say L, Souza JP, Pattinson RC; WHO working group on Maternal Mortality and Morbidity classifications. Maternal near miss–towards a standard tool for monitoring quality of maternal health care. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2009. Jun;23(3):287–96.
[2]. World Health Organization. Evaluating the Quality of Care for Severe Pregnancy Complications: The WHO Near-Miss Approach for Maternal Health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2011
[3]. Cham M, Sundby J, Vangen S. Availability and quality of emergency obstetric care in Gambia's main referral hospital: Women-users' testimonies. Reprod Health. 2009;6:5.

Abstract: Background: Material and Methods: The present study was a prospective randomized study consisted of 60 adult patients with fresh intertrochanteric fractures of femur that were treated with Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) or Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) at ASRAM Medical college, Eluru, West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh between October 2020 and October 2022. This study was carried out to compare the results of inter-trochanteric fractures treated with DHS and PFN. All the 60 patients were followed up at regular intervals......

Keywords: Dynamic Hip screw [DHS], Harris hip score, Intertrochanteric fracture, Proximal femoral nail [PFN]..

[1]. Jonnes C, Sm S, Najimudeen S. Type II Intertrochanteric Fractures: Proximal Femoral Nailing (PFN) Versus Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS). Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2016 Jan;4(1):23-8. PMID: 26894214; PMCID: PMC4733231.
[2]. Kannus P, Parkkari J, Sievänen H, et al. Epidemiology of hip fractures. Bone. 1996;18 (Suppl 1):57–63.
[3]. Radford PJ, Needoff M, Webb JK. Aprospective randomised comparison of the dynamic hip screw and the gamma locking nail. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1993;75(5):789–93.
[4]. Xiao Huang, Frankie Leung, Zhou Xiang, Pei-Yong Tan, Jing Yang, Dai-Qing Wei, Xi Yu, "Proximal Femoral Nail versus Dynamic Hip Screw Fixation for Trochanteric Fractures: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials", The Scientific World Journal, vol. 2013, Article ID 805805, 8 pages, 2013.
[5]. A.O; Orthopaedic Trauma Association Committee for coding and classification of Fracture and dislocation Compendium, J Orthop trauma 1996; 10(1): 30-35..

Abstract: Coccydynia or coccygeal pain is a medical condition although rare which manifests as pain and tenderness over the coocygeal region. These patients have mostly difficulty sitting and the symptoms are excarbratted by pressure. The condition typically responds to conservative management like non-steroidal antinflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) , sitz baths, soft cushions, rectal manipulation Our study included 30 patients with coccygeal pain refractory to other means of treatment. We used 40 ml triamcinolone along with 2ml of 1% lidocaine introduced locally. The outcome was studied by ability of the patient to sit, by eliciting the local tenderness and the VAS score. We concluded that injecting steroid injection in patients with refractory coccydynia is a good alternative option with minimal complications.

Keywords: coccydynia, local steroid, lidocaine

[1]. Kerr EE, Benson D, Schrott RJ; Coccygectomy for chronic refractory coccygodynia: clinical case series and literature review. J Neurosurg Spine, 2011; 12:49-54.
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[3]. Nathan S.T., Fischer, B.E. and Roberts, C.S. (2010) Coccydynia : A Review of Pathoanatomy, Aetiology, Treatment and Outcome. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume, 92, 1622-67.
[4]. Kerr EE, Benson D, Schrott RJ; Coccygectomy for chronic refractory coccygodynia: clinical case series and literature review. J Neurosurg Spine, 2011; 14:64-63.
[5]. Karadimas EJ, Trypsiannis G, Giannoudis PV; Surgical treatment of coccygodynia: an alternative review of the literature. Eur Spine J, 2011;20:698-705

Abstract: Objectives: To assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of HPV vaccine among medicos of Andhra medical college. Materials and methods: This is a cross sectional observational study conducted among 200 medical students of Andhra Medical College. Data was collected through self reported questionnaire which included knowledge , attitude, practice towards HPV vaccination for cancer cervix prevention. Conclusion:In the present study among medical students, it is found that majority of students knew that HPV may cause cancer in humans......

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[2]. Burd EM. Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2003;16(1):1-17.
[3]. Munoz N. International Agency for Research on Cancer Multicenter Cervical Cancer Study Group. Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:518-27.
[4]. Schiffman M, Castle PE, Jeronimo J, Rodriguez AC, Wacholder S. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. Lancet. 2007;370(9590):890-907.
[5]. Misra D, Mahajan C, Bansal B. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards cervical cancer screening and human papilloma virus vaccine at a tertiary care facility in North India. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2020;9(7):3004.

Abstract: Background: Pre-operative anxiety is common in pediatric population. Fear of parental separation, fear of strange hospital environment and painful procedures contribute to preoperative anxiety. Preoperative anxiety in children is associated with several adverse postoperative outcomes, such as increased distress in the recovery phase, and postoperative regressive behavioural disturbances, such as nightmares, separation anxiety, eating disorders, and bedwetting Preoperative anxiety in paediatric patients is therefore an important concern for anaesthesiologist. Dexmedetomidine....

KEYWORDS- Dexmedetomidine, paediatric patients Nebulised dexmedetomidine, premedication, separation anxiety.

[1]. Tan L, Frca BM, Meakin GH, Frca MD. Anaesthesia for the uncooperative child. Continuing Education in Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain. 2010;10(2):48-52. doi:10.1093/BJACEACCP/MKQ003
[2]. Singla D, Chaudhary G, Dureja J, Mangla M. Comparison of dexmedetomidine versus midazolam for intranasal premedication in children posted for elective surgery: A double-blind, randomised study. Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia. 2015;21(6):12-15. doi:10.1080/22201181.2015.1075937
[3]. Perry JN, Hooper VD, Masiongale J. Reduction of Preoperative Anxiety in Pediatric Surgery Patients Using Age-Appropriate Teaching Interventions. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing. 2012;27(2):69-81. doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2012.01.003
[4]. Peng K, Wu SR, Ji FH, Li J. Premedication with dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinics. 2014;69(11):777-786. doi:10.6061/CLINICS/2014(11)12
[5]. Dave NM. Premedication and Induction of Anaesthesia in paediatric patients. Indian J Anaesth. 2019;63(9):713. doi:10.4103/IJA.IJA_491_19.

Abstract:Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetesin children.Other autoimmune disease common in these individuals is Autoimmune Thyroiditis(15-30%).Innormal individualsthe positivity of anti-thyroid antibodiesisfound to be 2.9% - 3.4%. While in T1DM children it is between 18.5% - 24.6%.
Aims and Objectives:To study the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and its effects in childrendiagnosed with Type1Diabetes Mellitus. To correlate the effect of thyroid dysfunction based on age, gender of individual, duration of diabetes, glycemic control, lipid abnormality, BMI and growth and development in children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Materialsand Methods:The......

[1]. Owers AC, Type 1 Diabetes mellitus, DL,Braunwald E, Fauci, Hauser SL. Harrison‟s principles of internal.
[2]. Davidson , Diamond. New England Journal Medicine 2001;345(5):341-50.
[3]. Dretzkes, Cummin .Autoantibody screening in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus. Health Technololgy Assess 2004;8:1-182.
[4]. Perros , McCrimmon . Frequency of thyroid dysfunction in diabetic patients: value of annual screening. Diabetes Medicine1995;12(7):623–7.
[5]. Umpierrez , Murphy, et al. Thyroid dysfunction in T1DM : A longitudinal study. Diabetes Care 2003; 26(4):1183–5

Abstract: Background : Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the leading causes for women attending gynaecologist for opinions. Thus better understanding of the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding is required by determining the pattern of intrauterine pathologies through hysteroscopy and to correlate these hysteroscopic findings with histopathological reports. The aim and objective of this study was to determine the pattern of hysteroscopic abnormalities and histopathological features of intrauterine pathology and thus to correlate hysteroscopic findings with histopathological findings. Materials and method:...

KEYWORDS- Abnormal uterine bleeding, gold standard, hysteroscopic findings, histopathological findings.

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Abstract: Aim of the Study: To compare the efficacy of platelet rich plasma, platelet rich fibrin and bone grafts in the healing of oral and maxillofacial lesion and extraction sockets. Objectives of the Study: To assess and compare soft tissue healing with placement of PRP, PRF and bone graft in extraction socket and oral and maxillofacial lesion using standard parameters. To clinically observe the tissue color, response to palpation, bleeding, granulation tissue and suppuration postoperatively in patients with PRP, PRF and bone graft in extraction socket and lesion. To evaluate severity of pain after placement of PRP, PRF and bone graft in extraction socket and lesion using standard parameters. To evaluate and assess bone healing radiographically with respect......

KEYWORDS- Platelet Rich Plasma; Platelet Rich Fibrin; Bone graft.

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