iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2020

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) is caused by a novel coronavirus known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and was identified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. This virus was first identified in the respiratory tract of patients with pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei China, in December 2019 which was then indicated as a newly identified β-coronavirus (nCoV). Recent observations suggest that respiratory failure in COVID-19 is not driven by the development of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) alone, but that (microvascular) thrombotic processes may play a role as well......

Keywords: COVID 19 (Coronavirus disease 2019), SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome), Atelectasis, PPL( Lung pleural pressure).

[1]. Li Q., Guan X., Wu P., Wang X., Zhou L., Tong Y. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:1199–1207. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
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[4]. Tian X., Li C., Huang A., Xia S., Lu S., Shi Z. Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody. Emerg Microb Infect. 2020;9:382–385. [Google Scholar]
[5]. Huang C., Wang Y., Li X., Ren L., Zhao J., Hu Y. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395:497–506.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Abstract: Buonocoreexplainedtheacidification of theenamelwithliquidsolution in liquid form in 1955 andtheformation of resintagswiththepenetration of resinmonomersintotheresultingmicroporositiesandtheformation of a micromechanicalbondafterpolymerization. Theenamelbindingtechnique has becomestandardandaccepted, andproblemswithdentinbindinghavebeenexperienced. However, withthedevelopment of variousbondingsystems, there has been a significantimprovement......

1. Kugel G, and Ferrari M. Thescience of bonding: fromfirsttosixthgeneration. J AmDentAssoc. 2000;1:20-25.
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3. Çelik G, Sarı T, Üşümez A. Bilgisayar destekli diş hekimliği ve güncel CAD/CAM sistemleri. CU Dişhek Fak Derg. 2012;16.1:74-82.
4. Can-Karabulut DC,OzFT, Karabulut B, Batmaz I, Ilk O.Adhesiontoprimaryandpermanentdentinand asimple model approach. EurJDent. 2009;1:32.
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Abstract: Schizophrenia is a disorder with lifetime prevalence worldwide, roughly estimated at 1% In terms of DALYs , It ranked eighth accounting for 2.6 % of the total and in terms of years lost to disability (YLD), it was third accounting for 4.9% of total.

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Abstract: Background: To study the clinical and histocytological correlation of breast lesions. In India, breast cancer is the second most common cancer after the cervical cancer. Methods: In this retrospective study, total 300 cases of breast lesions over a period of one and half year in our institute of Pathology Department of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior from January 2018 to June 2019 were studied. All patients who had FNAC of breast lumps with subsequent histological confirmation were included in the study. Results: In the study, a total of 300 cases were analysed whose clinical, cytological and histological data available. The aspirates were obtained from 297 (99%) females and 3 (1%)males. The sensitivity of FNAC in determining the final histologic diagnosis was found to be 97.1% while the specificity was 100%.......

Keywords: Breast lesions, Fine needle aspiration cytology, Neoplastic,Non-neoplastic, Histopathology

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Abstract: Context: The examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for proteins, glucose, and leukocytes remains the basic gold standard investigation for the initial diagnosis of meningitis. Early diagnosis and initiation of antibiotics within 3 hr can reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with meningitis. Hence, we conducted this study to document the usefulness of urinary reagent strip for the semi-quantitative analysis of CSF chemistry and cellularity as an aid to bedside diagnosis at a tertiary care centre for paediatric age group. Aim:We conducted this study,1) To evaluate and establish the role of urine reagent strip for rapid diagnosis of meningitis in CSF analysis in paediatric age group2) To facilitate the early therapeutic decisions and to rule out the diagnostic dilemma for the clinicians.........

Key Words: Urine reagent strip, Cerebrospinal fluid, Meningitis.

[1]. P. Chikkannaiah, K.K. Benachinmardi, V. SrinivasamurthySemi-quantitative analysis of cerebrospinal fluid chemistry and cellularity using urinary reagent strip: an aid to rapid diagnosis of meningitis, Neurol. India, 64 (2016), pp. 50-55
[2]. R.C. Parmar, S. Warke, P. Sira, J.R. KamatRapid diagnosis of meningitis using reagent strips, Indian J. Med. Sci., 58 (2004), pp. 62-66[3]. D. Joshi, K. Kundana, A. Puranik, R. JoshiDiagnostic accuracy of urinary reagent strip todetermine cerebrospinal fluid chemistry and cellularity, J. Neurosci. Rural Pract., 4 (2013), pp. 140-145
[4]. R.M. Romanelli, E.E. Thome, F.M. Duarte, R.S. Gomes, P.A. Camargos, H.B. FreireDiagnosis of meningitis with reagent stripsJ. Pediatr., 77 (2001), pp. 203-208
[5]. C. Maclennan, E. Banda, E.M. Molyneux, D.A. GreenRapid diagnosis of bacterial meningitisusing nitrite patch testingTrop. Doct., 34 (2004), pp. 231-232

Abstract:Novel coronavirus (Covid-19) is a special type of human attacking virus which damages human lung and respiratory system. All over the world the characteristics and mutation of the coronavirus (Covid-19) are not remaining same; it is frequently changing its characteristics and mutation processes place to place causing pandemic. Therefore, unique vaccine for coronavirus (Covid-19) disease is very difficult to produce like AIDS vaccine or Cancer vaccine. Hence coronavirus (Covid-19) vaccine for certain area or place is innovated in this paper with the help of the residents possessing good health having age up to twenty five years

Keywords: Coronavirus (Covid-19), Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA), Proteins, Characteristics, Mutation, Local coronavirus (Covid-19) disease vaccine

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[4]. P. K. Bhattacharjee, “Working Philosophy of All Medicines”, International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Global Technology, vol. 2, no. 7, pp. 823-827, July 2014.

Abstract: Consumption of alcohol has health and social consequences through intoxication (drunkenness), alcohol dependence and other biochemical effects of alcohol. Alcohol adversely affects performance on many tasks. This study examined the effect of alcohol on visual acuity among commercial drivers in Zaria Nigeria. A predesigned, pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was filled by the commercial drivers, after which Visual acuity test and color vision test was done using standard Snellen's chart and Ishihara chart respectively. A total of 200 drivers were randomly selected, out of which 100 drink alcohol, while 100 do not drink alcohol. The visual acuity of those who drink alcohol and drive was significantly lower (P< 0.001) than those who do not drink alcohol. Drivers that had no family......

Key words: Alcohol, Visual acuity, Commercial drivers, Nigeria

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[2]. Silverthorn, D.U. Human Physiology. An Integrated Approach. Fourth Edition. Pearson Education, San Francisco 2007 CA. pp 366.
[3]. Strasburger H., Rentschler I., Juttner M. Peripheral vision and pattern recognition. Journal of Vision 2011; 11(5): 1-82.
[4]. Bach, M and Schafer, k. VA testing: Feedback affects neither outcome nor reproducibility, but leaves participants happier. PLoS One 2016; 11 (1): e0147803.
[5]. Colenbrander R. Substance use disorders and the Eye. A practical Guide. 2nd ed. USA; Lippincott. Williams and Wilkins 2009; pp 101-103.

Abstract: Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The basis of the abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism in diabetes is deficient action of insulin on target tissues. α-amylase and α-glucosidase is carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes responsible for postprandial hyperglycemia. These enzymes helps in the control of hyperglycemia by delaying carbohydrate digestion. It was observed that chronic usage of certain anti-diabetic drugs may lead to hypoglycemia, headache, dizziness, nausea,Intoralance and weight gain. However, Siddha system of medicine has potential herbal and herbomineral formulations for the Management of the condition of diabetic without major side effects. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of the herbal formulation of Aavari Kirutham (AAK) by alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay.......

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Alpha-amylase, Alpha-glucosidase, Siddha system, Aavari kirutham.

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[5]. Kumar A, Lakshman K, Jayaveera KN, Sheshadri Shekar D, Narayan Swamy VB, Khan S, Velumurga C .In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition and Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extract of Amaranthus Caudatus Linn. Oman Med J. 2011 May; 26(3):166-70.

Abstract: Background: Cerebrovascular accident occurs due to obstructed or decreased blood flow to a part of brain leading to death of brain tissue due to lack of supply of oxygen and nutrients.Early detection and treatment can decrease the damage to the brain tissue. Many studies indicated oxidative stress as a risk factor in pathogenesis of stroke. Oxidative stress, is the imbalance between free radical formation and antioxidant defense mechanism in body. Lipid peroxidation, the process of oxidative degradation of lipids in cell membrane is caused by free radicals. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a product of lipid perodixation. The measurement of serum MDA levels as a parameter of oxidative stress in CVA would be extremely important for a better understanding of its Pathophysiology.......

Key Word: Cerebrovascular accident; oxidative stress;lipid peroxidation; malondialdehyde.

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Abstract: Background: Peak expiatory flow rate (PEFR) is a lung function test which is easily measurable and reproducible but the standard reference values of PEFR have not been studied at large scale among children in Maharashtra. This study gives a preliminary local reference value of PEFR for school going children of Mumbai. Objectives: The aim of this study is to (a) To study PEFR values in healthy school children: 5-18 year age group (b) To find out correlation of PEFR with Height, Sitting Height & BMI. Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was done at two schools in Mumbai from August 2016 to October 2016 involving 1376 children aged 5-18 years who fulfilled selection criteria. PEFR was measured using peak flow meter and the highest among......

Key Word: PEFR; Height; Sitting Height; Weight; BMI.

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Abstract: Variety of treatment approaches have been developed and used to treat periodontal diseases associated with attachment loss. While the goal of periodontal surgical treatments is to access the root surfaces for proper debridement, the decision to remove or reshape the supporting bone has been controversial. Osseous resective surgery necessitates following the use of strict guidelines for proper recontouring of the alveolar bone and proper management and positioning of the gingival tissues so that the results from osseous resective surgery are highly predictable.

Key Words- Resective osseous surgery, bony defect, Piezosurgery

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Abstract: Background: Because of the established two-way relationship of diabetes and periodontitis, the research involving a drug that can reduce both alveolar bone loss in periodontitis and hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus is of prime importance.Metformin is an antihyperglycemic drug used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no studies investigating the effect of metformin on the association of these two diseases which emphasizes the novelty of this study. Thus, the aim of the study is to assess the effect of metformin on alveolar bone loss histologically in a type 2 diabetic rat model with experimental periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Thirty - five Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups: Group 1: normal control animals, Group 2: periodontitis only, Group 3:.....

Key Word: Periodontitis, Diabetes Mellitus, Metformin, Alveolar bone

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