iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2020

Abstract: Background:To investigate the concurrence of posterior encephalopathy syndrome or posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome(PRES) with eclampsia and to describe the obstetric and radiological correlates. Material and methods:This was a prospective study of all patients with eclampsia who attended obstetrics labour room of Nalanda Medical College and Hospital and underwent neuroimaging via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during December 2019 to February 2020 . Results :8 out of 11 eclamptic patients (72.7%) revealed PRES on neuroimaging using MRI . PRES was identified within the parietal , occipital,.....

Key Word: PRES (posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome), neuroimaging MRI,eclampsia

[1]. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3524908/Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: A Truly Treatable Neurologic Illness Esther V. Hobson,1 Ian Craven2 and S. Catrin Blank1
[2]. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5410886/ Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome,:shrinivans et al
[3]. Hinchey J, Chaves C, Appignani B, Breen J, Pao L, Wang A, et al. A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. New Engl J Med 1996. Feb 22;334:494–500
[4]. Kaplan PW. No, some types of nonconvulsive status epilepticus cause little permanent neurologic sequelae (or: "the cure may be worse than the disease"). Neurophysiol Clin 2000; 30:377–82

Abstract: Background –Obstetric near miss is an important indicator that reflects the quality of obstetric care in health facility. The aim and objective of the study was to find out the incidence the prevalence and the causes of maternal near miss due to severe of obstetric complication. Method- This is a retrospective study done in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology in Umaid Hospital Results- In this study the hospital maternal near miss incidence ratio was 14.34%. In our study we found the most common morbidity was (30.18%) hypertensive.....

Key Word: Hypertensive disorders, maternal mortality, Obstetric hemorrhage

[1]. Kaur R, Roy D, Aggarwal P, Nautiyal R, Chaturvedi J, kakkar R. Application of WHO Near miss tool Indicates Good Quality of Maternal Care in Rural Healthcare Setting in Uttarakhand, Northern India: J ClinDiagn Res. 2016;10(1):LC10-3.
[2]. Pattinson RC, Say L, Souza JP, Broek NV, Rooney C. WHO Working Group on maternal Mortality and Morbidity Classifications. WHO maternal death and near miss classifications. Bull World Health Organ. 2009;87(10):734.
[3]. Say L ,Souza JP, Pattinson RC, WHO working Group on Maternal Mortality Classifications. Maternal Near Miss-Towards a Standard tool for monitoring quality of maternal health care.BestPracts Res ClinobstetGynaecol 2009; 23;287-96.
[4]. World Health Organization .Evaluating the Quality of care for severe pregnancy complications .The WHO Near miss approach for Maternal Health .Geneva:WHO;2011
[5]. Mishra C.K. Maternal Near miss review operational guidelines. December 2014. Annexure 2: 35-40

Abstract: Background: Internet has become an essential part of our daily life. Besides using internet for information, education, and training for diagnosis, as well as patient management among healthcare students ,they are a vulnerable group on account of the time they spend on the internet. The excessive undisciplined use by individuals has led to the emergence of internet addiction. Objective: To study the prevalence of internet addiction and the usage pattern among undergraduate medical students and also to assess its association with depression, anxiety, and stress. Material and Methods: A cross.....

KEYWORDS: Internet Addiction, Young's scale, Depression, Anxiety, Stress

[1]. Internet and Mobile Association of India ,IAMAI. (online). Available from http://www.iamai.in/media/details/4990
[2]. Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) (online). Available from https://www.vccircle.com/internet-users-in-india-to-double-to-
[3]. 829-mn-by-2021-cisco/Goel D A study on the prevalence of internet addiction and its association with psychopathology in Indian adolescents.Indian J Psychiatry. 2013 Apr;55(2):140-3. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.111451
[4]. Young KS. Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychol Behav. 1998;3:237-44
[5]. Mark G. Does internet and computer "addiction" exist? Some case study evidence. Cyberpsychol Behav 2000;3:211‑8.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION- The recent trend in cataract surgery is the use of regional ophthalmic nerve blocks or topical anesthesia. The presence of pain during and after cataract surgery has been associated with lower patient's satisfaction with their anesthesia. We determined to know the effectiveness of subconjunctival anesthesia for pain evaluation in Small incision cataract surgery. AIM- To evaluate the effectiveness of subconjunctival anesthesia for pain control during small-incision cataract surgery (SICS). METHOD- This was a interventional study done to know the effectiveness of subconjunctival anesthesia for evaluation of pain in patients. Total of 50 patients were selected randomly. RESULTS- A total of 50 patients were enrolled in the study. 36 patients had no pain during surgery. Maximum patients had visual acuity in the range 6/12-6/9. CONCLUSION- The use of subconjuctival block resulted in lower pain scores and higher patient's satisfaction.

Key Words- cataract, SICS, subconjunctival anesthesia, visual acuity

....

Abstract: Background: Nephrotic Syndrome is a common childhood illness. Major problem with this disease is frequentrelapse. So, it is importantto identify the children at risk for relapses to treat and further follow up. Aim &Objective: Aim of present study was to determine Spot PCR is a strong indicator of relapse in NephroticSyndrome. The primary objective of study was to determine the correlation between acute phase Spot PCR andsubsequent relapses in Nephrotic Syndrome. Material and Method of study:Fifty five children having Nephrotic Syndrome were included in this prospective cohort studyatRajendra Institute of Medical Sciences....

[1]. Dr.D.Rajkumar M.D, Dr.S.Murugesalakshmanan M.D, Dr. A. Subhasakthi M.D, Dr.D.S.Balasankar M.D.D.C.H, Spot urine protein:creatinine ratio as risk factor in relapsing nephrotic syndrome, IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences(IOSR-JDMS), Volume 16, issue 5 ver.1(May 2017)
[2]. RN Srivastava, Arvind Bagga, Pediatric Nephrology, 6th edition,(2016),p191-228.
[3]. Kliegman, Stanton, St geme, Schor, Nelson Textbook of paediatrics, 21st edition, Elsevier, (2016), p2521-2528.
[4]. Ellis D. Avner, William E. Harmon, Patrick Niaudet, Norishige Yoshikawa, Francesco Emma, Stuart L. Goldstein, Pediatric Nephrology, Volume 1, 7th edition , Springer Reference, 2016, p840-868.
[5]. Vinod K Paul, Arvind Bagga, Ghai Essential Pediatrics, 8th edition, CBS publisher(2013), reprint(2014,2016,2017), p477-482.

Abstract: The psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are behavioral or motor manifestations not having an epileptic origin, defined as sudden and paroxysmal changes in motor, cognitive, emotional, sensation or consciousness behavior, for a limited period of time, which primarily evoke seizures, but which are related to a psychogenic origin and not to an excessive neuronal discharge (no concomitant critical electrophysiological activity) [4].....

[1]. Al Marzooqi. SM, Baker. GA, Reilly. J, Salmon. P. The perceived health status of people with psychologically derived non-epileptic attack disorder and epilepsy: a comparative study. Seizure 2004;13:71-5.
[2]. Auxéméry. Y, Hubsch. C, Fidelle. G. Crises psychogènes non épileptiques. Revue de la littérature. L‟Encéphale. 2011. 37, 153-158.
[3]. Baker. GA, Brooks. JL, Goodfellow. L, et al. Treatments for non-epileptic attack disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;1:CD006370.
[4]. Bodde. NMG, Brooks. JL, Baker. GA, Boon PAJM, Hendriksen JGM, Mulder OG, et al. Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Definition, etiology, treatment and prognostic issues: a critical review. Seizure 2009;18:543-53.
[5]. Bowman. ES, Markand. ON. Psychodynamics and psychiatric diagnoses of pseudoseizure subjects. Am J Psychiatry 1996;153(1):57-63..

Abstract: Zoonotic spread of the diseases have witnessed a lot of outbreaks ever since history. It's a close association of man with its environmental friends and foes that lead us into peril many a times. Two of these animals that are in spotlight since history and present time are bats and rats. Rats despite of their small size have proved that they are not to be underestimated for their size as they can swipe up more than half of the world's population as has happened during the times of Black Death and great plagues, denting some dark periods of gloom in the glory of history. While industrialisation in its early days give birth to public health , its credentials have been put into check time to time proving Homo sapiens, the so called superior mammals that they have overestimated themselves. As the modern society sets.....

Keyword:- COVID-19, immunology , genetics, zoonosis, coronavirus

Web-links
[1]. https://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/black-death
[2]. https://www.cdc.gov/rodents/diseases/direct.html
[3]. https://www.cdc.gov/rodents/cleaning/index.html
[4]. https://www.lloydpest.com/blog/rats-the-deadly-diseases-they-carry/
[5]. https://www.quora.com/Why-do-rodents-carry-so-many-diseases

Abstract: Background: Dengue encephalopathy is a rarely reported entity in children with an incidence of 0.5 to 6.2 %. Although dengue is a non-neurotropic virus, possibility of direct neuronal injury due to the dengue virus cannot be ruled out. We are here with two cases of dengue encephalopathy. Case summary: An 8-year-old girl presented with acute onset fever with rash, myalgia, and arthralgia and on evaluation was found to have hemoconcentration, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. Dengue IgM was found to be positive. On day 3 of illness the child developed altered sensorium for around 24 hours and one episode of generalized seizure. CSF Examination was.....

KEY WORD: Encephalopathy; Encephalitis; Dengue

[1]. Varathraj A. Encephalitis in the clinical spectrum of dengue infection. Neurol India. 2010;58:585–91.
[2]. Nathanson N, Cole GA. Immunosuppression and experimental virus infection of the nervous system. Adv Virus Res 1970;16:397–428.
[3]. Nathanson N, Cole Murthy JMK. Neurological complications of dengue infection. Neurol India. 2010; 58:581–84.
[4]. Varatharaj A. Encephalitis in the clinical spectrum of Dengue Infection. Neurol India. 2010;58(4):585-91.
[5]. Solomon T, Dung NM, Vaughn DW, Kneen R, Thao LT, Raengsakulrach B, et al. Neurological manifestations of dengue infection. Lancet 2000;355:1053-9.

Abstract: Severe loss of mandibular ridge is not common in the removal of Ameloblastoma. Its rehabilitation becomes a challenge for the prosthodontist. This has made prosthodontist to look for modifications in the conventional prosthetic forms to gratify patients' expectations who have difficulty in wearing the mandibular dentures. The best treatment method requires balancing between the stability, retention, and support to the fullest. This case report describes the prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with hollow denture who was treated for ameloblastoma. Due to its reduced excessive acrylic resin weight, the hollow denture efficaciously replaces the lost voluminous alveolar ridge in the increased interridge space of the denture wearer.

Key Word: Ameloblastoma;Hollow denture; Denture retention.

[1]. Chauhan DS, Guruprasad Y. Plexiform Ameloblastoma of the Mandible. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2011;1:61.
[2]. Oteri G, Ponte FSD, Pisano M, Cicciù M. Five years follow-up of implant-prosthetic rehabilitation on a patient after mandibular ameloblastoma removal and ridge reconstruction by fibula graft and bone distraction. Dent Res J. 2012;9:226–32.
[3]. Minichetti JC, D‟Amore JC, Schwarz E. Complete oral rehabilitation of a postresection ameloblastoma patient: a clinical case report. J Oral Implantol. 2011;37:735–44.
[4]. Carini F, Francesconi M, Saggese V, Monai D, Porcaro G. Implant-supported rehabilitation of a patient with mandibular ameloblastoma. Ann Stomatol. 2012;3:21–5.
[5]. Christian J, Grover M, Padmanabhan T. Replacement of Mandibular Posterior Teeth with Implants in a Postmandibular Resection Case: A Case Report. The Journal of oral implantology. 2011;39:210-213

Abstract: Recently the world is facing a new viral pandemic which is known to many as Corona virus, few call it Covid 19 , some literatures have named it as SARS- CoV -2 . One disease many names, though various modes of information entire globe is updated with one or all of its name, about the sign and symptoms and mortality of the disease. This article is a genuine attempt by the authors to review the literature and data available to us with a purpose to understand the pathogenesis of this viral infection.

Key Word: Coronavirus, Covid-19, SARS, SARS-CoV-2,Plasma therapy

[1]. de Groot RJ, Baker SC, Baric R, Enjuanes L, Gorbalenya AE, Holmes KV, Perlman S, Poon L, Rottier PJ, Talbot PJ, Woo PC, Ziebuhr J (2011).
[2]. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2010-08-24).
[3]. Woo PC, Huang Y, Lau SK, Yuen KY (August 2010). "Coronavirus genomics and bioinformatics analysis". Viruses. 2 (8): 1804–20.
[4]. Almeida JD, Berry DM, Cunningham CH, Hamre D, Hofstad MS, Mallucci L, McIntosh K, Tyrrell DA (November 1968). "Virology: Coronaviruses". Nature. 220 (5168): 650.
[5]. Tyrrell, David Arthur John; Fielder, Michael (2002). Cold Wars: The Fight Against the Common Cold. Oxford University Press. p. 96. ISBN

Abstract: Peripheral osteoma is a benign neoplasm, with low recurrence rate. Its incidence is rare in the jaws and the mandible is more affected than the maxilla. In most cases it is discovered during routine radiographic examinations. Objective: The aim of this study is to show the author's experience regarding the treatment of this neoplasm. Methods: A retrospective study from January 2002 to December 2007 including ten cases of peripheral osteoma in the maxillofacial region which were treated surgically by removal of the lesion followed by histological confirmation. None of the cases were correlated with Gardner's syndrome. Results: In this series the incidence of this neoplasm was higher in females (1.5:1) with a mean age of 39, without age preference. One of the patients had lesion recurrence two years after the first surgery, having been submitted to another intervention, with no signs of relapse after three years and six months of follow-up. Conclusion: Surgical treatment is effective for peripheral osteoma with a low recurrence rate..

Keywords:Bone neoplasms, jaw neoplasms, neoplasms, osteoma

[1]. Cutilli BJ, Quinn PD. Traumatically induced peripheral osteoma. Report of a case. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1992;73(6):667-9.
[2]. Ogbureke KUE, Nashed MN, Ayoub AF. Huge peripheral osteoma of the mandible: a case report and review of the literature. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(3):185-8.
[3]. Regezi JA, Sciubba JJ, Jordan, RCK. Patologia bucal: Correlações clínico-patológicas. 5ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2008. p.452-3.
[4]. Thoma KH, Goldman HM. Oral pathology. 5th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Company; 1960. p.231-41.
[5]. Schneider LC, Dolinsky HB, Grodjesk JE. Solitary peripheral osteoma of the jaws: report of case and review of literature. J Oral Surg. 1980;38(6):452-5..

Abstract: External inflammatory resorption and replacement resorption (ankylosis) of the root are complicating factors that may result from traumatic dental injures during replantation or repositioning of avulsion and extrusive luxation cases. This is a case of a patient who was followed-up for over 28 years following avulsion of a tooth and extrusive luxation of four teeth and outlines factors that influence the occurrence of resorption

Keyword: Avulsion teeth, extrusive luxation teeth, root resorption, long-term follow-up

[1]. Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM. Essential of traumatic injuries to the teeth. Louis. 2nd Edn. Munksgaard, Copenhagen. 2000；85-140.
[2]. Hiltz J, Trope M. Vitality of human lip fibroblast in milk, hanks balanced salt solution and viaspan storage media. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1991;7:69–72.
[3]. Andreasen JO, Borum MK, Jacobsen HL, Andreasen FM. Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 4. Factors related to periodontal ligament healing. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1995;11:76–89.
[4]. Andreasen JO, Borum KM, Jacobsen HL, Andreasen FM. Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 1. Diagnosis of healing complications. Endod Dent Traumatol.1995;11:51-8.
[5]. Tronstad L. Root resorption – etiology, terminology and clinical manifestations. EndodDent Traumatol.1988;4:241-52.