iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2020

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to compare the shear bond strength of two dentine bonding agents, a fifth generation Prime & Bond NT(group I) and a six generation Clearfil Liner Bond 2V(group II)& to corelate the shearbond strength to the resin tag penetration &thickness of hybrid layer at the resin dentine interface produced by SEM. Sixteen sound premolar teeth were divided into two groups of eight each and were sectioned at the CEJ and mounted on PMMA blocks with buccal surface facing upwards. Buccal enamel was removed.After conditioning & application of bonding agents on exposed dentine surface, brass metal rings of height 4mm & width 4mm were positioned over bonded dentine surface. For Group I TPH composite was packed to fill the metal ring, while for Group II Clearfil.....

Key Words: Dentinebondingagents, Shear bond strength,Hybrid layer,Scanning electron microscope

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Abstract: Vaginal discharge is one of the most common reasons for gynecological consultation. Not all women with vaginal symptoms have vaginitis; approximately 40% of women with vaginal symptoms will have some type of vaginitis.Previously we published to study prevalence of AVF, BV, VVC and TVin abnormal vaginal discharge in females. Total of 322 women were enrolled in the study whose vaginal secretions was tested for screening using Gram's staining, wet mount, Culture, Nugent's scoring &Amsel's criteria. Out of 322females tested, maximumpatients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. Majority 52.2% of cases belonged to sub-urban area, while illiterate patients found 59.3%. Majority 51.5% of cases belonged to Low socioeconomic status, while fair level of personal hygiene was found in 43.5% of cases. All these findings were statistically significant. To conclude, demographic factors like residence, increasing age, illiteracy and low socioeconomic status are all contributory factors for frequent occurrence of abnormal vaginal discharge....

Keywords: Abnormal vaginal discharge, Prevalence, Socio-demographic status.

[1]. Bilardi JE, Walker S, Temple Smith M, McNair R, Mooney-Somers J, et al. The Burden of Bacterial Vaginosis: Women's Experience of the Physical, Emotional, Sexual and Social Impact of Living with Recurrent Bacterial Vaginosis. (2013) PLOS ONE 8(9): e74378. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.00774378.
[2]. Patel V, Pednekar S, Weiss H, Rodeigues M, Barros P, Naya k B et al. Why do women complain of vaginal discharge? A population survey of infectious and psychological risk factors in a South Asian community. Intl J Epidemiol 2005;34:853-62
[3]. Patel V, Weiss HA, Kirkwood BR, Pednekar S, Nevrekar P, Gupte S et al. Common genital complaints in women: the contribution of psychosocial and infectious factors in a population based cohort study in Goa, India. Inter J Epidemiol 2006;35:1478-1485.
[4]. Nansel TR, Riggs MA, Yu K, Andrews WW, Schwebke JR, et al. The association of psychosocial stress and bacterial vaginosis in a longitudinal cohort. Am J ObstelGynecol 2006; 194(2):381-386.
[5]. Kumar P V &Padmaja P. Reproductive Tract Infections – Clinical epidemiological Study Among Women Attending Tertiary Health Care Center, Ananthapuramu District, Andhra Pradesh. IOSR J of Dent and Med Sci (IOSR-JDMS) 2016;15(4):61-65.

Abstract: Primary carcinoma of gall bladder ranks as a sixth most common malignancy of gastrointestinal tract with poor prognosis. Adenocarcinoma accounts for 75-85% of gall bladder carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma constitute 1% of all malignant tumor in gall bladder. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of gall bladder has rarely been diagnosed by aspiration cytology. Here, we present a case of a 54 year suffering from abdominal pain complaint who underwent ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology and was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma of gall bladder. The diagnosis was confirmed on subsequent histopathological examination with invasion into adjacent liver. Histogenesis and biological behavior of squamous cell carcinoma of gallbladder remains a matter of debate but the role of aspiration cytology in diagnosing these lesions cannot be undermined.

Key Words: Squamous cell carcinoma, Gallbladder, Fine-needleaspiration cytology, liver, invasion

[1]. .I. Mills, Stacey E., editor. II. Greenson, Joel K., editor. III. Hornick, Jason L., editor. IV. Longacre, Teri A., editor. V. Reuter, VictormE., editor. VI. Title: Diagnostic surgical pathology : 3728,3735
[2]. Albores-Saavedra J, Henson DE, Sobin LH: The WHO Histological Classification of Tumors of the Gallbladder and Extrahepatic Bile Ducts. A commentary on the second edition. Cancer. 1992, 70:410–14. 10.1002/1097-0142(19920715)70:2<410::AID-CNCR2820700207>3.0.CO;2-R
[3]. Roa JC, Tapia O, Cakir A, et al.: Squamous cell and adenosquamous carcinomas of thegallbladder: clinicopathological analysis of 34 cases identified in 606 carcinomas. Mod Pathol. 2011, 24:1069–78. 10.1038/modpathol.2011.68
[4]. Randi G, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C: Gallbladder cancer worldwide: geographical distribution and risk factors. Int J Cancer. 2006, 118:1591–602. 10.1002/ijc.21683
[5]. Karasawa T, Itoh K, Komukai M, Ozawa U, Sakurai I, Shikata T. Squamous cell carcinoma of gallbladder-report of two cases and review of literature. ActaPatholJpn. 1981;31:299-308..

Abstract: Background and objective: The prevalence of type2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseaseshas been increasing globally. The increase in the CVD risk factors have been associated with patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of CVD risk factors among the type 2 diabetes subjects attending the hospitals in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria with respect to the duration of illness. The purpose was to ascertain if the time of living with the diabetic disease increases the risk of developing CVDs.Study design and methods: This was a cross-sectional study on patients with type2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 356 Diabetic subjects were recruited for the study that included 159 males with mean age of 54.3 years and 197 females with mean.....

Key Words-Diabetes mellitus, Cardiovascular diseases, Risk factors, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

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[3]. Dahiru T, Aliyu A, Shehu AU. A review of population based studies on diabetes mellitus in Nigeria. Sub-Saharan African Journal of Medicine 2016; 3 (2): 59-64.
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[5]. Oguoma V, Nwose E.U, Skinner T.C. Digban KA, et al. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among Nigerian adult population. Relationship with income level and accessibility to CVD risks screening. BMC Public Health 2015; 15: 397-413..

Abstract: Intestinal obstruction can be defined as interference with the normal progression of the intestinal luminal contents distally. The site of obstruction can be anywhere from duodenum to rectum distally. LargeBowel Obstruction (LBO)accounts foraround 60% of allintestinal obstruction1.Acute LBO can be the result of mechanical causes such as colorectal cancer,volvulus, diverticulitis, etc. or motility disturbances, latter being termed as colonic pseudo-obstruction. LBOfrom all causes appears to affect males and females with equal frequency2.....

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Abstract: The health indices of nations of the world are determined by the average life expectancy and infant mortality rate of the population. Epidemiology is the branch of public health saddled with the responsibility of determining the cause, distribution and determinants of various diseases and health-related conditions that directly or indirectly affect the health indices of a population. The impact of epidemiology is felt in the news on daily basis. The typical case scenario is that due to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), the pandemic virus ravaging the global population. Epidemiology is the branch of public health at the epicenter of the disease detection and its pattern of spread. This short communication.....

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[5]. Aschengrau A, Seage G R, III. Essentials of epidemiology in public health. Third Edition, 2014. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett.

Abstract: Labor pain is excruciating and a significant contributor of stress and anxiety. Among various methods of labor analgesia, epidural analgesia has been considered incomparable due to its proven efficacy and flexibility with maternal satisfaction. Total 84 parturients in active labor were included in study. Epidural block was performed using 75 μg clonidine (Group C; n=41) or 50 μg fentanyl (Group F; n=43) combined with 0.125% bupivacaine (10ml). Maternal and fetal vital parameters were measured. Analgesia was evaluated using a visual analogue score (VAS), sedation was scored using a five point scale, neonatal outcome was evaluated by APGAR score. Results: Demographically, patients were comparable between the groups. Hemodynamic parameters were comparable within and between the groups (p >0.05). The number of epidural top-ups and total bupivacaine requirement were significantly higher in bupivacaine fentanyl group as compared to bupivacaine clonidine group.

Keyword: Epidural labor analgesia, fentanyl, clonidine, bupivacaine

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[2]. Gupta S and Partani S. Neuraxial techniques of labour analgesia, Indian J Anaesth 2018;62:658-56.
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[4]. TomarGS, Tiwari A and Godwin RA. A comparative study of two different doses of fentanyl added to bupivacaine for intermittent epidural labour analgesia: A prospective randomized double blind study.JAnesthe Clinic Res 2011,2:145.
[5]. O'meara ME and Gin T Comparison of 0.125% bupivacaine with 0.125% bupivacaine and clonidine as extradural analgesia in the first stage of labour. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1993;71:651-656.

Abstract: Propofol is fast acting IV agent with favorable profile for inducing and maintaining total IV anaesthesia. It provides smooth and rapid induction and obtunds upper airway reflexes readily and imparts suitable condition for I- Gel insertion. Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) System is an IV drug delivery system containing pharmacokinetic model of a drug. TCI System delivers precisely the amount of drug required to achieve concentration as selected by anaesthesiologist, and then continue to infuse the agent at a proportionate rate to maintain it. This study was done to determine the most appropriate effect site concentration of propofol for easy insertion of I-gel without significant hemodynamic compromise......

Keywords: Propofol, TCI, I gel, effect site concentration.

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[3]. Glen JB. The development 'Diprifusor': a TCI system of propofol. Anaesthesia. 1998 Apr; 53 Suppl1:13-21.
[4]. Coetzee JF, Glen JB, Wium CA et al. Pharmacokinetic model selection for target controlled infusions of propofol. Assessment of three parameter sets. Anesthesiology.1995 jun; 82(6): 1328- 45.
[5]. Struys MM, De Smet T, Depoorter B et. al. Comparison of plasma compartment versus two Methods foe effect compartment controlled target-controlled infusion for propofol. Anesthesiology. 2000 Feb; 92(2): 399-406

Abstract: The understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases is continuously evolving and so is the management and control of the disease.Current management of periodontal diseases, centers, primarily on non-specific reduction of the microbial load by mechanical debridement and adjunctive use of antimicrobial agents. However,with increased awareness of the deleterious effects of synthetic antimicrobials, the limelight has now shifted on naturally occurring plant derived agents.Phytotherapeutic agents are safe, cost effective and efficient antimicrobials and their utility as adjuncts in prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases looks promising.

Key Word: periodontitis, phytotherapeutic agents, herbs, periodontal therapy

[1]. Anarthe R, Mani A , Kale P, Maniyar S, Anuraga S. Herbal Approaches in Periodontics Galore International Journal of Health Sciences and Research Vol.2; Issue: 1; March 2017
[2]. Shah R, Gayathri GV, Mehta DS. Application of herbal products in management of periodontal diseases: A mini review. Int J Oral Health Sci 2015;5:38‑44.
[3]. Abdollahzdeh, S.H., Mashouf, R., Mortazavi, H., Moghaddam, M., Roozbahani, N. and Vahedi, M. 2011. Antibacterial and Antifungal activities of Punicagranatum Peel extracts against Oral Pathogens. J Dent (Tehran)., 8:1-6.
[4]. Sangeetha, J. and Vijayalakshmi, K. 2011. Antimicrobial activity of rind extracts of Punicagranatum Linn. The Bioscan 6:119-24
[5]. Buggapati L Herbs in Dentistry Int J Pharmac Sci Inv Volume 5 Issue 6 ‖ October 2016 07-12

Abstract: Coronavirus disease (CoVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a new virus that had not been previously identified in humans..

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[6]. Ministry of health and family welfare - https://www.mohfw.gov.in

Abstract: Background: Platelets are involved primarily in hemostasis.They are Non-nucleated cellular fragments from Megakayocytes of bone marrow. Their surface contain receptors for vWF, glycoproteinIb, platelet integrin ,glycoproteins ( GP IIb / IIIa) which facilitate in platelet adhesion, aggregation and plug formation in arresting bleeding. The incidence of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy is 7–10% and 80% of it is related to Gestational Thrombocytopenia.(1) Methods: Study was conducted in District Hospital, MCH Block, where the number of deliveries is 7561 for a period of 1 year (2019-2020)......

Key Words: Platelets, IVIG, PPH

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Abstract: Background: In Nigeria, 58% of the estimated number of people living with HIV were women in 2015. The National reproductive health policy approved in 2010 has the goal of ensuring availability and access of women to full sexual and reproductive health information and quality services. However, little research has been conducted in Nigeria on the utilization of reproductive health services of HIV infected women. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and the level of utilization of reproductive health services by HIV infected women in Minna metropolis. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was used. A questionnaire titled: Knowledge, attitude and utilization of reproductive health services among HIV infected women in Minna metropolis.......

Keywords: Knowledge, attitude, reproductive health services, HIV positive women

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