iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2020

Abstract: Objective- The present study was undertaken in order to study the correlation between the CT and endoscopic sinus surgery in evaluating sinonasal area, their anatomical variations and their pathology and extent of disease. Introduction-The complex anatomy of paranasal sinus makes the sinus vulnerable to different pathologic condition,which needs multiple procedures to evaluate the exact nature and extent of the pathology of which CTscan and nasal endoscopy provide the ability to accuratelyassess and access these areas. Materials and methods-An institution based prospective correlation study was performed on 50 patients having symptoms of chronic sinusitis who were referred from ENT department to the department of Radiodiagnosis for CT nose and paranasal sinus and endoscopic sinus surgery was performed in those patients with positive CT findings......

Keywords: Multidetector CT scan (MDCT), Functional endoscopic sinus surgery(FESS), Paranasal sinus(PNS),Chronic rhinosinusitis

[1]. Reddy UM, Dev B. Pictorial essay: Anatomical variations ofparanasal sinuses on multidetector computed tomography-How does it help FESS surgeons?. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2012;22:317-24.
[2]. Bolger, W. E., Parsons, D. S. and Butzin, C. A. (1991), Paranasal sinus bony anatomic variations and mucosal abnormalities: CT analysis for endoscopic sinus surgery. The Laryngoscope, 101: 56–64. doi: 10.1288/00005537-199101000-00010
[3]. Zeinreich S J, Kennedy D W, Rosenbaum AE. Paranasal sinuses: CT imaging requirements for endoscopic surgery. Radiology 1987; 163:769-775.
[4]. Babbel R, Harnsberger HR, Welson B, et al. Optimization of techniques in screening CT of the sinuses. AJR (American journal of radiology) 1991; 157:1093-1098.
[5]. A Peric, N Baletic, and J Sotirovic. A case of an uncommon anatomic variation of the middle turbinate associated with headache. ActaOtorhinolaryngol Ital. 2010 June ; 30 (3) : 156-159..

Abstract: Objectives: To assess the effect of Kangaroo mother care (KMC) and conventional methods of care (CMC) on weight gain in normal birth weight and low birth weight babies. Methods: This is a prospective analytical interventional study design carried out on 108 patients subdivided into 2 groups viz. KMC & CMC/Non KMC group. Data were collected in a predesigned proforma and analyzed in Microsoft excel 2010 using standard statistical techniques, p values were obtained using chi square test and was considered significant if p < 0.05. Results: Weight loss during first 7 days of life was significantly less in KMC group than Non KMC group with average weight loss being 40 g vs 71 g in these groups respectively at a p value of 0.008 in the weight band of (1.5 kg to 2.5 kg).Average weight gain at day.....

Key words: Kangaroo Mother Care, Low birth weight, Skin to skin, Sick newborn care unit, Weight gain

[1]. Sloan NL, Camacho LW, Rojas EP, Stern C. Kangaroo mother method: randomized controlled trial of an alternative method of care for stabilized low-birthweight infants. Maternidad Isidro Ayora Study Team. Lancet 1994; 344(8925):782-5.
[2]. World Health Organization. Kangaroo mother care: a practical guide. Department of Reproductive Health and Research, WHO, Geneva.2003.
[3]. Udani RH, Nanavati RN. Training manual on Kangaroo mother care. Published by the Department of neonatology. KEM Hospital and Seth GS medical college Mumbai. September 2004.
[4]. Conde-Agudelo A, Belizán JM, Diaz-Rossello J. Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Mar 16; (3):CD002771. [5]. Suman RP, Udani R, Nanavati R. Kangaroo mother care for low birth weight infants: a randomized controlled trial. Indian Pediatr. 2008;45(1):17–23.

Abstract: The present study have been undertaken to evaluate and compare the maternal serum concentrations of uric acid and creatinine between women with normal pregnancy and pregnant women with pre-eclampsia. 50 Patients diagnosed as having Pre-eclampsia and 50 controls with similar age group were studied after taking their consent. Estimation of maternal serum uric acid was analyzed by usinguricase peroxidase methodand serum creatinine was analyzed by using Jaffemethod .The mean serum concentrations of uric acid in pre-eclampticpregnant women was significantly higher when compared to normal pregnant women , p< 0.05. There was no statistically significant difference for serum creatinine level in preeclampticscompared to normotensive pregnant women(p > 0.05). We conclude that serum uric acid level increased in pre-eclamptic women and there was no significant difference in the Serum creatinine level in preeclampsia patients and normotensive pregnant women.

Key words: Pre-eclampsia, Serum creatinine, Uric acid

[1]. World Health organistion.WHO recommendation for prevention of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.Implication and action. Geneva,2014.WHO PublicationWHO_RHR_14.17.
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[3]. Frund G, Aruan DA. Clinical biochemistry of preeclampsia and related liver disease of pregnancy; a review. ClinicaChimicaacta. 1990; 191:123-152
[4]. Jeyabalan A, Conrad KP. Renal function during normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. Front Biosci. 2007;12:2425–2437. [PubMed]
[5]. Bainbridge SA, Roberts JM. Uric acid as a pathogenic factor in preeclampsia. Placenta. 2008;22:S67–S72. [PMC free article] [PubMed].

Abstract: "Botulism" is a life-threatening disease first described by Kerner. It is caused by botulinum toxin (BT) also known as botulinum neurotoxin produced under anaerobic conditions by Clostridium Botulinum. Botulinum is one of the most lethal toxins known and has found applications in bioterrorism as well. However, botulinum toxin is a double-edged sword. Botulinum is the first toxin to be accepted for therapeutic uses. Botox is a safe, conservative, non surgical, reversible, minimally invasive treatment modality to achieve cosmetic results. Training is absolutely necessary for dentists to administer injections, but learning curve is very short, because dentists can already achieve profound anaesthesia in the orofacial region, thus making the patient more comfortable.

Keywords: Botox, Dermal Fillers, Facial wrinkles, Gummy smile, Cosmetics, Bruxism

[1]. Botulinum Toxin Frontline TMJ syndrome and Dental Therapeutic Treatment. Louis Makmacher. Academy of General Dentistry.
[2]. Dastoor SF, Misch CE, Wang HL. Botulinum toxin (Botox) to enhance facial macroesthetics: A literature review. J Oral Implantol. 2007;33(3):164–71.
[3]. Hallett M. One man's poison - Clinical applications of botulinum toxin. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(2):118–20.
[4]. Freund B, Schwartz M, Symington JM. Botulinum toxin: New treatment for temporomandibular disorders. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000;38(5):466–71.
[5]. Andrew Blitzer, Paul E. Greene, Mitchell F.Brin, Stanley Fahn. Botulinum Toxin Injection for the treatment of Oromandibular Dystonia. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol February. 1989;98(no. 2):93–97..

Abstract: Background: Skeletal muscle dysfunction is a common systemic co-morbidity of Chronic Obstructive Airflow Disease (COAD) and is a better predictor of disease mortality than lung function. Patients with severe COAD report a marked increase in the sensation of dyspnea during routine tasks that require arm use, especially activities requiring unsupported arm elevation. COAD patients have altered respiratory mechanics and impaired gas exchange, which decreases physical ability and affects activities of daily living (ADL). As a result of these mechanical changes........

Key words: OAD, COAD, Upper Extremity Strength, 1 RM 6MWT

[1]. Desforges, Jane F; Ferguson, Gary T; Cherniack, Reuben M- Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The New England Journal of Medicine 328:14 (Apr 8, 1993): 1017-1022.
[2]. Tania Janaudis-Ferreira. Strategies for exercise assessment and training in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Umea University Medical Dissertation, new series no 1360. [3]. Ganeshan Kathiresan et.al. Effect of upper extremity exercise in people with COPD. J Thorac Dis 2010;2:223-236. DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2010.11.4.
[4]. Swati Shah et.al. Upper limb muscle strength and endurance in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, Indian J Med Res 138, October 2013, pp 492-496
[5]. Marcello Velloso et.al. Evaluation of effects of shoulder girdle training on strength and performance of activities of daily living in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, International Journal of COPD, 2013:8 187-192

Abstract: An aesthetically pleasing smile is the demand of majority of the patients seeking orthodontic treatment nowadays. Not only the aligned teeth, but various other components also plays vital role in developing the pleasing smile. Adequate gingival exposure is one of the contributory factors. Lip repositioning is an alternative treatment approach for the correction of excessive gingival smile. Present case report to reduce gingival display by orthodontic treatment followed by lip repositioning procedure.....

Keywords: Gingival exposure; Lip lengthening; Lip repositioning; Aesthetics

[1]. Oliveira MT, Molina GO, Furtad A, Ghizoni JS, Pereira JR. Gummy smile: A contemporary and multidisciplinary overview. Dental Hypotheses 2013;4(2):55-60.
[2]. Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry, Study Reveals Keys to Memorable First Impressions by AACD Executive Office ;2015: https://aacd.com/express/newsviewpost&id=8005
[3]. Izraelewicz-Djebali E, Chabre C. Gummy smile: orthodontic or surgical treatment? J Dentofacial Anom Orthod 2015;18:102.
[4]. E. Dilaver, S. Uckan: Effect of V–Y plasty on lip lengthening and treatment of gummy smile. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2017; xxx: xxx–xxx.
[5]. Dayakar M M, Gupta S, and Shivananda H.Lip repositioning: An alternative cosmetic treatment for gummy smile. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2014 Jul-Aug; 18(4): 520–523

Abstract: Background: Salivary diagnostics plays an important role in the early detection and prevention of many of the oral and systemic diseases in a rapid and noninvasive way. Dental caries and periodontitis are the most common infections in the oral cavity of humans. There has to be a quick and easy alternate for the detection of these diseases for early diagnosis and treatment. Salivary diagnostic methods provide simple, easy and reliable method for detecting changes in biological system. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects were recruited into 3 groups(Caries, Periodontitis and Normal group). The Caries status was evaluated by Dentition status and treatment needs by WHO and Periodontal status by CPI index (WHO). Saliva samples were collected.....

Key Word: Saliva, Dental caries,periodontitis,Salivary IL-1β, biomarker,point-of-care diagnostics

[1]. Caufield PW, Griffen AL. Dental caries: an infectious and transmissible disease. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2000;47: 1001- 1019.
[2]. Cogulu D, Onay H, Ozdemir Y, IA G, Ozkinay F, Kutukculer N. Associations of interleukin (IL)-1Î2, IL-1 receptor antagonist, and IL-10 with dental caries. J Oral Sci. 2015;57:31–36.
[3]. Rangbulla V, Nirola A, Gupta M, et al. Salivary IgA, interleukin-1beta and MMP-8 as salivary biomarkers in chronic periodontitis patients. Chin J Dent Res 2017;20:43–51.
[4]. World Health Organization. Constitution of WHO: Princliples. http://www.who.int/about/mission/en. Assessed on March 4, 2020
[5]. Ebersole JL, Nagarajan R, Akers D, Miller CS. Targeted salivary biomarkers for discrimination of periodontal health and disease(s). Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2015 Aug 19;5:62. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2015.00062. PMID: 26347856; PMCID: PMC4541326

Abstract: Background:Phacoemulsification surgery for cataract is one of the most common surgeries performed all over the world. The objective of the surgery is to correct the vision by replacing the opacified lens by artificial lens. The power of this lens is not same for all and needs to be calculated individually before surgery. Axial length(AXL)& corneal curvature are most influencing parameters for calculating power of the lens.so this study was planned to measure the changes in axial length & anterior chamber depth(ACD) in pre & post operatives time.. Present study compares results of twosuch types of lenses TO & SF lenses which can be helpful for determining IOL power for the patient before surgery.......

Key Word: axial length, anterior chamber depth, phacoemulsification.

[1]. De Bernardo M, Zeppa L, Cennamo M, Iaccarino S, Zeppa L, Rosa N. Prevalence of corneal astigmatism before cataract surgery in Caucasian patients. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2014;24:494–500.
[2]. Mohammadi M, Naderan M, Pahlevani R, Jahanrad A. Prevalence of corneal astigmatism before cataract surgery. IntOphthalmol. 2016;36: 807–817.
[3]. Hashemi H, Khabazkhoob M, Soroush S, Shariati R, Miraftab M, Yekta A. The location of incision in cataract surgery and its impact on induced astigmatism. CurrOpinOphthalmol. 2016;27:58–64.
[4]. Cho YK, Kim MS. Perioperative modulating factors on astigmatism in sutured cataract surgery. Korean J Ophthalmol. 2009;23:240–248.
[5]. Wall PB, Lee JA, Lynn MJ, Lambert SR, Traboulsi EI. The effects of surgical factors on postoperative astigmatism in patients enrolled in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS). J AAPOS. 2014;18:441–445.

Abstract: Objective: To post-operatively evaluate the data obtained by Laser speckle contrast imaging to determine the compromised blood circulation in different kind of flaps. Method: From June 2019 to August 2019, 25 patients scheduled to undergo ALT flaps, , median planter artery flaps and local flaps. Mean perfusion were measured every hour throughout the day till 7th post-operative day (POD) and analyzed offline graphically. Result: Flaps without compromised blood supply not only formed wavelike curves but also the perfusion valueremained >40 PU.However, flaps having perfusion value below 40 PU, althoughexperienced a dark skin color, recovered fully without any complication additionally it was a good indicator of performing a revision procedure......

Keywords: Free flap; Laser speckle contrast imaging; Microcirculation; Flap monitoring; Reconstruction surgery; flap necrosis

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[2]. Fitzgerald O'Connor, E, Rozen, WM, Chowdhry, M et al, Preoperative computed tomography angiography for planning DIEP flap breast reconstruction reduces operative time and overall complications. Gland Surg. 2016;5:93–98
[3]. Karakawa R, Yoshimatsu H, Narushima M, Iida T. Ratio of Blood Glucose Level Change Measurement for Flap Monitoring. PlastReconstr Surg Glob Open. 2018;6(7):e1851. Published 2018 Jul 16. doi:10.1097/GOX.0000000000001851
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[5]. Heller L, Levin LS, Klitzman B. Laser Doppler flowmeter monitoring of free-tissue transfers: blood flow in normal and complicated cases. PlastReconstr Surg. 1999;104:97.