iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2023

Abstract: Tobacco is smoked and chewed in various forms. It is the largest single preventable cause of death and diseases. It can cause oral cancers and precancerous lesions. It is also responsible for a number of oral lesions that are not considered precancerous failing to recognize which, can lead to cancer. Tobacco habits in India are practiced in various different forms and are specific to certain areas.1 Tobacco is one of the most important cause of both addiction and development of oral cancer. Christopher Columbus first discovered tobacco and was widely used in Europe at that time. Later Spanish and Portuguese sailors carried this tobacco to......

[1]. Mishra N, K S, Rai J, Awasthi N. Tobacco related lesions of oral cavity- a review. International Journal of Contemporary Medicine Surgery and Radiology. 2017;2(1):25- 28
[2]. Naveen-Kumar B, Tatapudi R, Sudhakara-Reddy R, Alapati S, Pavani K, Sai-Praveen KN. Various forms of tobacco usage and its associated oral mucosal lesions. J Clin Exp Dent. 2016;8(2):e172-7.
[3]. Shyam , Sravya T , Rajani K, Manchikatla PK.Tobacco Related Habits vs Oral Mucosa Indian J Dent Adv 2015; 7(3): 192-199
[4]. ER Sridhar, FU Mohammed, J Divya , SD Chillamcherla, M Swetha, SP Gude. Oral Leukoplakia Etiology, Risk Factors, Molecular Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment: A Review. Int J Contemp Med Res. 2020;7(11)

Abstract: Introduction: The curriculum for postgraduate courses are well defined with respect to their respective subject matter but training and assessment of soft skills i.e. interpersonal skill, communication skill and professionalism are seldom part of this defined curriculum. These skills are as important as clinical skills and knowledge to produce a good medical professional, therefore 360 degree evaluation of these skills is essential. Aims & Objectives: To evaluate professionalism and other competencies among resident doctors at SVNGMC Yavatmal by 360 degree evaluation. Material and methods: This is a cross sectional observational study conducted at SVNGMC Yavatmal .Fourteen JRII from six.......

[1]. Accreditation Council For Graduate Medical Education. 360-Degree Evaluation [3]Instrument: An Educational Resource from The ACGME Outcome Project. Toolbox Of Assessment Methods.Version 1.1. September 2000; 3.
[2]. Rodgers KG, Manifold C. 360-Degree Feedback: Possibilities for Assessment [4] Of the ACGME Core Competencies for Emergency Medicine Residents. Acad Emerg Med. 2002; 9(11)1300-04.
[3]. Chandler N, Anderson G, Park B, Byerley J, Brown W, Steiner M. Use Of A [2]360-Degree Evaluation In The Outpatient Setting: The Usefulness Of Nurse, Faculty, Patient/ Family And Resident Self Evaluation. Journal of Graduate Medical Education. 2010; 2(3):430-34.
[4]. Lynch DC, Surdyk PM, Eiserar (2004) Assessing Professionalism: A Review Of The Literature. Med Teach 26: 366- 373.5. 360 Degree Performance Toolkits, Council of Academic Hospitals of Ontarino, Page 13
[5]. Arnold EL, Blank LL, Race EH Cipparrone, N (1998). Can Professionalism Be Measured? The Development of a Scale for Use in The Medical Environment. Acad Med. 73:1119-21.

Abstract: The pubic symphysis is a midline, nonsynovial joint that connects the right and left superior pubic rami. The interposed fibrocartilaginous disk is reinforced by a series of ligaments that attach to it. The jont allows very limited movement of approximately 0.5-1mm. Under hormonal stimulation during pregnancy, there is widening of the symphysis pubis and the sacroiliac joints. Diastasis wider than 15 mm is considered subdislocation and is generally associated with pain, swelling, and occasionally deformity. Most cases can be treated conservatively. However, internal or external surgical stabilization may occasionally be required. Abbreviations: USG, MRI.

[1]. Yoo J.J., Ha Y.-C., Lee Y.-K., Hong J.S., Kang B.-J., Koo K.-H. Incidence and Risk Factors of Symptomatic Peripartum Diastasis of Pubic Symphysis. J. Korean Med. Sci. 2014;29:281–286. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.2.281.
[2]. Rustamova S., Predanic M., Sumersille M., Cohen W.R. Changes in symphysis pubis width during labor. J. Perinat. Med.
[3]. Robson S.E., Waught J. Medical Disorders in Pregnancy—A Manual for Midwives. Blackwell Publishing; Oxford, UK: 2008.
[4]. Sung J.-H., Kang M., Lim S.-J., Choi S.-J., Oh S.-Y., Roh C.-R. A case-control study of clinical characteristics and risk factors of symptomatic postpartum pubic symphysis diastasis.
[5]. Becker I., Woodley S.J., Stringer M.D. The adult human pubic symphysis: A systematic review. J. Anat.
[6]. Herren C., Sobottke R., Dadgar A., Ringe M.J., Graf M., Keller K., Eysel P., Mallmann P., Siewe J. Peripartum pubic symphysis separation—Current strategies in diagnosis and therapy and presentation of two cases

Abstract: Introduction:Perforation of duodenal and gastric ulcer is by far the commonest surgical emergencyneeding operations in peptic ulcer disease. Though the incidence of duodenal ulcers ison a decreasing trend, yet perforations still constitute a significant percentage of acuteulcer related surgical emergencies. Materials and Methods: During the period of study from 1stMarch 2020 to 28thFeb 2021,90 Patients admitted with clinical and radiological diagnosis of duodenal perforation, under the Department of Surgery, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital were taken up........

[1]. MacKay C. Perforated peptic ulcer in the west of Scotland: a survey of 5 c, 19;1(5489):701. dBmjM.
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[3]. Patowary DN. Pyloric obstruction hapipu, 1;55(8):270-4 JotIMAO.
[4]. Budhraja SN PN, Perianayagam WH. Salivary gland tumors in, 1;55(5):634 PPaRSM.
[5]. Dev AK PS, Bhattacharjee N, Chwdhary J. Perforated Duodenal Ulcer-A, Surg. roraeoticIJ, 1994;56(5):222-7..

Abstract: BACKGROUND:Currently 77 million people are suffering from diabetes in India. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy has been estimated to be 17.6% among adults with diabetes. Approximately 4 million people around the world losing their sight from diabetic retinopathy, the leading cause of blindness in patients aged 20 to 74 years. The main objective of the study was to study the effect of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy on macular thickness by using Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT). METHODS:It is a cross-sectional study conducted from May to October 2022among patients who came to the ophthalmology OPD with a history of diabetes mellitus. Cirrhus HD-SPECTRAL DOMAIN OCT......

Key words : diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, OCT, diabetic macular edema, NPDR, PDR.

[1]. Lee R, Wong TY, Sabanayagam C. Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema and related vision loss. Eye and vision. 2015 Dec;2(1):1-25.
[2]. Romero-Aroca P, Baget-Bernaldiz M, Pareja-Rios A, Lopez-Galvez M, Navarro-Gil R, Verges R. Diabetic macular edema pathophysiology: vasogenic versus inflammatory. Journal of diabetes research. 2016 Oct;2016.
[3]. Virgili G, Menchini F, Casazza G, Hogg R, Das RR, Wang X, Michelessi M. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) for detection of macular edema in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015(1).
[4]. Pierro L, Rabiolo A. Emerging issues for optical coherence tomography. Management of Diabetic Retinopathy. 2017;60:28-37.
[5]. Sun JK, Lin MM, Lammer J, Prager S, Sarangi R, Silva PS, Aiello LP. Disorganization of the retinal inner layers as a predictor of visual acuity in eyes with center-involved diabetic macular edema. JAMA ophthalmology. 2014 Nov 1;132(11):1309-16.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Vagally mediated atrioventricular (AV) block is defined as a paroxysmal AV block, localized within the AV node, associated with slowing of the sinus rate. All types of second-degree AV block may be present. Vagally mediated AV block is benign, it can be recorded as an asymptomatic or symptomatic event (syncope/pre-syncope). OBSERVATION: A 30 years old man, referred to our cardiology center after recurrent syncope. No particular medical history; his syncope has not associated with any other symptoms; no prodromal event was noted. On admission, he was conscious;......

Key words : Syncope, Rythmology, Vagally BAV

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[4]. Bansal R, Mahajan A, Rathi C, Mehta A, Lokhandwala Y. What is the mechanism of paroxysmal atrioventricular block in a patient with recurrent syncope? J Arrhythmia. 2019;35:870–872
[5]. Blanc JJ, L‟Her C, Touiza A, Garo B, L‟Her E, Mansourati J. Prospective evaluation and outcome of patients admitted for syncope over a 1 year period. Eur Heart J 2002;23: 767–8.

Abstract: Background: Cytokines are important mediators of inflammation throughout viral diseases, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV).Cytokine genetic polymorphisms could also modify the autoimmune reaction to this infectious disease. Purpose: The goal of this study was to look into the rate of genetic markers linked to IL-10, TGF-β, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN- polymorphisms and their relationship to the consequences of HCV infection. PatientsandMethods: This study was carried out on a group of 40 chronic HCV pediatric patients, at the Alexandria University Pediatric Hospital (Shatby), Egypt. individuals were divided into two groups based on the response to lFN (Responders and non.......

Key words : cytokines; gene polymorphism; hepatitis C infection; children

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Abstract: BACKGROUND:Ocular involvement is common in PIH occurring in 30%–60% of patients. Subjective visual symptoms including decreased vision, visual field defects, diplopia, photopsia are present in approximately 40% of PIH patients. Regular ocular examination reveals important objective information concerning this disorder with regard to severity and is of prognostic value. AIM: To evaluate and correlate the retinal findings on fundoscopic examination and visual morbidity in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). MATERIALS and METHODS:A prospectivestudy was done at DR........

[1]. Uma MS, Bhuvana S, Annamalai R, Muthayya M. Visual morbidity and spectrum of ophthalmic changes in pregnancy induced hypertension. J Family Med Prim Care 2022;11:2488-92.
[2]. Reddy SC, Sivalingam N, Sheila Rani KG, Tham SW. Fundus changes in pregnancy induced hypertension. 2012; 5(6):694-697
[3]. Cunningham FC, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Spong CY, Dashe JS, et al. Williams Obstetrics. New York: Mc Graw-Hill; 2014. p. 728-69.
[4]. Bakhda RN. Clinical study of fundus findings in pregnancy induced hypertension. J Family Med Prim Care. 2016 Apr-Jun;5(2):424-429.
[5]. Das KA, Jaisal P. Fundus changes in pregnancy induced hypertension. Int J Med Res Prof 2016;2:47-50.

Abstract: Individuals worldwide are participating in all types of physical activities as well as competitive sports at all levels. The healthful benefits of such activities are unfortunately associated with injury risks. This case report discusses the importance of preventive sports gear and customisation of face shield for an football player. This customised face-shield was economical and mush better fit for the patient as compared to commercially available protective gears. Thus, providing opportunity to a Prosthodontist to get actively involved in sports dentistry.

[1]. Reehal, Paul. Facial Injury in Sport. Current Sports Medicine Reports2010;9:27-34
[2]. Kim r, Shokri T, Wang W, Ducic Y. Facial Protection to prevent facial trauma and allow for optimal Protection after facial fracture repair. Facial Plast Surg.2021;37:781-789.
[3]. Selva S, Karthi R, Aparna S, Madan Kumar PD. Awareness, prevention and management of dental injuries among the kabbadi players of Madurai District. J Dent Res Rev 2018;5:97-101.
[4]. Tulunoglu I, Ozbek M. Oral trauma, mouthguard awareness, and use in two contact sports in Turkey. Dent Traumatol 2006;22:242‐6.
[5]. Persic R, Pohl Y, Filippi A. Dental squash injuries – A survey among players and coaches in Switzerland, Germany and France. Dent Traumatol 2006;22:231‐6..

Abstract: Facial asymmetry may result as a consequence of congenital defects, as part of a spectrum of syndromes or may result due to progressive wasting disorders. Both hard and soft tissue deficits or overgrowth may produce significant facial asymmetry which warrants treatment after arriving at a diagnosis comprising of patient's chief complaint and clinicians quantification. Maxillo-mandibular distraction is an important modality for treating facial asymmetry by bringing out both bony and hard tissue alteration and can thus be used satisfactorily in cases with no occlusal derangements. Though orthognathic surgery, orthomorphic surgery and other augmentation procedures can also be used however patients with minimal occlusal derangement benefit best with distraction procedures..

Key words : Asymmetry, Distraction, Occlusion, Hemifacialmicrosomia

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